A GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power transmission line construction simulation, and discloses a GIS-based power transmission line pay-off simulation construction visual simulation method, comprising: acquiring line elevation data and calculating a terrain fingerprint sequence, and dividing a risk section according to a fingerprint value; generating a basic dynamic envelope for a medium-risk area, and superimposing an asymmetric compensation envelope driven by the fingerprint on a high-risk area; and performing spatial overlay analysis in GIS to identify collision risks, wherein the present application realizes accurate optimization configuration of computing resources through a hierarchical response mechanism driven by the terrain fingerprint, simultaneously fuses multi-source data features to construct an adaptive safety boundary, and improves the accuracy and reliability of construction safety prediction under complex terrain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a GIS-based visualization simulation method for power transmission line laying simulation construction, belonging to the field of power transmission line construction simulation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Current mainstream technologies rely on two independent data processing workflows: one is to generate a static catenary model based on GIS elevation data to verify the clearance between the traverse and the ground; the other is to simulate the dynamic process of traverse laying using professional mechanical simulation software to predict the traverse swing envelope. This dual-track working mode has gradually exposed its inherent limitations in engineering practice: on the one hand, the static model cannot characterize the dynamic risks in the construction process, leading to a disconnect between the design stage and construction safety management; on the other hand, the introduction of independent mechanical simulation requires the construction of a complex physical model, and its high computational resource consumption and data fragmentation with the GIS design platform make dynamic safety verification difficult to become a routine design step.

[0003] As ultra-high voltage power transmission projects extend into complex terrains, existing technologies face deeper contradictions. For example, risk prediction in areas with abrupt terrain changes, such as cliffs and canyons, relies on human experience and lacks quantitative data support. Furthermore, the uniform calculation strategy results in 90% of resources being consumed in low-risk sections, while resources are insufficient in high-risk areas that truly require precise verification. Moreover, the lag in response to sudden disturbances such as gusts creates safety blind spots in existing models under critical operating conditions. Although the industry has attempted to alleviate these contradictions by improving simulation accuracy or increasing sensor deployment, this has further exacerbated system complexity and implementation costs, failing to break through the inherent pattern that high-precision simulation inevitably involves high resource consumption.

[0004] Specifically, existing technologies suffer from the following bottlenecks: 1. The separation between dynamic risk perception and static data processing leads to construction safety verification being detached from the main design process; 2. The mismatch between computational resource allocation and terrain risk levels restricts efficient safety assessment of large-scale lines; 3. Lack of adaptability to extreme terrain and sudden disturbances poses a risk of model failure at key risk points. Therefore, how to construct a dynamic safety prediction method that is deeply integrated with a GIS design platform and can adapt to terrain risk classification, while ensuring accurate verification of key areas and achieving essential optimization of computational resources, is the technical problem to be solved by this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a GIS-based visualization simulation method for power transmission line laying construction. Its main purpose is to solve the problems of separation between dynamic safety verification and static design processes, inefficient allocation of computing resources, and insufficient adaptability to extreme working conditions in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a GIS-based visualization simulation method for power transmission line laying construction, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The elevation data sequence of the route is obtained, which contains discrete elevation sampling points and their corresponding geographic coordinates. Based on the elevation sampling points, the terrain fingerprint sequence is calculated. Each terrain fingerprint value in the terrain fingerprint sequence is obtained by extracting elevation sampling points along the route with a predetermined sampling step size and calculating the slope change rate of the line connecting adjacent elevation sampling points.

[0008] Based on the statistical distribution range of the terrain fingerprint values, the route path is divided into a first risk section, a second risk section, and a third risk section. The terrain fingerprint value of the first risk section is less than the first threshold, the terrain fingerprint value of the second risk section is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, and the terrain fingerprint value of the third risk section is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0009] For the second risk section, a basic dynamic envelope is generated by consulting a preset parameter table based on the transmission line parameters. The basic dynamic envelope consists of a static catenary and a specific swing margin, which is determined according to the line voltage level.

[0010] For the third risk segment, an asymmetric compensation envelope is superimposed on the basic dynamic envelope to form an enhanced dynamic envelope. The size of the asymmetric compensation envelope and the terrain fingerprint value satisfy the following functional relationship: ,in, As a monotonically increasing function, the direction of the asymmetric compensation envelope is determined based on the slope change direction reflected by the terrain fingerprint value. In the 3D scene of the geographic information system, the basic dynamic envelope and the enhanced dynamic envelope are spatially overlaid with the land feature model along the line to identify and highlight any collision points formed by land features that intrude into the envelope, thereby visually warning of the dynamic safety risks of power transmission line laying construction.

[0011] Preferably, the acquisition of elevation data sequence includes: pre-scanning the elevation data of the line, obtaining its terrain type classification information, which is obtained according to the terrain classification rules in the Technical Specification for Surveying and Mapping of Overhead Transmission Lines; and deciding whether to start the calculation of terrain fingerprint sequence based on the terrain type classification information, and only starting the detailed calculation of terrain fingerprint sequence for the line section classified as mountainous.

[0012] Preferably, for the first risk zone, dynamic envelope generation is not performed; only a one-time static catenary sag calculation based on the set maximum tension is performed to verify the specified clearance distance with the ground.

[0013] Preferably, in the step of calculating the terrain fingerprint sequence, the slope change rate is obtained by calculating the second-order discrete approximation of the slope of the line connecting adjacent elevation sampling points.

[0014] Preferably, the specific swing margin is determined by looking up the information in a preset parameter table based on the line voltage level.

[0015] Preferably, after the spatial overlay analysis step, the method further includes: acquiring the acceleration sensor signals installed on the transmission towers along the line; identifying sudden disturbance events by calculating the acceleration derivative value of the acceleration sensor signals; if the acceleration derivative value is greater than the determined disturbance threshold, forcibly issuing a pause and tension maintenance construction command, and instantly expanding the size of the current visualization simulation envelope by a predetermined redundancy factor in the GIS environment to respond to the sudden disturbance event.

[0016] Preferably, the method further includes: in the step of generating the basic dynamic envelope, recording the fitting residual values ​​between the static catenary model and the actual elevation sampling points in the elevation data sequence; performing segmented statistical analysis on the fitting residual value sequence to calculate the skewness or kurtosis value of each segment; and, based on the skewness or kurtosis value exceeding the set warning threshold, visually warning the geologically unstable sections in the GIS 3D scene using an independent geological risk layer.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes: applying a simulated lateral force pulse to the conductor in the simulation model at the start of the simulation task or during a system idle period; identifying the inherent oscillation frequency and damping ratio of the line by analyzing the oscillation response curve of the conductor model under the simulated lateral force pulse; and adaptively calibrating the size of a specific swing margin or asymmetric compensation envelope based on the inherent oscillation frequency and damping ratio.

[0018] Preferably, the method further includes: when performing the step of calculating the terrain fingerprint sequence, executing the geometric mutation judgment logic in parallel; the geometric mutation judgment logic calculates the ratio of the vertical height difference to the horizontal distance between adjacent elevation sampling points; if the ratio is greater than a set mutation threshold, the elevation sampling point is marked as a mutation point; when the envelope generation logic processes the mutation point, the deterministic safe area generation logic is activated, the deterministic safe area generation logic generates a spherical envelope of a predetermined geometric size with the mutation point as the center; and the spherical envelope is spatially Boolean-fused with the basic dynamic envelope or enhanced dynamic envelope of the preceding and following segments to form the final safe envelope.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. Based on the slope change rate extracted from the high-program sequence, a terrain fingerprint sequence is generated. Combined with industry standards, the terrain type is predicted, so that the system only starts fine calculation for high-risk sections. This pre-diagnosis-dynamic allocation mechanism transforms the traditional uniform calculation load into an asymmetric load distribution according to the risk level. While ensuring the simulation accuracy of key areas, it reduces the processing pressure of ordinary computing terminals, making dynamic safety verification a natural extension of the routine design process.

[0021] 2. Based on the basic catenary model, a fixed swing margin is generated through voltage level parameters, and an asymmetric compensation envelope driven by terrain fingerprint values ​​is superimposed to form a hierarchical safety boundary. When the system detects abrupt changes in the acceleration sensor signal, the envelope redundancy expansion mechanism is automatically triggered. This three-level protection logic of steady-state modeling + dynamic compensation + sudden response enables the safety envelope to adapt to multi-dimensional variables such as terrain complexity, line characteristics, and instantaneous disturbances. While maintaining the computational architecture, it builds a risk defense system covering multiple working conditions. Furthermore, by utilizing the elevation residual sequence in the catenary fitting process, and through segmented statistical skewness / kurtosis analysis, the traditionally discarded computational byproducts are transformed into geological stability criteria. This mechanism does not rely on new hardware equipment, but only through the data closed loop inherent in the algorithm, that is, synchronously generating the construction safety envelope and geological risk layer in the GIS environment, giving the design system the ability to collaboratively analyze multi-dimensional risks.

[0022] 3. During simulation idle periods, standardized force pulses are applied, and the natural frequency and damping ratio characteristics of the line are inverted through the conductor oscillation response. This dynamic fingerprint automatically calibrates the fixed swing margin and the size parameters of the compensation envelope, enabling the steady-state lookup model to have the ability to self-evolve to adapt to the actual physical state of the line, effectively compensating for model drift caused by implicit variables such as environmental temperature changes and material creep. Parallel analysis of the height difference ratio of adjacent sampling points is performed. When a steep terrain feature is detected, it automatically switches to the spherical safety domain generation mode. This mechanism reuses the basic elevation data stream as the failure diagnosis signal of its own algorithm. Through the fusion strategy of pipeline envelope-spherical safety domain, the applicability risk of traditional models in discontinuous terrains such as cliffs and deep valleys is avoided while maintaining the stability of the main calculation process. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the hierarchical simulation and visual safety assessment of power transmission line path terrain fingerprint driven by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of computational resource allocation based on terrain risk level in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the construction suspension and envelope emergency expansion response based on acceleration derivative anomaly identification of the present invention.

[0026] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] This invention provides a GIS-based visualization simulation method for power transmission line layout construction. The aim is to establish a dynamic safety prediction procedure that is deeply coupled with a geographic information system and can adaptively allocate computing resources based on terrain risks. Its core technical process begins with the acquisition and feature processing of high-precision terrain data, followed by intelligent classification of risk zones based on these features. Subsequently, differentiated safety envelope generation strategies are implemented for zones with different risk levels. Finally, spatial overlay analysis and visual early warning of collision risks are completed in a unified GIS 3D scene. The entire process forms a closed-loop data flow from raw data input, risk quantification, adaptive model construction to final result output.

[0029] Traditional transmission line safety verification generally employs a uniform calculation strategy, resulting in significant resource redundancy in flat terrain sections and a lack of sufficient risk characterization accuracy in complex sections with drastic terrain changes. The method in this embodiment is configured to first perform quantitative identification of terrain risk. After system startup, it first acquires a discrete elevation data sequence along the transmission line path. This sequence contains a series of elevation sampling points with geographic coordinates. To ensure the specificity of the analysis, the system can pre-scan the line according to the terrain classification rules in the overhead transmission line survey technical regulations. Only when the line section is identified as mountainous is the subsequent terrain fingerprint calculation module activated. In this module, the system iterates along the line path at a predetermined sampling step size, calculating the slope of the line connecting each pair of adjacent elevation sampling points. Then, by calculating the rate of change of these slope values ​​along the line direction, i.e., the second-order discrete approximation of the slope, a terrain fingerprint sequence is generated. Each terrain fingerprint value in this sequence... This objectively quantifies the degree of local curvature or steepness of the terrain at the corresponding location, thus providing a direct and non-empirical data basis for subsequent risk classification.

[0030] After obtaining the complete terrain fingerprint sequence, to directly link the allocation of computing resources with actual terrain risks, the system will execute a risk zone division procedure based on statistical thresholds. This procedure does not rely on manual settings, but determines two core thresholds through statistical analysis of terrain fingerprint values ​​from a large amount of historical engineering data: the first threshold... The second threshold is typically set at the 75th percentile of this statistical distribution to distinguish between gently undulating and moderately undulating terrain; If the terrain fingerprint value is less than 95 percentile, it is set as the 95th percentile to isolate the most extreme areas of terrain change; accordingly, the system automatically divides the entire route into three sections with different risk levels: those with terrain fingerprint values ​​less than 95 percentile. The section was designated as the first risk section, with a terrain fingerprint value greater than or equal to [missing information]. and less than The section was designated as the second risk section, while the terrain fingerprint value was greater than or equal to The section is defined as the third risk section. In this way, the system transforms the originally continuous route into a non-uniform model composed of sections with different risk levels, laying the logical premise for subsequent differentiated and asymmetric simulation resource investment.

[0031] For the risk zones identified above, the system immediately initiates a hierarchical dynamic safety envelope generation mechanism to address the differentiated safety boundaries required for different risk levels. For paths marked as the first risk zone, the system determines that their dynamic risk is negligible, therefore no dynamic envelope is generated. Instead, only a static catenary sag calculation based on the set maximum tension is performed to verify whether the clearance between the catenary and the ground meets the regulations. This saves computational resources. For the second risk zone, the system generates a basic dynamic envelope, which consists of two parts: first, a standard static catenary model calculated based on the transmission line design parameters; second, a specific swing margin superimposed on this catenary. The size of this specific swing margin is obtained directly from a preset parameter table based on the current line voltage level. When the processing flow enters the third risk zone, which has the most complex terrain, the system superimposes an asymmetric compensation envelope on top of the already generated basic dynamic envelope for the second risk zone, forming an enhanced dynamic envelope. The size of this compensation envelope is designed to match the terrain fingerprint value that drives it. It strictly satisfies a monotonically increasing functional relationship, that is... For example, a linear function ,in Using a preset scaling factor, this design ensures that the more rugged the terrain, the greater the additional safety margin. Simultaneously, the superposition direction of the compensation envelope is directionally compensated based on the local dominant slope change direction reflected by the terrain fingerprint value, thus focusing on risk mitigation in key directions without unnecessarily increasing computational burden. Finally, to transform the above calculation results into visual outcomes for the construction site, the system will treat all basic and enhanced dynamic envelopes generated along the route as 3D geometric entities in the 3D scene of the geographic information system, and perform spatial overlay analysis with the 3D models already loaded in the scene and representing real terrain features. This analysis is essentially a series of spatial Boolean operations. The system will detect any terrain model that intrudes into the safety envelope geometry. Once an intersection or containment relationship is detected, the system will identify the intruding terrain part or contact point as a collision point and immediately highlight or render it with a special color in the 3D view. In this way, during the transmission line laying construction, the dynamic safety risks that may occur with the conductor under different terrain conditions are presented to the engineering planners in the form of a visual warning, enabling them to identify potential collision hazards in advance and formulate avoidance measures.

[0032] Example 1: In an ultra-high voltage transmission line project spanning a high mountain and canyon region, the line route needs to traverse a plateau several kilometers long with gentle terrain, and ultimately cross a V-shaped canyon over 300 meters deep with almost vertical cliffs on both sides. This condition presents a dilemma for construction safety prediction: if a uniform high-precision dynamic simulation is used for the entire line, computational resources will be concentrated on the simple terrain of the uninhabited plateau section, resulting in redundant costs and time; conversely, if static safety verification is used, it cannot reveal the dynamic swaying risk of the conductor during the extension process under the turbulent wind field environment of the canyon. In the digital design phase of this project, the described visualization simulation method was applied. The system first acquired an elevation data sequence covering the entire line route and then initiated terrain fingerprint calculation; in the long plateau section, the calculated terrain fingerprint values... Continuously below the preset first threshold Based on this, the system identifies these sections as the first-risk sections and performs only a one-time static catenary sag calculation to verify the ground clearance; when the route approaches and enters... In the case of canyons, drastic changes in elevation data lead to changes in terrain fingerprint values. continuously breaking through the first threshold Second threshold The system then identified the canyon entrance and cliff section as the third risk zone; in this critical area, the output of the terrain fingerprint calculation, i.e., the terrain fingerprint value, was... It is directly used as the input parameter for the enhanced dynamic envelope generation module, and the size of the asymmetric compensation envelope strictly follows the functional relationship. Continuous adjustments are made to maximize the redundancy of the safety envelope at the most precipitous parts of the cliff, and its compensation direction automatically points to the inside of the canyon.

[0033] The application of this method results in high-precision dynamic analysis being automatically limited to the most risky sections of the entire path, thus avoiding the necessity of high-cost simulations along the entire route. The final visualization output of the system in the GIS 3D scene is a non-uniform safety boundary, which manifests as a basic static clearance check in plateau sections, while in canyon areas it is an enhanced dynamic envelope with a full shape and close conformity to the terrain. As a result, engineers can observe that near a concave rock wall on one side of the canyon, this enhanced dynamic envelope marks a potential collision point that would not have been predicted using traditional static analysis. The application of this method transforms the project's safety verification process into a self-adjusting process based on objective data feedback. The system's computing resources are redistributed from low-risk areas and concentrated on key links that have a decisive impact on safety. The final delivery is a design scheme with sufficient safety margins for key risk sections while effectively controlling the overall computing load.

[0034] Example 2: To verify the actual performance of the terrain fingerprint-driven hierarchical response mechanism of the present invention under terrains of varying complexity, a comparative experiment was conducted. The aim was to quantify the performance of the method of the present invention in terms of computational resource consumption and safety prediction accuracy by comparing it with two benchmark methods: static catenary verification and full-process dynamic mechanical simulation. The experiment relied on an integrated simulation platform, which included a 3D scene rendering engine for a geographic information system, a high-precision multibody dynamics solver, and a computational resource monitoring module. The data source for the experiment consisted of three sets of standardized digital elevation models, used to simulate three typical terrains: Type A, a generally flat plateau; Type B, continuously undulating hills; and Type C, a canyon containing steep cliffs. During the experiment... The predetermined sampling step size used for terrain fingerprint calculation is a key setting parameter. The value of this parameter aims to balance the recognition accuracy of terrain features with the computational load. The inherent technical trade-off is that an excessively large step size may miss key micro-terrain changes due to the smoothing effect, while an excessively small step size will disproportionately increase the amount of data processing. Therefore, the setting rule is that, based on the original sampling interval of the input digital elevation model, the sampling step size can be appropriately increased to improve efficiency when performing risk prediction scanning. However, when entering the identified high-risk section for fine calculation, the sampling step size should be restored to the same level as the original data sampling interval. In this experiment, for the digital elevation model with an original sampling interval of 5 meters, the sampling step size was set to 5 meters.

[0035] In the experiment, three terrain models, A, B, and C, were loaded into the simulation platform in sequence. The static catenary verification method, the full-process dynamic mechanical simulation method, and the method of this invention were used to simulate the laying construction of a preset transmission line. Among them, the static method only verifies the static clearance under the maximum sag, the full-process dynamic simulation method performs a uniform standard dynamic calculation for the entire line, and the method of this invention automatically performs risk section division and hierarchical envelope generation according to its inherent logic. The platform synchronously records the calculation time of each method under each model and the final collision point identification results. The collision point identification is based on the results of the full-process dynamic mechanical simulation method. Table 1 shows the key performance data recorded in this experiment.

[0036] Table 1: Performance comparison of different methods under various terrain types.

[0037]

[0038] The data in Table 1 shows that for Type A plain terrain, the computation time of the method of this invention is only 5% of that of the full-process dynamic simulation, and no collision risk was found, just like the benchmark. This is because the method only performs basic static verification logic after identifying low-risk sections through terrain fingerprinting. For Type B and Type C terrains with potential risks, the static method failed to identify collision points, while the method of this invention is completely consistent with the benchmark results, accurately identifying collision risks. At the same time, its computation time is much lower than that of the full-process dynamic simulation. This result is a direct manifestation of the terrain fingerprint sequence as a risk identifier and directly triggering the hierarchical response mechanism. That is, the system automatically separates computing resources from risk-free sections and allocates them to high-risk sections as needed to generate the necessary enhanced dynamic envelope. The data from this experiment confirms that the method of this invention can obtain safety risk identification results consistent with high-precision full-process dynamic simulation in terrain environments of different complexities, while its computing resource consumption is significantly lower than the latter. This fact shows that the technical path provided by this invention provides a feasible technical solution to the problem of high resource consumption in dynamic safety verification.

[0039] Example 3: This example combines Figures 1 to 3 This paper describes a GIS-based visualization simulation method for power transmission line laying construction. Figure 1As shown, the system first calculates the rate of change of the terrain fingerprint sequence based on elevation and slope, and then divides risk zones according to the terrain fingerprint values. For areas with low risk levels, the system only performs static catenary sag calculation and verifies only the basic clearance. For medium-risk zones, the system generates a basic dynamic envelope static catenary plus a specific swing margin. For high-risk zones, an enhanced dynamic envelope basic envelope plus an asymmetric compensation envelope is further generated, which are then fused to form the final safety envelope. The system performs spatial overlay analysis in the GIS 3D scene and determines whether collision risk points are identified. If so, If collision risk points are identified, a visual warning of the collision points is executed by highlighting them; if no collision risk points are identified, the simulation ends. In addition, during the actual laying of the conductor, the system can receive acceleration sensor signals in real time and identify sudden disturbances. If a disturbance event is triggered, the system will forcibly expand the simulation envelope. At the same time, it can perform catenary fitting residual analysis and further analyze skewness / kurtosis to assess geological risks, and finally output a geological risk layer. In addition, during the simulation idle period, the system can also perform simulated force pulse excitation and automatically calibrate the model parameters by identifying the natural frequency and damping ratio of the line.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the line segments, labeled from segment 1 to segment 11; the vertical axis shows the percentage of calculated resource allocation on the left and the risk level on the right, corresponding to low, medium, and high levels respectively. The traditional uniform allocation, represented by circles, is drawn with dashed lines, maintaining a constant 10% across all line segments, reflecting the average strategy of the traditional method in resource allocation. The risk-adaptive allocation, marked with diamonds and represented by thick solid lines, dynamically adjusts according to the risk level of each line segment. It allocates only 2% in segments 1 to 3, increases to 8% in segments 4 to 7, and shows a significant increase in the high-risk segments 8 to 11. The risk level is increased to 20%, enabling resources to be focused on high-risk sections. The risk level, represented by a triangle, changes synchronously, maintaining a low-risk level from section 1 to section 3 (approximately 6.7%), rising to a medium level from section 4 to section 7, and reaching a high-risk level from section 8 to section 11 (approximately 13.3%). By highly coupling risk adaptive allocation with risk level, compared with the traditional fixed strategy of uniform allocation, this invention demonstrates that while ensuring the accuracy of safety simulation, it avoids or reduces resource consumption in low-risk sections, optimizes the overall simulation efficiency, and ensures the reliability and practicality of line safety assessment.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, if the derivative value exceeds 6 The threshold, representing an abnormal disturbance intensity, triggers a red alert. The safety decision-maker then calculates the redundancy factor M and immediately sends a pause command to the construction controller. Simultaneously, it requests an emergency envelope expansion, which is transmitted to the GIS platform for real-time adjustment of the envelope range in the visualization simulation, ensuring a safety margin during construction. If the derivative value is within the normal range, the safety decision-maker sends a green status code back to the signal processor, indicating a safe construction environment. The entire process encompasses the linkage mechanism between five modules: sensor network, signal processor, safety decision-maker, construction controller, and GIS platform. This ensures that abnormal acceleration derivatives are promptly identified and responded to. By triggering a red alert and redundancy factor control strategy, the emergency envelope expansion is completed. If the system identifies the signal as being within the normal range, it maintains a stable construction state and marks it as green.

[0042] Example 4: In a transmission line project with completed digital modeling, some core dynamic parameters in the simulation system, such as the specific swing margin constituting the basic dynamic envelope and the proportional coefficient in the asymmetric compensation envelope size function used to generate the enhanced dynamic envelope, are initially derived from a general parameter table. These general values ​​do not include the unique dynamic response characteristics of the current line due to actual construction tension or conductor batch differences, thus leaving a deviation between the theoretical model and the engineering entity. To align this deviation, before performing the formal line laying simulation, the system enters a self-calibration mode. In this mode, the system... Through virtual excitation response analysis, the inherent physical properties of the current line model are identified, and key simulation parameters are calibrated accordingly. After this process is started, the system applies a standardized simulated lateral force pulse to the midpoint of one or more representative spans of the conductor in the simulation environment. This force pulse is defined as a single-cycle sinusoidal force, and its amplitude and duration are determined according to the line voltage level and conductor specifications. Its amplitude is set within a range that does not induce plastic deformation of the conductor and is sufficient to excite observable oscillations. After the pulse ends, the system records the lateral displacement of the conductor in the subsequent time, forming an oscillation response curve.

[0043] The system then processes the acquired oscillation response curve data, converting the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The system then locates the peak point with the highest energy concentration in the spectrum, and the frequency corresponding to this peak point is identified as the inherent oscillation frequency of the current line span. Simultaneously, the system analyzes the amplitude ratio of two adjacent peaks on the oscillation response curve in the time-domain signal and takes its natural logarithm to calculate the line's damping ratio. These two identified physical parameters are used to calibrate simulation parameters. For a specific oscillation margin in the basic dynamic envelope, the system selects the corresponding value from a subset of the preset parameter table based on the identified natural oscillation frequency. For the enhanced dynamic envelope, its size function... Key proportional coefficients in Then according to the damping ratio The relationship can be expressed as follows: ,in This is a system reference constant whose value is related to the line safety level regulations. Through this self-calibration process, the values ​​of the core dynamic parameters in the simulation model include the identification results of the specific line physical characteristics. The subsequent calculation process of the generated dynamic safety envelope also includes this calibration. The final visualized simulation warning result reflects the impact of this calibration process.

[0044] Example 5: In the initial deployment phase of applying the method of the present invention to a specific line project, the system is configured to execute a terrain data pre-analysis procedure to set the threshold for the geometric abrupt change judgment logic. After the procedure is started, the system traverses and processes the complete line path elevation data sequence used in the current project, calculates the ratio of the vertical height difference to the horizontal distance between each pair of adjacent elevation sampling points, and generates a global statistical distribution of these ratios. Based on this statistical distribution, the abrupt change threshold for identifying abrupt change points is set to the value corresponding to the 99.9 percentile of the distribution. This setting directly correlates the determination of the threshold with the inherent geometric features of the specific terrain. After the initial installation of the accelerometers on the transmission towers along the line is completed, a sensor baseline noise calibration procedure is executed to set the disturbance threshold for sudden disturbance events. In this procedure, the system continuously records the accelerometer signals during a period of no construction activity and stable ambient wind speed, forming a baseline data. The system then calculates the acceleration derivative of the time series of the baseline signal and performs statistical analysis on these derivatives to calculate their standard deviation. Ultimately, the disturbance threshold used to trigger a pause command during formal construction monitoring was set to six times the standard deviation of the baseline acceleration derivative, i.e. .

[0045] Example 6: Before deploying the simulation system, the warning threshold in the geological risk warning module is calibrated using a statistical model construction procedure based on historical data. This procedure calls a database containing elevation data of multiple existing transmission line projects and corresponding geological survey reports. The system performs static catenary model fitting on the elevation data of each line in the database and extracts the fitted residual value sequence. Subsequently, the system slides along the residual sequence with a fixed window length, calculates the skewness and kurtosis values ​​of the residual values ​​within each window, and classifies these statistics into stable section datasets and unstable section datasets based on the geologically unstable sections marked in the geological survey reports. Finally, the warning threshold is set as the critical value for achieving the preset classification effect in both datasets. When responding to sudden disturbance events, the expansion factor of the visualization simulation envelope, i.e., the redundancy factor, is correlated with the disturbance intensity. This redundancy factor... Through function Perform calculations, where The derivative of the acceleration detected by the sensor. The perturbation threshold has been calibrated, and This is a dimensionless system safety factor, whose value is preset according to the engineering safety level requirements, and is also... Setting an upper limit to prevent excessive expansion of the envelope is an extension of the implementation that is known to those skilled in the art.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method, characterized in that, The method comprises: obtaining an elevation data sequence of a line path, the elevation data sequence containing discrete elevation sampling points and their corresponding geographic coordinates; calculating a terrain fingerprint sequence based on the elevation sampling points, each terrain fingerprint value in the terrain fingerprint sequence being obtained by extracting the elevation sampling points along the line path at a predetermined sampling step and calculating the slope change rate of the line connecting adjacent elevation sampling points; dividing the line path into a first risk section, a second risk section and a third risk section according to the statistical distribution range of the terrain fingerprint values, wherein the terrain fingerprint values of the first risk section are less than a first threshold value, the terrain fingerprint values of the second risk section are greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than a second threshold value, and the terrain fingerprint values of the third risk section are greater than or equal to the second threshold value; for the second risk section, consulting a preset parameter table based on the transmission line parameters to generate a basic dynamic envelope, the basic dynamic envelope being composed of a static catenary and a specific swing allowance, the specific swing allowance being determined according to the line voltage level; and For the third risk section, an asymmetric compensation envelope is superimposed on the basic dynamic envelope to form an enhanced dynamic envelope, the size of the asymmetric compensation envelope satisfies the following functional relationship with the terrain fingerprint value: wherein, is a monotonically increasing function, the direction of the asymmetric compensation envelope is determined according to the slope change direction reflected by the terrain fingerprint value; in the geographic information system three-dimensional scene, the basic dynamic envelope and the enhanced dynamic envelope are spatially superimposed with the ground object model along the line, and any collision point formed by the ground object invading the envelope is identified and highlighted, so as to visualize the dynamic safety risk of the power transmission line construction. for the first risk section, not performing dynamic envelope generation, but only performing one-time static catenary sag calculation based on the set maximum tension to verify the specified clearance distance from the ground; The method further comprises: executing the geometric mutation judgment logic in parallel when performing the step of calculating the terrain fingerprint sequence; the geometric mutation judgment logic calculates the ratio of the vertical height difference to the horizontal distance between adjacent elevation sampling points; if the ratio is greater than a set mutation threshold, the elevation sampling point is marked as a mutation point; when the envelope generation logic processes the mutation point, the deterministic safety area generation logic is activated, the deterministic safety area generation logic generates a spherical envelope of a predetermined geometric size centered on the mutation point; and the spherical envelope is spatially Boolean union fused with the basic dynamic envelope or the enhanced dynamic envelope of the front and rear sections to form the final safety envelope.

2. The GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the elevation data sequence comprises: pre-scanning the elevation data of the line, obtaining its terrain type classification information, and obtaining the terrain type classification information according to the terrain classification rules in the overhead transmission line survey technical regulations; and determining whether to start the calculation of the terrain fingerprint sequence according to the terrain type classification information, and only starting the detailed calculation of the terrain fingerprint sequence for the line section classified as a mountain type. 3.The GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of calculating the terrain fingerprint sequence, the slope change rate is obtained by calculating the second-order discrete approximation value of the slope of the line connecting adjacent elevation sampling points.

4. The GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of spatial overlay analysis, it further comprises: obtaining the acceleration sensor signal installed on the transmission tower along the line; identifying a sudden disturbance event by calculating the acceleration derivative value of the acceleration sensor signal; if the acceleration derivative value is greater than a determined disturbance threshold, a pause and tension maintenance construction instruction is forcibly issued, and the size of the current visual simulation envelope is instantaneously expanded by a predetermined redundancy multiple in the GIS environment to respond to the sudden disturbance event.

5. The GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further comprises: in the step of generating the base dynamic envelope, recording fitting residual values between the static catenary model and actual elevation sampling points in the elevation data sequence; performing piecewise statistical analysis on the fitting residual value sequence, and calculating skewness or kurtosis values of each piece; and according to the skewness or kurtosis values exceeding a set early warning threshold, visually warning unstable sections in the GIS three-dimensional scene in an independent geological risk layer.

6. The GIS-based transmission line stringing simulation construction visual simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further comprises: when the simulation task starts or during a system idle period, applying a simulation lateral force pulse to the conductor in the simulation model; identifying the natural oscillation frequency and damping ratio of the line by analyzing the oscillation response curve of the conductor model under the action of the simulation lateral force pulse; and based on the natural oscillation frequency and damping ratio, adaptively calibrating the size of the specific swing allowance or the asymmetric compensation envelope.

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