Internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power energy, and discloses an internal combustion engine working circulation device based on compressed air energy storage and release, which comprises an internal combustion engine set and an air storage tank, the internal combustion engine set is connected with the air storage tank through a circulation pipeline, and the internal combustion engine set and the air storage tank are used for recycling and supplementing gas in the internal combustion engine set. An energy storage assembly is further connected between the internal combustion engine set and the air storage tank and used for assisting the internal combustion engine set in acting, the internal combustion engine set comprises an air cylinder, a piston and a connecting rod connected with the piston, and the piston is connected into the air cylinder in a sliding mode. The air storage tank is connected with the air inlet channel, on the basis of Miller cycle, by prolonging the closing time of the second air inlet valve, in the compression process, part of high-pressure air is compressed into the buffer chamber, and then the air enters the air storage tank through the buffer chamber, so that the effect of compressing air to store energy is achieved, and the problem that a traditional air storage tank cannot be supplemented in time is solved; and the utilization rate is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power energy technology, and in particular to an internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release. Background Art

[0002] A stationary diesel engine requires external force to achieve the conditions for its first working stroke. This involves intake, compression, and fuel injection, all under the influence of external force, until the combustion and expansion of the fuel push the piston and, through the crankshaft, the engine begins to rotate autonomously. To ensure the engine starts, the external force driving the engine must overcome resistance and allow it to reach a certain speed. If the engine speed is too low, the compression process is slow, resulting in excessive heat dissipation from the cylinder walls and leakage through the piston rings. This results in a low compression end temperature, preventing the engine from spontaneously igniting the fuel and preventing it from rotating. Common diesel engine starting methods include manual cranking, electric starting, pneumatic motor starting, and compressed air starting. Compressed air starting involves introducing compressed air at a certain pressure into the cylinder during the working stroke, according to the engine's ignition sequence. This air pushes the piston instead of the natural gas, bringing the engine to the starting speed and completing spontaneous ignition.

[0003] In addition to starting the main and auxiliary diesel engines, other equipment on board requires compressed air, such as air horns, fog horns, and other accessories. However, as the air in the air tank decreases as air is replenished to the cylinder, it becomes ineffective after reaching a certain level. This prevents the air tank from being replenished in a timely manner, hindering its further application. Traditional ships use electric compressors to replenish their air tanks, but this places certain demands on the internal design and structure of the hull. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release, which solves the problems of difficulty in starting a diesel engine when it is stationary and difficulty in timely replenishing the gas in the air storage tank that assists in starting the diesel engine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release, including an internal combustion engine unit and an air storage tank, the internal combustion engine unit and the air storage tank are connected by a circulation pipeline, which is used to realize the recovery and replenishment of gas inside the internal combustion engine unit, and an energy storage component is also connected between the internal combustion engine unit and the air storage tank to assist the internal combustion engine unit in performing work.

[0006] Preferably, the internal combustion engine unit includes a cylinder, a piston and a connecting rod connected to the piston, the piston is slidingly connected to the inside of the cylinder, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the piston.

[0007] Preferably, the circulation pipeline includes an intake manifold and an air supply pipe, the intake manifold and the air supply pipe are connected to each other, and the air supply pipe is connected to the air storage tank, the other end of the intake manifold is connected to the cylinder, an intake valve is installed at one end of the outer side of the intake manifold close to the cylinder, and an air supply valve is installed in the middle of the air supply pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the circulation pipeline also includes an intake manifold 2, which is connected to the outside of the cylinder, and an intake valve 2 is installed on the side of the intake manifold 2 facing the cylinder, and the other side of the intake manifold 2 is connected to the intake manifold 1, and an air storage valve is installed in the middle of the intake manifold 2.

[0009] Preferably, the energy storage assembly includes an air storage pipe, one end of which is connected to the air storage tank, and the other end of which is connected to the intake manifold 2. A buffer chamber is connected to the middle of the air storage pipe, and a buffer valve is installed in the middle of one side of the air storage pipe close to the air storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of exhaust pipes are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder, and an exhaust valve is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe.

[0011] A method for an internal combustion engine working cycle based on compressed air energy storage and release comprises the following steps: S1. Internal combustion engine intake, air enters the internal combustion engine; S2. The air tank is charged, and the internal combustion engine enters the compression phase. The opening time of intake valve 2 is extended, and the piston moves upward to squeeze the air, forcing some air out of intake valve 2 and into the buffer chamber. The high-pressure air then passes through the buffer valve and is stored in the air tank. S3. The internal combustion engine generates power. As the piston pushes the air upward, intake valve 2 closes and fuel is injected. The spark plug ignites the fuel, and the piston moves downward to generate power. S4. Cylinder air replenishment: During the intake phase of the internal combustion engine, the air replenishment valve is opened, and the compressed gas in the air tank is discharged and enters the cylinder together with the external air, completing the air replenishment. S5. Loop through steps S1, S2, S3, and S4.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder head is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal working state of the cylinder.

[0013] Pressure sensors are installed inside the gas storage tank and the buffer chamber to monitor the energy storage and gas replenishment status of the gas storage tank.

[0014] Working principle: External air first enters the internal combustion engine through intake manifold 1 and intake valve 1. At this time, the compressed gas inside the air tank enters together with the external air and pushes the piston downward, thus replenishing the power of the cylinder to achieve air intake. No fuel is injected during this process. The piston then moves upward to squeeze the air, and the internal combustion engine enters the compression stage. At this time, intake valve 1 is closed, and intake valve 2 is closed with a delay. After the piston moves upward for a specific stroke, intake valve 2 is closed. Part of the air is squeezed and discharged from intake valve 2, and is transported to the inside of the air storage pipe through intake manifold 2. Then, it passes through the buffer chamber and buffer valve and enters the air storage tank for storage. After the piston moves upward for a specific stroke, intake valve 2 is closed. At this time, fuel is injected through the fuel injector. After the piston moves to the end, the spark plug is activated to ignite the atomized fuel, and the piston is pushed and moves downward to perform work, thus completing the cycle.

[0015] The present invention provides an internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention connects the air storage tank with the air intake duct and is based on the Miller cycle. By extending the closing time of the second intake valve, part of the high-pressure gas is compressed into the buffer chamber during the compression process, and the gas then enters the air storage tank through the buffer chamber, thereby achieving the effect of compressed air energy storage, making up for the problem that traditional air storage tanks cannot be replenished in time, and greatly improving the utilization rate.

[0016] 2. The present invention allows more air to enter the cylinder by extending the opening time of the intake valve, thereby further improving thermal efficiency.

[0017] 3. The present invention delivers a portion of the gas into the gas storage tank through the second intake valve to reduce the actual compression ratio and increase the expansion ratio to improve the knock phenomenon during the operation of the internal combustion engine unit and reduce emissions.

[0018] 4. When the power of the internal combustion engine needs to change instantaneously, the present invention adds high-pressure gas to the cylinder to increase the instantaneous power of the internal combustion engine and reduce the time required for the instantaneous power change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the internal combustion engine working cycle device in the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1. Connecting rod; 2. Piston; 3. Cylinder; 4. Exhaust valve; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Intake manifold 1; 7. Intake valve 1; 8. Intake manifold 2; 9. Air storage tank; 10. Buffer valve; 11. Buffer chamber; 12. Air storage pipe; 13. Intake valve 2; 14. Air storage valve; 15. Air supply valve; 16. Air supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example: Please see the attached Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release, including an internal combustion engine unit and an air storage tank 9, the internal combustion engine unit and the air storage tank 9 are connected by a circulation pipeline for realizing gas recovery and replenishment inside the internal combustion engine unit, the internal combustion engine unit includes a cylinder 3, a piston 2 and a connecting rod 1 connected to the piston 2, the piston 2 is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder 3, and the connecting rod 1 is rotatably connected to the outside of the piston 2. When the internal combustion engine unit is working, the fuel is ignited inside the cylinder 3 by the spark plug and pushes the piston 2 to do work. The piston 2 drives the connecting rod 1 to move and reciprocate to complete power output. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. A plurality of exhaust pipes 5 are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder 3, and an exhaust valve 4 is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe 5. When the internal combustion engine unit is exhausting, the exhaust valve 4 is opened to discharge the gas from the exhaust pipe 5 to the external environment.

[0023] The circulation pipeline includes the intake manifold 6 and the air supply pipe 16. The intake manifold 6 and air supply pipe 16 are interconnected, and the air supply pipe 16 is connected to the air storage tank 9. The other end of the intake manifold 6 is connected to the cylinder 3. External air can be transported into the cylinder 3 through the intake manifold 6 to replenish the air in the internal combustion engine. The end of the intake manifold 6 near the cylinder 3 is equipped with an intake valve 7. The opening and closing of the intake valve 7 completes the injection of air and the sealing of the internal space of the cylinder 3. The air supply valve 15 is installed in the middle of the air supply pipe 16. The air supply valve 15 is used to cut off the air supply pipe 16. When the air supply pipe 16 is opened during the air supply process, the high-pressure gas in the air storage tank 9 enters the intake manifold 6 through the air supply pipe 16, mixes with the air originally in the intake manifold 6, and then enters the cylinder 3, completing the air supply.

[0024] The circulation pipeline also includes an intake manifold 2 8, which is connected to the outside of the cylinder 3, and an intake valve 2 13 is installed on the side of the intake manifold 2 8 facing the cylinder 3. The other side of the intake manifold 2 8 is connected to the intake manifold 1 6. By extending the opening time of the intake valve 2 13, the air entering the cylinder 3 can re-enter the intake manifold 2 8 and enter the intake manifold 1 6 after being guided by the intake manifold 2 8, thus realizing a small circulation. An air storage valve 14 is installed in the middle of the intake manifold 2 8, and the air storage valve 14 is used to control the direction of the reflux gas.

[0025] An energy storage assembly is also connected between the internal combustion engine and the gas tank 9 to assist the internal combustion engine in generating power. This assembly includes an air pipe 12, one end of which is connected to the gas tank 9 and the other end to the intake manifold 8. After the opening time of the second intake valve 13 is extended, compressed air enters the interior of the intake manifold 8 and flows along the air pipe 12 into the gas tank 9 to complete energy storage. A buffer chamber 11 is connected to the middle of the air pipe 12, providing a pressure relief space for the incoming compressed gas, preventing high-pressure shock pressure from directly impacting the gas tank 9. A buffer valve 10 is installed in the middle of the air pipe 12 near the gas tank 9. The opening and closing of the air inlet of the air tank 9 is achieved by the buffer valve 10. When the air pressure inside the air tank 9 is low, the compressed air entering from the intake valve 2 13 enters the buffer chamber 11 along the intake manifold 2 8 and the air storage pipe 12 for buffering, and finally enters the air tank 9 for storage after passing through the buffer valve 10. Pressure sensors are installed inside the air tank 9 and the buffer chamber 11 to monitor the energy storage and air replenishment status of the air tank 9. The air pressure inside the air tank 9 and the buffer chamber 11 is monitored by the pressure sensor. When the internal pressure of the air tank 9 exceeds the threshold, the buffer valve 10 is closed and the air storage valve 14 is opened. At this time, the compressed air discharged from the intake valve 2 13 re-enters the intake manifold 1 6 to achieve self-circulation, thereby avoiding damage to the air tank 9 due to excessive pressure.

[0026] As part of the present invention, this embodiment also provides an internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release, comprising the following steps: S1. Intake of the internal combustion engine: External air enters the internal combustion engine through intake manifold 6 and intake valve 7. In this step, piston 2 moves downward, generating negative pressure to draw air in. Unlike the prior art, this process does not involve the injection of fuel. S2. The air storage tank 9 is charged and the internal combustion engine unit enters the compression stage. At this time, the opening time of the intake valve 2 13 is extended, and the piston 2 moves upward to squeeze the air, pushing part of the air out from the intake valve 2 13 and into the buffer chamber 11. The high-pressure air enters the air storage tank 9 for storage after passing through the buffer valve 10. In this step, the intake valve 1 7 is first closed, and the intake valve 2 13 is closed with a delay. The piston 2 moves upward for a specific stroke and then closes the intake valve 2 13. At this time, the air squeezed during the upward movement of the piston 2 is discharged from the intake valve 2 13 and transported to the air storage pipe 12 through the intake manifold 2 8. It then passes through the buffer chamber 11 and the buffer valve 10 and enters the air storage tank 9 for storage. During this process, the air storage valve 14 is in a closed state, and the compressed air undergoes a large circulation.

[0027] S3. The internal combustion engine performs work. During the phase in which piston 2 squeezes air upward, intake valve 2 13 is closed and fuel is injected. The spark plug ignites the fuel, and piston 2 moves downward to perform work. After piston 2 has traveled a specific distance upward, intake valve 2 13 is closed and fuel is injected through the fuel injector. After piston 2 reaches the end of its travel, the spark plug is activated to ignite the atomized fuel, pushing piston 2 downward to perform work.

[0028] S4. Cylinder 3 is replenished with air. During the intake phase of the internal combustion engine, the air replenishment valve 15 is opened, and the compressed air in the air tank 9 is discharged and enters the cylinder 3 together with the external air, completing the air replenishment. In this step, the buffer valve 10 is in a closed state. After the air replenishment valve 15 is opened, the high-pressure air in the air tank 9 is discharged along the air replenishment pipe 16 and enters the intake manifold 6. Together with the air in the intake manifold 6, it enters the cylinder 3 from the intake valve 7, thereby pushing the piston 2 downward, thereby realizing the power replenishment of the cylinder 3, thereby assisting the start-up of the internal combustion engine and improving the equipment's adaptability.

[0029] S5. Loop through steps S1, S2, S3, and S4.

[0030] The cylinder head of cylinder 3 is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal working state of cylinder 3. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are used to monitor the internal working environment of cylinder 3 in real time and to adjust the opening and closing of the gas storage valve 14 and the buffer valve 10 to ensure the normal operation of the internal combustion engine.

[0031] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release, comprising an internal combustion engine unit and an air storage tank (9), characterized in that: The internal combustion engine set and the gas storage tank (9) are connected via a circulation pipeline for recovering and replenishing gas within the internal combustion engine set. An energy storage component is also connected between the internal combustion engine set and the gas storage tank (9) for assisting the internal combustion engine set in performing work.

2. The internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal combustion engine unit comprises a cylinder (3), a piston (2), and a connecting rod (1) connected to the piston (2); the piston (2) is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder (3), and the connecting rod (1) is rotatably connected to the outside of the piston (2).

3. The internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline includes an intake manifold (6) and an air supply pipe (16), the intake manifold (6) and the air supply pipe (16) are connected to each other, and the air supply pipe (16) is connected to the air storage tank (9), the other end of the intake manifold (6) is connected to the cylinder (3), an intake valve (7) is installed at one end of the outer side of the intake manifold (6) close to the cylinder (3), and an air supply valve (15) is installed in the middle of the air supply pipe (16).

4. The internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline also includes an intake manifold 2 (8), the intake manifold 2 (8) is connected to the outside of the cylinder (3), and an intake valve 2 (13) is installed on the side of the intake manifold 2 (8) facing the cylinder (3), the other side of the intake manifold 2 (8) is connected to the intake manifold 1 (6), and an air storage valve (14) is installed in the middle of the intake manifold 2 (8).

5. The internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage assembly includes an air storage pipe (12), one end of the air storage pipe (12) is connected to the air storage tank (9), and the other end of the air storage pipe (12) is connected to the intake manifold 2 (8). A buffer chamber (11) is connected to the middle of the air storage pipe (12), and a buffer valve (10) is installed in the middle of one side of the air storage pipe (12) close to the air storage tank (9).

6. The internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of exhaust pipes (5) are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder (3), and an exhaust valve (4) is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe (5).

7. A method for an internal combustion engine working cycle based on compressed air energy storage and release, characterized in that: An internal combustion engine working cycle device based on compressed air energy storage and release as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1. Internal combustion engine intake, air enters the internal combustion engine; S2. The air storage tank (9) is charged, and the internal combustion engine enters the compression stage. At this time, the opening time of the second intake valve (13) is extended, and the piston (2) moves upward to squeeze the air, pushing part of the air out from the second intake valve (13) and into the buffer chamber (11). The high-pressure air enters the air storage tank (9) after passing through the buffer valve (10) and is stored; S3. The internal combustion engine performs work. During the stage when the piston squeezes the air upward, the second intake valve (13) is closed and fuel is injected. The spark plug ignites the fuel and the piston (2) moves downward to perform work. S4. Cylinder (3) air supply, the internal combustion engine intake stage, open the air supply valve (15), the compressed gas inside the gas tank (9) is discharged, and enters the cylinder (3) together with the external gas to complete the air supply; S5. Loop through steps S1, S2, S3, and S4.

8. The internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder (3) head is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal working state of the cylinder (3).

9. The internal combustion engine working cycle method based on compressed air energy storage and release according to claim 7, characterized in that: Pressure sensors are installed inside the gas storage tank (9) and the buffer chamber (11) for monitoring the energy storage and gas replenishment status of the gas storage tank (9).

Images