Portable sand taking probe device and method for stratum containing shallow gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering reconnaissance, and discloses a portable sand taking probe device and method for a stratum containing shallow gas. The portable sand taking probe device comprises a protective cylinder, a sealing cover plate is fixed to the top of the protective cylinder, and a conical head used for being pressed into the stratum in a static pressure mode is arranged at the bottom of the protective cylinder. Through the arranged sampling assembly, after a sampling barrel is pressed into the depth of a gas storage sand layer needing to be sampled, a worker only needs to operate a control instrument on the ground surface, a motor is started by means of a cable, a movable ring pulls a baffle to move upwards through an L-shaped connecting rod, the baffle does not block a through hole any more, and under the action of the air pressure difference in the gas storage sand layer, sampling is completed. Sandy soil particles are driven to enter the pile casing through the through hole, the defect that a traditional static sounding probe device cannot take soil samples is overcome, the using function of static sounding is expanded, the problem of gas orifice blowout caused by soil sample drilling in a shallow gas stratum occurrence area is solved, operation is easy, convenient and safe, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a portable in-situ investigation sampling device and method, in particular to a portable sand sampling probe device and method for a shallow gas-bearing stratum. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shallow gas refers to natural gas buried within 1500m below the ground surface (including organic, inorganic or mixed origin gas). The stratum rich in shallow gas is called gas-bearing stratum. Gas-bearing stratum is widely distributed in marsh wetlands, estuaries, deltas, lakes and seabed sediments, and shallow strata with relatively abundant oil and gas resources. The gas in the soil mainly comes from the decomposition of organic matter under the action of anaerobic bacteria, and the biological origin gas, deep oil and gas, mantle gas and gas produced by magmatic activity and then sealed in the shallow stratum by seepage and diffusion. Shallow gas is stored in varying degrees in the Jiangzhe coastal area, the Yangtze River Delta, the Qaidam Basin, the Songliao Basin, the Bohai Bay Basin and the small and medium-sized basins in the south of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong and Guangxi in China. Among them, the shallow gas in the southeast coastal area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, is mainly distributed in the Quaternary plain along the coast and the river. The gas-bearing stratum is a special engineering geological disaster for civil engineering, i.e. shallow gas geological disaster. The above-mentioned shallow gas is mainly stored in unconsolidated sand layers, which are often covered or surrounded by fine-grained clay layers, forming a gas-bearing stratum with a certain pressure, i.e. gas storage sand layer. With the in-depth development of underground space in China, more and more projects have encountered such gas-bearing stratum. Since the gas is colorless, odorless, flammable and explosive, and the main component is methane, the engineering disasters and accidents induced by shallow gas geology have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, when a project encounters a gas-bearing stratum, it is necessary to first identify the information of the gas storage layer, the cap rock and other soil layers, obtain the gas storage sand layer sample, and clarify the basic physical and mechanical properties, which are necessary for estimating the gas storage capacity of the shallow gas and evaluating the degree of harm of the shallow gas geology to the project.

[0003] At present, in the geotechnical engineering investigation of the shallow gas-bearing geological area, it is mainly dependent on the in-situ static cone penetration, drilling or professional sampler of the oil and gas department. The professional sampler of the oil and gas industry is expensive and difficult to implement, and it is difficult for general investigation units to have it. The soil sample obtained by engineering drilling is the most commonly used, but it will cause the violent eruption (blowout) of shallow gas in the drilling, which is dangerous to operate. The static cone penetration device is light, safe and efficient, and has been widely used in geotechnical engineering investigation. However, the existing conventional static cone penetration probe device can only infer the stratum information by means of cone tip resistance, side friction resistance and pore water pressure, and cannot sample the sand in the shallow gas storage layer. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas-bearing strata and a method thereof based on the existing static cone penetration technology to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas-bearing strata, comprising a casing, a sealing cover plate fixed to the top of the casing, a cone head provided at the bottom of the casing for static pressure into the strata, a sampling assembly provided on the casing for sampling sand, and a collection part provided in the casing for collecting sand samples.

[0006] Preferably, the sealing cover plate has a circular hole in the center, and a hollow threaded rod is fixed to the upper surface of the sealing cover plate, and the inner diameter of the central circular hole of the sealing cover plate is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow threaded rod; a motor is fixed to the eccentric position of the lower surface of the sealing cover plate, and the motor is connected with a cable, which is led out through the central circular hole of the sealing cover plate and the hollow threaded rod and connected with a control instrument on the ground.

[0007] Preferably, the sampling assembly comprises a through hole provided on the surface of the casing, a baffle slidably installed on the inner surface of the casing, an L-shaped connecting rod fixed to the side of the baffle close to the casing, a moving ring fixed at the bottom of the L-shaped connecting rod, a transmission rack fixed to the top of the moving ring, a gear meshing with the transmission rack, the gear being rotatably installed on the inner wall of the casing, a worm wheel fixed to the back of the gear, a worm meshing with the worm wheel, the top of the worm being fixed with the output shaft of the motor, and the motor being fixed on the inner wall of the casing; after the casing is pressed into the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the operator only needs to control the motor to work through the control instrument on the ground by means of the cable, the motor drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the gear to rotate, the gear controls the transmission rack to move upward, the transmission rack drives the moving ring to move upward, and when the moving ring moves upward, the moving ring pulls the baffle to move upward through the L-shaped connecting rod, so that the baffle no longer blocks the through hole; under the action of the pressure difference of the gas storage layer, the sand particles are driven to enter the inside of the casing through the through hole, overcoming the shortcomings of the conventional static cone penetration probe device that cannot sample soil, and the operation is simple, safe and efficient.

[0008] Preferably, the collecting part comprises a hinged frame hinged on the inner wall of the casing, a collecting box is arranged on the inner side of the hinged frame, a rubber rope I is fixed on the side of the hinged frame away from the through hole, the end of the rubber rope I away from the hinged frame is fixed on the inner wall of the casing, a cover plate is hinged on the top of the hinged frame, a volute spring is fixed at the position where the cover plate is connected with the hinged frame, the end of the volute spring away from the cover plate is fixed with the hinged frame, a moving groove is arranged on the side of the hinged frame, a resisting rod is slidingly arranged on the inner side of the moving groove, a connecting spring is fixed on the inner side of the moving groove, the end of the connecting spring away from the moving groove is fixed with the resisting rod, a connecting rope is fixed on the top of the hinged frame, the end of the connecting rope away from the hinged frame passes through a guide rod and is fixed with a baffle, when the baffle is moved upward and opened, the baffle pulls the hinged frame through the connecting rope, so that the hinged frame rotates at the position hinged with the casing, the hinged frame rotates to the state that the hinged frame is perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing, at this time, under the action of the connecting spring, the resisting rod moves away from the cover plate, the cover plate is no longer resisted by the resisting rod, under the action of the volute spring, the cover plate rotates at the position hinged with the hinged frame and is opened, the sand and soil guided by the baffle can enter the collecting box for collection, which facilitates the sampling operation of the staff, and under the shielding action of the cover plate, most of the sand and soil can enter the collecting box, so that effective collection and sampling are achieved.

[0009] A sand collecting method of a portable sand collecting probe device for a shallow gas formation, the sand collecting method comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, connecting the portable sand collecting probe device for the shallow gas formation with a conventional static sounding probe rod through a hollow threaded rod, using the hydraulic equipment of the conventional static sounding to press it into the formation, when the casing is placed in the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the staff operates the control instrument on the ground to control the starting motor through the cable, the motor drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm gear to rotate, thereby driving the gear fixed on the surface of the worm gear to rotate, the gear controls the driving rack to move upward, and the driving rack moves the moving ring upward;

[0011] S2, when the moving ring moves upward, the moving ring pulls the baffle to move upward through the L-shaped connecting rod, so that the baffle no longer blocks the through hole, under the action of the gas pressure difference of the gas storage layer, the sand and soil particles are driven to enter the inside of the casing through the through hole;

[0012] S3, when the baffle is opened by moving upward, the baffle pulls the hinged frame through the connecting rope, so that the hinged frame rotates at the hinged position with the casing, and the hinged frame rotates to the state of being perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing, at this time, under the action of the connecting spring, the abutting rod moves away from the cover plate, the cover plate is no longer abutted by the abutting rod, and under the action of the spiral spring, the cover plate rotates and opens at the hinged position with the hinged frame, the sand soil guided by the baffle can enter the collecting frame for collection, convenient for the sampling operation of the staff, and under the shielding effect of the cover plate, most of the sand soil can enter the collecting frame, so that effective collection and sampling are achieved;

[0013] S4, after sampling, the staff only needs to operate the control instrument on the ground to control the motor to rotate in the reverse direction through the cable, so that the gear rotates in the reverse direction, so that the transmission rack moves downward with the moving ring, and the moving ring moves downward with the baffle through the L-shaped connecting rod, and the baffle blocks the through hole again;

[0014] S5, when the baffle is closed, under the pulling action of the rubber rope, the hinged frame rotates and resets at the hinged position with the casing, the abutting rod is abutted by the inner wall of the casing, the abutting rod moves towards the cover plate, the abutting rod abuts on the cover plate, the cover plate rotates and resets at the hinged position with the hinged frame, the staff takes out the casing, and when the obtained sand sample needs to be taken, the sampling assembly is controlled again to open the baffle, and the collecting frame is taken out from the hinged frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a portable sand sampling probe device for a shallow gas-containing stratum and a method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1、The portable sand sampling probe device for a shallow gas-containing stratum and the method, through the sampling assembly, after the casing is pressed into the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the staff only needs to operate the control instrument on the ground to control the motor to start through the cable, the motor drives the worm gear to rotate through the worm, so that the gear rotates, the gear controls the transmission rack to move upward, the transmission rack moves upward with the moving ring, when the moving ring moves upward, the moving ring pulls the baffle upward through the L-shaped connecting rod, so that the baffle no longer blocks the through hole, under the action of the pressure difference of the gas storage layer, the sand particles are driven to enter the inside of the casing through the through hole, the shortcomings that the conventional static sounding probe device cannot take soil samples are overcome, the operation is simple, safe, and the working efficiency is improved.

[0017] 2. The portable sand sampling probe device and method for shallow gas formation, through the setting of the sampling assembly and the collection part, when the baffle is opened, the baffle can pull the hinged frame through the connecting rope, so that the hinged frame rotates at the hinged position with the casing, and the hinged frame rotates to the state of being perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing, at this time, under the action of the connecting spring, the abutting rod moves away from the side of the cover plate, the cover plate is no longer abutted by the abutting rod, under the action of the volute spring, the cover plate rotates and opens at the hinged position with the hinged frame, the sand soil guided by the baffle can enter the collection frame for collection, which facilitates the sampling operation of the staff, and under the shielding effect of the cover plate, most of the sand soil can enter the collection frame, thereby effectively collecting and sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a whole front view structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a casing section front view structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a casing surface through hole structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a sampling assembly and collection part connection structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a sampling assembly front view structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a collection part front view structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a hinged frame front view structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a hinged frame and collection frame structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0026] In the figure: 1, casing; 2, cone head; 3, sampling assembly; 31, through hole; 32, L-shaped connecting rod; 33, baffle; 34, transmission rack; 35, gear; 36, moving ring; 37, worm; 38, motor; 39, worm gear; 4, collection part; 41, hinged frame; 42, collection frame; 43, rubber rope; 44, cover plate; 45, volute spring; 46, moving groove; 47, abutting rod; 48, connecting spring; 49, connecting rope; 410, guide rod; 6, sealing plate; 7, cable; 8, hollow threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] As Figures 1-8As shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a portable sand probe device for shallow gas formation, comprising a casing 1, a sealing cover plate 6 fixed at the top of the casing 1, a cone head 2 provided at the bottom of the casing 1 for static pressure into the formation, a sampling assembly 3 provided on the casing 1 for sand, and a collection part 4 provided inside the casing 1 for collecting sand samples.

[0028] A circular hole is formed in the center of the sealing cover plate 6, and a hollow threaded rod 8 is fixed to the upper surface of the sealing cover plate 6. The inner diameter of the central circular hole of the sealing cover plate 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow threaded rod 8. A motor 38 is fixed to the lower surface of the sealing cover plate 6 at an eccentric position. The motor 38 is connected to a cable 7, which is led out through the central circular hole of the sealing cover plate 6 and the hollow threaded rod 8, and is connected to a control instrument on the ground.

[0029] In this embodiment, the sampling assembly 3 includes a through hole 31 formed in the surface of the casing 1. A baffle plate 33 is slidingly installed on the surface of the casing 1. An L-shaped connecting rod 32 is fixed to the side of the baffle plate 33 close to the casing 1. The top of the L-shaped connecting rod 32 is fixed to the bottom of a moving ring 36, which is slidingly installed on the inner wall of the casing 1. The top of the moving ring 36 is fixed to a transmission rack 34, which is engaged with a gear 35. The gear 35 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the casing 1. The back of the gear 35 is fixed to a worm wheel 39, which is engaged with a worm 37. The top of the worm 37 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 38. After the casing 1 is pressed into the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the operator only needs to operate the control instrument on the ground to control the motor 38 to work through the cable 7. The motor 38 drives the worm 37 to rotate, which drives the worm wheel 39 to rotate, and the worm wheel 39 drives the gear 35 to rotate. The gear 35 controls the transmission rack 34 to move upwards, and the transmission rack 34 moves the moving ring 36 upwards. When the moving ring 36 moves upwards, it pulls the baffle plate 33 upwards through the L-shaped connecting rod 32, so that the baffle plate 33 no longer blocks the through hole 31. Under the action of the pressure difference of the gas storage layer, the sand particles are driven to enter the inside of the casing 1 through the through hole 31. This overcomes the shortcomings of conventional static sounding probe devices that cannot take soil samples, and is simple, safe and efficient to operate.

[0030] Further, the collecting part 4 comprises a hinged frame 41 hinged on the inner wall of the casing 1, a collecting frame 42 is arranged on the inner side of the hinged frame 41, a rubber rope I 43 is fixed on the side of the hinged frame 41 away from the through hole 31, one end of the rubber rope I 43 away from the hinged frame 41 is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 1, a cover plate 44 is hinged on the top of the hinged frame 41, a volute spring 45 is fixed on the position where the cover plate 44 is connected with the hinged frame 41, one end of the volute spring 45 away from the cover plate 44 is fixed with the hinged frame 41, a moving groove 46 is arranged on the side of the hinged frame 41, a contact rod 47 is slidingly arranged on the inner side of the moving groove 46, a connecting spring 48 is fixed on the inner side of the moving groove 46, one end of the connecting spring 48 away from the moving groove 46 is fixed with the contact rod 47, a connecting rope 49 is fixed on the top of the hinged frame 41, one end of the connecting rope 49 away from the hinged frame 41 passes through a guide rod 410 and is fixed with the baffle 33, when the baffle 33 is moved upward to be opened, the baffle 33 pulls the hinged frame 41 through the connecting rope 49, so that the hinged frame 41 is rotated at the position hinged with the casing 1, the hinged frame 41 is rotated to the state perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing 1, at this time, under the action of the connecting spring 48, the contact rod 47 moves away from the cover plate 44, the cover plate 44 is no longer contacted by the contact rod 47, under the action of the volute spring 45, the cover plate 44 is rotated to be opened at the position hinged with the hinged frame 41, the sand and soil guided through the baffle 33 can enter the collecting frame 42 to be collected, the sampling operation of the staff is facilitated, and meanwhile, under the shielding action of the cover plate 44, most of the sand and soil can enter the collecting frame 42, so that the sand and soil is effectively collected.

[0031] The present application further provides a sand collecting method of the portable sand collecting probe device for the shallow gas formation, which comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1, the portable sand collecting probe device for the shallow gas formation is connected with the conventional static sounding probe rod through the hollow threaded rod 8, the hydraulic equipment of the conventional static sounding is used to press the device into the formation, when the casing 1 is placed into the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the staff operates the control instrument on the ground to control the starting motor 38 through the wire cable 7, the motor 38 drives the worm 37 to rotate, the worm 37 drives the worm wheel 39 to rotate, so as to drive the gear 35 fixed on the surface of the worm wheel 39 to rotate, the gear 35 controls the transmission rack 34 to move upward, and the transmission rack 34 moves upward with the moving ring 36;

[0033] S2, when the moving ring 36 moves upward, the moving ring 36 pulls the baffle 33 to move upward through the L-shaped connecting rod 32, so that the baffle 33 no longer blocks the through hole 31, under the action of the pressure difference of the gas storage layer, the sand and soil particles are driven to enter the inside of the casing 1 through the through hole 31;

[0034] S3, when the baffle 33 is opened by moving upward, the baffle 33 pulls the hinged frame 41 through the connecting rope 49, so that the hinged frame 41 rotates at the hinged position with the casing 1, and the hinged frame 41 rotates to the state of being perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing 1, at this time, under the action of the connecting spring 48, the abutting rod 47 moves to the side away from the cover plate 44, the cover plate 44 is no longer abutted by the abutting rod 47, under the action of the spiral spring 45, the cover plate 44 rotates to open at the hinged position with the hinged frame 41, the sand soil guided by the baffle 33 can enter the collection frame 42 for collection, which facilitates the sampling operation of the staff, and under the shielding effect of the cover plate 44, most of the sand soil can enter the collection frame 42, which effectively collects the sample;

[0035] S4, after sampling, the staff only needs to operate the control instrument on the ground to control the motor 38 to drive the worm 37 to rotate in the opposite direction through the cable 7, that is, to control the gear 35 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the transmission rack 34 moves downward with the moving ring 36, the moving ring 36 moves downward with the baffle 33 through the L-shaped connecting rod 32, and the baffle 33 blocks the through hole 31 again;

[0036] S5, when the baffle 33 is closed, under the pulling action of the rubber rope 43, the hinged frame 41 rotates to reset at the hinged position with the casing 1, the abutting rod 47 is abutted by the inner wall of the casing 1, the abutting rod 47 moves to the side close to the cover plate 44, the abutting rod 47 abuts on the cover plate 44, so that the cover plate 44 rotates to reset at the hinged position with the hinged frame 41, the staff takes out the casing 1, and when the sand sample taken out needs to be taken, the sampling assembly 3 is controlled again, so that the baffle 33 is opened, and the collection frame 42 is taken out from the hinged frame 41.

[0037] The above describes the present application in detail, but some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present application, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the modifications or improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formations, comprising a casing (1), a sealing cover plate (6) fixed to the top of the casing (1), a circular hole opened in the center of the sealing cover plate (6), a hollow threaded rod (8) fixed to the upper surface, and a motor (38) fixed to the lower surface, characterized in that: The bottom of the casing (1) is provided with a cone head (2) for statically pressing into the formation, the casing (1) is provided with a sampling assembly (3) for sampling sand and soil in the gas storage layer, the interior of the casing (1) is provided with a collecting portion (4) for collecting sand samples, the inner diameter of the central circular hole of the sealing cover (6) is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow threaded rod (8), the motor (38) is fixed at an eccentric position at the bottom of the sealing cover (6), the motor (38) is connected to the cable (7), and the cable (7) is led out through the central circular hole of the sealing cover (6) and the hollow threaded rod (8), and is connected to a control instrument on the ground surface.

2. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly (3) comprises a through hole (31), the through hole (31) being opened on the surface of the casing (1), a baffle (33) being slidably mounted on the surface of the casing (1), and an L-shaped connecting rod (32) being fixed on a side of the baffle (33) close to the casing (1).

3. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the L-shaped connecting rod (32) is fixed to the bottom of the moving ring (36), and the moving ring (36) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the casing (1). A transmission rack (34) is fixed to the top of the moving ring (36), and the transmission rack (34) is engaged with a gear (35). The gear (35) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the casing (1), and a worm gear (39) is fixed to the back of the gear (35).

4. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The worm wheel (39) is meshed with a worm (37), and the top of the worm (37) is fixed to the output shaft of the motor (38).

5. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting portion (4) includes an articulated frame (41), the articulated frame (41) is hinged on the inner wall of the casing (1), a collecting frame (42) is placed on the inner side of the articulated frame (41), a rubber rope (43) is fixed to the side of the articulated frame (41) away from the through hole (31), and the end of the rubber rope (43) away from the articulated frame (41) is fixed to the inner wall of the casing (1), and a cover plate (44) is hinged on the top of the articulated frame (41).

6. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A volute spring (45) is fixed at the position where the cover plate (44) is connected to the hinge frame (41), and one end of the volute spring (45) away from the cover plate (44) is fixed to the hinge frame (41). A movable groove (46) is provided on the side of the hinge frame (41).

7. The portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A resisting rod (47) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the movable groove (46), a connecting spring (48) is fixed on the inner side of the movable groove (46), an end of the connecting spring (48) away from the movable groove (46) is fixed to the resisting rod (47), a connecting rope (49) is fixed to the top of the articulated frame (41), and an end of the connecting rope (49) away from the articulated frame (41) passes through the guide rod (410) and is fixed to the baffle (33).

8. A sand sampling method using a portable sand sampling probe device in a shallow gas formation, characterized by: The sand sampling method of the portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formation according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: S1. Connect the portable sand sampling probe device for shallow gas formations to a conventional static penetration rod, and use the hydraulic equipment of the conventional static penetration rod to press it into the formation. After the casing (1) is placed in the gas storage sand layer to be sampled, the staff operates the control instrument on the surface to control the starting motor (38) with the help of the cable (7). The motor (38) drives the worm (37) to rotate, and the worm (37) drives the worm wheel (39) to rotate, thereby driving the gear (35) fixed on the surface of the worm wheel (39) to rotate. The gear (35) controls the transmission rack (34) to move upward, and the transmission rack (34) moves upward with the moving ring (36); S2, when the movable ring (36) moves upward, the movable ring (36) pulls the baffle (33) upward through the L-shaped connecting rod (32), so that the baffle (33) no longer blocks the through hole (31), and under the action of the gas pressure difference of the gas reservoir, the sand particles are driven through the through hole (31) into the interior of the casing (1); S3. When the baffle (33) moves upward and opens, the baffle (33) pulls the hinged frame (41) through the connecting rope (49), so that the hinged frame (41) rotates at a position hinged to the casing (1), and the hinged frame (41) rotates to a state perpendicular to the inner wall of the casing (1). At this time, under the action of the connecting spring (48), the contact rod (47) moves to the side away from the cover plate (44), and the cover plate (44) is no longer contacted by the contact rod (47). Under the action of the volute spring (45), the cover plate (44) rotates and opens at a position hinged to the hinged frame (41). The sand and soil guided by the baffle (33) can enter the collection frame (42) for collection, which is convenient for the staff to perform sampling operations. At the same time, under the shielding effect of the cover plate (44), it can be ensured that most of the sand samples can enter the collection frame (42), thereby effectively collecting and sampling. S4. After the sampling is completed, the staff on the surface only needs to operate the control instrument to control the motor (38) with the help of the cable (7) to drive the worm (37) to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby controlling the gear (35) to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the transmission rack (34) moves downward with the moving ring (36), and the moving ring (36) can move downward with the baffle (33) through the L-shaped connecting rod (32), and the baffle (33) blocks the through hole (31) again; S5. When the baffle (33) is closed, under the pulling action of the rubber rope (43), the hinged frame (41) is rotated and reset to the position of being hinged to the casing (1), the abutment rod (47) is abutted by the inner wall of the casing (1), and the abutment rod (47) moves to the side close to the cover plate (44). The abutment rod (47) abuts on the cover plate (44), so that the cover plate (44) is rotated and reset to the position of being hinged to the hinged frame (41). The staff takes out the casing (1). When it is necessary to take the obtained sand sample, it is only necessary to control the sampling assembly (3) again to open the baffle (33) and take out the collection frame (42) from the hinged frame (41).

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