Ground-air data collaborative interaction system and data transmission method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a ground-air data collaborative interaction system and a data transmission method thereof, and the system comprises a low-orbit satellite which is used for forming a data transmission link between an airplane and the ground; the antenna unit is arranged on the aircraft, is mounted on the top of the aircraft and is used for being connected with the low-orbit satellite to form a wireless network connection channel in the cabin; the forecabin WIFI unit is configured on an airplane and used for providing a WIFI access point for terminal equipment of a forecabin and carrying out bidirectional data communication with the ground through the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite; and a receiving base station configured on the ground. According to the scheme of the invention, efficient space-space data interaction can be realized, efficient air-to-air support and accurate flight monitoring are further realized, safe and normal operation of flight in the air is ensured, and the safety risk control capability is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aviation technology, in particular to a ground-air data collaborative interaction system and a data transmission method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the aircraft is on the ground and in the air, it cannot communicate and contact with the ground in real time. The traditional portable electronic flight data package cannot provide complete support for operation support. The aircraft addressing and reporting system currently used by the air transport carrier has high transmission cost between the air and the ground, can only send English text format information, requires a long time for input information, and has a field quantity requirement, which leads to the fact that the real-time flight data of the aircraft cannot be directly transmitted to the ground, the ground cannot understand and evaluate the real-time status of the aircraft, and cannot effectively support the operation decision of the flight. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above defects, the ground-air data collaborative interaction system and the data transmission method thereof provided by the present application can realize efficient data interaction between the ground and the air, thereby efficiently supporting the air and accurately monitoring the flight, ensuring the safe and normal operation of the flight in the air, and improving the safety risk control capability.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a ground-air data collaborative interaction system, which comprises:

[0005] A low-orbit satellite is configured to form a data transmission link between the aircraft and the ground.

[0006] An antenna unit is arranged on the aircraft and installed on the top of the aircraft, and is configured to be connected with the low-orbit satellite to form a wireless network connection channel in the cabin.

[0007] A front-cabin WIFI unit is arranged on the aircraft, and is configured to provide a WIFI access point for a terminal device in the front cabin, and to perform bidirectional data communication with the ground through the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite.

[0008] A receiving base station is arranged on the ground.

[0009] Preferably, the system further comprises:

[0010] A baseband unit is arranged on the aircraft, and is configured to realize at least one of upper-layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing, baseband function processing, and local operation and maintenance function of the terminal device.

[0011] Preferably, the system further comprises:

[0012] A radio frequency unit is arranged on the aircraft, and is configured to realize at least one of digital intermediate frequency processing, power amplifier, duplexer or filter, and receiving low-noise amplifier.

[0013] Preferably, the system further comprises a connecting optical fiber for connecting the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit.

[0014] The baseband unit further carries the baseband IQ signal on the connecting optical fiber to the radio frequency unit through CPRI or other interface protocol.

[0015] Preferably, the system further comprises:

[0016] The AoIP-based backup communication unit configured on the aircraft is used for encapsulating ACARS information in IP data packets by establishing an AoIP analog HF protocol and sending the ACARS information to a receiving base station on the ground through IP communication means.

[0017] Another embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method of a ground-air data collaborative interaction system, the method being applied to any of the above-mentioned ground-air data collaborative interaction systems, and the method comprising:

[0018] Collecting flight data when the aircraft is flying;

[0019] Transmitting the flight data to a receiving base station on the ground through the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite.

[0020] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0021] Transmitting the flight data to an electronic flight bag of the crew through an Ethernet port or a WIFI interface.

[0022] Preferably, the flight data comprises operation data, weather radar data and other data.

[0023] The operation data comprises flight parameters, engine state parameters and aircraft health data.

[0024] The other data comprises voice data of the driver and active transmission data triggered by the driver.

[0025] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0026] Obtaining relevant data uploaded from the ground through an Ethernet port or a WIFI interface from an electronic flight bag of the crew.

[0027] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0028] Formatting and encapsulating the flight data according to a preset first communication protocol.

[0029] Decapsulating the obtained relevant data according to a preset second communication protocol

[0030] The present invention provides a ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system and data transmission method thereof. The system includes: a low-orbit satellite for forming a data transmission link between an aircraft and the ground; an antenna unit configured on the aircraft, mounted on the aircraft's roof, for connecting to the low-orbit satellite to form a wireless network connection channel within the cabin; a front cabin WIFI unit configured on the aircraft, for providing a WIFI access point for terminal devices in the front cabin and conducting two-way data communication with the ground via the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite; and a receiving base station configured on the ground. This application solution can achieve efficient data interaction between the ground, air, and ground, thereby efficiently supporting air support and accurately monitoring flights, ensuring the safe and normal operation of flights, and improving safety risk control capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a data transmission method of a ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the implementation process of the data transmission method of the ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] An embodiment of the present invention provides a ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system, the system comprising:

[0036] Low-orbit satellites are used to form a data transmission link between aircraft and the ground;

[0037] An antenna unit configured on the aircraft is installed on the roof of the aircraft and is used to connect to the low-orbit satellite to form a wireless network connection channel in the cabin;

[0038] A front cabin WIFI unit is configured on the aircraft, for providing a WIFI access point for terminal devices in the front cabin, and for performing two-way data communication with the ground via the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite;

[0039] A receiving base station configured on the ground.

[0040] When implementing this embodiment, seeFigure 1 , is a structural schematic diagram of an air-ground data collaborative interaction system provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the system comprises a low-orbit satellite, an antenna unit, a front cabin WiFi unit, and a receiving base station.

[0041] The system constructs data interaction between an airplane and the ground, and through the collaborative operation of the low-orbit satellite, the antenna unit on the airplane, the front cabin WiFi unit, and the ground receiving base station. The low-orbit satellite can more quickly receive and forward data due to the advantage of low orbit height, and constitutes a key link for data transmission between the airplane and the ground.

[0042] In specific application, a high-bandwidth low-orbit satellite can be used, and the data chain relying on the satellite channel is also called a satellite data chain. According to the orbit height of the satellite, the low-earth orbit satellite is 500-2,000 km, and the free-space transmission loss (FSL) of the satellite channel can be represented by the ratio of the transmitter antenna receiving power P t and the receiver antenna receiving power P r .

[0043]

[0044] Wherein, f is the frequency of electromagnetic waves, in MHz; and d is the transmission distance between the transmitter and the receiver, in km.

[0045] Compared with other orbit satellites, the low-orbit satellite has a smaller transmission distance d and a smaller free-space transmission loss. Under the same transmission loss, a larger frequency can be selected to provide a larger bandwidth. Therefore, the low-orbit satellite has the advantages of low transmission cost, short transmission delay, small path loss, high data transmission rate, and small size of the receiving device, etc.

[0046] The antenna unit on the airplane is installed on the top of the airplane, is responsible for establishing a connection with the low-orbit satellite, and serves as an interface for data transmission, converts the data inside the airplane into a signal format suitable for satellite transmission, and stably communicates with the satellite to form a wireless network connection channel in the cabin.

[0047] In specific application, a high-throughput radio frequency antenna is used, and an SES antenna is installed on the top of the airplane: has high data transmission reliability, reduces the resistance by half, has a bandwidth of 400G, is compatible with all high-throughput satellites, and can be interchanged in different fleets. The high-bandwidth low-orbit satellite realizes the WIFI connection function of the front cabin through the antenna, and the goal is to become an open cross-aircraft project interconnection platform that can carry multiple satellite communication providers and realize the connection of the wireless network in the cabin.

[0048] The front cabin WIFI unit provides a WIFI access point for terminal devices (such as notebook computers, tablet computers, smart phones, etc.) in the front cabin. When the terminal device accesses the WIFI, data is first transmitted to the front cabin WIFI unit, and then transmitted to the ground through the antenna unit with the help of the low-orbit satellite, and the space-ground communication system (satellite communication, space-ground broadband communication) is interconnected with the ground, and bidirectional data communication is performed with the ground receiving base station.

[0049] The ground receiving base station receives data from the satellite and transmits it to the ground network, and can also transmit data from the ground network to the device on the aircraft through the satellite, thereby realizing a complete space-ground data interaction closed loop.

[0050] The scheme provided in the application is based on a space-ground interconnection data connection system of a low-orbit satellite, and realizes cockpit networking service through a low-orbit satellite and a high-throughput antenna of an aircraft. Through a gateway protocol, space-ground interconnection can be realized, efficient space-ground data interaction can be realized, efficient air support and precise flight monitoring can be realized, air flight safety and normal operation can be ensured, and safety risk control capability can be improved.

[0051] In another embodiment provided in the application, the system further comprises:

[0052] The baseband unit arranged on the aircraft is configured to realize at least one of upper layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing, baseband function processing, and local operation and maintenance function of the terminal device.

[0053] In the specific implementation of the embodiment, the baseband unit is the core hub of data processing and transmission of the onboard terminal device, and its working principle is developed around upper layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing, baseband function processing, and local operation and maintenance function. In the aspect of upper layer protocol and signaling processing, the baseband unit is responsible for analyzing and executing various communication protocols (such as TCP / IP, mobile communication protocol, etc.), processing control signaling between the device and the network, and ensuring that the device can correctly access the network and complete data interaction instructions. For example, when the device accesses the network, the baseband unit completes identity authentication, resource allocation, and other processes by processing signaling.

[0054] The user plane data processing function is focused on encoding, compression, encryption, and other processing of actual data (such as web page content, video stream, file, etc.) transmitted by the user, so as to improve data transmission efficiency and ensure data security. In the baseband function processing, the baseband unit realizes modulation and demodulation, channel coding and decoding, and other operations on the signal. Modulation is to convert a digital signal into an analog signal suitable for transmission in a wireless channel, and demodulation is to restore the analog signal to a digital signal at the receiving end; channel coding and decoding are used to enhance the anti-interference ability of the signal and reduce the bit error rate in the transmission process.

[0055] The local operation and maintenance function supports monitoring, configuration and fault diagnosis of the baseband unit itself and related equipment. The staff can set equipment parameters, view running state logs, and quickly locate problems when a fault occurs through this function. In addition, the baseband unit carries the processed baseband IQ signal (containing two signals of in-phase and quadrature, which is the basic signal of modulation and demodulation) on the optical fiber through the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) or other interface protocol to the remote radio frequency unit. After receiving the signal, the radio frequency unit performs radio frequency processing (such as power amplification, filtering, etc.), and finally transmits it to the space through the antenna, or receives the radio frequency signal from the antenna and transmits it to the baseband unit for processing, forming a complete data processing and transmission link.

[0056] The baseband unit integrates various data processing functions and can quickly complete upper layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing and other tasks, improve the data processing efficiency of the onboard terminal equipment, ensure that a large amount of data can be transmitted and processed in time and accurately, and meet the user's demand for high-speed network service.

[0057] In another embodiment provided by the application, the system further comprises:

[0058] The radio frequency unit arranged on the aircraft is configured to implement at least one of digital intermediate frequency processing, a power amplifier, a duplexer or a filter, and a receiving low noise amplifier.

[0059] In the specific implementation of the embodiment, the radio frequency unit arranged on the aircraft plays a role of signal conversion and transmission in the aircraft air-ground data communication system, and the implementation of its functions is based on the cooperative operation of core modules such as digital intermediate frequency processing, a power amplifier, a duplexer or a filter, and a receiving low noise amplifier.

[0060] The digital intermediate frequency processing module is the key to realizing digital signal processing of the radio frequency unit. It converts the received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency, performs sampling, quantization, filtering and demodulation operations through digital signal processing technology, and converts the analog radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal, which is convenient for subsequent processing by the baseband unit; at the transmitting end, it modulates the digital signal output by the baseband unit to an intermediate frequency, and prepares for radio frequency transmission.

[0061] The power amplifier is responsible for power boosting of the transmitted signal, amplifying the signal processed by the digital intermediate frequency processing to a sufficient power level to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted through the antenna and transmitted to a long distance, overcoming the loss of the signal in the process of space propagation.

[0062] The duplexers or filters are used to realize the separation of the transceiving signals. The duplexers can make the transmitting and receiving signals work simultaneously on the same antenna without interfering with each other, prevent the transmitting signal from entering the receiving channel during the transmitting, and prevent the transmitting signal from leaking to the receiving end during the receiving. The filters allow the useful signals to pass through and suppress the interference signals by screening the specific frequency signals, so as to ensure the purity of the transceiving signals.

[0063] The receiving low noise amplifier plays a role when receiving the signals, amplifies the weak radio frequency signals received by the antenna, reduces the noise generated by itself as much as possible, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals, and enables the subsequent processing modules to receive high-quality signals, so as to guarantee the accuracy and stability of the communication.

[0064] The receiving low noise amplifier of the baseband unit reduces the noise of the received signals, the digital intermediate frequency processing accurately processes the signals, and the filter screens the signals, so that the signal-to-noise ratio and purity of the signals are effectively improved, the signal distortion and interference are reduced, the ground-air communication signal transmission is more stable and accurate, and the communication quality is improved.

[0065] In another embodiment provided by the application, the system further comprises a connecting optical fiber for connecting the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit.

[0066] The baseband unit further carries the baseband IQ signals on the connecting optical fiber through the CPRI or other interface protocols, and transmits the baseband IQ signals to the radio frequency unit.

[0067] In the specific implementation of the embodiment, the data transmission and interaction of the entire system are based on the cooperative work of the baseband unit, the radio frequency unit, the antenna, the data acquisition interface and different connection media. The baseband unit as the core of data processing, completes the upper layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing, baseband function processing and local operation and maintenance function, and then outputs the processed baseband IQ signals in the form of electrical signals through the CPRI or other interface protocols. The optical fiber, as a bridge connecting the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit, efficiently and stably transmits the baseband IQ signals in the form of optical signals to the remote radio frequency unit due to its characteristics of high bandwidth, low loss and strong anti-interference ability.

[0068] After the radio frequency unit receives the optical signal, it is restored to an electrical signal through photoelectric conversion, and the signal is subjected to digital intermediate frequency processing, power amplification and other operations, and the baseband signal is converted into a radio frequency signal suitable for antenna transmission. The ultra-short coaxial radio frequency line transmits the radio frequency signal processed by the radio frequency unit to the antenna using its good radio frequency signal transmission performance and anti-interference ability. The antenna converts the electrical signal into electromagnetic waves and transmits them into space to realize wireless transmission of data; when receiving data, the antenna receives electromagnetic waves in space and converts them into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the radio frequency unit through the ultra-short coaxial radio frequency line. After the radio frequency unit processes the signal, it is transmitted back to the baseband unit for subsequent processing.

[0069] The data acquisition interface is connected with the communication module, responsible for collecting various types of data (such as sensor data, device status data, etc.), and transmitting them to the communication module. After the communication module processes the data, it is sent to the baseband unit for further processing and transmission, thereby realizing data interaction and collaborative work of the entire system.

[0070] This embodiment transmits baseband IQ signals through optical fibers, effectively avoiding electromagnetic interference and ensuring high speed and stability of data transmission; the ultra-short coaxial radio frequency line ensures low-loss transmission of radio frequency signals, improving signal quality and enabling the entire system to achieve efficient and stable data transmission, meeting the strict requirements of aircraft ground-air communication on data transmission rate and reliability.

[0071] In another embodiment provided by the application, the system further comprises:

[0072] The AoIP-based backup communication unit configured on the aircraft is used to encapsulate ACARS information in IP data packets by establishing an AoIP analog HF protocol and send it to the receiving base station on the ground through IP communication means.

[0073] In the specific implementation of this embodiment, the backup communication unit constructed based on the Audio over IP (AoIP) technology mainly realizes IP transmission of the Aviation Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) information by digitizing the traditional high frequency (HF) communication protocol. The core principles of this scheme include:

[0074] The protocol conversion layer, the protocol adaptation module built-in the AoIP backup unit, can map the ACARS message format (such as the ARINC622 standard) to the UDP / RTP data packet format, and simulate the transmission characteristics of HF communication (such as data frame structure, transmission rate, etc.), ensuring that the upper layer application can be compatible with the IP transmission method without modification.

[0075] IP encapsulation and transmission, the converted ACARS data is encapsulated in a standard IP packet and transmitted through the existing IP network infrastructure of the aircraft (such as Wi-Fi, satellite communication link). The system supports multi-path redundant transmission, and can dynamically select the optimal transmission path according to the real-time network quality.

[0076] Quality of service guarantee, by implementing strict QoS strategy (such as bandwidth reservation, priority marking, jitter buffer, etc.), ensure the low delay transmission of key flight data (such as position report, weather information), meet the real-time requirements of aviation communication.

[0077] EFB integrated application, the electronic flight bag (EFB) used by the crew is connected with the AoIP backup unit through a special application program, receives the messages sent by the ground ACARS center, and can actively initiate data interaction (such as flight plan update, fuel status report), realizes the two-way flow of air-ground data.

[0078] By using the existing IP network infrastructure to replace the traditional HF communication link, the dependence on special high frequency communication equipment is greatly reduced, and the communication cost and equipment maintenance cost are reduced. According to industry statistics, the use of AoIP technology can reduce the ACARS communication cost by 30%-50%.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present application, a data transmission method of an air-ground data collaborative interaction system is provided, which is applied to the air-ground data collaborative interaction system in any of the above embodiments, and refers to Figure 2 , which is a flowchart of the data transmission method of the air-ground data collaborative interaction system provided by the embodiment of the present application. The method comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step S1, collecting flight data during flight of the aircraft;

[0081] Step S2, transmitting the flight data to a receiving base station on the ground through the antenna unit and the low earth orbit satellite.

[0082] In the specific implementation of the embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , which is a principle diagram of the implementation process of the data transmission method of the air-ground data collaborative interaction system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0083] In order to realize real-time collection and efficient transmission of aircraft flight data, in the data collection link, the aircraft operation data collection module monitors various flight parameters of the aircraft in real time through various sensors (such as inertial navigation sensors, atmospheric data sensors, engine state sensors, etc.) deployed on the aircraft, including flight altitude, speed, heading, attitude, engine speed, fuel consumption and other data, continuously obtains the state information in the flight process of the aircraft.

[0084] The collected data is first processed and integrated in the processing system inside the aircraft to ensure its accuracy and standardization. Then, the data is transmitted to the antenna unit configured on the aircraft. As the key equipment for communication between the aircraft and the low-orbit satellite, the antenna unit converts the data into a signal form suitable for satellite transmission and establishes a connection with the low-orbit satellite. The low-orbit satellite, with its low orbit height and small signal transmission delay, can quickly receive the signal from the aircraft antenna unit. After receiving the signal, the satellite relays and forwards the data to the ground receiving base station. As the final gathering point of the data, the ground receiving base station receives the data from the satellite and connects it to the ground network for subsequent analysis and processing, thereby realizing the complete transmission link of the aircraft flight data from the air to the ground.

[0085] The ground receiving and transmission unit is used for receiving, storing and transmitting. The ground base station is responsible for receiving data from the aircraft. These data include flight parameters, engine status, aircraft health data and other data transmitted by the aircraft through the data link. The flight route data, weather prediction data, emergency operation information data and other data transmitted remotely from the ground to the aircraft and the crew are transmitted to the aircraft operation and data interaction module, and after analysis, the flight instructions are transmitted to the flight management computer FMC, and the flight management computer makes flight actions such as rerouting, flying around, adjusting speed, heading and altitude according to the data.

[0086] In another embodiment provided by the application, the method further comprises:

[0087] The flight data is transmitted to the electronic flight bag of the crew through the Ethernet port or WIFI interface.

[0088] In the specific implementation of the present embodiment, active data transmission and passive data transmission are performed. Active data transmission is that the data is stored in the aircraft operation and data interaction module, and then transmitted to the EFB (electronic flight bag) of the crew through the Ethernet port or WIFI interface, and the crew selects the data needed to be transmitted to the ground.

[0089] Passive transmission is that the above-mentioned data is wirelessly communicated with the ground receiving base station through the cockpit antenna, and the data information is automatically transmitted to the ground data server in real time.

[0090] In another embodiment provided by the application, the flight data includes operation data, weather radar data and other data.

[0091] The operation data includes flight parameters, engine state parameters and aircraft health data.

[0092] The other data includes voice data of the pilot and active transmission data triggered by the pilot.

[0093] In the embodiment, the flight data includes operation data, weather radar data and other data.

[0094] The aircraft data collection and storage module includes the following units for collecting data.

[0095] The aircraft operation data acquisition unit acquires flight parameters such as flight speed, height, heading, attitude and fuel quantity, which are crucial for monitoring the flight status of the aircraft. Engine status parameters, including engine speed, temperature, pressure and other parameters, are used to assess the health and performance of the engine. Aircraft health data parameters, such as body vibration and structural integrity information, help to discover potential safety hazards in a timely manner.

[0096] The weather radar data parameter acquisition unit acquires weather radar data scanned by the aircraft radar, including wind, turbulence, clouds, thunderstorms and other weather data.

[0097] The other data acquisition unit includes collecting the voice information of the pilot and the information that the pilot needs to actively transmit.

[0098] The aircraft operation and data interaction module collects and stores the above-mentioned collected data in real time through the flight management computer embedded in the aircraft. The data interface provides Ethernet and USB interfaces, which can transmit relevant data in real time on the ground and in the air, and perform data analysis and echo to the crew EFB.

[0099] Through the aircraft operation and data interaction module, a unified data real-time uploading and issuing method is established by collecting data to the module, and Ethernet and USB interfaces are provided, so that the crew can realize active aircraft data issuing and image echo after data processing, and the ground can install airborne and terrain databases to the aircraft in real time.

[0100] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, which are also considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A ground-air data collaborative interaction system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Low-orbit satellites are used to form a data transmission link between aircraft and the ground; An antenna unit configured on the aircraft is installed on the roof of the aircraft and is used to connect to the low-orbit satellite to form a wireless network connection channel in the cabin; A front cabin WIFI unit is configured on the aircraft, for providing a WIFI access point for terminal devices in the front cabin, and for performing two-way data communication with the ground via the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite; A receiving base station configured on the ground.

2. The ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The baseband unit configured on the aircraft is used to implement at least one of the upper layer protocol and signaling processing, user plane data processing, baseband function processing and local operation and maintenance functions of the terminal equipment.

3. The ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The radio frequency unit configured on the aircraft is used to implement at least one of digital intermediate frequency processing, power amplifier, duplexer or filter and receiving low noise amplifier.

4. The ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system further comprises a connecting optical fiber for connecting the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit; The baseband unit also carries the baseband IQ signal on the connecting optical fiber through CPRI or other interface protocols and transmits it to the radio frequency unit.

5. The ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The AoIP-based backup communication unit configured on the aircraft is used to encapsulate ACARS information in IP data packets by establishing an AoIP simulated HF protocol, and send it to the receiving base station on the ground through IP communication means.

6. A data transmission method for a ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system, characterized in that: The method is applied to the ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method comprises: Collect flight data while the aircraft is in flight; The flight data is sent to a receiving base station on the ground through the antenna unit and the low-orbit satellite.

7. The data transmission method of the ground-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The flight data is transmitted to the crew's electronic flight bag via an Ethernet port or a WIFI interface.

8. The data transmission method of the ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flight data includes operational data, weather radar data and other data; The operational data includes flight parameters, engine status parameters, and aircraft health data; The other data includes the driver's voice data and the driver-triggered active transmission data.

9. The data transmission method of the ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Obtain relevant data uploaded from the ground from the crew's electronic flight bag through the Ethernet port or WIFI interface.

10. The data transmission method of the ground-to-air data collaborative interaction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The flight data is formatted and encapsulated according to a preset first communication protocol; and the acquired relevant data is decapsulated according to a preset second communication protocol.

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