Regional rainfall simulation system water hammer effect suppression and regulation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water hammer effect suppression in regional rainfall simulation, and particularly relates to a water hammer effect suppression, regulation and control method for a regional rainfall simulation system. By monitoring the pressure change in the pipeline in real time and dynamically adjusting the valve opening degree of the adjusting valve according to the pressure data of the adjusting valve and the spray head, effective suppression of the water hammer effect in the rainfall simulation process is achieved, the stability of the rainfall simulation experiment is improved, the accuracy of the experiment result is ensured, and in addition, the experiment efficiency is improved. According to the scheme, pipeline water flow characteristics and real-time pressure changes are fully considered, so that prediction, regulation and control of the water hammer effect are more accurate, the requirement of high-precision simulation is met, in a rainfall simulation experiment, equipment damage and data deviation caused by the water hammer effect are effectively avoided, and in addition, the experiment efficiency is improved. And the potential water hammer effect risk in the real-time rainfall process can be early warned, and timely intervention is performed by adjusting the opening degree of the valve, so that the stability of the rainfall simulation experiment is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of water hammer effect inhibition in regional rainfall simulation, and particularly relates to a water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In natural rainfall process, the rainfall intensity in a large area is not consistent. In order to carry out simulation and experimental research of regional rainfall process, the simulated rainfall device needs to adjust the rainfall unit in the simulated rainfall area at any time according to the setting, so as to realize accurate simulation of the regional rainfall process. However, in the process of rainfall simulation experiment, the intensity of simulated rainfall needs to be adjusted, which will cause the pressure in the water pipeline to fluctuate violently, causing water hammer effect, and even damaging the pipeline equipment, and affecting the accuracy of the simulation results. Therefore, effectively inhibiting and regulating the water hammer effect in the process of simulated rainfall becomes a key condition for improving the stability and reliability of the simulated rainfall.

[0003] In the prior art, the pressure fluctuation is mainly relieved by increasing the pipe wall thickness or using a buffer device. However, the increase of the pipe wall thickness often leads to the increase of the cost and the increase of the construction difficulty, and the maintenance of the buffer device is frequent and the effect is limited, which is difficult to meet the high-precision simulation demand. In addition, the prior art does not fully consider the pipe flow characteristics and real-time pressure change, resulting in lack of accuracy in prediction and regulation of water hammer effect, and thus affecting the overall effect of the rainfall simulation. Based on this, the present scheme proposes a water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system, which can monitor the pressure change of the pipeline in real time, and adjust the valve opening degree on this basis, effectively inhibit the water hammer effect, and ensure the stability of the simulated rainfall process.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system, comprising: Collecting pressure data of the outlet end of the adjusting valve and pressure data of the inlet of the nozzle through a pre-deployed sensor array; Combining the pipe flow characteristic parameters, updating the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time, and dynamically adjusting the valve opening degree of the adjusting valve according to the pressure propagation parameters; Collecting the installation spacing between the adjusting valve and the nozzle, calculating the round-trip duration of the pressure wave according to the installation spacing, and generating an adjusting valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round-trip duration; Based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet end of the nozzle, the valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve is generated by rolling calculation to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle; Based on the sliding window mechanism, the short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude is monitored, and whether there is a water hammer effect risk is determined according to the short-term change trend, and when there is a water hammer effect risk, the management end is sent a warning information.

[0006] In a preferred scheme, the step of collecting pressure data of the outlet end of the regulating valve and pressure data of the inlet end of the nozzle by the pre-deployed sensor array comprises: A first pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the regulating valve, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the nozzle, and the installation spacing of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is fixed, and the installation axis is coincident with the center line of the pipeline; The time sequences of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are synchronized and aligned by time stamp; The pressure data collected by the first pressure sensor and the pressure data collected by the second pressure sensor are filtered to eliminate noise interference, and are output to a pre-set database for storage.

[0007] In a preferred scheme, the step of combining the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, updating the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time, and dynamically adjusting the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters comprises: The real-time pressure difference and flow data between the regulating valve and the nozzle are extracted from the water flow characteristic parameters; The pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters in the pipeline are iteratively updated according to the real-time pressure difference and flow data, and the update period is twice the round-trip time of the pressure wave; The valve opening compensation amount of the regulating valve is calculated according to the iteratively updated pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters, and the valve opening compensation amount is superimposed into the valve opening of the current regulating valve to form an updated valve opening instruction; Wherein, the compensation direction of the valve opening compensation amount is opposite to the change trend of the real-time pressure difference.

[0008] In a preferred scheme, when the regulating valve executes the updated valve opening instruction, the single adjustment amplitude is limited within a pre-set allowable adjustment threshold, and the adjacent adjustment interval time of the regulating valve is limited to be above a pre-set minimum interval length. When the pipeline resistance characteristic parameter exceeds a pre-set safety threshold, the valve adjustment speed of the regulating valve is forced to be reduced below a reference speed.

[0009] In a preferred scheme, the step of collecting the installation spacing between the regulating valve and the nozzle and calculating the round-trip time of the pressure wave according to the installation spacing comprises: Collecting installation position coordinates of the regulating valve and the nozzle in the pipeline, and judging whether the pipe section between the regulating valve and the nozzle is a straight pipe section; If it is a straight pipe section, a straight-line distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is directly calculated as an effective installation spacing; If it is a curved pipe section, lengths of each curved pipe section are measured by segmentation and accumulated to obtain an effective installation spacing between the regulating valve and the nozzle; According to the effective installation spacing, a pressure wave propagation speed of the pressure wave in the pipeline is calculated in combination with pipeline characteristic parameters and water body density; The installation spacing and the pressure wave propagation speed are multiplied to obtain a pressure wave round-trip time length; Wherein, after pipeline replacement and pipeline reconstruction, re-collection and update of the pipeline characteristic parameters are triggered.

[0010] In a preferred scheme, the step of generating a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round-trip time length comprises: An adjustment difference between a target opening degree and a current opening degree of the regulating valve is calculated, and the adjustment difference is compared with a preset adjustment threshold; If the adjustment difference is less than the preset adjustment threshold, the target opening degree instruction is directly executed; If the adjustment difference is greater than the preset adjustment threshold, the adjustment difference is processed by segmentation, a first segment executes adjustment of the regulating valve by one-half of the adjustment difference, and a deviation ratio between an actual pressure wave propagation time after the first segment is closed and the round-trip time length is verified; If the deviation ratio is within an allowable deviation range, one-half of the round-trip time length is taken as a delay interval, and the remaining adjustment difference is executed after the delay interval; If the deviation ratio exceeds the allowable range, the delay interval is adjusted in proportion to the deviation ratio to obtain an actual delay interval, and the remaining adjustment difference is executed after the actual delay interval.

[0011] In a preferred scheme, the step of generating a regulating valve opening degree trajectory based on a real-time pressure difference between an outlet end of the regulating valve and an inlet of the nozzle, and constraining a pressure wave fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle by rolling calculation comprises: A real-time pressure difference value between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is continuously collected, and the real-time pressure difference value is subtracted from a preset target pressure difference value to output a pressure offset; The pressure offset is compared with a preset allowable offset, and if the pressure offset does not exceed the allowable offset, the current valve opening degree is continuously maintained; If the pressure offset reaches or exceeds the allowable offset, a valve opening degree update mechanism is triggered; The deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation are obtained, and a valve opening adjustment amount is determined according to the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation, and a corresponding valve opening is generated according to the valve opening adjustment amount; Wherein, the amplitude limit is applied when the valve opening changes, so that the single adjustment amount of the regulating valve is within the preset safety range, and after each adjustment, it is monitored whether the pressure fluctuation amplitude converges within the preset target range, if not, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation between the regulating valve and the nozzle is still unstable, and the single adjustment amount is gradually increased until the pressure fluctuation amplitude returns to the preset target range.

[0012] In a preferred scheme, the step of monitoring the short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude based on the sliding window mechanism and determining whether there is a water hammer effect risk according to the short-term change trend comprises: A dynamic sliding time window is set, wherein the time length of the sliding time window is an integer multiple of the round-trip time length of the pressure wave; Within the sliding time window, real-time pressure difference values at the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle are collected according to a preset sampling frequency, and a pressure difference value sequence is generated according to the collection order; Linear regression analysis is performed on the pressure difference value sequence, the change slope of the pressure difference value sequence is calculated, and is taken as a short-term change trend index; If the short-term change trend index exceeds the preset change threshold in two consecutive sliding time windows, it is determined that there is a water hammer effect risk, a risk warning signal is sent out, and a feedback signal is sent to the regulating valve to adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve to slow down the pressure fluctuation, and the sampling frequency is adjusted to the maximum; If the short-term change trend index does not exceed the preset threshold, the current sampling frequency is maintained, and the pressure difference value sequence is continuously monitored.

[0013] The application also provides a regional rainfall simulation system water hammer effect inhibition and regulation system using the above-mentioned regional rainfall simulation system water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method. A data acquisition module is used to collect pressure data at the outlet end of the regulating valve and pressure data at the inlet of the nozzle through a pre-deployed sensor array; A valve adjustment module is used to update the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time in combination with the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and dynamically adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters; A valve action adjustment module is used to collect the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle, calculate the round-trip time length of the pressure wave according to the installation distance, and generate a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round-trip time length; The adjustment trajectory output module is configured to generate a valve opening trajectory of the adjusting valve by rolling calculation based on a real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the adjusting valve and the inlet of the nozzle, so as to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the adjusting valve and the nozzle. The risk early warning module is configured to monitor a short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude based on a sliding window mechanism, and determine whether there is a water hammer effect risk according to the short-term change trend, and send early warning information to the management end when the water hammer effect risk exists.

[0014] An electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the above-mentioned regional rainfall simulation system water hammer effect suppression and regulation method.

[0015] The technical effects achieved by the present application are: The present application realizes effective suppression of the water hammer effect in the simulated rainfall process by monitoring the pressure change in the pipeline in real time and dynamically adjusting the valve opening of the adjusting valve according to the pressure data at the adjusting valve and the nozzle, not only improves the stability of the simulated rainfall experiment, but also ensures the accuracy of the experimental results. In addition, the present application fully considers the pipeline water flow characteristics and real-time pressure change, so that the prediction and regulation of the water hammer effect are more accurate, meeting the demand for high-precision simulation. In the simulated rainfall experiment, the damage to the equipment and the deviation of the data caused by the water hammer effect are effectively avoided, the reliability of the system and the credibility of the experimental data are improved, and in addition, the potential water hammer effect risk in the real-time rainfall process is warned, and timely intervention is carried out by adjusting the valve opening, further improving the stability of the simulated rainfall experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a method flowchart of the present application; Figure 2 is a system module schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 3 is an electronic device structure schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0018] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be appreciated that the present application can be practiced in a variety of ways beyond the specific details set forth herein, having regard to the content of the detailed description and the appended claims, the full scope of the application being set forth only by the claims.

[0019] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" referred to herein means a specific feature, structure, characteristic, or combination of features and / or characteristics described herein that can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. The various appearances of "in one preferred embodiment", "in another preferred embodiment", or "in at least one embodiment" in the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, although they can.

[0020] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a method for inhibiting and regulating water hammer effect of a regional rainfall simulation system, comprising: S1, collecting pressure data at the outlet end of the regulating valve and at the inlet of the sprinkler head through a pre-deployed sensor array; In the step S1, when performing regional rainfall simulation, a sensor array for monitoring the pressure at the outlet end of the regulating valve and at the inlet of the sprinkler head is pre-deployed in each water pipeline to capture the pressure change in the pipeline in real time, thereby providing pre-data support for subsequent valve opening adjustment. The step of collecting pressure data at the outlet end of the regulating valve and at the inlet of the sprinkler head through a pre-deployed sensor array comprises: A first pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the regulating valve, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the sprinkler head, and the installation spacing of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is fixed, and the installation axis coincides with the center line of the pipeline; The time sequences of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are synchronized and aligned by time stamp; The pressure data collected by the first pressure sensor and the pressure data collected by the second pressure sensor are filtered to eliminate noise interference, and are output to a pre-set database for storage; Specifically, in each water pipeline, the arrangement of the sensor array ensures coverage of all key nodes, and for effective suppression of the water hammer effect, a first pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the regulating valve, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the nozzle, in addition, the installation interval of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is fixed to ensure consistency of data acquisition, and the timing of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is synchronized by timestamp, which can be achieved by GPS time service technology or NTP network time protocol, so as to ensure that the pressure data fed back by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor can be matched in real time, and then the collected pressure data is filtered to eliminate environmental noise interference, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data, and finally the processed data is stored in a preset database for subsequent analysis.

[0021] S2, in combination with the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, real-time update the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline, and dynamically adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters; In the step S2, when determining the valve opening of the regulating valve, the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline need to be updated in combination with the real-time collected pressure data and the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and then the valve opening of the regulating valve is determined according to the updated pressure propagation parameters, so as to dynamically balance the pressure distribution in the pipeline and avoid water hammer effect caused by pressure fluctuation, wherein the step of updating the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in combination with the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters and dynamically adjusting the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters comprises: Extracting real-time pressure difference and flow data between the regulating valve and the nozzle from the water flow characteristic parameters; According to the real-time pressure difference and flow data, iteratively updating the pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters in the pipeline, wherein the update period is twice the round-trip time of the pressure wave; According to the iteratively updated pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters, calculating the valve opening compensation amount of the regulating valve, and superimposing the valve opening compensation amount into the valve opening of the current regulating valve to form an updated valve opening instruction; Wherein, the compensation direction of the valve opening compensation amount is opposite to the change trend of the real-time pressure difference; Specifically, in the valve opening adjustment process of the regulating valve, first, the real-time pressure difference and flow data between the regulating valve and the nozzle are extracted from the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, which can reflect the water flow state and pressure distribution in the pipeline. Then, the real-time pressure difference and flow data are used to iteratively update the pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters in the pipeline. The iteration update period is set to twice the length of the pressure wave round trip to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the parameters. After obtaining the updated pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters, the valve opening compensation of the regulating valve is calculated according to the updated pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters. The calculation of the valve opening compensation considers the trend of the real-time pressure difference, and the compensation direction is opposite to the trend of the real-time pressure difference. In this way, the valve opening of the regulating valve can be dynamically adjusted to balance the pressure distribution in the pipeline. The valve opening compensation = (real-time pressure difference x pipeline length between regulating valve and nozzle) / (pressure propagation speed x water flow density x pipeline cross-sectional area). Then, the valve opening compensation is added to the current valve opening of the regulating valve to form a new valve opening command, which is sent to the regulating valve for execution. In this way, the pressure in the pipeline can be controlled and adjusted, effectively avoiding the water hammer effect caused by pressure fluctuations, and improving the stability of the regional rainfall simulation system.

[0022] It should be noted that when the regulating valve executes the updated valve opening command, the single adjustment amplitude is limited within the preset allowable adjustment threshold, and the adjacent adjustment interval time of the regulating valve is limited to be greater than the preset minimum interval time; When the pipeline resistance characteristic parameter exceeds the preset safety threshold, the valve adjustment speed of the regulating valve is forcibly reduced below the reference speed; To avoid water hammer effect, when the regulating valve executes the updated valve opening command, the single adjustment amplitude of the regulating valve is limited accordingly, which can ensure the stability of the adjustment process and prevent pressure impact caused by drastic changes. Specifically, the single adjustment amplitude is controlled within the preset allowable adjustment threshold, and the adjacent adjustment interval time is ensured to be not less than the preset minimum interval time, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of water hammer effect. In addition, when it is monitored that the pipeline resistance characteristic parameter exceeds the safety threshold, the valve adjustment speed of the regulating valve is forcibly reduced below the reference speed to reduce the risk of pressure fluctuation, so that the pressure change in the pipeline during the adjustment process of the regulating valve is more gentle, and the nozzle water flow is more stable, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the rainfall simulation.

[0023] S3, the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is collected, and the round trip time of the pressure wave is calculated according to the installation distance, and the regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation is generated according to the round trip time; In the step S3, when generating the regulating valve action sequence, first, the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is determined, and the round-trip time of the pressure wave in the pipe between the regulating valve and the nozzle is calculated based on the installation distance, so as to control the action time of the regulating valve, ensure that the pressure wave is within an acceptable range, and determine the action sequence of the regulating valve according to the round-trip time. The installation position coordinates of the regulating valve and the nozzle in the pipe are collected, and it is determined whether the pipe section between the regulating valve and the nozzle is a straight pipe section; If it is a straight pipe section, the straight-line distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is directly calculated as the effective installation distance; If it is a curved pipe section, the lengths of each curved pipe section are measured and accumulated to obtain the effective installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle; According to the effective installation distance, the pipe characteristic parameters and the water density are combined to calculate the pressure wave propagation speed in the pipe; The installation distance and the pressure wave propagation speed are multiplied to obtain the pressure wave round-trip time; Wherein, after the pipe is replaced and the pipe is modified, the pipe characteristic parameters are triggered to be re-collected and updated; Specifically, when calculating the pressure wave round-trip time, first, the installation position coordinates of the regulating valve and the nozzle in the pipe are collected to determine the type of the pipe section between the regulating valve and the nozzle. If the pipe section is a straight pipe section, the straight-line distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is directly calculated and recorded as the effective installation distance. However, if the pipe section contains a curved portion, the lengths of each curved pipe section are measured and accumulated to obtain the effective installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle. After obtaining the effective installation distance, the pipe characteristic parameters and the water density are combined to calculate the propagation speed of the pressure wave in the pipe (the specific calculation formula is: , wherein, represents the pressure wave propagation speed, represents the fluid bulk modulus of the water flow in the pipe, represents the water flow density, represents the pipe inner diameter, represents the pipe elastic modulus, Reflecting the speed of pressure wave propagation in the pipeline, and then dividing the effective installation distance by the pressure wave propagation speed, the round-trip time of the pressure wave between the regulating valve and the nozzle can be obtained. It should be noted that after the pipeline is replaced or modified, the pipeline characteristic parameters will be collected and updated in time, because the characteristic changes caused by pipeline update may affect the propagation speed of the pressure wave, thereby affecting the accuracy of the round-trip time of the pressure wave. By updating the pipeline characteristic parameters in time, it can be ensured that the calculated round-trip time always conforms to the actual situation, thereby providing strong support for the control of the regulating valve.

[0024] In addition, the step of generating the regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round-trip time comprises: calculating the adjustment difference between the target opening degree and the current opening degree of the regulating valve, and comparing the adjustment difference with a preset adjustment threshold; if the adjustment difference is less than the preset adjustment threshold, directly executing the target opening degree instruction; if the adjustment difference is greater than the preset adjustment threshold, segmenting the adjustment difference, and in the first segment, adjusting the regulating valve by half of the adjustment difference, and verifying the deviation ratio between the actual propagation time of the pressure wave after the first segment is closed and the round-trip time; if the deviation ratio is within the allowable deviation range, taking half of the round-trip time as the delay interval, and executing the remaining adjustment difference after the delay interval; if the deviation ratio exceeds the allowable range, adjusting the delay interval in proportion to the deviation ratio to obtain the actual delay interval, and executing the remaining adjustment difference after the actual delay interval; In the above, when determining the action sequence of the regulating valve, the target opening to which the regulating valve needs to be adjusted is determined first, and then the adjustment difference that the regulating valve needs to be adjusted is determined based on the difference between the target opening and the current opening, and the adjustment difference is compared with the preset adjustment threshold to determine the action sequence of the regulating valve. If the adjustment difference is small and does not exceed the preset adjustment threshold, it means that the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the pipeline is within an acceptable range, indicating that directly adjusting the valve opening of the regulating valve to the target opening will not cause severe pressure fluctuations. For example, the regulating valve opening is adjusted from 32% to 35%, and the adjustment threshold is set to 5%. Since the adjustment difference is only 3%, which is less than the preset threshold, the target opening instruction can be directly executed, thereby ensuring that the regulating valve Quickly respond and adjust to the target opening to achieve fine-tuning of the pressure distribution in the pipeline. However, if the adjustment difference is large and exceeds the preset adjustment threshold, it means that the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the pipeline is large. Direct adjustment may cause water hammer effect. At this time, the adjustment difference will be segmented and the adjustment process will be divided into multiple steps. First, the regulating valve is preliminarily adjusted according to half of the adjustment difference. After this preliminary adjustment, the deviation ratio between the actual propagation time of the pressure wave in the pipeline and the round-trip time calculated previously is checked to evaluate the effect of the preliminary adjustment. If the deviation ratio is within the allowable deviation range, it means that the effect of the preliminary adjustment is good and the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline is effectively controlled. At this time, half of the round-trip time can be adjusted. As a delay interval, the remaining adjustment difference is executed after the delay interval to complete the adjustment process of the control valve. For example, if the control valve needs to be adjusted from 50% to 70%, and the adjustment threshold is set to 5%, then because the adjustment difference reaches 20%, it exceeds the adjustment threshold and needs to be processed in sections. First, adjust it from 10% to 60% and check the pressure wave deviation. If it is within the allowable range, delay it for half of the round trip time and continue to adjust it to 70% to ensure stable pressure fluctuations and avoid water hammer effects. However, if the deviation ratio exceeds the allowable range, it means that the initial adjustment is not effective and the pressure fluctuations in the pipeline are not effectively controlled. At this time, the delay interval will be proportionally adjusted according to the deviation ratio to obtain a more accurate actual delay interval and executed after the actual delay interval. The remaining adjustment difference is used to ensure that the adjustment process of the control valve can proceed smoothly, avoid pressure shocks caused by drastic changes, and effectively suppress the occurrence of water hammer effect. For example, if the control valve needs to be adjusted from 40% to 60%, the adjustment threshold is set to 5%, and the adjustment difference reaches 20%, exceeding the adjustment threshold. First, adjust it from 10% to 50%, check the pressure wave deviation, if it exceeds the allowable range, adjust the delay interval according to the deviation ratio, and then perform the remaining 10% adjustment to 60% to ensure smooth pressure fluctuations and avoid water hammer effect. Among them, when the deviation ratio after the first adjustment exceeds the allowable range, it is necessary to recalculate the actual delay interval, the actual delay interval = round trip time × (1 + deviation ratio), so as to more finely control the adjustment rhythm of the control valve. In addition,It is particularly important to note that the adjustment range of the regulating valve is limited within the preset allowable adjustment threshold to prevent excessive adjustment range from causing sharp fluctuations in the pressure in the pipeline. For example, if the regulating valve needs to be adjusted from 30% to 60%, the adjustment threshold is set to 5%, the adjustment difference is 30%, and the allowable adjustment threshold is 10%. First, adjust to 40% by 10%, check the pressure wave deviation, if within the allowable range, continue to adjust to 50% after half of the delay time, and then adjust to 60% by 10%. The highest allowable adjustment threshold is limited, and when the single adjustment requirement of the regulating valve exceeds the allowable adjustment threshold of the single adjustment range, it is executed in segments according to the allowable adjustment threshold to ensure the stability of the regulating valve adjustment process.

[0025] S4, based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, generating a valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve through rolling calculation to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle; In the step S4, during the simulation of rainfall, the real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is collected in real time, and the valve opening adjustment trajectory of the regulating valve is calculated based on the real-time pressure difference to ensure that the adjustment trajectory matches the actual pressure change and reduces error accumulation, thereby improving the accuracy of the regulating valve response. The step of generating a valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve through rolling calculation based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle includes: The real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is continuously collected, and the real-time pressure difference is subtracted from the preset target pressure difference to output a pressure deviation; Compare the pressure deviation with the preset allowable deviation, if the pressure deviation does not exceed the allowable deviation, continue to maintain the current valve opening; If the pressure deviation reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation, trigger the valve opening update mechanism; Obtain the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation, and determine the valve opening adjustment amount according to the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation, and generate the corresponding valve opening according to the valve opening adjustment amount; Wherein, the amplitude limitation is applied when the valve opening changes, so that the single adjustment amount of the regulating valve is within the preset safety range, and after each adjustment, it is monitored whether the pressure fluctuation amplitude converges within the preset target range, if not, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation between the regulating valve and the nozzle is not stable, and the single adjustment amount is gradually increased until the pressure fluctuation amplitude returns to the preset target range; Specifically, during the simulation of rainfall, the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is continuously collected to ensure that the pressure in the pipeline remains stable. By comparing the current pressure difference with the preset target pressure difference in real time, the pressure fluctuation can be identified. When the deviation between the real-time pressure difference and the target pressure difference, i.e., the pressure deviation, is within the preset allowable deviation range, it indicates that the pressure in the pipeline is stable and there is no need to adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve. At this time, the current valve opening is maintained unchanged to ensure the continuity and stability of the rainfall simulation. However, when the pressure deviation reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation, it means that the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline has exceeded the acceptable range. At this time, the valve opening updating mechanism is triggered immediately to respond to the pressure fluctuation. Specifically, the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation are determined first, and then the corresponding valve opening adjustment amount is calculated based on the deviation direction and deviation amplitude. A new valve opening is generated based on the adjustment amount to ensure that the pressure fluctuation amplitude after each adjustment gradually converges within the preset target range, thereby effectively controlling the stability of the pressure in the pipeline and ensuring the reliability of the simulation of rainfall. During the adjustment of the valve opening, the single adjustment amplitude of the regulating valve is limited to ensure that the single adjustment amount is always within the preset safety range. This can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure fluctuations in the pipeline caused by excessive adjustment amplitude, thereby further reducing the risk of water hammer effect. In addition, after each adjustment, the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the pipeline is continuously monitored to evaluate the adjustment effect. If the pressure fluctuation amplitude after adjustment does not converge within the preset target range, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation between the regulating valve and the nozzle is still not stable. At this time, the single adjustment amount is gradually increased until the pressure fluctuation amplitude returns to the preset target range. In this way, the control and adjustment of the pressure in the pipeline can be achieved, and a valve opening trajectory is formed for subsequent review and optimization control.

[0026] S5、based on the sliding window mechanism to monitor the short-term trend of pressure fluctuation amplitude, and determine whether there is a water hammer effect risk according to the short-term trend, and send warning information to the management end when there is a water hammer effect risk; In the step S5, when the pressure fluctuation amplitude is normal, the sliding window mechanism is used to monitor the short-term trend of pressure fluctuation amplitude to evaluate whether there is a potential abnormal risk. When a risk occurs, a warning signal is sent to the management end in time for manual intervention, such as checking whether there is a leakage or blockage in the pipeline. The step of monitoring the short-term trend of pressure fluctuation amplitude based on the sliding window mechanism and determining whether there is a water hammer effect risk according to the short-term trend includes: Set a dynamic sliding time window, wherein the time length of the sliding time window is an integer multiple of the pressure wave round-trip time length; In the sliding time window, the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is collected according to the preset sampling frequency, and a pressure difference sequence is generated according to the collection order; The pressure difference sequence is subjected to linear regression analysis, and the change slope of the pressure difference sequence is calculated as a short-term change trend index; If the short-term change trend index exceeds the preset change threshold in two consecutive sliding time windows, it is determined that there is a water hammer effect risk, and a risk warning signal is sent, and a feedback signal is sent to the regulating valve to adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve to slow down the pressure fluctuation, and the sampling frequency is adjusted to the maximum; If the short-term change trend index does not exceed the preset threshold, the current sampling frequency is maintained, and the pressure difference sequence is continuously monitored.

[0027] Specifically, when determining whether there is a potential water hammer effect risk in the simulated rainfall process, historical data needs to be combined for short-term change trend prediction. First, a dynamic sliding time window is set, and the length of the dynamic sliding time window is set as an integer multiple of the pressure wave round-trip time to ensure that the pressure wave propagation period in the pipeline can be completely captured. The specific length can be set according to actual needs. In the set sliding time window, the pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle is collected in real time according to the preset high sampling frequency, and the pressure difference sequence is composed of the pressure difference collected in time sequence. Through linear regression analysis of the pressure difference sequence, the change slope of the pressure difference with time can be calculated and recorded as a short-term change trend index for evaluating pressure fluctuation. If the short-term change trend index exceeds the preset change threshold in two consecutive sliding time windows, it is determined that there is a risk of water hammer effect. At this time, the risk warning mechanism is triggered immediately, and warning information is sent to the management end so that the management personnel can respond quickly and check whether the pipeline system has leakage, blockage or other problems that may cause water hammer effect. At the same time, a feedback signal is sent to the regulating valve to adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve to slow down the pressure fluctuation and reduce the influence of water hammer effect. In addition, in order to more accurately monitor the change of pressure fluctuation, the sampling frequency is adjusted to the highest level to ensure that any small pressure fluctuation can be captured. Of course, when there is a persistent pressure anomaly, a signal for manual intervention is sent to the management end to facilitate timely manual investigation and repair to ensure that the subsequent simulation experiment can be implemented stably. However, if the short-term change trend index does not exceed the preset change threshold, it indicates that the pressure state in the pipeline is relatively stable, and the current sampling frequency is maintained to continue monitoring the pressure difference sequence to ensure the stability of the entire simulated rainfall process.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 2A water hammer effect inhibition and regulation system of a regional rainfall simulation system, using the water hammer effect inhibition and regulation method of the regional rainfall simulation system; A data acquisition module is configured to acquire pressure data at an outlet end of the regulating valve and at an inlet of the nozzle through a pre-deployed sensor array; A valve adjustment module is configured to update pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time in combination with pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and to dynamically adjust the valve opening degree of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters; A valve action adjustment module is configured to acquire an installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle, to calculate a round-trip duration of a pressure wave according to the installation distance, and to generate a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round-trip duration; An adjustment trajectory output module is configured to generate a valve opening degree trajectory of the regulating valve through rolling calculation based on a real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, and to constrain a pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle; A risk early warning module is configured to monitor a short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude based on a sliding window mechanism, to determine whether there is a water hammer effect risk according to the short-term change trend, and to send early warning information to a management end when there is a water hammer effect risk.

[0029] In the above, the data acquisition module is responsible for acquiring pressure data at the outlet end of the regulating valve and at the inlet of the nozzle in real time through a pre-deployed sensor array, the valve adjustment module is configured to update pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time in combination with pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and to dynamically adjust the valve opening degree of the regulating valve based on the same, to adapt to different rainfall simulation requirements, to ensure that the pressure fluctuation is within a controllable range, the valve action adjustment module is configured to calculate a round-trip duration of a pressure wave in the pipeline based on the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle, and to generate a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation based on the round-trip duration, to ensure that the action of the regulating valve matches the actual situation of the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline, to avoid pressure impact caused by improper action timing, the adjustment trajectory output module is configured to generate a regulating valve valve opening degree trajectory through rolling calculation based on a real-time pressure difference between the outlet end of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle by adjusting the valve opening degree, to make the pressure distribution in the pipeline more uniform and stable, and the risk early warning module is configured to continuously monitor a short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the pipeline, to evaluate the potential risk of the water hammer effect, and to issue an early warning when the risk exceeds a preset threshold, to prompt the management personnel to timely repair.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 3 An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-mentioned water hammer effect suppression and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system.

[0031] The processor of the electronic device can be a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any combination of these components. The memory can include, but is not limited to, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk, or any other form of non-transitory storage medium for storing data and processor-executable instructions to facilitate the electronic device to perform the above-mentioned water hammer effect suppression and regulation method for a regional rainfall simulation system. The electronic device can further include an input device and an output device for interacting with a user, such as a display screen, a keyboard, a mouse, etc., and an arithmetic unit, such as an arithmetic logic unit, etc., for operation. Through the cooperation of the above-mentioned hardware and software, the operation of the regional rainfall simulation system is realized.

[0032] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprise", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, device, article or method. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprises a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, device, article or method that includes the element.

[0033] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present application, such as without special description and limitation, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system, characterized by: include: The pressure data at the outlet of the regulating valve and the pressure data at the inlet of the nozzle are collected through the pre-deployed sensor array; Combined with the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline are updated in real time, and the valve opening of the regulating valve is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure propagation parameters; Collect the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle, calculate the round-trip time of the pressure wave based on the installation distance, and generate a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation based on the round-trip time; Based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, the valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve is generated through rolling calculation to constrain the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle; Based on the sliding window mechanism, the short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude is monitored, and whether there is a water hammer effect risk is determined based on the short-term change trend. When there is a water hammer effect risk, an early warning information is sent to the management end.

2. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of collecting pressure data at the outlet of the regulating valve and pressure data at the inlet of the nozzle through the pre-deployed sensor array includes: A first pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the regulating valve, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the nozzle, and the installation distance between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is fixed, and the installation axis coincides with the center line of the pipeline; aligning the timing of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor through timestamp synchronization; The pressure data collected by the first pressure sensor and the pressure data collected by the second pressure sensor are filtered to eliminate noise interference, and are output to a preset database for storage.

3. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of updating the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time in combination with the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and dynamically adjusting the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters, includes: Extract the real-time pressure difference and flow rate data between the regulating valve and the sprinkler head from the water flow characteristic parameters; Based on real-time pressure difference and flow data, the pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters in the pipeline are iteratively updated, where the update cycle is twice the round-trip time of the pressure wave; Calculating the valve opening compensation of the regulating valve according to the iteratively updated pressure velocity and pipeline resistance characteristic parameters, and adding the valve opening compensation to the current valve opening of the regulating valve to form an updated valve opening instruction; Among them, the compensation direction of the valve opening compensation amount is opposite to the changing trend of the real-time pressure difference.

4. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the regulating valve executes the valve opening update instruction, the single adjustment range is limited to a preset allowable adjustment threshold, and the interval time between adjacent adjustments of the regulating valve is limited to more than a preset minimum interval time; When the pipeline resistance characteristic parameter exceeds the preset safety threshold, the valve adjustment speed of the regulating valve is forced to be reduced to below the reference speed.

5. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of collecting the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle and calculating the round trip time of the pressure wave based on the installation distance includes: Collect the installation position coordinates of the regulating valve and the nozzle in the pipeline, and determine whether the pipe section between the regulating valve and the nozzle is a straight pipe section; If it is a straight pipe section, directly calculate the straight-line distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle as the effective installation spacing; If it is a curved pipe section, the effective installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle is obtained by measuring the length of each curved pipe section and accumulating them; Calculate the pressure wave propagation speed in the pipeline based on the effective installation spacing, combined with pipeline characteristic parameters and water density; The round trip time of the pressure wave is obtained by dividing the installation distance by the pressure wave propagation speed; Among them, after pipeline replacement and pipeline modification, the pipeline characteristic parameters are triggered to be re-collected and updated.

6. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation according to the round trip time includes: Calculating the adjustment difference between the target opening and the current opening of the regulating valve, and comparing the adjustment difference with a preset adjustment threshold; If the adjustment difference is less than the preset adjustment threshold, the target opening instruction is directly executed; If the adjustment difference is greater than the preset adjustment threshold, the adjustment difference is processed in sections. In the first section, the regulating valve is adjusted by half of the adjustment difference, and the deviation ratio between the actual propagation time of the pressure wave after the first section is closed and the round-trip time is verified; If the deviation ratio is within the allowable deviation range, half of the round trip time is used as the delay interval, and the remaining adjustment difference is performed after the delay interval; If the deviation ratio exceeds the allowable range, the delay interval is proportionally adjusted according to the deviation ratio to obtain the actual delay interval, and the remaining adjustment difference is executed after the actual delay interval.

7. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating a valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve by rolling calculation based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, and constraining the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle, comprises: Continuously collect the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, and perform differential processing on the real-time pressure difference and the preset target pressure difference to output the pressure deviation; Compare the pressure deviation with the preset allowable deviation. If the pressure deviation does not exceed the allowable deviation, continue to maintain the current valve opening; If the pressure deviation reaches or exceeds the allowable deviation, the valve opening update mechanism is triggered; Obtaining the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation, determining the valve opening adjustment amount based on the deviation direction and deviation amplitude of the pressure deviation, and then generating the corresponding valve opening based on the valve opening adjustment amount; Among them, an amplitude limitation is imposed when the valve opening changes, so that the single adjustment amount of the regulating valve is within the preset safety range, and after each adjustment, the pressure fluctuation amplitude is monitored to see whether it converges to the preset target range. If it does not converge, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation between the regulating valve and the nozzle is still not stable, and the single adjustment amount is gradually increased until the pressure fluctuation amplitude returns to the preset target range.

8. The method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of monitoring the short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude based on the sliding window mechanism and determining whether there is a water hammer effect risk based on the short-term change trend include: Set a dynamic sliding time window, where the time length of the sliding time window is an integer multiple of the round-trip time of the pressure wave; Within the sliding time window, the real-time pressure difference between the regulating valve outlet and the nozzle inlet is collected according to the preset sampling frequency, and a pressure difference sequence is generated according to the collection order; Perform linear regression analysis on the pressure difference sequence, calculate the slope of the pressure difference sequence, and use it as a short-term trend indicator; If the short-term trend indicator exceeds the preset change threshold within two consecutive sliding time windows, it is determined that there is a water hammer effect risk, and a risk warning signal is issued. A feedback signal is sent to the regulating valve to adjust the valve opening to reduce pressure fluctuations, and the sampling frequency is adjusted to the maximum. If the short-term change trend indicator does not exceed the preset threshold, the current sampling frequency is maintained and the pressure difference sequence continues to be monitored.

9. A water hammer effect suppression and control system for a regional rainfall simulation system, characterized by: A method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect in a regional rainfall simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A data acquisition module is used to collect pressure data at the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle through a pre-deployed sensor array; The valve adjustment module is used to update the pressure propagation parameters in the pipeline in real time based on the pipeline water flow characteristic parameters, and dynamically adjust the valve opening of the regulating valve according to the pressure propagation parameters; The valve action adjustment module is used to collect the installation distance between the regulating valve and the nozzle, calculate the round-trip time of the pressure wave based on the installation distance, and generate a regulating valve action sequence with time delay compensation based on the round-trip time; An adjustment trajectory output module is used to generate a valve opening trajectory of the regulating valve through rolling calculation based on the real-time pressure difference between the outlet of the regulating valve and the inlet of the nozzle, thereby constraining the pressure fluctuation amplitude between the regulating valve and the nozzle; The risk warning module is used to monitor the short-term change trend of the pressure fluctuation amplitude based on the sliding window mechanism, and determine whether there is a water hammer effect risk based on the short-term change trend, and send warning information to the management end when there is a water hammer effect risk.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; In which, the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method for suppressing and controlling water hammer effect of the regional rainfall simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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