Film mulching equipment and method for dry farming corn cultivation

Abstract

The invention discloses a film mulching device and method for dry farming corn cultivation, and relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, the film mulching device comprises a support, the side wall of the support is fixedly connected with a film mulching device, the film mulching device further comprises a driving device, the driving device is arranged at the bottom end of the support, and a reciprocating device is arranged outside the driving device; the reciprocating device comprises a rotating shaft, overturning rods are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft, driving blocks are fixedly connected to the side walls of the overturning rods, a sliding frame is slidably connected to the outer wall of each driving block, extension rods are fixedly connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall of each sliding frame, and deviation preventing devices are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the extension rods. The side wall of the deviation preventing device is fixedly connected with a seeding device. The seeding device is matched with an anti-deviation device, so that fixed-point quantitative feeding of seeds is realized, miss-seeding and reseeding are avoided, and the seeding position is difficult to deviate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of crop cultivation, in particular to a film mulching equipment and method for dryland corn cultivation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some water-deficient and arid areas, in order to improve crop yield and maintain soil moisture, mulching film covering technology is used. Mulching film is a ground covering film, usually transparent or black PE film, also green and silver film, used for ground covering to improve soil temperature, maintain soil moisture, maintain soil structure, prevent pests from attacking crops and diseases caused by certain microorganisms, and promote plant growth. In the process of laying mulching film, manual operation or mulching film covering machine can be used.

[0003] The existing dryland corn mulching equipment still has shortcomings in actual application. From the aspect of sowing, conventional corn sowing equipment relies on manual calibration or simple mechanical transmission, and it is difficult to accurately control the sowing distance and depth. When the land flatness is poor or the equipment running speed is unstable, the problems of seed missing, over-sowing or position deviation are prone to occur. These deviations not only lead to a decrease in seedling rate, but also cause uneven planting density, resulting in competition for nutrients and water during corn growth, which affects the final yield. In addition, the sowing structure design of some equipment is unreasonable, and the seeds are easily disturbed by soil resistance, mechanical vibration and other factors during transportation and delivery, leading to blockage of the sowing groove or scattering of the seeds, further exacerbating the unstable sowing quality. Moreover, the traditional equipment lacks effective anti-deviation and positioning mechanism, and cannot adaptively adjust the sowing position according to the terrain changes, so that the seeds are difficult to be evenly distributed in the mulching film covering area, and it is difficult to fully play the advantages of mulching film covering in soil conservation and temperature increase. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a film mulching equipment and method for dryland corn cultivation, which solves the problems of conventional corn sowing equipment that is prone to seed missing, over-sowing or position deviation, affecting seedling rate and planting density.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model provides a kind of dryland corn cultivation's film covering equipment, including support, the side wall of the support is fixedly connected with film covering device, further include driving device, the bottom end of support is provided with reciprocating device outside driving device;The side wall of the rotating shaft of the reciprocating device is rotatably connected with the side wall of support, and the both ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected with turnover rod, and the side wall of the turnover rod is fixedly connected with driving block, and the outer wall of the driving block is slidably connected with sliding frame, and the outer wall of the sliding frame is fixedly connected with extension rod on both ends, and the bottom end of the extension rod is fixedly connected with anti-deviation device, and the side wall of the anti-deviation device is fixedly connected with seeding device;The side wall of the limiting frame is fixedly connected with the side wall of extension rod, and the inner wall of the limiting frame is slidably connected with shell, and the bottom end of the shell is fixedly connected with knife, and the inner wall of the limiting frame is fixedly connected with return spring, and the side wall of the shell is fixedly connected with first connecting rod, and the side wall of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with adjusting device, and the side wall of the adjusting device is fixedly connected with ground insertion rod, for periodically inserting hole operation to mulch film.

[0009] Preferably, the seeding device includes a drive shaft, the side wall of the drive shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell, the side wall of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with a seeding drum, the side wall of the seeding drum is provided with a seeding groove, the side wall of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod, the side wall of the limiting frame is fixedly connected with an abutment plate, the side wall of the drive shaft is fixedly connected with a first torque spring, the side wall of the first torque spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell, and the side wall of the second connecting rod rotatably connected with a roller near the abutment plate side, for seeding operation.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the support, the side wall of the limiting frame is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the extension rod, the outer wall of the extension rod is slidably connected with the inner wall of the support, the side wall of the drive shaft is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell, the side wall of the first torque spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell, and the side wall of the second connecting rod rotatably connected with a roller near the abutment plate side.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with an anti-jamming brush body, which is inclined downward along the end close to the seeding drum, for reducing the occurrence of jamming phenomenon of the seeding device during seeding process.

[0012] Preferably, the side wall top of the support is fixedly connected with a traction frame, and the side wall bottom of the support is fixedly connected with a ridge board and a ridge frame, for ridge operation on soil.

[0013] Preferably, the film covering device includes a film winding roller, both ends of the film winding roller are rotatably connected with the side wall of the support, the side wall of the support is rotatably connected with a film pressing roller, and the side wall of the support is rotatably connected with a film pressing wheel, for covering mulch film on soil.

[0014] Preferably, the driving device comprises a motor, the motor is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the support through the frame, the output end of the motor penetrates the support and extends to the outside of the support, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a first gear, the outer wall of the support is rotatably connected with a second gear, the second gear is engaged with the first gear, and the inner wall of the second gear is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The driving device is used for driving the movement of the reciprocating device. The output end of the motor in the driving device is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the support, so as to drive the first gear to rotate, drive the second gear engaged with the first gear to rotate, the inner wall of the second gear is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, so that when the motor starts, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate on the support, so that the reciprocating device can operate;

[0015] When the rotating shaft is driven by the driving device to rotate on the support, the two end turnover rods are driven to rotate, and in the process of rotating the turnover rods, the driving blocks fixedly connected with the turnover rods slide in the sliding frame, so as to move the sliding frame, the extension rod at the top of the sliding frame slides in the inner wall of the support, so as to constrain the sliding frame in the vertical direction, so that the sliding frame can only move up and down, with the rotation of the rotating shaft, the sliding frame moves up and down reciprocatingly, and the extension rod at the bottom drives the limiting frame at the bottom to move reciprocatingly.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting device comprises a protective shell, the side wall of the protective shell is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first connecting rod, the side wall of the protective shell is fixedly connected with an internal thread sleeve, the outer wall of the ground inserting rod is fixedly connected with an external thread sleeve, and the inner wall of the internal thread sleeve is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the external thread sleeve, so as to adjust the insertion depth of the ground inserting rod.

[0017] Preferably, the side wall of the support is fixedly connected with a soil pressing device, the soil pressing device comprises a covering plate, the side wall of the covering plate is rotatably connected with the side wall of the support, the side wall of the support is fixedly connected with a positioning shaft, the side wall of the positioning shaft is rotatably connected with a covering rod, one end of the covering rod away from the positioning shaft is rotatably connected with a roller, the side wall of the roller is fixedly connected with symmetrical helical blades, the side wall of the helical blade is fixedly connected with a circular covering frame, the side wall of the positioning shaft is fixedly connected with a second torsion spring, and the side wall of the second torsion spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the covering rod, so as to cover the soil on the seeding place.

[0018] A kind of method for dryland corn cultivation mulching equipment based on above-mentioned dryland corn cultivation mulching equipment, comprising the following steps: step one, the ridge board first contacts soil and gathers the soil on both sides to the direction of ridge forming frame, form the basic profile of ridge, then the ridge forming frame shapes soil, complete ridge forming;Step two, the mulching film roll is installed on the film roll, in the process of support moving, film roll releases mulching film, preliminary compaction by film pressing roller, film pressing wheel press both sides of mulching film into soil, complete mulching;Step three, start motor, through the meshing transmission of first gear and second gear, drive the rotation of shaft, make the turnover rod drive driving block slide in slide frame, then let the extension rod drive anti-deviation device and seeding device reciprocate;When the extension rod moves down, insert the soil into soil for fixation, limit frame moves with support, shell body keeps fixed relative to ground, insert knife inserts mulching film and inserts soil, simultaneously, roller and abutment plate contact and abut, second connecting rod overturns, drive seeding drum to rotate, make seeding groove downward complete seeding, then the extension rod moves up, after driving insert rod to move up and separate from soil, reset spring restores deformation, push shell body along the limit frame inner wall reset, insert knife is extracted from soil and mulching film, ready for the next seeding;Step four, mulching film edge soil is preliminarily gathered by covering plate, covering rod drives roller and spiral blade to press down, soil is transported to circular covering frame and evenly covers at seeding hole, complete covering and compaction.

[0019] (Three) beneficial effects

[0020] The application provides a mulching equipment and method for dryland corn cultivation.

[0021] (I), the mulching equipment, through reciprocating device, when in use, start driving device to drive the rotation of shaft, make the turnover rod drive driving block slide in slide frame, then let the extension rod drive anti-deviation device and seeding device reciprocate;When the extension rod moves down, drive anti-deviation device to insert hole operation to mulching film, seeding device cooperates and seeds corn seeds in soil, complete insert hole and seeding operation, and the vertical reciprocation of extension rod realizes the periodic insert hole and seeding of anti-deviation device and seeding device, so that continuous operation can be realized without manual intervention, and the seeding speed is improved.

[0022] (II), the mulching equipment, through anti-deviation device, when the extension rod moves down, insert rod is first inserted into soil to form fixation, the limit frame is driven by extension rod to move with support, through first connecting rod and adjusting device, drive the shell body fixed with insert rod to slide away from extension rod, first reset spring is compressed, so that the shell body does not deviate relative to ground, insert knife inserts mulching film and inserts soil subsequently, and seeding device seeds;In anti-deviation device, insert rod is inserted into soil to form fixed point, cooperates with reset spring and slidable shell body, ensures that insert knife accurately breaks film and positions, reduces the deviation of insert hole position and the occurrence of mulching film damage phenomenon.

[0023] (Three), the film equipment, through the seeding device, in use, first place corn seeds in the housing, when the extension rod drives the anti-deviation device and the seeding device to move downward, the earth penetration rod is inserted into the soil, the housing moves away from the extension rod, the reset spring is compressed, the roller contacts the abutment plate and rolls along its surface, drives the second connecting rod to rotate around the drive shaft, the first torque spring is twisted and stored, the drive shaft drives the seeding drum to rotate, the seeding groove gradually turns from upward to downward; when the knife is inserted into the soil, the slot of the seeding groove is downward, the seed falls into the seeding hole formed by the knife from the seeding groove, and the seeding action is completed; then the extension rod moves up, the earth penetration rod is separated from the soil, the reset spring recovers the deformation, drives the housing to move towards the extension rod, the roller is separated from the abutment plate with the second connecting rod, the first torque spring releases the elastic potential energy, the drive shaft reversely rotates, drives the seeding drum to reset to the initial position of the seeding groove upward, waits for the next seeding cycle, the seeding device realizes the intermittent rotation of the seeding drum through mechanical linkage, controls the seed dropping time and position, makes the seeding amount of each hole more stable, reduces the missing or over-seeding, and improves the seeding quality.

[0024] (Four), the film equipment, through the anti-jamming brush body, when the seeding drum rotates to seed, the anti-jamming brush body is always in contact with the surface of the seeding drum due to the inclined downward structure; once the seed is stuck in the seeding groove and does not fall down smoothly, the anti-jamming brush body will clean the seeding groove when the seeding drum rotates upward, and the seed stuck in the seeding groove is brushed out by the bristles, so that it falls into the soil smoothly; the anti-jamming brush body can prevent the seed from blocking the seeding groove, and make the seeding process more smooth.

[0025] (Five), the film equipment, through the soil pressing device, in use, during the movement of the support, the covering plate first contacts the area where the film has been seeded and covered, and preliminarily gathers the soil above and near the edge of the film; as the support moves, the covering rod rotates on the positioning shaft, drives the roller and the spiral blade to press down, the spiral blade rotates to transport the soil gathered by the covering plate along the spiral track upward into the circular covering frame, and at the same time, evenly covers the soil on the seeding hole; when encountering a protrusion or resistance, the covering rod can rotate around the positioning shaft and compress the second torque spring, so that the roller and the spiral blade adapt to the soil surface to adjust the height, and after passing the obstacle, the second torque spring resets to ensure the continuity of the covering operation; the soil pressing device realizes the collection, transportation and covering of the soil through the cooperation of the covering plate, the spiral blade and the circular covering frame, can fix the film to prevent air permeation, cooperates with the anti-deviation seeding and film covering procedures, and improves the standardization of dryland corn planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front view of the overall structure of the application;

[0027] Figure 2The side view of the overall structure of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the reciprocating device and the anti-deviation device of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 The internal structure diagram of the adjusting device of the application;

[0030] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the partial anti-deviation device and the seeding device of the application;

[0031] Figure 6 The internal structure diagram of the shell of the application;

[0032] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the soil pressing device of the application;

[0033] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the rotating shaft of the application.

[0034] In the figure: 10, support; 11, traction frame; 12, ridge board; 13, ridge frame; 20, film covering device; 21, film winding roller; 22, film pressing roller; 23, film pressing wheel; 30, driving device; 31, motor; 32, first gear; 33, second gear; 40, reciprocating device; 41, rotating shaft; 42, turnover rod; 43, driving block; 44, sliding frame; 45, extension rod; 50, anti-deviation device; 51, limiting frame; 52, shell; 53, knife; 54, reset spring; 55, first connecting rod; 56, adjusting device; 561, protective shell; 562, internal threaded sleeve; 563, external threaded sleeve; 57, ground insertion rod; 60, seeding device; 61, driving shaft; 62, seeding roller; 63, seeding groove; 64, second connecting rod; 65, abutting plate; 66, first torque spring; 67, roller; 68, anti-jamming brush body; 70, soil pressing device; 71, soil covering plate; 72, positioning shaft; 73, soil covering rod; 74, roller shaft; 75, helical blade; 76, circular soil covering frame; 77, second torque spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0036] Embodiment one: please refer to Figures 1-7The present invention provides a technical solution: a film covering device for dryland corn cultivation, comprising a bracket 10, a film covering device 20 fixedly connected to the side wall of the bracket 10, and a driving device 30, which is arranged at the bottom end of the bracket 10, and a reciprocating device 40 is arranged on the outside of the driving device 30; the reciprocating device 40 comprises a rotating shaft 41, the side wall of the rotating shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the bracket 10, the two ends of the rotating shaft 41 are fixedly connected to a flip rod 42, the side wall of the flip rod 42 is fixedly connected to a driving block 43, the outer wall of the driving block 43 is slidably connected to a sliding frame 44, the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the sliding frame 44 are fixedly connected to an extension rod 45, the bottom end of the extension rod 45 is fixedly connected to an anti-deflection device 50, and the side wall of the anti-deflection device 50 is fixedly connected to a sowing The anti-deviation device 50 includes a limit frame 51, the side wall of the limit frame 51 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extension rod 45, the inner wall of the limit frame 51 is slidably connected to a shell 52, the bottom end of the shell 52 is fixedly connected to a knife 53, the inner wall of the limit frame 51 is fixedly connected to a return spring 54, the side wall of the shell 52 is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod 55, the side wall of the first connecting rod 55 is fixedly connected to an adjusting device 56, and the side wall of the adjusting device 56 is fixedly connected to a ground rod 57; when in use, the mobile bracket 10 is started, the film covering device 20 is started to cover the soil with a film, the driving device 30 is started to drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, so that the flip rod 42 drives the driving block 43 to slide in the sliding frame 44, and then drives the anti-deviation device 50 and The sowing device 60 performs reciprocating motion; when the extension rod 45 moves downward, the ground-inserting rod 57 is first inserted into the soil and fixed to the ground. The extension rod 45 drives the limit frame 51 to move with the bracket 10. The shell 52 fixed to the ground-inserting rod 57 by the first connecting rod 55 and the adjusting device 56 will slide in the direction away from the extension rod 45, compressing the return spring 54 so that the shell 52 does not deviate relative to the ground. The inserting knife 53 then breaks through the ground film and inserts into the soil. The sowing device 60 sows, and then the extension rod 45 moves upward. After the ground-inserting rod 57 moves upward and out of the soil, the return spring 54 restores its deformation, pushing the shell 52 to return along the inner wall of the limit frame 51, and the inserting knife 53 is pulled out of the soil and the ground film. The sowing device 60 completes a sowing action. ; During the entire process, the anti-deviation device 50 fixes the ground through the ground-inserting rod 57 and the inserting knife 53 accurately breaks the film and positions it, and cooperates with the sowing device 60 to realize fixed-point and anti-deviation sowing. The driving device 30 and the reciprocating device 40 work together to ensure the continuity of the sowing action; the driving device 30 cooperates with the reciprocating device 40 to enable the sowing device 60 to achieve continuous and regular reciprocating motion, replacing manual sowing and improving the sowing quality; in the anti-deviation device 50, the ground-inserting rod 57 is inserted into the soil to form a fixed point, and cooperates with the reset spring 54 and the sliding shell 52 to ensure that the inserting knife 53 accurately breaks the film and positions it, reduces the deviation of the sowing position, and ensures the accuracy and uniformity of sowing, thereby improving the corn emergence rate and the rationality of the planting density, and improving the overall planting quality and yield.

[0037] The sowing device 60 comprises a driving shaft 61, the side wall of the driving shaft 61 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the shell 52, the side wall of the driving shaft 61 is fixedly connected with a sowing roller 62, the side wall of the sowing roller 62 is provided with a sowing groove 63, the side wall of the driving shaft 61 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 64, the side wall of the limiting frame 51 is fixedly connected with an abutting plate 65, the side wall of the driving shaft 61 is fixedly connected with a first torque spring 66, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 41 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the support 10, the side wall of the limiting frame 51 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the extension rod 45, the outer wall of the extension rod 45 is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the support 10, the side wall of the driving shaft 61 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the shell 52, the side wall of the first torque spring 66 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell 52, and the side wall of the second connecting rod 64 close to the side of the abutting plate 65 is rotationally connected with a roller 67; in use, the shell 52 is used for placing corn seeds, when the extension rod 45 drives the anti-deviation device 50 and the sowing device 60 to move downwards, the earth penetrating rod 57 is inserted into the soil, the shell 52 moves away from the extension rod 45, the reset spring 54 is compressed, the roller 67 contacts the abutting plate 65 and rolls along the surface of the abutting plate 65, the second connecting rod 64 is driven to rotate around the driving shaft 61, the first torque spring 66 is twisted and stored, the driving shaft 61 drives the sowing roller 62 to rotate, and the sowing groove 63 is gradually turned from the upward position to the downward position; after the knife 53 is inserted into the soil, the notch of the sowing groove 63 is downward, at this time, the seeds fall into the sowing hole formed by the knife 53 from the sowing groove 63, and the sowing action is completed; then the extension rod 45 moves upwards, the earth penetrating rod 57 is separated from the soil, the reset spring 54 recovers the deformation, drives the shell 52 to move towards the extension rod 45, the roller 67 is separated from the abutting plate 65 with the second connecting rod 64, the first torque spring 66 releases the elastic potential energy, the driving shaft 61 reversely rotates, drives the sowing roller 62 to reset to the initial position that the sowing groove 63 is upward, and waits for the next sowing cycle; the device realizes the intermittent rotation of the sowing roller 62 through mechanical linkage, controls the seed dropping time and position, makes the sowing amount of each hole more stable, can reduce the problems of missing sowing or over-sowing, and improves the sowing quality.

[0038] The inner wall of the shell 52 is fixedly connected with an anti-jamming brush body 68, and the anti-jamming brush body 68 is arranged to be inclined downward along one end close to the sowing roller 62; in use, during the operation of the sowing device 60, when the sowing roller 62 rotates to sow, the anti-jamming brush body 68 is always kept in contact with the surface of the sowing roller 62 due to the inclined downward structure; once the seeds are jammed in the sowing groove 63 and cannot fall down smoothly, the anti-jamming brush body 68 can clean the sowing groove 63 in time when the sowing roller 62 rotates, pushes the jammed seeds out by the bristles, and makes the seeds fall into the soil smoothly; the anti-jamming brush body 68 can prevent the seeds from blocking the sowing groove 63, ensure the smooth sowing process, reduce the problems of missing sowing or uneven sowing caused by the jamming of the seeds, and improve the stability and reliability of the work of the sowing device 60.

[0039] The side wall top of the support 10 is fixedly connected with a traction frame 11, and the side wall bottom of the support 10 is fixedly connected with a ridge board 12 and a ridge frame 13; in use, the device is connected with a traction machine through the traction frame 11, the traction machine is started to drive the support 10 to move, the ridge board 12 first contacts the soil, and the soil on both sides is moved to the direction close to the ridge frame 13 by virtue of the inclined plate surface structure, so that the basic outline of the ridge body is formed; as the support 10 continues to move forward, the ridge frame 13 follows up the work, the soil preliminarily gathered by the ridge board 12 is shaped by the fixed frame structure, the ridge body is extruded and regularized, the ridge surface is more flat, and the ridge shape is more standard; the two cooperate with each other to complete the ridging process, create good conditions for the subsequent film mulching and seeding links, and the arch type of the ridging position of the ridge frame 13 is 15-20 cm high in the middle and 60 cm wide at the bottom, so that rainwater can be accumulated on both sides of the ridge frame 13 after raining, and the problem of rainwater in dry land can be solved.

[0040] The film mulching device 20 comprises a film winding roller 21, both ends of the film winding roller 21 are rotatably connected with the side wall of the support 10, the side wall of the support 10 is rotatably connected with a film pressing roller 22, and the side wall of the support 10 is rotatably connected with a film pressing wheel 23; in use, the film roll is installed on the film winding roller 21, the support 10 is moved, the film winding roller 21 rotates and releases the film, the film first passes through the film pressing roller 22, the film is preliminarily compacted by the film pressing roller 22, the film is ensured to be flatly attached to the soil surface, and the film is difficult to have wrinkles or be suspended; then the film continues to move forward and passes through the film pressing wheel 23, the film pressing wheel 23 presses the two side edges of the film into the soil, so that the film is tightly fixed to the ground; the film winding roller 21 releases the film, the film pressing roller 22 makes the film laying more flat, provides a good foundation for subsequent seeding, the film pressing wheel 23 enhances the adhesion of the film and the soil, completes the film mulching work, plays the effects of soil moisture preservation, temperature increase and weed suppression, and creates a suitable growth environment for dryland corn.

[0041] The driving device 30 comprises a motor 31, the motor 31 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the support 10 through a machine frame, the output end of the motor 31 penetrates through the support 10 and extends to the outside of the support 10, the output end of the motor 31 is fixedly connected with a first gear 32, the outer wall of the support 10 is rotatably connected with a second gear 33, the second gear 33 is engaged with the first gear 32, and the inner wall of the second gear 33 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a rotating shaft 41; in use, the motor 31 is started, the output end of the motor 31 drives the first gear 32 to rotate, the first gear 32 drives the second gear 33 to synchronously rotate through gear engagement transmission, and then the rotating power of the motor 31 is stably transmitted to the rotating shaft 41, so that the rotating shaft 41 operates at a set speed and direction, drives the components such as the turnover rod 42 and the driving block 43 to work, and realizes the reciprocating motion of the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60; therefore, the driving device 30 is used to drive the reciprocating device 40 to reciprocate.

[0042] The adjusting device 56 comprises a protective shell 561, the side wall of the protective shell 561 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the first connecting rod 55, the side wall of the protective shell 561 is fixedly connected with an internally threaded sleeve 562, the outer wall of the inserting rod 57 is fixedly connected with an externally threaded sleeve 563, the inner wall of the internally threaded sleeve 562 is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the externally threaded sleeve 563; in use, by rotating the inserting rod 57, the extending length of the inserting rod 57 relative to the first connecting rod 55 can be adjusted by the threaded cooperation of the externally threaded sleeve 563 and the internally threaded sleeve 562; after being adjusted to a proper length, the inserting rod 57 is inserted into the soil, so that the shell body 52 is kept relatively fixed with the ground; the staff can adjust the soil-in depth of the inserting rod 57 through the adjusting device 56 according to different soil textures and seeding requirements, so as to ensure the stability of the anti-deviation device 50; meanwhile, the threaded connection structure makes the inserting rod 57 difficult to loosen or displace in the operation process, thereby improving the quality of dryland corn seeding.

[0043] The side wall of the support 10 is fixedly connected with a soil pressing device 70, the soil pressing device 70 comprises a covering plate 71, the side wall of the covering plate 71 is rotationally connected with the side wall of the support 10, the side wall of the support 10 is fixedly connected with a positioning shaft 72, the side wall of the positioning shaft 72 is rotationally connected with a covering rod 73, one end of the covering rod 73 away from the positioning shaft 72 is rotationally connected with a roller shaft 74, the side wall of the roller shaft 74 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a spiral blade 75, the side wall of the spiral blade 75 is fixedly connected with a circular covering frame 76, the side wall of the positioning shaft 72 is fixedly connected with a second torque spring 77, and the side wall of the second torque spring 77 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the covering rod 73; in use, during the movement of the equipment, the covering plate 71 firstly contacts the area where the mulch film has been seeded and covered, and preliminarily gathers the soil above and near the edge of the mulch film; along with the travel of the support 10, the covering rod 73 rotates on the positioning shaft 72, driving the roller shaft 74 and the spiral blade 75 to press down, and when the spiral blade 75 rotates, the soil gathered by the covering plate 71 is transported upward along a spiral track into the circular covering frame 76, while the soil is evenly covered at the seeding hole; when a protrusion or resistance is encountered, the covering rod 73 can rotate around the positioning shaft 72 and compress the second torque spring 77, so that the roller shaft 74 and the spiral blade 75 are adaptively adjusted in height, and after passing the obstacle, the second torque spring 77 resets, ensuring the continuity of the covering operation; through the cooperative operation of the covering plate 71, the spiral blade 75 and the circular covering frame 76, the soil pressing device 70 realizes the collection, transportation and covering of the soil, can fix the mulch film to prevent air permeation, and cooperates with the anti-deviation seeding and mulching processes to improve the standardization of dryland corn planting.

[0044] Embodiment two: please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7The application provides a technical scheme: on the basis of embodiment one, a method of a film mulching equipment for dryland corn cultivation, based on the film mulching equipment for dryland corn cultivation, comprising the following steps: step one, the ridge gathering plate 12 first contacts the soil and gathers the soil on both sides to the direction of the ridging frame 13 to form a ridge body basic contour, and then the ridging frame 13 shapes the soil to complete ridging; step two, the film roll is installed on the film roll roller 21, in the moving process of the support 10, the film roll roller 21 releases the mulching film, the mulching film is preliminarily compacted by the film pressing roller 22, and the mulching film on both sides is pressed into the soil by the film pressing wheel 23 to complete film mulching; step three, the motor 31 is started, the first gear 32 is engaged with the second gear 33 to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 41, the turnover rod 42 drives the driving block 43 to slide in the sliding frame 44, and then the extension rod 45 drives the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60 to reciprocate; when the extension rod 45 moves downward, the ground insertion rod 57 is inserted into the soil to be fixed, the limiting frame 51 moves with the support 10, the shell 52 remains fixed relative to the ground, the knife 53 inserts and breaks the mulching film and inserts into the soil, the roller 67 contacts and abuts against the abutting plate 65, the second connecting rod 64 is overturned, the seeding roller 62 is driven to rotate, the seeding groove 63 faces downward to complete seeding, then the extension rod 45 moves upward, the ground insertion rod 57 moves upward and is separated from the soil, the reset spring 54 restores the deformation, the shell 52 is reset along the inner wall of the limiting frame 51, and the knife 53 is extracted from the soil and the mulching film to prepare for the next seeding; step four, the soil covering plate 71 preliminarily gathers the soil on the edges of the mulching film, the soil covering rod 73 drives the roller 74 and the spiral blade 75 to press downward, the soil is transported to the circular soil covering frame 76 and uniformly covers the seeding hole to complete soil covering and compaction, and thus the whole-process mechanized operation of ridging, film mulching, seeding and soil covering of the dryland corn is completed.

[0045] Working principle:

[0046] In use, the film mulching equipment for dryland corn cultivation mainly comprises a support 10, a film mulching device 20, a driving device 30, a reciprocating device 40, an anti-deviation device 50, a seeding device 60 and a soil pressing device 70, wherein the film mulching device 20 is used for covering the mulching film on the soil, the driving device 30 is used for driving the reciprocating device 40 to drive the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60 to reciprocate, the anti-deviation device 50 is used for punching the mulching film, and the seeding device 60 is used for cooperating with the anti-deviation device 50 to seed the corn seeds in the soil.

[0047] The bracket 10 is provided with a traction frame 11, a ridge gathering plate 12 and a ridge frame 13, and when in use, the device is connected with a traction machine through the traction frame 11, the traction machine drives the bracket 10 to move, the ridge gathering plate 12 first contacts the soil, and the soil on both sides is moved to the direction close to the ridge frame 13 by virtue of the inclined plate surface structure, so that the basic outline of the ridge body is formed; as the bracket 10 continues to move forward, the ridge frame 13 follows up the work, the soil preliminarily gathered by the ridge gathering plate 12 is shaped by the fixed frame structure, the ridge body is extruded and regularized, the ridge surface is more flat, and the ridge shape is more standard; the ridge frame 13 is arched at the ridge forming position, the middle of the arch is 15-20 cm high, and the bottom is 60 cm wide, so that rainwater can be accumulated on both sides of the ridge frame 13 after raining, and the problem of rainwater in dry land can be solved.

[0048] The film covering device 20 comprises a film winding roller 21, a film pressing roller 22 and a film pressing wheel 23; when in use, the film is installed on the film winding roller 21, the bracket 10 is moved, the film winding roller 21 rotates and releases the film, the film first passes through the film pressing roller 22, the film is preliminarily compacted by the film pressing roller 22, the film is ensured to be flatly attached to the soil surface, and the film is difficult to have wrinkles or be suspended; then the film continues to move forward and passes through the film pressing wheel 23, the film pressing wheel 23 presses the two side edges of the film into the soil, so that the film is tightly fixed to the ground; the film winding roller 21 releases the film, the film pressing roller 22 makes the film laying more flat, and provides a good foundation for subsequent seeding, the film pressing wheel 23 enhances the adhesion of the film and the soil, completes the film covering work, plays the effects of soil conservation, temperature increase and weed suppression, and creates a suitable growth environment for dryland corn.

[0049] The driving device 30 comprises a motor 31, a first gear 32 and a second gear 33; when in use, the motor 31 is started, the motor 31 drives the first gear 32 to rotate, the first gear 32 drives the second gear 33 to rotate synchronously through gear engagement transmission, and then the rotating power of the motor 31 is stably transmitted to the reciprocating device 40, so that the reciprocating device 40 reciprocates, and the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60 reciprocate; therefore, the driving device 30 is used to drive the reciprocating device 40 to reciprocate.

[0050] The reciprocating device 40 comprises a rotating shaft 41, a turnover rod 42, a driving block 43, a sliding frame 44 and an extension rod 45; the rotating shaft 41 is driven to rotate by the driving device 30, the turnover rod 42 drives the driving block 43 to slide in the sliding frame 44, and then the extension rod 45 drives the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60 to reciprocate; in the process of moving downward, the anti-deviation device 50 is driven to perform the hole insertion operation on the film, and the seeding device 60 cooperates with the anti-deviation device 50 to seed the corn seeds in the soil, so that the hole insertion and seeding operations are completed.

[0051] The anti-deviation device 50 comprises a limiting frame 51, a shell 52, a plug knife 53, a reset spring 54, a first connecting rod 55, an adjusting device 56, and a ground insertion rod 57. During the downward movement of the extension rod 45, the ground insertion rod 57 is first inserted into the soil and fixed to the ground. The extension rod 45 drives the limiting frame 51 to move with the support 10. The shell 52 fixed to the ground insertion rod 57 slides away from the extension rod 45 through the first connecting rod 55 and the adjusting device 56, compresses the reset spring 54, and makes the shell 52 not deviate from the ground. Then, the plug knife 53 is inserted into the soil and breaks the mulch film. The seeding device 60 performs seeding. Then, the extension rod 45 moves upward, the ground insertion rod 57 moves upward and is separated from the soil, the reset spring 54 restores the deformation, the shell 52 is reset along the inner wall of the limiting frame 51, the plug knife 53 is pulled out of the soil and the mulch film, and the seeding device 60 completes a seeding action. During the whole process, the anti-deviation device 50 fixes the ground through the ground insertion rod 57 and accurately breaks the film through the plug knife 53, cooperates with the seeding device 60 to realize point seeding and anti-deviation, the driving device 30 and the reciprocating device 40 work cooperatively to ensure the continuity of the seeding action, the driving device 30 and the reciprocating device 40 cooperate to make the seeding device 60 realize continuous and regular reciprocating movement, replace manual seeding, and improve the seeding quality. In the anti-deviation device 50, the ground insertion rod 57 is inserted into the soil to form a fixed point, cooperates with the reset spring 54 and the slidable shell 52 to ensure that the plug knife 53 accurately breaks the film and is positioned, reduces the position deviation of the insertion hole, and reduces the occurrence of mulch damage.

[0052] The adjusting device 56 comprises a protective shell 561, an inner threaded sleeve 562, and an outer threaded sleeve 563. In use, the extension length of the ground insertion rod 57 relative to the first connecting rod 55 can be adjusted by rotating the ground insertion rod 57 and using the threaded cooperation between the outer threaded sleeve 563 and the inner threaded sleeve 562. After adjusting to the appropriate length, the ground insertion rod 57 is inserted into the soil to keep the shell 52 relatively fixed to the ground. The staff can adjust the soil penetration depth of the ground insertion rod 57 through the adjusting device 56 according to different soil textures and seeding requirements to ensure the stability of the anti-deviation device 50. At the same time, the threaded connection structure makes the ground insertion rod 57 difficult to loosen or shift during operation, thereby improving the quality of dryland corn seeding.

[0053] The seeding device 60 comprises a driving shaft 61, a seeding roller 62, a seeding groove 63, a second connecting rod 64, an abutment plate 65, a first torque spring 66, a roller 67, and a jam-preventing brush body 68; the shell 52 is used for placing corn seeds; when the anti-deviation device 50 and the seeding device 60 are moved downward by the extension rod 45, the earth-penetrating rod 57 is inserted into the soil, the shell 52 moves away from the extension rod 45, the reset spring 54 is compressed, the roller 67 contacts the abutment plate 65 and rolls along the surface thereof, the second connecting rod 64 is driven to rotate around the driving shaft 61, the first torque spring 66 is twisted and stored, the driving shaft 61 synchronously drives the seeding roller 62 to rotate, and the seeding groove 63 is gradually turned from the upward position to the downward position; after the knife 53 is inserted into the soil, the notch of the seeding groove 63 is downward, at this time, the seeds fall into the seeding hole formed by the knife 53 from the seeding groove 63, and the seeding action is completed; then the extension rod 45 moves upward, the earth-penetrating rod 57 is separated from the soil, the reset spring 54 recovers the deformation, the shell 52 is driven to move toward the extension rod 45, the roller 67 is separated from the abutment plate 65 with the second connecting rod 64, the first torque spring 66 releases the elastic potential energy, the driving shaft 61 reversely rotates, the seeding roller 62 is driven to reset to the initial position in which the seeding groove 63 is upward, and the next seeding cycle is waited; during the operation of the seeding device 60, when the seeding roller 62 rotates to seed, the jam-preventing brush body 68 is always in the state of being attached to the surface of the seeding roller 62 due to the inclined downward structure; once the seeds are stuck in the seeding groove 63 and fail to fall down, the jam-preventing brush body 68 timely cleans the seeding groove 63 when the seeding roller 62 rotates, the seeds stuck in the seeding groove 63 are brushed out by the bristles, and the seeds fall into the soil; the jam-preventing brush body 68 can prevent the seeds from blocking the seeding groove 63, and the seeding process is more smooth; the seeding device 60 realizes the intermittent rotation of the seeding roller 62 through mechanical linkage, controls the seeding time and position, and makes the seeding amount of each hole more stable, reduces the missing seeding or over-seeding, and improves the seeding quality.

[0054] The soil pressing device 70 comprises a covering plate 71, a positioning shaft 72, a covering rod 73, a roller shaft 74, a spiral blade 75, a circular covering frame 76, and a second torque spring 77. In use, the covering plate 71 first contacts the area where the mulch film has been sowed and covered during the movement of the support 10, and preliminarily gathers the soil above and near the edge of the mulch film. With the movement of the support 10, the covering rod 73 rotates on the positioning shaft 72, and drives the roller shaft 74 and the spiral blade 75 to press down. When the spiral blade 75 rotates, it transports the soil gathered by the covering plate 71 along a spiral track upward into the circular covering frame 76, and evenly covers the soil at the sowing hole at the same time. When encountering a protrusion or resistance, the covering rod 73 can rotate around the positioning shaft 72 and compress the second torque spring 77, so that the roller shaft 74 and the spiral blade 75 are adaptively adjusted in height, and pass over the obstacle. After passing over the obstacle, the second torque spring 77 is reset, so as to ensure the continuity of the soil covering operation. The soil pressing device 70 realizes the collection, transportation and covering of the soil through the cooperative operation of the covering plate 71, the spiral blade 75 and the circular covering frame 76, can fix the mulch film to prevent air permeation, and cooperates with the anti-deviation sowing and film covering procedures, so as to improve the standardization of dryland corn planting.

[0055] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0056] While the embodiments of the application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A film covering device for dryland corn cultivation, comprising a bracket (10), a film covering device (20) fixedly connected to the side wall of the bracket (10), characterized in that: It also includes a driving device (30), the driving device (30) is arranged at the bottom end of the bracket (10), and a reciprocating device (40) is arranged outside the driving device (30); The reciprocating device (40) includes a rotating shaft (41), both ends of the rotating shaft (41) are fixedly connected to a flip rod (42), a side wall of the flip rod (42) is fixedly connected to a driving block (43), an outer wall of the driving block (43) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (44), an upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the sliding frame (44) are fixedly connected to an extension rod (45), a bottom end of the extension rod (45) is fixedly connected to an anti-deflection device (50), and a side wall of the anti-deflection device (50) is fixedly connected to a sowing device (60); The anti-deflection device (50) comprises a limit frame (51), an inner wall of the limit frame (51) is slidably connected to a housing (52), a bottom end of the housing (52) is fixedly connected to a knife (53), an inner wall of the limit frame (51) is fixedly connected to a return spring (54), a side wall of the housing (52) is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod (55), a side wall of the first connecting rod (55) is fixedly connected to an adjusting device (56), and a side wall of the adjusting device (56) is fixedly connected to a ground inserting rod (57).

2. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing device (60) comprises a driving shaft (61), a sowing roller (62) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the driving shaft (61), a sowing groove (63) is provided on the side wall of the sowing roller (62), a second connecting rod (64) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the driving shaft (61), an abutting plate (65) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting frame (51), and a first torque spring (66) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the driving shaft (61).

3. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating shaft (41) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket (10), the side wall of the limit frame (51) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension rod (45), the outer wall of the extension rod (45) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bracket (10), the side wall of the driving shaft (61) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell (52), the side wall of the first torque spring (66) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell (52), and the side wall of the second connecting rod (64) close to the abutment plate (65) is rotatably connected to a roller (67).

4. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-jamming brush body (68) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (52), and the anti-jamming brush body (68) is arranged obliquely downward along one end close to the sowing drum (62).

5. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the side wall of the bracket (10) is fixedly connected to a traction frame (11), and the bottom of the side wall of the bracket (10) is fixedly connected to a ridging plate (12) and a ridging frame (13).

6. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminating device (20) comprises a film rolling roller (21), both ends of the film rolling roller (21) are rotatably connected to the side wall of the bracket (10), the side wall of the bracket (10) is rotatably connected to a film pressing roller (22), and the side wall of the bracket (10) is rotatably connected to a film pressing wheel (23).

7. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (30) includes a motor (31), the motor (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bracket (10) through a frame, the output end of the motor (31) passes through the bracket (10) and extends to the outside of the bracket (10), the output end of the motor (31) is fixedly connected to a first gear (32), the outer wall of the bracket (10) is rotatably connected to a second gear (33), the second gear (33) is meshed with the first gear (32), and the inner wall of the second gear (33) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (41).

8. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting device (56) comprises a protective shell (561), the side wall of the protective shell (561) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first connecting rod (55), the side wall of the protective shell (561) is fixedly connected to an internal threaded sleeve (562), the outer wall of the ground insertion rod (57) is fixedly connected to an external threaded sleeve (563), and the inner wall of the internal threaded sleeve (562) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the external threaded sleeve (563).

9. The film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the bracket (10) is fixedly connected to a soil compacting device (70), and the soil compacting device (70) comprises a covering plate (71). The side wall of the covering plate (71) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the bracket (10). The side wall of the bracket (10) is fixedly connected to a positioning shaft (72). The side wall of the positioning shaft (72) is rotatably connected to a covering rod (73). One end of the covering rod (73) away from the positioning shaft (72) is rotatably connected to a roller (74). The side wall of the roller (74) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a spiral blade (75). The side wall of the spiral blade (75) is fixedly connected to a circular covering frame (76). The side wall of the positioning shaft (72) is fixedly connected to a second torsion spring (77). The side wall of the second torsion spring (77) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the covering rod (73).

10. A method for using a film covering device for dryland corn cultivation, based on the film covering device for dryland corn cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The ridge forming plate (12) first contacts the soil and gathers the soil on both sides toward the ridge forming frame (13) to form the basic outline of the ridge body, and then the ridge forming frame (13) shapes the soil to complete the ridge forming; Step 2: The ground film roll is mounted on the film rolling roller (21). During the movement of the bracket (10), the film rolling roller (21) releases the ground film, which is initially compacted by the film pressing roller (22) and pressed into the soil by the film pressing wheel (23) to complete the film covering. Step 3: Start the motor (31), and through the meshing transmission of the first gear (32) and the second gear (33), drive the rotating shaft (41) to rotate, so that the flip rod (42) drives the driving block (43) to slide in the sliding frame (44), and then the extension rod (45) drives the anti-deviation device (50) and the sowing device (60) to do reciprocating motion; when the extension rod (45) moves downward, the ground insertion rod (57) is inserted into the soil for fixing, the limit frame (51) moves with the bracket (10), and the shell (52) remains fixed relative to the ground , the inserting knife (53) breaks through the ground film and inserts into the soil, and at the same time the roller (67) contacts and abuts against the abutting plate (65), the second connecting rod (64) flips over, driving the sowing roller (62) to rotate, so that the sowing groove (63) is downward to complete the sowing, and then the extension rod (45) moves up, driving the inserting rod (57) to move up and out of the soil, the reset spring (54) restores the deformation, pushes the shell (52) to reset along the inner wall of the limit frame (51), and the inserting knife (53) is pulled out from the soil and the ground film, ready for the next sowing; Step 4: The covering plate (71) initially gathers the soil at the edge of the mulch film, and the covering rod (73) drives the roller (74) and the spiral blade (75) to press down, transporting the soil to the circular covering frame (76) and evenly covering the sowing hole to complete the covering and compaction.

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