Potato precision irrigation system based on internet of things

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of potato irrigation, and particularly relates to a potato precision irrigation system based on the Internet of Things. The system comprises a movable irrigation point for irrigating potatoes, which can more accurately realize the irrigation of potatoes; and an analysis unit determines the irrigation state based on water use efficiency, and adjusts the point coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to the region point with a penetration depth lower than the preset penetration depth based on the irrigation state, adjusts the concentration of vitamin C solution when the cumulative irrigation frequency reaches the preset frequency and the irrigation state is still unqualified, and adjusts the irrigation amount when irrigating the vitamin C solution, so that the irrigation of potatoes is more effective. The present application determines the irrigation state based on water use efficiency, and adjusts the parameters when the irrigation state is unqualified, so that the irrigation of potatoes is more accurate, thereby further improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of potato irrigation, and more particularly to a precision potato irrigation system based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are shallow-rooted crops, with roots mostly distributed in the 0-30cm soil layer. They are sensitive to water and their water requirements are phased: the water requirement during tuber formation and enlargement accounts for more than 70% of the total growth period. Traditional flood irrigation / furrow irrigation has drawbacks such as large water waste (utilization rate <40%), soil compaction, and high risk of disease, while rainfed agriculture is vulnerable to drought.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112806196A discloses a smart irrigation control system and irrigation system for potatoes. The invention includes a control system comprising: a monitoring subsystem, including a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, a lower-level machine, a controller, and a solenoid valve; at least one of the above monitoring subsystems is provided, each corresponding to a potato greenhouse, and each monitoring subsystem is installed in the corresponding potato greenhouse; and a control subsystem, including a host computer and a control function system configured on the host computer. The host computer includes a display screen, and each controller is connected to the host computer. The control function system interacts with the user through a control interface to configure parameters, display parameters, generate instructions, and send instructions to the corresponding controller.

[0004] It is evident that the existing technology has the following problems: it cannot adjust based on the reasons for unqualified irrigation conditions, which leads to deviations in potato irrigation and further reduces the irrigation efficiency of potatoes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this issue, the present invention provides a precision irrigation system for potatoes based on the Internet of Things, which overcomes the problem in the prior art that cannot adjust based on the reasons for unsatisfactory irrigation conditions, resulting in deviations in potato irrigation and further reducing the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a potato precision irrigation system based on the Internet of Things, comprising:

[0007] The irrigation unit includes several irrigation devices mounted on tracks in the ceiling, which irrigate potatoes by moving irrigation points. The irrigation materials are water and vitamin C solution.

[0008] A timing unit, which is connected to the irrigation unit, is used to remind the irrigation unit to perform irrigation operations;

[0009] The data acquisition unit includes several irrigation recording devices for calculating irrigation volume, several infiltration sensors for detecting soil infiltration depth, and several water accumulation detectors set at different locations in the area to detect the thickness of surface water.

[0010] A statistical unit used to count potato yield;

[0011] The calculation unit is connected to the acquisition unit and the statistics unit respectively, and is used to calculate water use efficiency based on potato yield and the total irrigation amount of each region.

[0012] An analysis unit, connected to the calculation unit, is used to determine the irrigation status of the irrigation unit based on the water use efficiency, and to adjust the coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to the area where the infiltration depth is lower than the preset infiltration depth based on the irrigation status. When the cumulative number of irrigations reaches the preset number and the irrigation status is still unqualified, the concentration of vitamin C is adjusted.

[0013] An adjustment unit, connected to the analysis unit, is used to adjust corresponding parameters for irrigating potatoes. The parameters include the coordinates of the irrigation device and the concentration of vitamin C.

[0014] Furthermore, the analysis unit is also used to determine whether to adjust the position of the irrigation device at the core point based on the average infiltration depth calculated from the infiltration depths obtained by each of the infiltration sensors and the infiltration depth at the core point. The position adjustment is determined after the irrigation state is determined to be a first state. The first state is when the water use efficiency is less than a first preset efficiency and greater than a second preset efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the acquisition unit is also used to acquire permeation depth cross-sectional images and peak points at several locations, wherein the peak point is the point corresponding to the peak value of the permeation depth in the cross-sectional image; the adjustment unit is also used to reduce the distance between the peak point and the core point based on the difference between the expected permeation depth of the core point and the corresponding permeation depth, and the difference is proportional to the reduction in distance; the adjustment unit is also used to adjust the irrigation point of the irrigation device based on the moving distance and the moving direction, wherein the moving distance is determined according to the reduction in distance, and the moving direction is the direction of the line connecting the peak point and the core point.

[0016] Furthermore, the analysis unit is also used to increase the single irrigation volume based on the difference between the preset infiltration depth and the corresponding infiltration depth of the core point, and the difference is proportional to the increase in the single irrigation volume; wherein, after the position adjustment of the irrigation device at the core point is completed, the adjustment is performed when the irrigation state is determined to be the first state and the preset infiltration depth of the core point is greater than the corresponding infiltration depth; during the adjustment process, the increase in the single irrigation volume is repeated at least once until the irrigation state is qualified and the preset infiltration depth of the core point is less than or equal to the corresponding infiltration depth, at which point the increase in the single irrigation volume is stopped.

[0017] Furthermore, the analysis unit is also used to adjust the concentration of the vitamin C solution based on the average thickness of the water accumulation on the ground, wherein the adjustment is performed when the cumulative number of irrigations exceeds the preset number of irrigations, the irrigation status is still unqualified, and the preset penetration depth of the core point is still greater than the corresponding penetration depth.

[0018] Furthermore, the adjustment unit is also used to increase the concentration of vitamin C solution based on the difference between the average thickness of the accumulated water on the ground and a preset thickness, and the difference is proportional to the increase in concentration.

[0019] Furthermore, the adjustment unit is also used to reduce the irrigation amount based on the average water accumulation thickness, and the average water accumulation thickness is proportional to the reduction in irrigation amount.

[0020] Furthermore, the analysis unit is also used to increase the soil thickness at each growth stage of the potato based on the difference between the preset water use efficiency and the water use efficiency, and the difference is proportional to the increase in soil thickness at each growth stage of the potato. The adjustment is made when the irrigation state is determined to be a second state based on the water use efficiency. The second state is when the water use efficiency is less than the second preset efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the adjustment unit is also used to adjust the thickness of straw cover based on the soil thickness at each growth stage of the potato, and the increase in soil thickness is proportional to the increase in straw cover thickness.

[0022] Furthermore, the collection unit is also used to obtain the recovery ratio, which is the ratio of the amount of water recovered from the soil to the amount of irrigation; the adjustment unit is also used to reduce the amount of irrigation when the potatoes are in the tuber enlargement stage based on the recovery ratio, and the recovery ratio is proportional to the reduction in the amount of irrigation.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by using soil containers for potato cultivation, the system includes setting movable irrigation points to irrigate potatoes, enabling more precise irrigation; and by using an analysis unit to determine the irrigation status based on water use efficiency, and adjusting the coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to areas with a penetration depth lower than a preset penetration depth based on the irrigation status, adjusting the concentration of vitamin C solution when the cumulative number of irrigations reaches a preset number and the irrigation status is still unqualified, and adjusting the irrigation amount when irrigating with vitamin C solution, thereby making potato irrigation more effective and improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0024] Furthermore, when the irrigation state is determined to be the first state by water use efficiency, the present invention determines whether to adjust the position of the irrigation device at the core point based on the average infiltration depth and the infiltration depth at the core point. This allows for more accurate adjustment of the position of the irrigation device at the core point, thereby enabling more precise irrigation of potatoes and further improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0025] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the distance between the peak point and the core point of the penetration depth profile by the difference between the expected penetration depth and the actual penetration depth of the core point, and determines the moving distance of the irrigation point of the irrigation device based on the distance. This allows for more accurate control of the movement of the irrigation point, maximizing the irrigation volume at the core point and thus improving irrigation accuracy.

[0026] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the single irrigation volume by the difference between the preset penetration depth and the actual penetration depth of the core point, and re-determines the irrigation state and the actual penetration depth of the core point after each adjustment of the irrigation volume. Under certain conditions, the adjustment of the single irrigation volume is stopped. This invention can accurately adjust the single irrigation volume and precisely control whether the adjustment of the single irrigation volume is stopped, thereby improving irrigation accuracy and thus improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0027] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the concentration of vitamin C solution by regulating the average thickness of water accumulation on the ground and performs this adjustment process under certain conditions. This can alleviate the problem of soil compaction when the soil becomes compacted and cannot effectively absorb water, thereby preventing the potato yield from being affected by soil compaction and improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0028] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the concentration of vitamin C solution by the difference between the average thickness of water accumulation on the ground and the preset thickness. This allows for a more accurate determination of the vitamin C solution concentration, preventing the soil from becoming overly acidic due to a mismatch in vitamin C solution concentration, which could negatively impact potato cultivation. Consequently, precise adjustment of the vitamin C solution concentration improves irrigation efficiency for potatoes.

[0029] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the irrigation amount based on the average water accumulation thickness during vitamin C solution irrigation, avoiding excessive irrigation that would dilute the vitamin C solution and prevent soil compaction from being resolved in time. This allows for more accurate adjustment of the irrigation amount, thereby further improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0030] Furthermore, this invention adjusts the soil thickness at each growth stage of potatoes by pre-setting the difference between water use efficiency and water use efficiency. This allows for precise adjustment of the soil thickness at each growth stage of potatoes when soil water holding capacity is poor, thereby further improving the water use efficiency of potatoes during irrigation.

[0031] Furthermore, by adjusting the thickness of straw mulch based on the soil thickness at each growth stage of potatoes, this invention can further reduce soil moisture evaporation, thereby improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes.

[0032] Furthermore, by adjusting the irrigation amount of potatoes during the tuber enlargement stage based on the recovery ratio, the present invention can irrigate potatoes during the tuber enlargement stage based on the soil's recycled water, thereby increasing the utilization rate of water resources, improving the water use efficiency of potatoes, and further improving the irrigation efficiency of potatoes. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things-based precision irrigation system for potatoes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the IoT-based precision irrigation method for potatoes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the water use efficiency based on a comparison with a pre-stored preset efficiency, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of adjusting parameters based on the difference between a preset water use efficiency and the actual water use efficiency in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the potato precision irrigation system based on the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The structure includes an irrigation unit, a timing unit, a data acquisition unit, a statistics unit, a calculation unit, an analysis unit, and a regulation unit.

[0042] The irrigation unit includes several irrigation devices mounted on tracks in the ceiling, which irrigate potatoes by moving irrigation points. The irrigation materials are water and vitamin C solution.

[0043] A timing unit, which is connected to the irrigation unit, is used to remind the irrigation unit to perform irrigation operations;

[0044] The data acquisition unit includes several irrigation recording devices for calculating irrigation volume, several infiltration sensors for detecting soil infiltration depth, and several water accumulation detectors set at different locations in the area to detect the thickness of surface water.

[0045] A statistical unit used to count potato yield;

[0046] The calculation unit is connected to the acquisition unit and the statistics unit respectively, and is used to calculate water use efficiency based on potato yield and the total irrigation amount of each region.

[0047] An analysis unit, connected to the calculation unit, is used to determine the irrigation status of the irrigation unit based on the water use efficiency, and to adjust the coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to the area where the infiltration depth is lower than the preset infiltration depth based on the irrigation status. When the cumulative number of irrigations reaches the preset number and the irrigation status is still unqualified, the concentration of vitamin C is adjusted.

[0048] An adjustment unit, connected to the analysis unit, is used to adjust corresponding parameters for irrigating potatoes. The parameters include the coordinates of the irrigation device and the concentration of vitamin C.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the irrigation unit uses a grid-like track and a motor and automated program to control the movement of the irrigation device to irrigate the potatoes at precise irrigation points. The timing unit uses the irrigation unit to irrigate the potatoes when the irrigation points are reached. Irrigation volume recording devices, permeability sensors, and technical detectors are set at soil points at equal intervals. The calculation unit calculates the potato yield from the statistics unit and the extreme water use efficiency of the irrigation volume from the collection unit. The analysis unit determines whether the irrigation status is qualified based on the water use efficiency and adjusts the relevant irrigation parameters based on the irrigation status.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, water use efficiency is the ratio of potato yield to irrigation amount, which is a core indicator for measuring the dry matter or economic yield produced by plants using water.

[0051] Please see Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of the steps of the precision irrigation method for potatoes based on the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] The following are the steps of a precision irrigation method for potatoes based on the Internet of Things:

[0053] S1, irrigates potatoes by moving irrigation points through irrigation units, wherein the irrigation materials are water and vitamin C solution;

[0054] S2, the irrigation unit is reminded to perform irrigation operation through a timing unit connected to the irrigation unit;

[0055] S3, through the data acquisition unit, is used to count irrigation volume, detect soil infiltration depth, and detect surface water thickness;

[0056] S4, potato yield is calculated using statistical units;

[0057] S5, the calculation unit connected to the acquisition unit and the statistics unit respectively calculates the water use efficiency based on the potato yield and the total irrigation amount of each region;

[0058] S6, the analysis unit connected to the calculation unit determines the irrigation status of the irrigation unit based on the water use efficiency, and adjusts the coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to the area where the infiltration depth is lower than the preset infiltration depth based on the irrigation status, and adjusts the concentration of vitamin C when the cumulative number of irrigations reaches the preset number and the irrigation status is still unqualified.

[0059] S7, the corresponding parameters are adjusted by the adjustment unit connected to the analysis unit to irrigate the potatoes, wherein the parameters include the location coordinates of the irrigation device and the concentration of vitamin C.

[0060] Please see Figure 3 The diagram shows the steps for determining the water use efficiency based on the comparison between the water use efficiency and the pre-stored preset efficiency in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the water use efficiency L0 can be divided into a first preset efficiency L1 and a second preset efficiency L2, and the first preset efficiency L1 is set to 7 kg / m³ in the water use efficiency standard. 3 The second preset deviation value L2 = 4 kg / m 3 It should be noted that in other embodiments, the values ​​of L1 and L2 can also be determined based on the irrigation requirements of potatoes; the comparison process between water use efficiency L and L1 and L2 is as follows:

[0062] If the water use efficiency L is greater than or equal to the first preset efficiency L1, it indicates that the irrigation status of potatoes is normal, that is, the yield is normal under a certain amount of irrigation, and the irrigation status is deemed qualified.

[0063] If the water use efficiency L is less than the first preset efficiency L1 and greater than the second preset efficiency L2, the water use efficiency is poor and this irrigation state is recorded as the first state.

[0064] If the water use efficiency L is less than or equal to the second preset efficiency L2, the water use efficiency difference is recorded as the second state.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the analysis unit is further used to determine whether to adjust the position of the irrigation device at the core point based on the average infiltration depth calculated from the infiltration depths obtained by each of the infiltration sensors and the infiltration depth at the core point. The position is adjusted after the irrigation state is determined to be a first state. The first state is when the water use efficiency is less than a first preset efficiency and greater than a second preset efficiency.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, the core point is the area where the potato absorbs water most efficiently during the irrigation process. It should be noted that the penetration depth of the core point can directly determine whether the irrigation effect for the potato meets the standard.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, potatoes are cultivated using fertile loam soil, and the average infiltration depth is obtained by calculating the average infiltration depth obtained by each infiltration sensor. The preset average infiltration depth is set to 9.5 cm. When the average infiltration depth is lower than the preset average infiltration depth, it indicates that the soil's water absorption efficiency is low. The preset infiltration depth and actual infiltration depth of the core point are obtained, and the position of the irrigation device is adjusted based on the comparison between the expected infiltration depth and the actual infiltration depth.

[0068] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the acquisition unit is further used to acquire permeation depth cross-sectional images and peak points at several locations, wherein the peak point is the point corresponding to the peak value of the permeation depth in the cross-sectional image; the adjustment unit is further used to reduce the distance between the peak point and the core point based on the difference between the expected permeation depth of the core point and the corresponding permeation depth, and the difference is proportional to the reduction in distance; the adjustment unit is further used to adjust the irrigation point of the irrigation device based on the moving distance and the moving direction, wherein the moving distance is determined according to the reduction in distance, and the moving direction is the direction of the line connecting the peak point and the core point.

[0069] Specifically, in this embodiment, if the expected penetration depth of the core point is greater than the actual penetration depth, a cross-sectional image of the penetration depth of the area corresponding to the core point is obtained, and the peak value of the penetration depth (i.e., the peak point) of the cross-sectional image is obtained. The distance between the core points is reduced based on the difference between the preset penetration depth and the actual penetration depth. Wherein, the preset difference Q0 between the preset penetration depth and the actual penetration depth of the core point is 2.5cm. The comparison process based on the difference Q and the preset difference Q0 is as follows:

[0070] If the difference Q is less than or equal to the preset difference Q0, the distance will be adjusted to 0.9 times the original distance. The moving distance of the irrigation device will be the adjusted distance, which is 0.9 times the original distance. The moving direction is the same as the direction from the peak point to the core point.

[0071] If the difference Q is greater than the preset difference Q0, the distance will be adjusted to 0.73 times the original distance. The moving distance of the irrigation device will be the adjusted distance, which is 0.73 times the original distance. The moving direction is the same as the direction from the peak point to the core point.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the analysis unit is further used to increase the single irrigation volume based on the difference between the preset infiltration depth and the corresponding infiltration depth of the core point, and the difference is proportional to the increase in the single irrigation volume; wherein, after the position adjustment of the irrigation device at the core point is completed, the adjustment is performed when the irrigation state is determined to be the first state and the preset infiltration depth of the core point is greater than the corresponding infiltration depth; during the adjustment process, the increase in the single irrigation volume is repeated at least once until the irrigation state is qualified and the cumulative number of irrigations is less than or equal to the preset number of irrigations, at which point the preset infiltration depth of the core point is less than or equal to the corresponding infiltration depth, and the increase in the single irrigation volume is stopped.

[0073] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the irrigation point of the irrigation device, the penetration depth of the core point is obtained. If the irrigation state is in the first state and the preset penetration depth of the core point is still greater than the corresponding penetration depth, the single irrigation volume is adjusted. During the adjustment process, the irrigation state is re-analyzed and the penetration depth of the core point is obtained after each adjustment. If the irrigation state is in the first state and the cumulative number of irrigations is less than or equal to the preset number of irrigations, and the preset penetration depth of the core point is less than or equal to the corresponding penetration depth, irrigation is stopped. The single irrigation volume is adjusted based on the difference between the preset penetration depth of the core point and the corresponding penetration depth. At this time, the preset difference R0 between the preset penetration depth of the core point and the corresponding penetration depth is 1cm. The comparison process based on the difference R and the preset difference R0 is as follows:

[0074] If the difference R is less than or equal to the preset difference R0, the single irrigation amount will be adjusted to 1.2 times the original single irrigation amount;

[0075] If the difference R is greater than the preset difference R0, the single irrigation amount will be adjusted to 1.7 times the original single irrigation amount.

[0076] Specifically, the analysis unit described in this embodiment of the invention is also used to adjust the concentration of vitamin C solution based on the average thickness of water accumulation on the ground. The adjustment is performed when the cumulative number of irrigations exceeds the preset number of irrigations, the irrigation status is still unqualified, and the preset penetration depth of the core point is still greater than the corresponding penetration depth.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the cumulative number of irrigations exceeds the preset number of irrigations, the irrigation status is still unqualified, and the preset infiltration depth at the core point is still greater than the corresponding infiltration depth, it indicates that the soil has compacted. In this case, the concentration of the vitamin C solution needs to be adjusted based on the average water accumulation thickness on the ground.

[0078] Specifically, the adjustment unit described in this embodiment of the invention is also used to increase the concentration of vitamin C solution based on the difference between the average thickness of the accumulated water on the ground and the preset thickness, and the difference is proportional to the increase in concentration.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset thickness U0 of the water accumulation on the ground is set to 5cm, and the preset difference T0 between the average water accumulation thickness on the ground and the preset thickness is 1cm. The comparison process based on the difference T and the preset difference T0 is as follows:

[0080] If the difference T is less than or equal to the preset difference T0, the concentration of the vitamin C solution will be adjusted to 1.1 times the original concentration.

[0081] If the difference T is greater than the preset difference T0, the concentration of the vitamin C solution will be adjusted to 1.24 times the original concentration.

[0082] If the average water accumulation thickness U is less than or equal to the preset thickness U0, the irrigation amount will be adjusted to 0.9 times the original irrigation amount;

[0083] If the average water accumulation thickness U is greater than the preset thickness U0, the irrigation amount will be adjusted to 0.75 times the original irrigation amount.

[0084] Please see Figure 4 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating the steps of adjusting parameters based on the difference between preset water use efficiency and water use efficiency in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the analysis unit is further used to increase the soil thickness at each growth stage of potato based on the difference between a preset water use efficiency and the water use efficiency, and the difference is proportional to the increase in soil thickness at each growth stage of potato. The adjustment is made when the irrigation state is determined to be a second state based on the water use efficiency and the average infiltration depth is greater than the preset average infiltration depth; wherein, the second state is when the water use efficiency is less than the second preset efficiency.

[0086] Specifically, in this embodiment, the irrigation state is the second state and the average infiltration depth is greater than the preset average infiltration depth, indicating that the current soil water holding capacity is poor. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the soil thickness by setting the difference between the preset water use efficiency and the preset water use efficiency, wherein the preset difference between the preset water use efficiency and the preset water use efficiency V0 = 1 kg / m 3 The comparison process based on the difference V and the preset difference V0 is as follows:

[0087] If the difference V is less than or equal to the preset difference V0, the soil thickness for that growth stage will be adjusted to 1.2 times the original soil thickness.

[0088] If the difference V is greater than the preset difference V0, the soil thickness for that growth stage will be adjusted to 1.9 times the original soil thickness.

[0089] Among them, the increase in soil thickness was greatest when potatoes were in the tuber formation stage, and smallest when they were in the maturity stage.

[0090] Specifically, in this embodiment, due to the poor water retention capacity of the soil, the thickness of the straw mulch needs to be adjusted to reduce water evaporation and maintain a certain amount of soil moisture to facilitate potato growth. The straw mulch thickness is adjusted based on the soil thickness, with a preset soil thickness W0 = 8cm. The comparison process between the soil thickness W and the preset soil thickness W0 is as follows:

[0091] If the soil thickness W is less than or equal to the preset soil thickness W0, the thickness of the straw cover will be adjusted to 1.41 times the original thickness.

[0092] If the soil thickness W is greater than the preset soil thickness W0, the thickness of the straw cover will be adjusted to 1.83 times the original thickness.

[0093] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset recovery ratio M0 = 0.2, and the comparison process between the recovery ratio M and the preset recovery ratio M0 is as follows:

[0094] If the recovery ratio M is less than or equal to the preset recovery ratio M0, then the irrigation amount during the tuber enlargement stage of potatoes will be adjusted to 0.9 times the original irrigation amount.

[0095] If the recovery ratio M is greater than the preset recovery ratio M0, then the irrigation amount during the tuber enlargement stage of potatoes will be adjusted to 0.79 times the original irrigation amount.

[0096] In particular, since potatoes require a large amount of irrigation during the tuber enlargement stage, the original irrigation amount during this growth stage should be reduced after using recycled water for irrigation to avoid excessive irrigation causing tuber cracking and thus reducing potato yield.

[0097] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision irrigation system for potatoes based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: The irrigation unit includes several irrigation devices mounted on tracks in the ceiling, which irrigate potatoes by moving irrigation points. The irrigation materials are water and vitamin C solution. A timing unit, which is connected to the irrigation unit, is used to remind the irrigation unit to perform irrigation operations; The data acquisition unit includes several irrigation recording devices for calculating irrigation volume, several infiltration sensors for detecting soil infiltration depth, and several water accumulation detectors set at different locations in the area to detect the thickness of surface water. A statistical unit used to count potato yield; The calculation unit is connected to the acquisition unit and the statistics unit respectively, and is used to calculate water use efficiency based on potato yield and the total irrigation amount of each region. An analysis unit, connected to the calculation unit, is used to determine the irrigation status of the irrigation unit based on the water use efficiency, and to adjust the coordinates of the irrigation device corresponding to the area where the infiltration depth is lower than the preset infiltration depth based on the irrigation status. When the cumulative number of irrigations reaches the preset number and the irrigation status is still unqualified, the concentration of vitamin C is adjusted. An adjustment unit, connected to the analysis unit, is used to adjust corresponding parameters for irrigating potatoes, wherein the parameters include the location coordinates of the irrigation device and the concentration of vitamin C; The analysis unit is also used to determine whether to adjust the position of the irrigation device at the core point based on the average infiltration depth calculated from the infiltration depths obtained by each of the infiltration sensors and the infiltration depth at the core point. The position adjustment is determined after the irrigation state is determined to be the first state. The first state is when the water utilization efficiency is less than a first preset efficiency but greater than a second preset efficiency.

2. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato crop as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The acquisition unit is also used to acquire permeation depth profiles and peak points at several locations, wherein the peak points are the points corresponding to the peak permeation depth of the profiles; The adjustment unit is also used to reduce the distance between the peak point and the core point based on the difference between the preset penetration depth of the core point and the corresponding penetration depth, and the difference is proportional to the reduction in distance. The adjustment unit is also used to adjust the irrigation point of the irrigation device based on the moving distance and the moving direction, wherein the moving distance is determined according to the reduction of the distance, and the moving direction is the direction of the line connecting the peak point and the core point.

3. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato crop as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The analysis unit is also used to increase the amount of irrigation per session based on the difference between the preset infiltration depth and the corresponding infiltration depth of the core point, and the difference is proportional to the increase in the amount of irrigation per session. Among them, after the position adjustment of the irrigation device at the core point is completed, the irrigation state is determined to be the first state and the preset penetration depth at the core point is greater than the corresponding penetration depth, and then the adjustment is carried out. During the adjustment process, the process of increasing the single irrigation amount is repeated at least once until the irrigation status is qualified and the cumulative number of irrigations is less than or equal to the preset number of irrigations. At this point, the preset infiltration depth of the core point is less than or equal to the corresponding infiltration depth, and the process of increasing the single irrigation amount stops.

4. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato crop as claimed in claim 3 wherein, The analysis unit is also used to adjust the concentration of vitamin C solution based on the average water accumulation thickness on the ground. Adjustment is made when the cumulative number of irrigations exceeds the preset number of irrigations, the irrigation status is still unqualified, and the preset penetration depth of the core point is still greater than the corresponding penetration depth.

5. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The adjustment unit is also used to increase the concentration of vitamin C solution based on the difference between the average thickness of the accumulated water on the ground and the preset thickness, and the difference is proportional to the increase in concentration.

6. The IoT-based precision irrigation system for potatoes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment unit is also used to reduce the irrigation amount based on the average water accumulation thickness, and the average water accumulation thickness is proportional to the reduction in irrigation amount.

7. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato crop as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The analysis unit is also used to increase the soil thickness at each growth stage of potatoes based on the difference between the preset water use efficiency and the water use efficiency, and the difference is proportional to the increase in soil thickness at each growth stage of potatoes. The adjustment is made when the irrigation state is determined to be the second state based on the water use efficiency and the average infiltration depth is greater than the preset average infiltration depth. The second state is when the water utilization efficiency is less than the second preset efficiency.

8. The Internet of Things based precision irrigation system for potato as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The adjustment unit is also used to increase the thickness of straw cover based on the soil thickness at each growth stage of the potato, and the increase in soil thickness is proportional to the increase in straw cover thickness.

9. The IoT-based precision irrigation system for potatoes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The collection unit is also used to obtain the recovery ratio, which is the ratio of the amount of water recovered from the soil to the amount of irrigation water. The adjustment unit is also used to reduce the irrigation amount when potatoes are in the tuber enlargement stage based on the recovery ratio, and the recovery ratio is proportional to the reduction in irrigation amount.

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