Vibration separation type rice seed seedling tray precision drilling method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding, and particularly discloses a method for rice seed precision drill seeding in a universal machine-transplanted rice seedling tray, which comprises the following steps: soaking seeds and accelerating germination, coating and mixing a seed lubricant, filling a matrix, pressing a groove by using a seedling tray precision drill, spraying water, seeding, covering soil and raising seedlings. According to the seedling tray precision drill seeder, seed metering is uniform, the seeding quantity can be accurately adjusted, and the problems that a common outer grooved wheel type seed metering device is discontinuous in seed metering, large in seed consumption and difficult to cultivate strong seedlings due to disordered distribution of seeds in a seedling tray are solved; innovatively, water is injected into the grooves in a directional mode and then the seeds are sown, so that the seeds are stably implanted in the grooves with water and can rapidly absorb water to germinate; all the components are connected into an independent whole, and the adjustable mounting components are arranged, so that the device can be movably connected with most of seedling raising assembly lines at present, and the universality is high. After the seeds are distributed in rows in the seedling tray, the seeding rate can be reduced by about 30%, strong seedlings can be cultivated, missing transplanting is reduced, and the seedling tray is particularly suitable for mechanized seedling cultivation and transplanting of hybrid rice.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of seeding device, and particularly relates to a vibration separation type rice seed seedling tray precision strip seeding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rice mechanized seedling raising is an important measure to improve agricultural production efficiency and realize high yield. The rice mechanized seedling raising includes the following processes: substrate tray filling and leveling, seeding, water spraying, soil covering, subsequent germination accelerating in a germination accelerating room, and seedling raising in a seedling training field (or greenhouse). The whole process is mature in technology, complete in equipment, and simple in operation. However, most of the current mechanized seedling raising adopts the method of broadcast seeding, and the seeds are distributed disorderly in the seedling tray. In some positions, the seed density is high, and in some positions, the seed density is low. When the seedling gripper of the subsequent rice transplanting machine grabs the seedlings, the seedling gripper is prone to miss grabbing and miss transplanting. In order to ensure that the seedling gripper of the rice transplanting machine can grab the seedlings every time, the number of seedlings grabbed by the seedling gripper every time should be more than 6, so as to ensure that there is no miss transplanting. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of seeds in the seedling tray, and the seeding amount of each tray is about 100-150 grams, which is equivalent to at least 2.0 kilograms of seed amount per mu. This is obviously not conducive to the mechanized planting of hybrid rice with expensive seeds (60-100 yuan per kilogram). At the same time, the seed density in the seedling tray is too large, the individual development competition of rice seedlings is intensified, and it is difficult to cultivate strong seedlings. Especially when the rice seedlings are delayed to more than 5 leaves, the seedling quality is poor, the rice transplanting quality is reduced, the return green period is prolonged, and the final rice yield is affected.

[0003] In recent years, some people have also proposed to use the form of strip seeding for rice seedling raising. However, the existing seedling tray strip seeding machine has poor universality, high machine cost, needs to replace the seed metering device when seeding different shapes and sizes of seeds, and is not matched with the existing seedling raising production line, which has poor universality and is difficult to be accepted by rice farmers. In order to expand the application area of hybrid rice mechanical transplanting, it is necessary to reduce the seed amount, cultivate strong seedlings, and ensure that there is no miss transplanting when the rice is mechanically transplanted, so as to lay a foundation for high-yield group construction and high yield. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for precision strip seeding of rice seedling raising production line seeds, which solves the problems of large seed amount, difficult efficient and uniform strip seeding, and cultivation of strong seedlings in the existing seedling raising production line.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows: A vibration separation type rice seed seedling tray precision strip seeding method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: rice seed soaking and water absorption drying or spin-drying; S2: seed coating with coating agent and seed dressing with seed lubricant; S3: filling the seedling tray with seedling raising substrate, and the substrate is soft, fine and free of large particles; S4: the seed treated in step S2 is loaded into the seed tank of the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine, and the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine opens the seedling substrate in the seedling tray, directional water spraying, and strip seeding of the seed; The seedling tray precision strip seeding machine comprises: a support frame for supporting various components of the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine; a groove pressing device arranged at the front of the support frame for opening a groove in the seedling tray after soil laying; a spraying device arranged between the groove pressing device and the row pipe spoon for directional water spraying to the opened groove; a seed tank fixed above the support frame for storing seeds and conveying seeds to the vibrating disc; the seed tank is a funnel structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the lower outlet of the seed tank is arranged above the vibrating disc; a vibrating disc arranged below the seed tank, which is matched with a vibrating motor for uniformly dispersing the seeds falling into the vibrating disc from the seed tank and arranging the seeds to the row pipe spoon; a row pipe spoon arranged behind the spraying device and in front of the vibrating disc, which is used for guiding the rice seeds discharged from the vibrating disc into the groove opened by the groove pressing device; S5: after the seeds are seeded into the groove of the seedling tray, a thin layer of topsoil is covered, and then the seedling raising procedure is entered; S6: when the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, the seedlings are transplanted in time.

[0006] Preferably, in step S4, the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine is installed on the existing seeding production line, the existing seeding production line comprises a conveying mechanism, a soil laying mechanism, a seeding mechanism, and a soil covering mechanism, the seeding mechanism on the existing seeding production line is removed, and the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine is installed on the seeding production line between the existing soil laying mechanism and the soil covering mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, in step S4, the groove pressing device is a groove pressing roller, which comprises a roller body and a support shaft, the two ends of the roller body are rotatably connected to the support frame through the support shaft, and a convex pressing ring is arranged on the roller body; a brush is also installed on the support frame above the groove pressing roller, the bristles of the brush are in contact with the roller body, and the brush is used for cleaning the seedling substrate adhered to the roller body.

[0008] Preferably, in step S4, the spraying device comprises a water pump, a water pipe and a directional water spraying pipe, one end of the water pipe is connected with a water source and the other end is connected with the directional water spraying pipe, the water pipe supplies water to the directional water spraying pipe through the water pump, the directional water spraying pipe is arranged close to the front of the line pipe spoon, the directional water spraying pipe is provided with water spraying holes at intervals, the number and position of the water spraying holes correspond to the number and position of the grooves. The directional water spraying pipe is arranged close to the front of the line pipe spoon, which aims to ensure that the seeds in the line pipe spoon immediately fall into the water and reduce the bouncing and dispersion of the seeds due to mutual collision when the water in the grooves has not yet penetrated and spread.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, the vibrating disc comprises a seed guiding plate, side plates and a seed blocking plate, the seed guiding plate is elastically connected with the support frame, the seed guiding plate is arranged in an inclined manner with one end higher and the other end lower, the seed guiding plate is bent close to the lower end to form a seed collecting table, the seed collecting table comprises a first area and a second area, the first area is close to the bending part of the seed guiding plate, the second area is close to the end of the seed guiding plate, the second area forms a step with the first area, and the height of the second area is higher than that of the first area; the side plates are fixed on both sides of the seed guiding plate, the seed blocking plate is detachably mounted on the side plates at both ends, and a through opening for the flow of seeds is arranged between the lower end of the seed blocking plate and the seed guiding plate; in operation, the seeds are discharged from the through opening, then enter the first area of the seed collecting table, and then fall into the line pipe spoon after being evenly distributed in the second area and then being evenly distributed in the grooves through the line pipe spoon.

[0010] Preferably, the seedling tray precision strip seeding machine further comprises a supporting plate and a supporting plate, the seed guiding plate of the vibrating disc is fixed on the supporting plate, the supporting plate is connected with the supporting plate through shock-absorbing springs at both sides, the supporting plate is detachably fixed at both ends with the support frame, the supporting plate is arranged in an inclined manner with the rear end higher and the front end lower, and the vibrating disc is also arranged in an inclined manner with the rear end higher and the front end lower; the vibrating motor is installed on the back of the supporting plate, and the vibrating motor drives the supporting plate and the vibrating disc to vibrate.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, the line pipe spoon comprises a plurality of half-opened circular pipes and a horizontal plate, a plurality of half-opened circular pipes are fixed on the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is connected with the support frame at both ends, and the horizontal plate is arranged inclined from top to bottom to the inside of the vibrating disc, the half-opened circular pipes are also arranged inclined from top to bottom to the back, and the upper opening of the half-opened circular pipe is larger than the lower opening.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the amount of seeds planted in each seedling tray is 60-100 grams.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, the seedling raising program comprises: stacking the seedling trays and placing them in a dark room for germination, and then moving them to a seedling field or a seedling raising greenhouse for seedling raising; the temperature for germination is 30-35 degrees, and the time is 12-24 hours.

[0014] Preferably, the seedling raising substrate is pure soil treated by crushing and screening, or is a rice seedling raising substrate purchased or mixed from the market.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The traditional seedling tray seeder adopts an outer groove wheel type seed metering device, when the required seeding amount is small, the seeds are not continuously sowed, the seeds are unevenly distributed in the seedling tray, and the seed metering wheel needs to be replaced regularly due to wear after long-term operation. The seedling tray precision drill seeder of the present application uses the principle of vibrating screen to sow seeds, and has no special requirements for the size and shape of the seeds, and the seeds are evenly sowed. There is no need to increase the seeding amount in order to reduce the missing rate of machine transplanting, which not only greatly reduces the seed consumption and saves the seed cost, but also effectively guarantees the quality of sowing and transplanting.

[0016] 2. The vibrating disc of the seedling tray precision drill seeder comprises a seed guiding plate, side plates and a seed blocking plate. The seed guiding plate is obliquely arranged and the bottom is bent to form a seed collecting table. The side plates are arranged on both sides of the seed guiding plate. The seed blocking plate is fixed at both ends of the two side plates, and a seed flow passage is arranged between the lower end of the seed blocking plate and the seed guiding plate. During operation, the seeds are discharged from the seed flow passage, then evenly spread on the seed collecting table of the seed guiding plate, and then uniformly arranged in the groove through the linear arrangement pipe. Further, the seed collecting table comprises a first area and a second area in the form of steps. The second area is close to the end of the seed guiding plate, and the height is slightly higher than that of the first area. This is conducive to the uniform spreading of the seeds from the second area after being arranged neatly in the first area and falling into the linear arrangement pipe spoon, realizing the uniform strip sowing of rice seeds, which is conducive to the cultivation of neat seedlings and the mechanical transplanting in the later period.

[0017] 3. The present application innovatively adopts directional water injection into the groove for reseeding, which can provide appropriate moisture for seed germination, improve the germination rate and the growth speed of seedlings. When the water content of the substrate is too low and the texture is too hard, or when the substrate contains large particles of impurities, it is difficult for the press roller to press a decent groove. Even so, the seeds will not jump and disperse when falling on the water surface in the directional water injection in the groove. As the moisture penetrates downward, the seeds are close to the substrate, and the linear distribution effect is naturally good.

[0018] 4. All components of the present application are connected by connecting pieces, which can be flexibly and conveniently adapted to almost all traditional seedling raising production lines, belong to general-purpose technology, and are conducive to popularization and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference signs. In the drawings, various elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual proportion.

[0020] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a photo of different seeding modes of the application.

[0026] In which, the main figure mark explanation: 1, groove pressing device; 11, roller body; 12, support shaft; 2, support frame; 3, vibration disc; 31, seed guide plate; 311, seed collecting table; 3111, first area; 3112, second area; 32, side plate; 33, seed blocking plate; 4, row pipe spoon; 41, half-opened round pipe; 42, cross plate; 5, vibration motor; 6, supporting plate; 7, supporting plate; 8, brush; 9, spraying device; 91, directional water spraying pipe; 10, seed box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0028] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0029] In the description of the application, the meaning of one or more is one or more, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the terms "first", "second", "third" are described for the purpose of description and for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0030] In the description of the application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "setting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The embodiments are described below according to the overall structure of the application.

[0031] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, a seedling tray precision drill is provided, comprising: a support frame 2, which is erected above the seeding pipeline, for supporting various components of the seedling tray precision drill; a groove pressing device 1, which is arranged between the soil laying mechanism and the vibrating disc 3, for opening a groove in the seedling tray after laying soil; a spraying device 9, which is arranged between the groove pressing device 1 and the row pipe spoon 4, for directional water spraying to the opened groove; a seed box 10, which is fixed above the support frame 2, for storing seeds and conveying seeds to the vibrating disc 3; the seed box 10 is a funnel structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the lower outlet of the seed box 10 is inserted into the vibrating disc 3; a vibrating disc 3, which is arranged below the seed box 10, and is matched with a vibrating motor 5, for uniformly dispersing the seeds falling into the vibrating disc 3 and discharging them to the row pipe spoon 4; a row pipe spoon 4, which is arranged behind the spraying device 9 and in front of the vibrating disc 3, and is used for guiding the rice seeds discharged from the vibrating disc 3 into the groove opened by the groove pressing device 1.

[0032] The seedling tray precision drill seeder of the application is provided with a groove pressing device 1 for opening a groove on the seedling tray substrate, and is matched with a vibrating disc 3 and a row pipe spoon 4, and the rice seeds are uniformly and row-wise sown into the groove of the seedling tray substrate by using the vibrating screen to separate and distribute, so that the seedling tray precision row-wise sowing is realized; meanwhile, the directional water injection and re-sowing into the groove is innovatively adopted, the seeds are stably settled in the groove with water and can quickly absorb water and germinate, and the problems of the discontinuous seed sowing, large seed consumption and disordered distribution of the seeds in the seedling tray of the ordinary outer groove wheel type sowing device are solved.

[0033] In combination Figure 2 , the groove pressing device 1 is a groove pressing roller, which comprises a roller body 11 and a support shaft 12, and the two ends of the roller body 11 are rotationally connected with the support frame 2 through the support shaft 12. Specifically, a support seat with a through hole is installed on the support frame 2, the support shaft 12 penetrates the through hole of the support seat and can rotate relative to the through hole, and a limiting block such as a bolt can be further arranged at the outer end of the support shaft 12, the diameter of the limiting block is larger than that of the through hole, and the limiting block is in contact with the support seat to further prevent the left and right movement of the groove pressing roller. The roller body 11 is provided with a convex ring in an interval, and the number and interval of the convex ring correspond to those of the row pipe spoon 4. In this embodiment, the roller body 11 is specially designed with a tooth-shaped milling cutter to mill a nylon rod into a convex ring structure in an interval. The groove pressing roller presses a groove in the seedling tray substrate by the action of gravity. A brush 8 is further installed on the support frame 2 obliquely above the groove pressing roller, the brush 8 is in a cylindrical shape, comprising a horizontal rod arranged on the support frame 2 and brush hairs fixed on the circumference of the horizontal rod, the horizontal rod can rotate relative to the support frame 2, and the brush hairs of the brush 8 are in contact with the roller body 11 for cleaning the seedling substrate adhered to the roller body 11.

[0034] In combination Figure 3 , the spraying device 9 comprises a water pump, a water pipe and a directional water spraying pipe 91, one end of the water pipe is connected with a water source, the other end is connected with the directional water spraying pipe 91, and the directional water spraying pipe 91 is supplied with water by the water pump. The directional water spraying pipe 91 is arranged immediately in front of the row pipe spoon 4, a plurality of water spraying holes are arranged on the directional water spraying pipe in an interval, the number and position of the water spraying holes correspond to those of the convex rings of the groove pressing device 1, and the directional water spraying pipe 91 realizes the directional water spraying of the groove. The directional water spraying pipe 91 can be fixed on the support frame 2 by existing methods such as binding ropes and buckles, and the directional water spraying pipe 91 is arranged immediately in front of the row pipe spoon 4, which aims to make the seeds in the row pipe spoon 4 immediately fall into the water when the water in the groove has not been penetrated and diffused, reduce the bouncing and dispersion of the seeds due to the mutual collision of the seeds, and ensure the linear distribution of the seeds in the seedling tray.

[0035] In combination Figure 4, the seedling tray precision drill further comprises a supporting plate 7, the guide plate 31 of the vibrating disc 3 is fixed on the supporting plate 6, the supporting plate 6 is connected with the supporting plate 7 through shock-absorbing springs at both sides and lower part, the supporting plate 7 is detachably fixed with the supporting frame 2 at both ends, the supporting plate 7 is arranged in an inclined shape with the rear end being higher and the front end being lower, and the vibrating disc 3 is also arranged in an inclined shape with the rear end being higher and the front end being lower. Further, the supporting plate 7 is provided with an oblong hole, the supporting plate 6 is provided with a screw hole, and the supporting plate 7 and the supporting plate 6 are detachably fixed through bolts. The installation position of the supporting plate 6 can be adjusted as required, so as to adjust the position of the vibrating disc 3. In other embodiments, the supporting plate 6 can also be fixed with the supporting frame through a hinge and a bolt. The vibrating motor 5 is installed on the back of the supporting plate 6, and the vibrating motor 5 drives the supporting plate 6 and the vibrating disc 3 to vibrate.

[0036] In combination Figure 4 , the vibrating disc 3 comprises a guide plate 31, a side plate 3231 and a seed blocking plate 33, the guide plate 31 is elastically connected with the supporting frame 2, the guide plate 31 is arranged in an inclined shape with one end being higher and the other end being lower, and the guide plate 31 is bent near the lower end to form a seed collecting table 311. The seed collecting table 311 can control the flow rate of seed outflow. Further, the seed collecting table 311 comprises a first area 3111 and a second area 3112, the first area 3111 is close to the bending part of the guide plate 31, the second area 3112 is close to the end of the guide plate 31, the second area 3112 forms a step with the first area 3111, and the height of the second area 3112 is higher than that of the first area 3111. In this embodiment, a piece of polytetrafluoroethylene plate (about 1 mm) is bonded to the second area 3112, so that a certain step is formed and the adhesion of impurities is reduced. The design of the stepped seed collecting table 311 is beneficial to the gathering and neat arrangement of rice seeds in the first area 3111, and then the rice seeds are more uniformly outflowed to the row pipe spoon 4. The side plate 3231 is fixed on both sides of the guide plate 31, and is used to block the seed flowing out of the seeder from leaking to both sides. The seed blocking plate 33 is detachably installed on the side plate 3231 at both ends, and a through hole for seed flow is arranged between the lower end of the seed blocking plate 33 and the guide plate 31. Specifically, the seed blocking plate 33 is bent on both sides to form an installation part, the installation part is provided with an oblong hole, the side plate 3231 is provided with a positioning hole, a bolt penetrates through the oblong hole and the positioning hole to detachably fix the seed blocking plate 33 and the side plate 3231. The inclination angle of the seed blocking plate and the size of the through hole between the seed blocking plate 33 and the guide plate 31 can be adjusted according to the size of the seed and the seeding density. In work, the seed is discharged from the through hole, then enters the first area 3111 of the seed collecting table 311, and then falls into the row pipe spoon 4 after being evenly spread in the second area 3112, and is uniformly discharged into the trench through the row pipe spoon 4.

[0037] In combination Figure 5The row of tube spoons 4 includes a plurality of semi-open circular tubes 41 and a transverse plate 42. The plurality of semi-open circular tubes 41 are tightly arranged and adhered to the transverse plate 42. Slots are provided at both ends of the transverse plate 42 to facilitate left and right movement. The transverse plate 42 is screwed to the vertical beams on both sides of the frame through angle codes, and the transverse plate 42 is tilted from top to bottom toward the inner side of the vibration plate 3. The inner angle of the angle code is 30-45 degrees to ensure that the seeds flow smoothly in the tube spoon. The upper opening of the semi-open circular tube 41 is larger than the lower opening. The lower opening of each semi-open circular tube 41 corresponds to the groove position in the seedling tray, which is convenient for guiding rice seeds into the groove of the seedling tray. The tube spoon is pressed with high-quality stainless steel plate, and the surface is smooth and not easy to adhere to seeds and other impurities. The tube spoon is bonded to the transverse plate with epoxy resin to avoid bulges on the tube wall caused by electric welding, which affects the flow of seeds.

[0038] The seedling tray precision drill of the present invention is installed on an existing seeding production line for use: The existing sowing production line includes a conveying mechanism, a soil-spreading mechanism, a sowing mechanism and a soil-covering mechanism; the conveying mechanism is a belt conveying mechanism for transmitting seedling trays; the soil-spreading mechanism is used to load the seedling trays with seedling matrix and flatten the matrix; the sowing mechanism is used to sow seeds into the seedling matrix of the seedling tray, and the soil-covering mechanism is used to cover the seedling trays with soil after sowing.

[0039] (1) Remove the sowing mechanism on the existing sowing production line, install the seeding tray precision drill of the present invention on the sowing production line immediately next to the soil spreading mechanism, and properly adjust the height and width so that the row of tube spoons 4 of the seeding tray precision drill fits precisely with the seeding tray; (2) Pull out the water outlet pipe of the original water sprayer on the seeding production line and connect it to the directional water spray pipe 91 of the present invention; (3) Remove the soil-leveling roller connected to the soil-laying machine on the original seeding production line and install the groove pressing roller of the present invention; (4) Fill the soil spreading machine and soil covering machine with seedling substrate, which should be soft, fine and without large particles; (5) Load the treated seeds into the seed drill hopper, place empty seedling trays in the seeding production line, start the conveyor mechanism and seedling tray precision drill, and let the seeds fall into the seedling trays, which are then collected and weighed. Repeat this step according to the preset seeding amount and weighing data, while adjusting the vibration frequency of the vibration motor 5 until the seeding amount meets the preset indicators; (6) Set the main switch of the seeding production line to the "OFF" position, and adjust the switches of the soil spreading mechanism, the spraying device 9, the conveying mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism to the "ON" position; (7) Start the total switch, press the vibration motor 5 button after 3 seconds, the matrix is loaded into the tray, and the groove is opened by the pressure groove roller, the water is injected into the groove by the spraying device 9, the seeds fall into the vibration tray 3 from the seed box 10 under the action of vibration force, and are uniformly dispersed and accurately fall into the groove with water through the linked row pipe spoon 4 to realize the row distribution of the seeds; the tray is covered with soil, and then the seeding production line is moved out from the end and enters the seedling raising program.

[0040] Example 2 The tray precision drill seeder of Example 1 is used for the seeding of rice, and the seeded rice variety is Guiyefeng, and the thousand-grain weight of the seed is 22 grams. The seedling raising matrix is a Chaimihe brand rice special matrix purchased from the market (Huai'an Chaimihe Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd.). The rice is strip-seeded and raised according to the following method: S1: The rice seeds are soaked and water is absorbed, and then dried; S2: The seeds are coated with a coating agent in a seed mixer, and then the seeds are coated with a seed lubricant; the coating agent is a Lian Duan brand coating agent purchased on the market (Xian Zhengda Company), which is used according to the instructions, and the seed lubricant is a Shuang Xing brand seed lubricant purchased on the market (Qingdao Laixi City Shuang Xing Graphite Processing Factory). Of course, other brands of coating agents and seed lubricants can also be used. The seed lubricant can enhance the flowability of the seeds to avoid seed jamming and stagnation.

[0041] S3: The tray precision drill seeder of Example 1 is installed on the existing rice seeding line, and the mechanical seeding is carried out according to the use method of Example 1. Before seeding, the seedling matrix is filled into the soil laying mechanism and the soil covering mechanism, and the seedling matrix is a pure soil that is crushed and sieved. The seeds treated in step S2 are loaded into the seed box 10 of the tray precision drill seeder. Then the automatic loading of the seedling matrix, the seedling matrix opening, the directional water spraying, the strip-seeding of the seeds and the soil covering are realized. As shown in (a) of Figure 6 , 60 grams of seeds are seeded per tray, a total of 18 rows, and the seeds are arranged in a row in the tray.

[0042] S4: The tray is covered with soil, and then the flow line is moved out from the end and enters the seedling raising program. The seedling raising program includes: the trays are stacked and placed in a dark room for germination, and then moved to a seedling field or a seedling raising greenhouse for seedling raising; the temperature for germination is 35 degrees, and the time is 12 hours.

[0043] S5: When the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, the seedlings are transplanted in time.

[0044] Comparative Example 1 The seeded rice variety is Guiyefeng, and the thousand-grain weight of the seed is 22 grams. The rice seeds are seeded on the tray by scattering, and 60 grams of seeds are seeded per tray. The morphology after seeding is as shown in Figure 6As shown in (b) of the figure, the sowing mode will appear uneven situation of partial position high density and partial position low density. When the seedling gripper of the subsequent transplanter grabs seedlings, the phenomenon of missing grabbing and missing sowing is prone to occur.

[0045] Comparative Example 2 The sowed rice variety is also Guiye Feng, and the thousand seed weight of the seed is 22 grams. The rice seeds are sowed on the seedling tray in a scattering manner, and 100 grams of seeds are sowed on each tray. The sowing mode is as shown in (c) of the figure, the sowing density is relatively high, the number of seedlings grabbed by the seedling gripper each time is more than 6, and basically no missing insertion occurs. However, the seed amount is large, and there is a great waste phenomenon. At the same time, the seed density in the seedling tray is too large, the individual development competition of the rice seedlings is intensified, it is difficult to cultivate strong seedlings, especially when the transplanted seedlings are delayed to old seedlings with more than 5 leaves, the seedling quality is poor, the transplanted quality is reduced, the green period is prolonged, and the final rice yield is affected. Figure 6

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the sowing and seedling raising method of the embodiment 2 can realize uniform sowing under the condition of less seed amount, and can solve the problems of uneven sowing in the comparative example 1, missing grabbing and missing insertion of the seedling gripper when grabbing seedlings, and large seed amount and difficult cultivation of strong seedlings in the comparative example 2.

[0047] In summary, the application innovatively adopts directional water injection into the groove and then sowing, and is matched with the self-developed seedling tray precision strip sowing machine, so that the seeds are continuously arranged in rows in the seedling tray, 16-18 rows are sowed on each seedling tray, the seeds are uniformly distributed, the seed amount of each seedling tray is 60-80 grams, the seed amount is reduced by about 30% under the premise of ensuring that the seedling gripper of the transplanter can grab seedlings each time, the missing insertion rate and the seedling damage rate of the machine insertion are reduced; at the same time, strong seedlings can be cultivated, the uniformity of the transplanted seedlings can be improved, and the rice yield can be increased, and the application is especially suitable for the mechanized cultivation and transplanted seedlings of hybrid rice.

[0048] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the application are for the purpose of illustration and example only and are not intended to be limiting of the application, which is expressly intended to encompass all changes and modifications to the exemplary embodiments commensurate with the above teachings and within the spirit and scope of the application, as defined by the following claims. Although exemplary embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The description and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded as illustrative rather than a restriction on the scope of the application.​

Claims

1. A vibration separation type rice seed tray precision drilling method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: soak the rice seeds to absorb enough water and air dry or spin dry; S2: coating the seeds with a coating agent and dressing the seeds with a seed lubricant; S3: Fill the seedling tray with the seedling medium, which should be soft and fine without large particles; S4: The seeds processed in step S2 are loaded into the seed box of the precision seed drill in the seedling tray, and the precision seed drill in the seedling tray opens rows, sprays water in a directional manner, and sows the seeds in parallel; The seedling tray precision seed drill comprises: A support frame, the support frame is used to support various components of the precision seed drill; A groove pressing device is provided at the front of the support frame and is used to open grooves in the seedling tray after soil is spread; A spraying device is provided between the groove pressing device and the linked pipe scoop, and is used for spraying water in a direction toward the opened grooves; A seed box is fixed above the support frame and is used to store seeds and transport them to the vibrating plate. The seed box is a funnel structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the lower outlet of the seed box is located above the vibrating plate. A vibration plate is provided below the seed box and is equipped with a vibration motor for evenly distributing the seeds dropped from the seed box into the vibration plate and distributing them to the linked tube scoops; A linked pipe scoop, which is arranged behind the spray device and in front of the vibrating plate, and is used to guide the rice seeds discharged from the vibrating plate into the grooves opened by the groove pressing device; S5: After the seeds are sown into the grooves of the seedling tray, they are covered with a thin layer of topsoil and then enter the seedling raising process; S6: When the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, transplant them in time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the seedling tray precision drill is installed on the existing sowing production line. The existing sowing production line includes a conveying mechanism, a soil-spreading mechanism, a sowing mechanism and a soil-covering mechanism. The sowing mechanism on the existing sowing production line is removed, and the seedling tray precision drill is installed on the sowing production line between the existing soil-spreading mechanism and the soil-covering mechanism.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the grooving device is a grooving roller, which includes a roller body and a support shaft. Both ends of the roller body are rotatably connected to the support frame through the support shaft, and raised pressure rings are arranged at intervals on the roller body; a brush is also installed on the support frame obliquely above the grooving roller, and the bristles of the brush are in contact with the roller body for cleaning the seedling substrate adhered to the roller body.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S4, the spraying device includes a water pump, a water pipe and a directional water spray pipe. One end of the water pipe is connected to the water source and the other end is connected to the directional water spray pipe. Water is supplied to the directional water spray pipe through the water pump. The directional water spray pipe is arranged adjacent to the front of the linked pipe scoop. Water spray holes are arranged at intervals on the directional spray pipe. The number and position of the water spray holes correspond to the number and position of the grooves.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S4, the vibration plate includes a seed guide plate, a side plate and a seed baffle plate, the seed guide plate is elastically connected to the support frame, the seed guide plate is arranged in an inclined shape with one end high and the other end low, and the seed guide plate is bent near the lower end to form a seed collecting platform, the seed collecting platform includes a first area and a second area, the first area is close to the bending part of the seed guide plate, the second area is close to the end of the seed guide plate, the second area forms a step with the first area, and the height of the second area is higher than that of the first area; the side plates are fixed on both sides of the seed guide plate, and the two ends of the seed baffle plate are respectively detachably mounted on the side plates, and a passage for seed flow is provided between the lower end of the seed baffle plate and the seed guide plate; during operation, the seeds are discharged from the passage, and then enter the first area of ​​the seed collecting platform, and then spread evenly through the second area and fall into the linked tube spoon, and are evenly discharged into the groove through the linked tube spoon.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The seedling tray precision drill also includes a pallet and a support plate, the seed guide plate of the vibration plate is fixed on the pallet, the lower sides of the pallet are connected to the support plate through shock-absorbing springs, the two ends of the support plate are detachably fixed to the support frame, the support plate is arranged in an inclined shape with the rear end higher and the front end lower, and the vibration plate is also arranged in an inclined shape with the rear end higher and the front end lower; the vibration motor is installed on the back of the pallet, and the vibration motor drives the pallet and the vibration plate to vibrate.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the row of tube scoops includes a plurality of semi-open circular tubes and a transverse plate. The plurality of semi-open circular tubes are tightly fixed on the transverse plate. Both ends of the transverse plate are connected to the support frame, and the transverse plate is tilted from top to bottom toward the inner side of the vibration plate. The semi-open circular tubes are also tilted from top to bottom and backward, and the upper opening of the semi-open circular tubes is larger than the lower opening.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the amount of seeds planted in each seedling tray is 60-100 grams.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S5, the seedling raising procedure includes: stacking the seedling trays and placing them in a dark room for germination, and then moving them to a seedling hardening field or a seedling raising greenhouse for germination; the germination temperature is 30-35 degrees and the time is 12-24 hours.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The seedling raising medium is pure soil that has been crushed and sieved, or is a special medium for raising rice seedlings purchased or mixed from the market.

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