Method for evaluating electromagnetic interference of electromagnetic receiving equipment of shipborne launch type flight vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electromagnetic interference test evaluation methods of shipborne launch type flight vehicle electromagnetic receiving equipment, it is related to modern surface warship electromagnetic compatibility overall design and test technical field, including: for high-power radiation source equipment and carrier flight process, by simulation prediction and actual test, obtain the typical electromagnetic environment of flight vehicle whole process;The electromagnetic safety of electromagnetic receiving equipment is analyzed and clarified, whether the electromagnetic receiving equipment exists burnout risk during test process is preliminarily evaluated;In combination with the working requirement of high-power radiation source on each stage ship platform, determine electromagnetic interference test test point;The electromagnetic receiving equipment on flight vehicle is carried out on-land electromagnetic interference real installation simulation test according to electromagnetic interference test test point, and the interference state of electromagnetic receiving equipment is clarified and electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures are formulated.The electromagnetic compatibility evaluation problem of high-power radiation source of flight vehicle and ship platform can be solved by the application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility overall design and testing technology for modern surface ships, specifically to a method for testing and evaluating electromagnetic interference of electromagnetic receiving equipment on a shipborne launch vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, shipborne launch vehicles (such as guided aircraft and UAVs) are widely equipped with electromagnetic receiving equipment payloads that employ passive receiving systems, such as reconnaissance equipment and microwave passive guidance equipment. In particular, some vehicles using this system correct their flight trajectory during flight by detecting external signals such as radiation information from target sources, exhibiting a fire-and-forget characteristic.

[0003] In actual use on surface ships, aircraft equipped with electromagnetic receiving devices face complex electromagnetic interference problems. For example, the surface ship launching the aircraft also carries high-power radiation equipment for detection and communication to provide information support for the aircraft. In actual use, the frequencies of the shipborne high-power radiation equipment and the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft often overlap or are close. Both must be used compatiblely to effectively achieve their intended performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for testing and evaluating electromagnetic interference of electromagnetic receiving equipment on a shipborne launch vehicle, in order to solve the problem of evaluating the electromagnetic compatibility of high-power radiation sources on aircraft and ship platforms.

[0005] This invention provides a method for testing and evaluating electromagnetic interference of an electromagnetic receiving device on a shipborne launch vehicle, comprising:

[0006] For high-power radiation source equipment and vehicle flight process, the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire flight vehicle operation process is obtained through simulation prediction and actual testing;

[0007] Analyze and clarify the electromagnetic safety of electromagnetic receiving equipment in the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of the flight vehicle, and conduct a preliminary assessment of whether there is a risk of burn-out of the electromagnetic receiving equipment during the test process.

[0008] In response to the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of air vehicles, and in combination with the operational requirements of high-power radiation sources on ship platforms at various stages, the test sites for electromagnetic interference experiments were determined.

[0009] Conduct land-based electromagnetic interference simulation tests on the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft according to the electromagnetic interference test points, clarify the interference status of the electromagnetic receiving equipment, and formulate electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures.

[0010] In some instances, for high-power radiation source equipment and vehicle flight processes, the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire flight vehicle operation process is obtained through simulation prediction and actual testing, including:

[0011] Complete the theoretical prediction and simulation forecast of the electromagnetic environment of the high-power radiation source equipment on the ship. Verify the theoretical prediction by actually testing the electromagnetic environment of the main beam of the high-power radiation source prototype or equipment at different distances. If there is a difference in magnitude between the actual test results and the theoretical prediction, adjust the radiation source status and operating conditions. If the actual test results are comparable to the theoretical prediction, take the actual test results as the standard and correct the theoretical prediction accordingly.

[0012] The simulation prediction results and actual test results are compared and analyzed. Based on the causes of errors in the comparison process, the prediction model is corrected using the actual test results. Combined with the vehicle's flight trajectory, the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire flight vehicle operation process is predicted.

[0013] In some instances, the verification of theoretical predictions involves testing the electromagnetic environment at different distances from the main beam of a high-power radiation source prototype or equipment, including:

[0014] In the actual test, the high-power radiation source equipment was placed on the radiation source turntable, and several test points were arranged in sequence according to the preset interval. The horn antenna was placed at each test point, and the main beam of the high-power radiation source was ensured to cover the horn antenna. The horn antenna was connected to the spectrum analyzer to verify the theoretical prediction through the actual test results.

[0015] In some instances, the electromagnetic safety of electromagnetic receiving equipment is analyzed and clarified in light of the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of the flight vehicle, and a preliminary assessment is made as to whether there is a risk of the electromagnetic receiving equipment burning out during the test process, including:

[0016] The safe distance of the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment is determined by comparing its tolerance to the strong electromagnetic environment of a high-power radiation source with the predicted values ​​of the typical electromagnetic environment during the entire operation of the flight vehicle.

[0017] In some instances, the electromagnetic interference test sites are determined based on the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of air vehicles, combined with the operational requirements of high-power radiation sources on ship platforms at various stages. These include:

[0018] Based on the flight mission and load conditions of the vehicle, combined with the working time and flight attitude of the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the vehicle, the geometric positional relationship between the flight trajectory of the actual use of the vehicle and the high-power radiation source of the ship is determined. Based on the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire operation of the vehicle, the electromagnetic environment encountered by the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the vehicle is determined, the typical working state of the electromagnetic receiving equipment and the maximum electromagnetic environment that it may encounter are clarified, and the distance between the vehicle and the high-power radiation equipment when the maximum electromagnetic environment is formed is determined. Thus, the deployment positional relationship between the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment and the high-power radiation source equipment in the experiment is determined.

[0019] In some instances, the transmission conditions of shipborne high-power radiation sources during interference tests include: operating frequency, operating mission, radiation parameters for each mission, beam scanning range, and radiation power. The beam scanning range should cover the area where the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test is located.

[0020] In some instances, the operating conditions of the electromagnetic receiving device under test in interference tests include: setting the operating frequency, bandwidth, pulse width, and repetition period, and setting the operating conditions of the matching signal source device according to the set operating conditions of the device under test.

[0021] In some instances, the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft is subjected to a land-based electromagnetic interference simulation test at the electromagnetic interference test points to clarify the interference state of the electromagnetic receiving equipment, including:

[0022] Based on the deployment location relationship between the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment and the high-power radiation source equipment during the test, the shipborne high-power radiation source equipment, the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment, the matching equipment, and the electromagnetic environment monitoring equipment were deployed.

[0023] Before the interference test begins, the beam of the shipborne high-power radiation source is guided by an active signal deployed in the test area to ensure that the beam is directed at the deployment point during the test. During the test, the electromagnetic environment of the deployment point is tested and compared in real time.

[0024] According to the transmission conditions of the shipborne high-power radiation source in the interference test and the operating conditions of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test in the interference test, the operating conditions of the shipborne radiation source equipment, the equipment under test and the supporting equipment were set one by one, and the interference phenomenon of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test was recorded.

[0025] In some instances, the formulation of electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures includes:

[0026] If interference occurs, adjust the radiation parameters one by one according to the working settings of the shipborne high-power radiation source equipment, repeat the test, record the interference phenomenon, until the electromagnetic receiving equipment successfully resists interference.

[0027] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The evaluation of the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the launch vehicle's ability to withstand complex electromagnetic environments with high-power radiation sources can be solved through pre-land testing, thus mitigating the electromagnetic radiation hazards to the launch vehicle. It can also solve the technical bottleneck of electromagnetic compatibility evaluation for shipborne guided aircraft, UAVs, etc., to operate normally in the complex electromagnetic environment of the ship, and support the overall optimization design of electromagnetic compatibility for surface ships.

[0029] (2) It closely resembles the actual operating environment and can more realistically evaluate the electromagnetic interference resistance performance of shipborne launch vehicles in the actual working environment; it fills the gap that the current standards cannot guide related tests and evaluations, and effectively solves the electromagnetic compatibility problem between the flight vehicle and high-power radiation sources such as shipborne radar and communication. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-power radiation source equipment and test point setup for the electromagnetic environment measurement steps of a high-power radiation source on a ship, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the instrument connection relationship of the test points in the actual measurement steps of the electromagnetic environment of a high-power radiation source on a ship provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the high-power radiation source and the tested equipment in the flight process interference test procedure provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the following description, specific embodiments of the invention will be illustrated with reference to steps and symbols performed by one or more computers, unless otherwise stated. Therefore, these steps and operations will be referred to several times as being performed by a computer, and computer execution as referred to herein includes operations by a computer processing unit representing electronic signals of data in a structured format. This operation transforms the data or maintains it at a location in the computer's memory system, which can be reconfigured or otherwise alter the operation of the computer in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The data structure maintained by the data is the physical location of the memory, which has specific characteristics defined by the data format. However, the principles of the invention described above are not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art will understand that many of the following steps and operations can also be implemented in hardware.

[0036] The terms "module" or "unit" as used herein can be considered as software objects executing on the computing system. Different components, modules, engines, and services described herein can be considered as implementations on the computing system. The apparatus and methods described herein are preferably implemented in software, but can also be implemented in hardware, both of which are within the scope of this invention.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0038] This invention addresses the potential for insufficient or overly stringent assessments in electromagnetic interference evaluation design by proposing a new testing method that better reflects the actual use of equipment. Before the equipment is deployed on ships, land-based simulation tests are conducted to comprehensively and effectively evaluate the interference situation of shipborne launch vehicles. This saves testing time after deployment and mitigates electromagnetic compatibility risks in the actual use of the equipment in advance. This is of great significance for researching electromagnetic compatibility optimization design during the collaborative use of ship information equipment.

[0039] This invention provides an electromagnetic interference (EMI) testing and evaluation method for electromagnetic receiving equipment on a shipborne launch vehicle, addressing the issue of EMI evaluation for shipborne launch vehicles and filling gaps in standards and specifications. The method includes: obtaining the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire flight process of the launch vehicle through simulation prediction and actual testing, considering the high-power radiation source equipment and the vehicle's flight process; analyzing the electromagnetic environment faced by the vehicle to clarify the electromagnetic safety of the electromagnetic receiving equipment and preliminarily assessing the risk of burnout during the test; determining the EMI test locations and typical operating conditions of the radiation source equipment based on the operational requirements of the high-power radiation source on the ship platform at each stage of the flight process (see step 6 for details); and conducting a land-based EMI simulation test on the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the launch vehicle to clarify the interference state of the electromagnetic receiving equipment and formulate electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Complete the theoretical estimation and simulation prediction of the electromagnetic environment of the high-power radiation source on the ship. Commercial software (such as HFSS based on finite element method) can be used to obtain the near and far fields of radiation from the high-power radiation source. The simulation results can be provided to the tested equipment in advance for evaluation, analysis and improvement optimization.

[0041] Step 2: Conduct on-site electromagnetic environment measurements of the high-power radiation source on the ship. Verify the correctness of theoretical calculations by testing the electromagnetic environment of the main beam of the high-power radiation source prototype or equipment at different distances. If the test results differ by an order of magnitude from the theoretical values, check the integrity of the radiation source and the correctness of its operating conditions. If the differences are comparable, the test results should be taken as the standard, and the theoretical prediction algorithm should be revised. The setup of a high-power radiation source device and test points during the experiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. During the experiment, the horn antenna was positioned at each measuring point, and the instrument connections were as follows. Figure 2 As shown, ensure that the main beam of the high-power radiation source is positioned to cover the horn antenna;

[0042] Step 3: Compare and analyze the predicted data (simulation calculation results from Step 1) and the test data (actual measurement results from Step 2). There is an error between the simulated and measured values. The reasons for this error are: inconsistencies in the measured antenna efficiency, radome loss, and array element damage rate of the high-power radiation source equipment, as well as the influence of other factors such as the response efficiency of the experimental measuring instruments during the actual measurement. Generally speaking, the simulated value is slightly larger than the measured value. During the data comparison process, it is necessary to analyze the causes of the error, use the test values ​​from Step 2 to correct the prediction model, and combine this with the vehicle's flight trajectory to further predict the electromagnetic environment experienced by the vehicle throughout its flight, i.e., the electromagnetic environment corresponding to different locations.

[0043] Step 4: Predict the "burn-out" resistance characteristics of the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment. Compare the equipment's tolerance to strong electromagnetic environments from high-power radiation sources with the predicted electromagnetic environment values ​​provided in Step 3 to determine the safe distance for the tested equipment. The electromagnetic safety of the receiving equipment is theoretically analyzed using the classic far-field electromagnetic interference power coupling formula. Where P is the peak value of the receiving antenna coupling power of the electromagnetic receiving device, and E is the electromagnetic environment field strength test result (converted to peak value). G is the operating wavelength of the radiation source, and G is the gain of the receiving antenna of the electromagnetic receiving device.

[0044] Step 5: Determine the geometrical relationship between the flight trajectory of the aircraft and the high-power radiation source on the ship during actual use. This is based on the aircraft's flight mission and the load conditions during that mission, combined with the operational timing (power-on, interception, tracking, etc.) and flight attitude of the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft. Building upon the electromagnetic environment study of the high-power radiation source throughout the aircraft's flight in Step 3, determine the electromagnetic environment encountered by the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft, clarify its typical operating state and the maximum electromagnetic environment it may encounter, and simultaneously determine the distance between the aircraft and the high-power radiation equipment when this maximum electromagnetic environment is formed. This will determine the deployment positional relationship between the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment and the high-power radiation source equipment during the experiment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a shipborne high-power radiation source and the tested equipment during a certain experiment.

[0045] Step 6: Determine the transmission conditions of the shipborne high-power radiation source during the interference test, including: operating frequency, operating task, radiation parameters for each task (including but not limited to: pulse width, repetition period, number of pulses, number of pulse groups, wave position dwell time, etc.), beam scanning (pointing) range, and radiated power. The beam scanning (pointing) range should generally cover the area where the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test is located.

[0046] Step 7: Determine the operating conditions of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test during the interference test, including: set the operating frequency, bandwidth, pulse width, repetition period, etc., and set the operating conditions of the matching signal source equipment according to the set operating conditions of the equipment under test.

[0047] Step 8: Deploy shipborne high-power radiation source equipment, electromagnetic receiving equipment under test, testing equipment, electromagnetic environment monitoring equipment, etc., according to the relative positional relationship determined in Step 5.

[0048] Step 9: Before the interference test begins, the beam of the shipborne high-power radiation source is guided by an active signal deployed in the test area to ensure that the beam points to the deployment point during the test. During the test, electromagnetic environment monitoring methods in the time and frequency domains are used to test and compare the electromagnetic environment at the test deployment point in real time.

[0049] Step 10: According to the parameters specified in Steps 6 and 7, set the operating conditions of the shipborne radiation source equipment, the tested equipment, and the supporting equipment one by one, and record the interference phenomenon of the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment.

[0050] If interference occurs, adjust the radiation parameters one by one according to the working settings of the shipborne high-power radiation source equipment, repeat the test, record the interference phenomenon, and the electromagnetic receiving equipment can successfully resist interference.

[0051] During the test, the determination of whether the electromagnetic receiving device under test is interfered with is based on the working principle of the load device and its relevant technical requirements or standard specifications.

[0052] The electromagnetic interference test and evaluation method for an electromagnetic receiving device on a shipborne launch vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing and evaluating electromagnetic interference of an electromagnetic receiving device on a shipborne launch vehicle, characterized in that, include: For high-power radiating equipment and flight vehicles, the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire flight vehicle operation process is obtained through simulation prediction and actual testing; Analyze and clarify the electromagnetic safety of electromagnetic receiving equipment in the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of the flight vehicle, and conduct a preliminary assessment of whether there is a risk of burn-out of the electromagnetic receiving equipment during the test process. In response to the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operation of air vehicles, and in combination with the operational requirements of high-power radiating equipment mounted on ship platforms at various stages, the test sites for electromagnetic interference were determined. Conduct land-based electromagnetic interference simulation tests on electromagnetic receiving equipment on aircraft according to electromagnetic interference test points, clarify the interference status of electromagnetic receiving equipment and formulate electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures. The above-mentioned electromagnetic environment for high-power radiating equipment and flight vehicles is obtained through simulation prediction and actual testing, including: Complete the theoretical prediction and simulation forecast of the electromagnetic environment of the high-power radiation equipment on the ship. Verify the theoretical prediction by actually testing the electromagnetic environment of the main beam of the high-power radiation equipment prototype or equipment at different distances. If there is a difference in magnitude between the actual test results and the theoretical prediction, adjust the state and operating conditions of the high-power radiation equipment. If the actual test results are comparable to the theoretical prediction, take the actual test results as the standard and correct the theoretical prediction accordingly. The simulation prediction results and actual test results are compared and analyzed. Based on the causes of errors in the comparison process, the prediction model is corrected using the actual test results. Combined with the flight trajectory of the flight vehicle, the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire working process of the flight vehicle is predicted. The electromagnetic environment during the entire operation of air vehicles, combined with the operational requirements of high-power radiating equipment on ship platforms at various stages, determines the test locations for electromagnetic interference testing, including: Based on the flight mission and load conditions of the aircraft, combined with the working time and flight attitude of the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft, the geometric positional relationship between the flight trajectory of the aircraft and the high-power radiating equipment on the ship during actual use is determined. Based on the typical electromagnetic environment of the entire working process of the aircraft, the electromagnetic environment encountered by the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft is determined, the typical working state of the electromagnetic receiving equipment and the maximum electromagnetic environment that it may encounter are clarified, and the distance between the aircraft and the high-power radiating equipment when the maximum electromagnetic environment is formed is determined. Thus, the deployment positional relationship between the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment and the high-power radiating equipment in the experiment is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification of theoretical predictions by testing the electromagnetic environment at different distances from the main beam of a high-power radiation equipment prototype or equipment includes: In the actual test, the high-power radiation equipment was placed on the radiation source turntable, and several test points were arranged in sequence according to the preset interval. The horn antenna was placed at each test point, and the main beam of the high-power radiation equipment was ensured to cover the horn antenna. The horn antenna was connected to the spectrum analyzer to verify the theoretical prediction through the actual test results.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The analysis addresses the typical electromagnetic environment throughout the entire operational process of the flight vehicle, clarifying the electromagnetic safety of the electromagnetic receiving equipment and conducting a preliminary assessment of whether the equipment is at risk of burn-out during the test, including: The safe distance of the tested electromagnetic receiving equipment is determined by comparing its tolerance to the strong electromagnetic environment of a high-power radiating device with the predicted value of the typical electromagnetic environment during the entire operation of the flight vehicle.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission conditions of shipborne high-power radiating equipment during interference tests include: operating frequency, operating task, radiation parameters of each task, beam scanning range, and radiated power. The beam scanning range should cover the area where the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test is located.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operating conditions of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test in the interference test include: setting the operating frequency, bandwidth, pulse width and repetition period, and setting the operating conditions of the matching signal source equipment according to the set operating conditions of the equipment under test.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The above-mentioned simulation test of electromagnetic interference on land, conducted on the electromagnetic receiving equipment on the aircraft according to the electromagnetic interference test points, to clarify the interference state of the electromagnetic receiving equipment, includes: Based on the deployment relationship between the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test and the high-power radiating equipment during the test, the shipborne high-power radiating equipment, the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test, the matching equipment, and the electromagnetic environment monitoring equipment were deployed. Before the interference test begins, the beam of the shipborne high-power radiation equipment is guided by an active signal deployed in the test area to ensure that the beam is directed at the deployment point during the test. During the test, the electromagnetic environment of the deployment point is tested and compared in real time. According to the transmission conditions of the shipborne high-power radiation equipment in the interference test and the operating conditions of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test in the interference test, the operating conditions of the shipborne radiation equipment, the equipment under test and the supporting equipment were set one by one, and the interference phenomenon of the electromagnetic receiving equipment under test was recorded.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formulation of electromagnetic compatibility optimization measures includes: If interference occurs, adjust the radiation parameters one by one according to the working settings of the shipborne high-power radiation equipment, repeat the test, record the interference phenomenon, until the electromagnetic receiving equipment successfully resists interference.

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