Banana spray ripening device and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a banana spraying ripening device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of banana ripening devices.The banana spraying ripening device comprises a banana processing cabin, a partition plate is fixedly arranged in the banana processing cabin, the banana processing cabin is divided into a banana pretreatment cabin and a banana ripening cabin through the partition plate, a communication door is arranged on the partition plate, a sealing door is rotatably installed on the communication door through a hinge, a spraying mechanism and a air-drying mechanism are arranged in the banana pretreatment cabin, and a banana spraying processing adjusting mechanism is installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment cabin.The device realizes accurate release of ethylene in sensitive areas of banana fruit stalks and bodies through microcapsule suspension spraying and HIFU ultrasonic targeted explosion technology, realizes linkage spraying, air-drying and transfer of a four-station rotating support (90° switching), cooperates with a three-axis positioning system, realizes full-automatic closed loop of banana processing-ripening, realizes real-time monitoring of banana state through a multi-spectrum sensor, dynamically adjusts ultrasonic power and pulse length, and ensures maturity consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of banana ripening spraying technology, and in particular to a banana ripening spraying device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Bananas are plants belonging to the genus Musa in the family Musaceae, and also refer to their fruit. They are widely cultivated in tropical regions. Bananas are fragrant, nutritious, and the plant is a large herbaceous plant. To ensure the transportation and storage of bananas, they are usually harvested before they are ripe and then artificially ripened. Current banana ripening technology mainly relies on gas diffusion and liquid spraying. The essence of this technology is to allow ripening agents (ethylene or ethephon) to be delivered to the banana peel in molecular or droplet form through the environmental medium (air) and then penetrate into the pulp.

[0003] The fundamental shortcoming of existing technology lies in the contradiction between reagent utilization and uniformity: to ensure uniformity, excessive amounts of ripening agents must be used, causing high-concentration gases to permeate the entire space. This results in significant waste of reagents, which adhere to non-target areas such as bulkheads and shelves, polluting the equipment and the environment, and the residues are difficult to clean.

[0004] The action mode is passive and inefficient: ripening agents need to penetrate the banana's own outer peel barrier (lenticels, cuticle), which is a passive, slow, and unevenly efficient process. Small differences in peel thickness, ripeness, and surface condensation film can all lead to different penetration efficiency, which is the physiological root of the "uniformity" problem.

[0005] Existing technologies overuse ripening agents, causing high concentrations of gas to permeate the entire space. This results in a significant waste of the agents and leaves residues that are difficult to clean. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a banana spraying ripening device and its usage method. The prior art uses excessive ripening agents, causing high concentrations of gas to permeate the entire space, which leads to a large waste of agents and the problem of residues that are difficult to clean.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A banana spraying ripening device includes:

[0009] The banana processing chamber is equipped with a partition plate that divides the banana processing chamber into a banana pretreatment chamber and a banana ripening chamber. The partition plate is equipped with a connecting door, and a sealing door is installed on the connecting door by means of a hinge.

[0010] Both the spraying and drying mechanisms are located inside the banana pretreatment chamber;

[0011] The banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism is installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber and works in conjunction with the spraying mechanism and the drying mechanism.

[0012] Banana racks are installed inside the banana ripening chamber;

[0013] Both the ultrasonic jetting mechanism and the triaxial structure are located inside the banana ripening chamber. The triaxial structure is installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber, and the ultrasonic jetting mechanism is connected to the triaxial structure.

[0014] Preferably, the front of the banana processing chamber is open and a side cover is fixedly installed. The side cover is provided with a first door and a second door. The first door is connected to the banana pretreatment chamber, and the second door is connected to the banana ripening chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes a spraying processing cylinder and a microcapsule suspension storage cylinder. Both the spraying processing cylinder and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder are installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber. A liquid pump is installed at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder. A liquid extraction pipe is connected between the inlet of the liquid pump and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder. A feeding port is installed at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder. A spray pipe is connected to the outlet of the liquid pump. The inner end of the spray pipe extends into the interior of the spraying processing cylinder and is equipped with a spray head. The interior of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder contains microcapsule suspension for spraying the microcapsule suspension onto the surface of the bananas.

[0016] Preferably, the drying mechanism includes a drying cylinder installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber. A fan is installed on the outside of the drying cylinder, and the outlet of the fan is connected to a drying pipe. The inlet of the drying pipe is located inside the drying cylinder and is provided with a drying port for drying the microcapsule suspension on the surface of the banana.

[0017] Preferably, the banana rack includes a support frame, which is installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana ripening chamber. Three suspension rods are fixedly installed on the support frame, and each of the three suspension rods has multiple suspension hooks at its bottom for suspending and supporting the bananas.

[0018] Preferably, the triaxial structure includes two X-axis electric lead screws, both of which are fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber. A Y-axis electric lead screw is installed on the two X-axis electric lead screws, and a Z-axis linear motor is installed on the Y-axis electric lead screw. The ultrasonic jetting mechanism is installed on the output shaft of the Z-axis linear motor and is used to adjust the X, Y, and Z-axis directions of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the ultrasonic jetting mechanism includes a top plate, which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of a Z-axis linear motor. A mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate, and a stepper motor is mounted on the bottom of the mounting bracket. The output shaft of the stepper motor is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket via a bearing. A rotating plate is mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor. A HIFU ultrasonic transducer is mounted on the top of the rotating plate, and a multispectral vision sensor is mounted on the bottom of the rotating plate. The HIFU ultrasonic transducer is triggered to emit ultrasonic pulses of specific power and duration, instantly "detonating" the microcapsules in the focal area and releasing the ripening agent.

[0020] Preferably, the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism includes a fixed ring and a servo motor. Both the fixed ring and the servo motor are installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber. A four-position support plate is installed on the output shaft of the servo motor. The fixed ring is rotatably connected to the top of the four-position support plate. Four motors are installed on the four-position support plate. A round rod is fixedly installed on the output shaft of each of the four motors. The four round rods are rotatably connected to the four-position support plate through bearings. A round plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the four round rods. Two electric cylinders are fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the four round plates. The same banana hook is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders located on the same round plate. The servo motor drives the four-position support plate to rotate, with each rotation being 90 degrees. The four-position support plate drives the bananas to enter the spraying and processing cylinder and the drying cylinder in sequence through the electric cylinders and the banana hooks.

[0021] Preferably, the top of the four-station support plate is provided with a circular groove, the side wall of the circular groove is provided with an annular limiting groove, and multiple balls are embedded in the outer side of the fixing ring. The multiple balls are slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove to ensure stable rotation.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for using a banana spraying ripening device, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: When using, connect the power supply and controller, and first prepare the microcapsule suspension by the following steps:

[0024] A1. Preparation of the inner aqueous phase (W1): A precisely measured amount of ethephon technical is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing a stabilizer (preferably polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or gelatin) to form a homogeneous inner aqueous phase (W1), wherein the mass-volume concentration of the stabilizer is 0.5%~2%;

[0025] A2. Preparation of oil phase (O): PLGA (polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer) is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent to form an oil phase (O). The molar ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid monomers in the PLGA can be selected in the range of 50:50 to 85:15, and its molecular weight can be selected in the range of 10,000 Da to 100,000 Da. The volatile organic solvent is preferably dichloromethane (DCM) or ethyl acetate.

[0026] A3. Formation of the initial emulsion (W1 / O): Under ice-water bath conditions, the inner aqueous phase (W1) is slowly added dropwise to the oil phase (O). Then, a high-speed shear emulsifier (such as Ultra-Turrax) is used to emulsify for 1 to 3 minutes at a speed of 8000~15000 rpm to form a stable water-in-oil initial emulsion (W1 / O).

[0027] A4. Formation of a double emulsion (W1 / O / W2): Quickly pour the above-mentioned primary emulsion (W1 / O) into a large amount of external aqueous phase (W2) containing emulsifier (usually PVA), and continue stirring under mechanical stirring (300~600 rpm) for a period of time (e.g., 5~10 minutes) to form a water / oil / water double emulsion (W1 / O / W2).

[0028] A5. Solvent evaporation and microcapsule solidification: The above aqueous double emulsion is continuously stirred for 4 to 12 hours to allow the organic solvent in the oil phase to fully evaporate. During this process, the PLGA polymer gradually precipitates and solidifies, forming a solid microcapsule shell wall that encapsulates the ethephon aqueous solution.

[0029] A6. Collection and Washing: After the solvent has completely evaporated, collect the obtained microcapsule solids by centrifugation or filtration. Then wash repeatedly with deionized water to remove residual emulsifiers, solvents, and other impurities.

[0030] A7. Drying and Sieving: The cleaned microcapsules are freeze-dried (Lyophilization) or vacuum-dried to obtain free-flowing dry powder. Finally, they are sieved through a standard sieve to obtain PLGA-encapsulated ethephon microcapsule products with uniform particle size distribution (e.g., target particle size range of 1~10 μm).

[0031] A8. Mix the microcapsules with deionized water, as well as necessary dispersants and wetting agents, and disperse them by mechanical stirring or ultrasonication to form a stable microcapsule suspension.

[0032] S2: The microcapsule suspension is added to the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder. At the four stations of the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism, bananas are sequentially suspended by banana hooks, sprayed with the microcapsule suspension by the spraying mechanism, and dried by the drying mechanism. After the bananas are removed at the last station, they enter the banana ripening chamber through the connecting door and are suspended again by hooks. The four-station support plate is supported by fixing rings to ensure stable rotation. A servo motor drives the four-station support plate to rotate 90 degrees each time. The four-station support plate is electrically controlled... The cylinder and banana hook pull the banana into the spraying and drying cylinder in sequence. Once inside the spraying cylinder, the liquid pump sends the microcapsule suspension into the spray pipe through the liquid extraction pipe, and then sprays it onto the banana surface through the spray head. The electric cylinder moves the banana up and down, and the motor drives the round rod to rotate. The round rod rotates the banana through the round plate, the electric cylinder, and the banana hook, which can spray the microcapsule suspension all over the banana surface. Then the banana enters the drying cylinder, and the fan works to dry the banana surface through the drying pipe and drying port, so that the microcapsule suspension adheres to the banana surface and does not drip.

[0033] S3: Bananas are suspended inside a ripening chamber for ripening. Two X-axis electric screws drive a Y-axis electric screw to move along the X-axis, which in turn drives a Z-axis linear motor to move along the Y-axis. This Z-axis linear motor then drives an ultrasonic jetting mechanism to move along the Z-axis. A stepper motor rotates a rotating plate, which in turn rotates a HIFU ultrasonic transducer. The position of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism can be adjusted in multiple locations. A multispectral vision sensor scans each bunch of bananas, identifying and locating the auxin-rich area in the stem of each banana, the area most sensitive to ethylene, and the fruit itself. The position information is transmitted in real time to the central control system of the controller. The control system plans the optimal path, drives the ultrasonic jetting mechanism to move, and precisely moves the focus of the HIFU ultrasonic transducer to the target point. This triggers the HIFU ultrasonic transducer to emit ultrasonic pulses of specific power and duration, instantly "detonating" the microcapsules in the focus area and releasing the ripening agent. The multispectral vision sensor monitors changes in banana color and firmness in real time, feeding this feedback to the control system for adaptive adjustment of subsequent activation parameters, achieving closed-loop control.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are:

[0035] 1. Precisely target and release ripening agents by using a HIFU ultrasonic transducer to focus and "detonate" microcapsules, releasing ethephon only in specific areas of the banana stem or fruit body (such as areas rich in auxin), avoiding waste of the agent (reducing the dosage by 30-50%), while improving the uniformity of ripening.

[0036] 2. Fully automated and highly efficient operation: The bananas are automatically hung, sprayed, dried and transferred through a four-station support plate (rotating 90 degrees each time) and electric cylinders. Combined with the three-axis structure for precise positioning, the processing capacity is increased by 2-3 times (for example, multiple batches of bananas can be processed per hour), greatly reducing manual intervention.

[0037] 3. Improved ripening quality and real-time monitoring: Multispectral visual sensors scan changes in banana color and firmness in real time, and feed the feedback to the control system to adaptively adjust ultrasonic parameters (such as power and duration), ensuring closed-loop control of the ripening process, improving the consistency of banana ripeness (error <5%), and avoiding overripeness or damage.

[0038] 4. Enhanced environmental protection and safety: Microcapsule encapsulation technology (PLGA material) isolates ethephon agents, reducing environmental exposure and agent volatilization; sealed chamber design (such as connecting door and side cover seal) blocks the spread of odors, meets food safety standards, and reduces operational risks.

[0039] 5. Energy saving and efficient use of resources: The air-drying mechanism quickly solidifies the microcapsule suspension (air-drying time <1 minute / batch), reducing energy consumption; the microcapsule suspension can be prepared in a recyclable manner (such as steps A1-A8), and the solvent evaporation recovery rate reaches more than 90%, reducing costs.

[0040] 6. It is highly versatile and adaptable to adjustable parameters. The device parameters can be customized (such as PLGA ratio and ultrasonic pulse power), and it is suitable for different banana varieties (such as plantains or pink bananas). The overall structure is modular, making it easy to maintain and upgrade (such as the spray head and sensor can be replaced).

[0041] This invention utilizes microcapsule suspension spraying combined with HIFU ultrasonic targeted detonation technology to achieve precise release of ethephon in the sensitive areas of the banana stem / body. A four-position rotating support (90° switching) links spraying, drying, and transfer modules, along with a three-axis positioning system, to achieve a fully automated closed-loop process for banana processing and ripening, improving efficiency. A multispectral sensor monitors the banana status in real time and dynamically adjusts the ultrasonic power and pulse duration to ensure consistent ripeness and avoid overripe damage.

[0042] This invention encapsulates the active ingredient of a ripening agent (ethephon) in an ultrasound-sensitive, biodegradable microcapsule. First, a suspension of the microcapsule is uniformly coated onto the surface of a banana, forming an invisible "smart film." This step solves the problem of "uniform spatial distribution."

[0043] "Precision Detonation": A high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) generator is used to precisely scan and irradiate the banana stem (the ethylene-sensitive part) or the fruit itself. The ultrasonic energy instantly breaks the microcapsule shell at the focal point, releasing the ripening agent in a targeted, quantitative, and timed manner, directly acting on the key areas. This step solves the problem of "precise spatiotemporal control" and overcomes the outer peel barrier. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side cover disassembly structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below;

[0047] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A front view structural diagram;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the banana processing chamber structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air-drying mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the banana rack structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the triaxial structure and ultrasonic jetting mechanism of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the triaxial structure and ultrasonic jetting mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism, drying mechanism, and banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the four-station support plate, servo motor, motor, electric cylinder, banana hook and related parts of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing ring of the present invention.

[0059] The components include: 1. Banana processing chamber; 11. Side cover; 12. First cover door; 13. Second cover door; 14. Divider plate; 141. Connecting door; 15. Banana pretreatment chamber; 16. Banana ripening chamber;

[0060] 2. Spraying mechanism; 21. Spraying processing cylinder; 22. Microcapsule suspension storage cylinder; 23. Feeding port; 24. Spray head; 25. Liquid extraction pipe; 26. Liquid pump; 27. Spray pipe;

[0061] 3. Drying mechanism; 31. Drying duct; 32. Drying outlet; 33. Drying pipe; 34. Fan;

[0062] 4. Banana rack; 41. Support frame; 42. Hanging rod; 43. Hanging hook;

[0063] 5. Ultrasonic jetting mechanism; 51. Top plate; 52. Fixing frame; 53. Stepper motor; 54. Rotating plate; 55. HIFU ultrasonic transducer; 56. Multispectral vision sensor;

[0064] 6. Three-axis structure; 61. X-axis electric lead screw; 62. Y-axis electric lead screw; 63. Z-axis linear motor;

[0065] 7. Banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism; 71. Fixing ring; 711. Ball bearing; 72. Servo motor; 73. Four-position support plate; 731. Circular groove; 732. Annular limiting groove; 74. Motor; 741. Circular rod; 75. Circular plate; 76. Electric cylinder; 77. Banana hook. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Example 1

[0067] like Figures 1-15As shown, this invention provides a banana spraying and ripening device, including a banana processing chamber 1, a spraying mechanism 2, a drying mechanism 3, a banana rack 4, an ultrasonic spraying mechanism 5, a three-axis structure 6, and a banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism 7. A partition plate 14 is fixedly installed inside the banana processing chamber 1, dividing it into a banana pretreatment chamber 15 and a banana ripening chamber 16. A connecting door 141 is provided on the partition plate 14, and a sealing door is rotatably installed on the connecting door 141 via a hinge. The front of the banana processing chamber 1 is open and a side cover 11 is fixedly installed, with a first cover door 1 on the side cover 11. 2. The first cover 12 is connected to the banana pretreatment chamber 15, and the second cover 13 is connected to the banana ripening chamber 16. The spraying mechanism 2 and the drying mechanism 3 are both located inside the banana pretreatment chamber 15. The banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism 7 is installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber 15 and cooperates with the spraying mechanism 2 and the drying mechanism 3. The banana rack 4 is located inside the banana ripening chamber 16. The ultrasonic spraying mechanism 5 and the three-axis structure 6 are both located inside the banana ripening chamber 16. The three-axis structure 6 is installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber 16, and the ultrasonic spraying mechanism 5 is connected to the three-axis structure 6.

[0068] Specifically, the connecting door 141 allows bananas to be transferred; the side cover 11 and the cover doors (first cover door 12 and second cover door 13) ensure access and airtightness.

[0069] Key parameters: Cabin dimensions are approximately 2-3 m³ (industrial scale); airtightness of sealed doors is <0.1 Pa (leakage prevention); temperature control range is 15-30°C (expandable).

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the spraying mechanism 2 includes a spraying processing cylinder 21 and a microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22. Both the spraying processing cylinder 21 and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22 are installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber 15. A liquid pump 26 is provided at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22. A liquid extraction pipe 25 is connected between the inlet of the liquid pump 26 and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22. A feeding port 23 is provided at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22. A spray pipe 27 is connected to the outlet of the liquid pump 26. The inner end of the spray pipe 27 extends into the interior of the spraying processing cylinder 21 and is equipped with a spray head 24. The interior of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22 contains microcapsule suspension, which is used to spray the microcapsule suspension onto the surface of the banana.

[0071] like Figure 7 , Figure 12As shown, in this embodiment, the drying mechanism 3 includes a drying cylinder 31, which is installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber 15. A fan 34 is installed on the outside of the drying cylinder 31, and the outlet of the fan 34 is connected to a drying pipe 33. The inlet of the drying pipe 33 is located inside the drying cylinder 31 and a drying port 32 is provided for drying the microcapsule suspension on the surface of the banana.

[0072] Specifically, the fan blows air through the drying duct and drying outlet (temperature adjustable to room temperature ±5°C), working in conjunction with the spraying mechanism. The fan volume is 300-500 m³ / h (ensuring drying time <1 minute); the air velocity at the drying outlet is 5-10 m / s; the airflow temperature is implicitly room temperature (20-25°C) to preserve the activity of the microcapsules.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the banana rack 4 includes a support 41, which is installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana ripening chamber 16. Three suspension rods 42 are fixedly installed on the support 41, and multiple suspension hooks 43 are provided at the bottom of each of the three suspension rods 42 for suspending and supporting the bananas.

[0074] Specifically, bunches of bananas are hung to ripen them. The support system secures multiple hanging rods and hooks (multiple hooks per rod) to support batch processing; the design facilitates ultrasound scanning and airflow circulation.

[0075] Key parameters: Hook spacing 50-100 mm (suitable for banana bunch sizes); material is stainless steel (corrosion resistant); load capacity >5 kg / hook (ensuring stability).

[0076] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the triaxial structure 6 includes two X-axis electric lead screws 61, both of which are fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber 16. The same Y-axis electric lead screw 62 is installed on the two X-axis electric lead screws 61, and a Z-axis linear motor 63 is installed on the Y-axis electric lead screw 62. The ultrasonic jetting mechanism 5 is installed on the output shaft of the Z-axis linear motor 63 and is used to adjust the X, Y, and Z triaxial directions of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism 5.

[0077] Specifically, the X-axis and Y-axis electric lead screws provide planar movement, while the Z-axis linear motor controls the height; together, they achieve precise positioning of the XYZ axes (accuracy at the μm level), covering all directions of the ripening chamber.

[0078] Key parameters: X / Y direction electric lead screw travel 500-1000 mm (covering the cabin); moving speed 10-50 mm / s; Z direction linear motor travel 100-300 mm (adapting to banana height); positioning accuracy ±0.05 mm (ensuring ultrasonic focus alignment).

[0079] like Figures 9-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the ultrasonic jetting mechanism 5 includes a top plate 51, which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the Z-axis linear motor 63. A mounting bracket 52 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate 51, and a stepper motor 53 is mounted on the bottom of the mounting bracket 52. The output shaft of the stepper motor 53 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 52 via a bearing. A rotating plate 54 is mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor 53. A HIFU ultrasonic transducer 55 is mounted on the top of the rotating plate 54, and a multispectral vision sensor 56 is mounted on the bottom of the rotating plate 54. The HIFU ultrasonic transducer 55 is triggered to emit ultrasonic pulses of specific power and duration, instantly "detonating" the microcapsules in the focal area and releasing the ripening agent.

[0080] Specifically, the HIFU ultrasonic transducer emits focused ultrasonic pulses to "detonate" the microcapsules; a multispectral visual sensor scans banana features (such as the auxin region of the stem) for feedback positioning; and a stepper motor drives a rotating plate to adjust the angle (within a 180° range) to achieve multi-directional targeting.

[0081] Key parameters: HIFU ultrasonic frequency 1-3 MHz (focal area accuracy ±0.1 mm); pulse power 50-200 W (adjustable); pulse duration 0.1-1 second; multispectral sensor resolution <1 mm, scanning wavelength range 400-1000 nm (covering color and hardness detection).

[0082] like Figures 12-15 As shown, in this embodiment, the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism 7 includes a fixed ring 71 and a servo motor 72. Both the fixed ring 71 and the servo motor 72 are mounted on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber 15. A four-position support plate 73 is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 72. The fixed ring 71 is rotatably connected to the top of the four-position support plate 73. Four motors 74 are mounted on the four-position support plate 73. A round rod 741 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of each of the four motors 74. All four round rods 741 are rotatably connected to the four-position support plate 73 via bearings. A round plate 75 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of each of the four round rods 741. A round plate 75 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of each of the four round plates 75. There are two electric cylinders 76, and the same banana hook 77 is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders 76 located on the same circular plate 75. The servo motor 72 drives the four-station support plate 73 to rotate, and each rotation is 90 degrees. The four-station support plate 73 drives the banana to enter the spray processing cylinder 21 and the drying cylinder 31 in sequence through the electric cylinders 76 and the banana hook 77. The top of the four-station support plate 73 has a circular groove 731, and the side wall of the circular groove 731 has an annular limiting groove 732. Multiple balls 711 are embedded in the outer side of the fixing ring 71. The multiple balls 711 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove 732 to ensure the stable rotation of 73.

[0083] Specifically, servo motor 72 drives the four-station support plate to rotate (90° each time), and the bananas are lifted by electric cylinder and suspended by banana hooks; ball bearings and annular limit grooves ensure rotational stability and realize continuous operation of four stations (suspending → spraying → drying → transferring).

[0084] Servo motor 72 rotation accuracy ±0.5°; electric cylinder stroke 200-500 mm (adapts to different banana sizes); station switching time <10 seconds; round rod speed 10-30 rpm (banana rotation speed).

[0085] The present invention also provides a method for using a banana spraying ripening device, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1: When using, connect the power supply and controller, and first prepare the microcapsule suspension by the following steps:

[0087] A1. Preparation of the inner aqueous phase (W1): A precisely measured amount of ethephon technical is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing a stabilizer (preferably polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or gelatin) to form a homogeneous inner aqueous phase (W1), wherein the mass-volume concentration of the stabilizer is 0.5%~2%;

[0088] A2. Preparation of oil phase (O): PLGA (polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer) is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent to form an oil phase (O). The molar ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid monomers in the PLGA can be selected in the range of 50:50 to 85:15, and its molecular weight can be selected in the range of 10,000 Da to 100,000 Da. The volatile organic solvent is preferably dichloromethane (DCM) or ethyl acetate.

[0089] A3. Formation of the initial emulsion (W1 / O): Under ice-water bath conditions, the inner aqueous phase (W1) is slowly added dropwise to the oil phase (O). Then, a high-speed shear emulsifier (such as Ultra-Turrax) is used to emulsify for 1 to 3 minutes at a speed of 8000~15000 rpm to form a stable water-in-oil initial emulsion (W1 / O).

[0090] A4. Formation of a double emulsion (W1 / O / W2): Quickly pour the above-mentioned primary emulsion (W1 / O) into a large amount of external aqueous phase (W2) containing emulsifier (usually PVA), and continue stirring under mechanical stirring (300~600 rpm) for a period of time (e.g., 5~10 minutes) to form a water / oil / water double emulsion (W1 / O / W2).

[0091] A5. Solvent evaporation and microcapsule solidification: The above aqueous double emulsion is continuously stirred for 4 to 12 hours to allow the organic solvent in the oil phase to fully evaporate. During this process, the PLGA polymer gradually precipitates and solidifies, forming a solid microcapsule shell wall that encapsulates the ethephon aqueous solution.

[0092] A6. Collection and Washing: After the solvent has completely evaporated, collect the obtained microcapsule solids by centrifugation or filtration. Then wash repeatedly with deionized water to remove residual emulsifiers, solvents, and other impurities.

[0093] A7. Drying and Sieving: The cleaned microcapsules are freeze-dried (Lyophilization) or vacuum-dried to obtain free-flowing dry powder. Finally, they are sieved through a standard sieve to obtain PLGA-encapsulated ethephon microcapsule products with uniform particle size distribution (e.g., target particle size range of 1~10 μm).

[0094] A8. Mix the microcapsules with deionized water, and necessary dispersants and wetting agents. After mechanical stirring or ultrasonic dispersion, a stable microcapsule suspension is formed. Specifically, the dispersant can be, for example, xanthan gum or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na). Its function is to prevent microcapsule particle aggregation and rapid sedimentation, maintain the stability of the suspension during the operating time, and ensure the uniformity of the coating concentration.

[0095] Wetting agents: such as surfactants like the Tween series. Their function is to reduce the surface tension of the suspension, allowing it to better wet the banana peel, especially surfaces that may have a waxy coating, thus spreading it into a uniform film instead of forming water droplets that roll off.

[0096] S2: The microcapsule suspension is added to the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder 22. At the four stations of the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism 7, bananas are sequentially suspended by banana hooks 77, sprayed with the microcapsule suspension by the spraying mechanism 2, and dried by the drying mechanism 3. After the bananas are removed from the last station, they enter the banana ripening chamber 16 through the connecting door 141 and are suspended by hanging hooks 43. The four-station support plate 73 is supported by a fixing ring 71 to ensure stable rotation. The servo motor 72 drives the four-station support plate 73 to rotate 90 degrees each time. The four-station support plate 73 is connected to the banana hooks 77 by an electric cylinder 76. 7. The bananas are sequentially fed into the spraying and processing cylinder 21 and the drying cylinder 31. Inside the spraying and processing cylinder 21, the liquid pump 26 sends the microcapsule suspension into the spray pipe 27 through the liquid extraction pipe 25. Then, the spray head 24 sprays the banana surface. The electric cylinder 76 moves the banana up and down, and the motor 74 drives the round rod 741 to rotate. The round rod 741 rotates the banana through the round plate 75, the electric cylinder 76 and the banana hook 77, which can spray the microcapsule suspension all over the banana surface. Then, the bananas enter the drying cylinder 31. The fan 34 works to dry the banana surface through the drying pipe 33 and the drying port 32, so that the microcapsule suspension adheres to the banana surface and does not drip.

[0097] Specifically, a more accurate description of the preprocessing workflow should be:

[0098] "The bunches of bananas are fed into the pretreatment chamber by a conveyor, where they are immersed in a pool containing a microcapsule suspension, or the microcapsule suspension is sprayed evenly onto the surface of the bananas to ensure that their peels are fully wetted and coated."

[0099] After coating, the moisture on the banana surface can be quickly dried using a low-power warm air system, leaving a uniformly distributed, dry PLGA microcapsule film on the banana peel.

[0100] S3: Bananas are suspended inside the banana ripening chamber 16 for ripening. Two X-axis electric lead screws 61 drive the Y-axis electric lead screw 62 to move along the X-axis. The Y-axis electric lead screw 62 drives the Z-axis linear motor 63 to move along the Y-axis. The Z-axis linear motor 63 drives the ultrasonic jetting mechanism 5 to move along the Z-axis. The stepper motor 53 drives the rotating plate 54 to rotate. The rotating plate 54 drives the HIFU ultrasonic transducer 55 to rotate. The position of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism 5 can be adjusted in multiple positions. The multispectral vision sensor 56 scans each bunch of bananas to identify and locate the auxin-rich area of ​​the fruit stalk of each banana, the area most sensitive to ethylene, and the fruit body area. The location information is transmitted to the central control system of the controller in real time. The control system plans the optimal path and drives the ultrasonic jet mechanism 5 to move, precisely moving the focus of the HIFU ultrasonic transducer 55 to the target point. This triggers the HIFU ultrasonic transducer 55 to emit ultrasonic pulses of specific power and duration, instantly "detonating" the microcapsules in the focal area and releasing the ripening agent. The multispectral visual sensor 56 monitors the changes in the color and firmness of the banana in real time and feeds the feedback to the control system for adaptive adjustment of subsequent activation parameters, thus achieving closed-loop control. Example 2

[0101] This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1. The parts that are the same as those in the aforementioned technical solution will not be repeated here. Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the following configuration is adopted: In this embodiment, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided inside the banana ripening chamber 16, and a temperature regulation system and a humidity regulation system are provided on the rear side of the banana ripening chamber 16.

[0102] In this embodiment, the ambient temperature inside the ripening chamber is controlled to follow a preset ripening curve. Typically, the banana ripening process consists of several stages:

[0103] Early stage (warming stage): Quickly raise the temperature to the ripening trigger temperature (usually 16-18°C) to activate the enzyme activity inside the banana.

[0104] Mid-stage (constant temperature ripening period): Maintain the optimal ripening temperature (usually 18-20°C), at which time the ethylene gas has the highest efficiency, and the bananas undergo uniform color change and sugaring.

[0105] Later stage (cooling period): After ripening is completed, the temperature is quickly lowered to 12-14°C to pause the ripening process, extend shelf life, and facilitate transportation and sales.

[0106] Heating module: Typically uses PTC ceramic heaters or electric heating tubes. PTC heaters have self-limiting temperature characteristics, are safe, efficient, and have a long lifespan.

[0107] Refrigeration module: Typically uses a compressor refrigeration system, consisting of a compressor, condenser, evaporator, and expansion valve. For small and medium-sized ripening chambers, thermoelectric refrigeration (TEC) can also be considered, but its energy efficiency ratio is relatively low.

[0108] In this embodiment, a high humidity environment is maintained inside the ripening chamber (typically requiring a relative humidity of 90%-95%). The purpose of high humidity is:

[0109] Prevent bananas from losing water: Avoid causing banana peels to wrinkle and turn black, and keep the fruit plump and bright in appearance.

[0110] Ensuring uniform ripening: Uniform humidity helps to ensure uniform temperature, ensuring that all bananas in the same compartment ripen at the same time.

[0111] Assisted ethylene distribution: Moist air helps ethylene gas to diffuse more evenly within the chamber.

[0112] Humidification module: Ultrasonic humidifiers or high-pressure micro-mist humidification systems are preferred.

[0113] Ultrasonic humidifiers: They use high-frequency vibrations to atomize water into ultrafine particles of 1-5 microns. They have high humidification efficiency, fast response, and low energy consumption. The atomization process also produces cold mist, which has little impact on the temperature inside the chamber.

[0114] High-pressure micro-mist humidification: Water is pressurized by a high-pressure pump and sprayed out from a special nozzle to form a fine water mist. Suitable for humidifying larger spaces.

[0115] Uniform distribution: The outlet or spray nozzle of the humidifier should be installed in the circulating air duct to use the wind to evenly distribute the water mist to every corner of the cabin.

[0116] Dehumidification module: In some situations, such as when cooling is required after ripening, the humidity inside the chamber may condense and seep out due to refrigeration, potentially leading to excessive moisture or even dripping water. Alternatively, dehumidification is required when high-humidity outside air enters.

[0117] Dehumidification is usually achieved directly using the evaporator of the refrigeration system. Moist air flows through the low-temperature evaporator, and the moisture condenses on the coils and is discharged. When the humidity exceeds the set upper limit, the refrigeration system is briefly activated to dehumidify even if the temperature has reached the target.

[0118] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A banana spraying and ripening device, characterized in that: include: The banana processing chamber (1) is fixedly equipped with a partition plate (14) inside the banana processing chamber (1). The partition plate (14) divides the banana processing chamber (1) into a banana pretreatment chamber (15) and a banana ripening chamber (16). A connecting door (141) is provided on the partition plate (14). A sealing door is installed on the connecting door (141) by means of a hinge. The spraying mechanism (2) and the drying mechanism (3) are both located inside the banana pretreatment chamber (15). The spraying mechanism (2) includes a spraying processing cylinder (21) and a microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). Both the spraying processing cylinder (21) and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22) are installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber (15). A liquid pump (26) is installed at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). A liquid extraction pipe (25) is connected between the inlet of the liquid pump (26) and the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). A feeding port (23) is installed at the top of the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). A spray pipe (27) is connected to the outlet of the liquid pump (26). The inner end of the spray pipe (27) extends into the interior of the spraying processing cylinder (21) and is equipped with a spray head (24). The microcapsule suspension is installed inside the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). The banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism (7) is installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber (15) and works in conjunction with the spraying mechanism (2) and the drying mechanism (3); A banana rack (4) is installed inside the banana ripening chamber (16); The ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) and the triaxial structure (6) are both located inside the banana ripening chamber (16). The triaxial structure (6) is installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber (16). The ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) is connected to the triaxial structure (6).

2. The banana spraying ripening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The banana processing chamber (1) has an open front and a fixed side cover (11). The side cover (11) has a first cover door (12) and a second cover door (13). The first cover door (12) is connected to the banana pretreatment chamber (15), and the second cover door (13) is connected to the banana ripening chamber (16).

3. The banana spraying ripening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air drying mechanism (3) includes an air drying tube (31), which is installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber (15). A fan (34) is installed on the outside of the air drying tube (31), and the outlet of the fan (34) is connected to an air drying pipe (33). The inlet of the air drying pipe (33) is located inside the air drying tube (31) and an air drying port (32) is provided.

4. The banana spraying ripening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The banana rack (4) includes a support (41), which is installed on the bottom inner wall of the banana ripening chamber (16). Three suspension rods (42) are fixedly installed on the support (41), and multiple suspension hooks (43) are provided at the bottom of each of the three suspension rods (42).

5. A banana spraying ripening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-axis structure (6) includes two X-axis electric lead screws (61), both of which are fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the banana ripening chamber (16). The same Y-axis electric lead screw (62) is installed on the two X-axis electric lead screws (61), and a Z-axis linear motor (63) is installed on the Y-axis electric lead screw (62). The ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) is installed on the output shaft of the Z-axis linear motor (63).

6. The banana spraying ripening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) includes a top plate (51), which is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of a Z-axis linear motor (63). A mounting bracket (52) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate (51), and a stepper motor (53) is mounted on the bottom of the mounting bracket (52). The output shaft of the stepper motor (53) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (52) through a bearing. A rotating plate (54) is mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor (53). A HIFU ultrasonic transducer (55) is mounted on the top of the rotating plate (54), and a multispectral vision sensor (56) is mounted on the bottom of the rotating plate (54).

7. A banana spraying ripening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism (7) includes a fixed ring (71) and a servo motor (72). The fixed ring (71) and the servo motor (72) are both installed on the top inner wall of the banana pretreatment chamber (15). A four-position support plate (73) is installed on the output shaft of the servo motor (72). The fixed ring (71) is rotatably connected to the top of the four-position support plate (73). Four motors (74) are installed on the four-position support plate (73). A round rod (741) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of each of the four motors (74). The four round rods (741) are rotatably connected to the four-position support plate (73) through bearings. A round plate (75) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the four round rods (741). Two electric cylinders (76) are fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the four round plates (75). The same banana hook (77) is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders (76) located on the same round plate (75).

8. A banana spraying ripening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the four-position support plate (73) is provided with a circular groove (731), and the side wall of the circular groove (731) is provided with an annular limiting groove (732). Multiple balls (711) are embedded in the outer side of the fixing ring (71), and the multiple balls (711) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove (732).

9. A method of using a banana spraying ripening device, applied to the banana spraying ripening device of claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: When using, connect the power supply and controller, and first prepare the microcapsule suspension by the following steps: A1. Preparation of the internal aqueous phase: Dissolve a precisely measured amount of ethephon technical in an aqueous solution containing a stabilizer to form a homogeneous internal aqueous phase. The mass-volume concentration of the stabilizer is 0.5% to 2%. A2. Preparation of oil phase: Dissolve PLGA in a volatile organic solvent to form an oil phase. The molar ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid monomers in the PLGA can be selected in the range of 50:50 to 85:15, and its molecular weight can be selected in the range of 10,000 Da to 100,000 Da. The volatile organic solvent is dichloromethane or ethyl acetate. A3. Formation of primary emulsion: Under ice-water bath conditions, the inner aqueous phase is slowly added dropwise to the oil phase. Then, a high-speed shear emulsifier is used to emulsify for 1 to 3 minutes at a speed of 8000~15000 rpm to form a stable water-in-oil primary emulsion. A4. Formation of a double emulsion: The above-mentioned primary emulsion is quickly poured into a large amount of external aqueous phase containing emulsifier, and stirred continuously under mechanical stirring for a period of time to form a water-oil-water double emulsion; A5. Solvent evaporation and microcapsule solidification: The above-mentioned double emulsion is continuously stirred for 4 to 12 hours to allow the organic solvent in the oil phase to fully evaporate. During this process, the PLGA polymer gradually precipitates and solidifies, forming a solid microcapsule shell wall that encapsulates the ethephon aqueous solution. A6. Collection and washing: After the solvent has completely evaporated, collect the obtained microcapsule solid by centrifugation or filtration, and then wash it several times with deionized water to remove residual emulsifier, solvent and other impurities. A7. Drying and sieving: The cleaned microcapsules are freeze-dried or vacuum-dried to obtain free-flowing dry powder, which is then sieved through a standard sieve to obtain a uniform particle size distribution. A8. Mix the microcapsules with deionized water, dispersant and wetting agent, and disperse them by mechanical stirring or ultrasonication to form a stable microcapsule suspension; S2: Add the microcapsule suspension to the microcapsule suspension storage cylinder (22). The four stations on the banana spraying and processing adjustment mechanism (7) suspend bananas sequentially through banana hooks (77), spray the bananas with microcapsule suspension through the spraying mechanism (2), and air dry the bananas through the drying mechanism (3). After the last station removes the bananas, they enter the banana ripening chamber (16) through the connecting door (141) and are suspended by the hanging hooks (43). The four-station support plate (73) is supported by the fixing ring (71) to ensure stable rotation of the four-station support plate (73). The servo motor (72) drives the four-station support plate (73) to rotate, with each rotation being 90 degrees. The four-station support plate (73) is driven by the electric cylinder (76) and the banana hooks (77). The bananas are sequentially placed into the spraying and processing cylinder (21) and the drying cylinder (31). Inside the spraying and processing cylinder (21), the liquid pump (26) sends the microcapsule suspension into the spray pipe (27) through the liquid extraction pipe (25), and then sprays the banana surface through the spray head (24). The electric cylinder (76) drives the banana to move up and down, and the motor (74) drives the round rod (741) to rotate. The round rod (741) drives the banana to rotate through the round plate (75), the electric cylinder (76) and the banana hook (77), so that the microcapsule suspension can be sprayed all over the banana surface. Then the bananas are placed into the drying cylinder (31), and the fan (34) works to dry the banana surface through the drying pipe (33) and the drying port (32), so that the microcapsule suspension adheres to the banana surface and does not drip. S3: Bananas are suspended inside the banana ripening chamber (16) for ripening. Two X-axis electric screws (61) drive the Y-axis electric screw (62) to move along the X-axis. The Y-axis electric screw (62) drives the Z-axis linear motor (63) to move along the Y-axis. The Z-axis linear motor (63) drives the ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) to move along the Z-axis. The stepper motor (53) drives the rotating plate (54) to rotate. The rotating plate (54) drives the HIFU ultrasonic transducer (55) to rotate. The position of the ultrasonic jetting mechanism (5) can be adjusted in multiple positions. Multispectral vision sensor ( 56) Scan each bunch of bananas to identify and locate the stem and body area of ​​each banana, and transmit the data to the central control system of the controller in real time. The control system plans the optimal path and drives the ultrasonic jet mechanism (5) to move, so as to accurately move the focus of the HIFU ultrasonic transducer (55) to the target point, trigger the HIFU ultrasonic transducer (55) to emit ultrasonic pulses, instantly "detonate" the microcapsules in the focus area, and release ripening agent. The color and hardness changes of the bananas are monitored in real time by the multispectral visual sensor (56), and the feedback is given to the control system for adaptive adjustment of subsequent activation parameters to achieve closed-loop control.

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