Energy comprehensive utilization rural garbage harmless collaborative processing system and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of garbage disposal, and relates to a rural garbage harmless and collaborative treatment system and method with comprehensive energy utilization, comprising a dead livestock and poultry processing module, a household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, a supercritical water oxidation treatment module and a wet straw treatment module. Through cooperation of the dead livestock and poultry processing module, the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, the supercritical water oxidation treatment module and the wet straw treatment module, the dead livestock and poultry, the household garbage and the wet straw can be collaboratively and harmlessly treated, and meat and bone meal products, animal oil products, hydrothermal carbon products and biomass pellet products can be produced in the process, which on the one hand, avoids problems caused by landfill, protects the environment and avoids direct threats to the health of surrounding residents, and on the other hand, reduces the treatment cost of rural garbage, improves resource recovery rate and energy utilization efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to an energy comprehensive utilization rural garbage harmless collaborative treatment system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The garbage treatment level is an important scale for measuring the degree of social civilization and the sustainable development capability. With the continuous advancement of the urbanization process in China, the imbalance between urban and rural development is increasingly prominent. The urban areas have established a modern garbage treatment system which is diversified and systematic, and is centered on garbage incineration for power generation, combined with centralized anaerobic digestion technology, biological treatment technology, etc. However, the rural areas have not yet formed a scientific, efficient and sustainable garbage treatment mode due to the small amount of garbage, wide distribution range, complex composition and other characteristics, as well as the weak infrastructure, insufficient investment, poor technical adaptability and other factors. The types of rural garbage mainly include agricultural and forestry straws, household garbage, kitchen garbage, livestock and poultry manure, and sick and dead livestock and poultry.

[0003] At present, in the practice of treating rural garbage, kitchen garbage and livestock and poultry manure are mostly disposed of by anaerobic biogas production, while agricultural and forestry straws, household garbage and sick and dead animals have not yet been properly treated. These untreated garbage is largely disposed of by landfill, which easily causes the problem of "garbage surrounding villages", pollutes the environment, and directly threatens the health of surrounding residents, thereby restricting the sustainable development of the rural ecological environment. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an energy comprehensive utilization rural garbage harmless collaborative treatment system and method, which can treat agricultural and forestry straws, household garbage and sick and dead animals, avoid the problems caused by landfill, protect the environment, and avoid direct threats to the health of surrounding residents.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows:

[0006] An energy comprehensive utilization rural garbage harmless collaborative treatment system comprises:

[0007] A sick and dead livestock and poultry treatment module is used for crushing and high-temperature treatment of sick and dead livestock and poultry, to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal oil, steam and oil-containing solid residue. The animal oil and oil-containing solid residue are pressed to obtain an oil-water mixture and a meat and bone meal product. The steam is condensed to obtain condensed water. The oil-water mixture is separated to obtain an animal oil product and water.

[0008] The household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module comprises, which are connected in sequence, a pulping machine, a first high-pressure pump, a first preheater, a first reactor and a first treatment assembly, the pulping machine is connected with the dead livestock and poultry processing module, the pulping machine is used for mixing the sorted and crushed household garbage, animal tissue fluid, condensed water and separated water to obtain water-containing slurry, the first high-pressure pump and the first preheater are used for pressurizing and preheating the water-containing slurry, the first reactor is used for making the water-containing slurry to carry out hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid phase product, and the first treatment assembly is used for treating the hydrothermal carbon to obtain hydrothermal carbon product.

[0009] The supercritical water oxidation treatment module comprises, which are connected in sequence, a second high-pressure pump, a second preheater, a heater, a second reactor and a second treatment assembly, the second high-pressure pump, the second preheater and the heater are used for sequentially pressurizing, preheating and heating the liquid phase product generated by the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, the second reactor is used for mixing oxygen and the liquid phase product to carry out supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain a fluid with a certain temperature, the second treatment assembly is connected with the dead livestock and poultry processing module, and the second treatment assembly is used for providing heat for high-temperature processing by using the fluid, and separating and treating the cooled fluid to obtain solid phase residue, water phase product and gas phase product.

[0010] The wet straw treatment module is connected with the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module and is used for sequentially crushing, drying and segmenting the straw to obtain biomass pellet material, and the biomass pellet material is used for providing heat for the first preheater and the first treatment assembly.

[0011] The application also has the characteristics that:

[0012] The dead livestock and poultry processing module comprises:

[0013] The first crusher is used for crushing the dead livestock and poultry;

[0014] The processing machine is connected with the first outlet of the first crusher and is used for high-temperature processing of the crushed dead livestock and poultry;

[0015] The air-cooled condenser is connected with the first outlet of the processing machine and is used for condensing the steam;

[0016] The presser is connected with the second outlet of the processing machine and is used for press processing of the oil-containing solid phase residue;

[0017] The oil separator is connected with the first outlet of the presser and is used for separating the oil-water mixture.

[0018] The first inlet of the pulper is connected with the outlet of the second crusher, the inlet of the second crusher is connected with the outlet of the sorting device, the second inlet of the pulper is connected with the second outlet of the first crusher, the outlet of the air-cooled condenser and the first outlet of the oil separator respectively, and the outlet of the pulper is connected with the inlet of the first high-pressure pump.

[0019] The first processing assembly comprises:

[0020] The expander is connected with the first outlet of the first reactor, and is used for decompressing the hydrothermal carbon.

[0021] The filter press is connected with the first outlet of the expander through the screw conveyor, and the first outlet of the filter press is connected with the pulper, and the filter press is used for filter pressing and dewatering the decompressed hydrothermal carbon, and the separated water is sent to the pulper.

[0022] The first dryer is connected with the second outlet of the filter press, and is used for drying the filter-pressed hydrothermal carbon.

[0023] The second outlet of the first reactor is connected with the second inlet of the first preheater, and is used for preheating the water-containing slurry by using the liquid phase product.

[0024] The first outlet of the second reactor is connected with the second preheater.

[0025] The second processing assembly comprises:

[0026] The steam generator is connected with the second preheater through the first inlet, and the first outlet of the steam generator is connected with the second inlet of the pulper, and the steam generator is used for heating to obtain steam by using the heat of the fluid, and introducing the steam into the pulper.

[0027] The decompressor is connected with the second outlet of the steam generator through the inlet, and is used for decompressing the fluid after being cooled.

[0028] The three-phase separator is connected with the outlet of the decompressor through the inlet, the first outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the second inlet of the filter press, the second outlet of the three-phase separator is connected with the pulper, and the three-phase separator is used for separating the decompressed fluid, and sending part of the water phase product to the pulper.

[0029] The softening water machine is connected with the third outlet of the three-phase separator through the inlet, and the outlet of the softening water machine is connected with the second inlet of the steam generator.

[0030] The wet straw processing module comprises:

[0031] The third crusher is connected with the pulper through the first outlet, and the third crusher is used for crushing the straw, and sending the plant tissue fluid obtained by crushing to the pulper.

[0032] A second dryer, the inlet of which is connected with the second outlet of the third crusher, is used for drying the crushed straw;

[0033] A briquetting machine, the inlet of which is connected with the outlet of the second dryer, is used for segmenting the dried straw;

[0034] A heating boiler, the inlet of which is connected with the outlet of the briquetting machine, is used for burning part of the biomass pellet to heat the boiler, and the outlet of the boiler is connected with the first preheater, the first dryer and the second dryer respectively.

[0035] A harmless and collaborative treatment method of rural garbage with comprehensive energy utilization comprises the following steps:

[0036] The sick and dead livestock and poultry are crushed and treated by high-temperature processing to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal oil, steam and oil-containing solid residue, the animal oil and the oil-containing solid residue are pressed to obtain an oil-water mixture and a meat and bone meal product, the steam is condensed to obtain condensed water, and the oil-water mixture is separated to obtain animal oil product and water;

[0037] The household garbage is sorted and crushed, and the crushed product is mixed with the animal tissue fluid obtained by the sick and dead livestock and poultry processing module, the condensed water and the separated water to obtain a water-containing slurry, the water-containing slurry is pressurized and preheated and then subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and a liquid product, and the hydrothermal carbon is subjected to pressure reduction, pressure filtration and drying to obtain a hydrothermal carbon product;

[0038] The liquid product produced by the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module is pressurized, heated and mixed with oxygen in sequence and then subjected to a supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain a fluid with a certain temperature, the fluid is used to heat the liquid product and provide heat for the high-temperature processing, the fluid after cooling is depressurized and separated to obtain solid residue, aqueous product and gaseous product, and the solid residue is mixed with the hydrothermal carbon and subjected to pressure filtration;

[0039] The straw is crushed, dried and segmented in sequence to obtain biomass pellets, part of the biomass pellets is used for burning to release heat, and the heat is used to dry the straw, preheat the water-containing slurry and dry the hydrothermal carbon, and the other part of the biomass pellets is used as a product.

[0040] The water content of the water-containing slurry is 70% to 80%.

[0041] The harmless and collaborative treatment system and method of rural garbage with comprehensive energy utilization have the following advantages:

[0042] The application can realize the harmless treatment of the dead livestock and poultry, the household garbage and the wet straw by cooperation of the dead livestock and poultry processing module, the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization processing module, the supercritical water oxidation processing module and the wet straw processing module, and can produce the meat and bone meal product, the animal oil product, the hydrothermal carbon product and the biomass pellet product in the process, on the one hand, the problems caused by landfill are avoided, the environment is protected, and the direct threat to the health of the surrounding residents is avoided, on the other hand, the rural garbage treatment cost is reduced, and the resource recovery rate and the energy utilization efficiency are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the application.

[0045] Reference signs:

[0046] 1, first crusher, 2, processing machine, 3, press, 4, second crusher, 5, first dryer, 6, air cooling condenser, 7, oil separator, 8, molding machine, 9, sorting device, 10, third crusher, 11, pulper, 12, first high-pressure pump, 13, heating boiler, 14, first reactor, 15, heater, 16, first preheater, 17, second preheater, 18, steam generator, 19, pressure reducer, 20, three-phase separator, 21, second reactor, 22, softening water machine, 23, second dryer, 24, filter press, 25, screw conveyor, 26, expander, 27, second high-pressure pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the application will be described clearly and exhaustively below in combination with the drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B: "and / or" in the text only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the application, "multiple" means two or more than two. The following terms "first" "second" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first" "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0048] As Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a rural garbage harmless collaborative treatment system of energy comprehensive utilization, including disease and death livestock and poultry chemical preparation module, domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, supercritical water oxidation treatment module and wet straw treatment module, the disease and death livestock and poultry chemical preparation module is used to break and high temperature chemical preparation treatment to disease and death livestock and poultry, obtain animal tissue fluid, animal oil, steam and oil-containing solid phase residue, the animal oil and oil-containing solid phase residue are squeezed to obtain oil-water mixture and bone meal product, the steam is condensed to obtain condensed water, and the oil-water mixture is separated to obtain animal oil product and water, the domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module includes the pulper 11, the first high-pressure pump 12, the first preheater 16, the first reactor 14 and the first processing assembly connected in sequence, the pulper 11 is connected with the disease and death livestock and poultry chemical preparation module, the pulper 11 is used to mix the sorted and broken domestic waste with animal tissue fluid, condensed water and separated water to obtain water-containing slurry, the first high-pressure pump 12 and the first preheater 16 are used to pressurize and preheat the water-containing slurry, the first reactor 14 is used to make the water-containing slurry hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid phase product, and the first processing assembly is used to process the hydrothermal carbon to obtain hydrothermal carbon product, the supercritical water oxidation treatment module includes the second high-pressure pump 27, the second preheater 17, the heater 15, the second reactor 21 and the second processing assembly connected in sequence, the second high-pressure pump 27, the second preheater 17 and the heater 15 are used to sequentially pressurize, preheat and heat the liquid phase product generated by the domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, the second reactor 21 is used to mix oxygen and the liquid phase product to carry out supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain fluid with a certain temperature, the second processing assembly is connected with the disease and death livestock and poultry chemical preparation module, the second processing assembly is used to utilize the fluid to provide heat for high-temperature chemical preparation treatment, and the separated fluid after cooling is treated to obtain solid phase residue, water phase product and gas phase product, the solid phase residue is mixed with the hydrothermal carbon and is pressure filtered, the wet straw treatment module is connected with the domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, the wet straw treatment module is used to break, dry and prepare the straw in sequence to obtain biomass pellet material, the biomass pellet material is used to provide heat for the first preheater 16, the first processing assembly and straw drying, wherein the biomass pellet material is divided into two parts, one part is used for combustion to provide heat, and the other part is used as biomass pellet material product. The present application can make the disease and death livestock and poultry, domestic waste and wet straw collaborative and harmless treatment through the cooperation of the disease and death livestock and poultry chemical preparation module, the domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module, the supercritical water oxidation treatment module and the wet straw treatment module, and the bone meal product, the animal oil product, the hydrothermal carbon product and the biomass pellet material product can be produced in the process, on the one hand, the problems caused by landfill method are avoided, the environment is protected, and the direct threat to the health of surrounding residents is avoided, on the other hand, the treatment cost of rural garbage is reduced, the resource recovery rate and energy utilization efficiency are improved.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the disease dead livestock and poultry processing module includes a first crusher 1, a processing machine 2, a forced air condenser 6, a press 3 and an oil separator 7, the first crusher 1 is used for crushing the disease dead livestock and poultry, that is, the first crusher 1 adds the disease dead livestock and poultry at the inlet, the first inlet of the processing machine 2 is connected with the first outlet of the first crusher 1, the processing machine 2 is used for high-temperature processing of the crushed disease dead livestock and poultry, the inlet of the forced air condenser 6 is connected with the first outlet of the processing machine 2, the forced air condenser 6 is used for condensing the steam, the inlet of the press 3 is connected with the second outlet of the processing machine 2, the press 3 is used for pressing the oil-containing solid residue, the inlet of the oil separator 7 is connected with the first outlet of the press 3, the oil separator 7 is used for separating the oil-water mixture, and the second outlet of the oil separator 7 is used for discharging the meat and bone meal product.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the first inlet of the pulper 11 is connected with the outlet of the second crusher 4, the inlet of the second crusher 4 is connected with the outlet of the sorting device 9, the second inlet of the pulper 11 is respectively connected with the second outlet of the first crusher 1, the outlet of the forced air condenser 6 and the first outlet of the oil separator 7, the outlet of the pulper 11 is connected with the inlet of the first high-pressure pump 12, the sorting device 9 is used for sorting the household garbage, removing inorganic matter including metal, non-metallic mineral and the like, and obtaining organic components including plastic, wood, paper and the like after sorting, the second crusher 4 is used for crushing the sorted household garbage, the first inlet of the pulper 11 is connected with the outlet of the second crusher 4, the second inlet of the pulper 11 is respectively connected with the second outlet of the first crusher 1, the outlet of the forced air condenser 6 and the first outlet of the oil separator 7, the first processing assembly is connected with the first reactor 14, and the first processing assembly is used for decompression, pressure filtration and drying of the hydrothermal carbon to obtain a hydrothermal carbon product.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, the first processing assembly includes an expansion vessel 26, a filter press 24 and a first dryer 5, the inlet of the expansion vessel 26 is connected with the first outlet of the first reactor 14, the expansion vessel 26 is used for decompression of the hydrothermal carbon, that is, the expansion vessel 26 is used for expansion flash evaporation of the hydrothermal carbon carrying a part of water, so as to reduce it to normal pressure and obtain a certain amount of steam, the first inlet of the filter press 24 is connected with the first outlet of the expansion vessel 26 through a screw conveyor 25, the screw conveyor 25 is used for conveying the decompressed hydrothermal carbon into the filter press 24, the first outlet of the filter press 24 is connected with the pulper 11, the filter press 24 is used for pressure filtration and dewatering of the decompressed hydrothermal carbon, and the discharged water is sent into the pulper 11, the inlet of the first dryer 5 is connected with the first outlet of the filter press 24, and the first dryer 5 is used for drying the filter press 24 after pressure filtration.

[0052] AsFigure 1 As shown, the second outlet of the first reactor 14 is connected to the second inlet of the first preheater 16, and is used to preheat the water-containing slurry using the liquid phase product.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the first outlet of the second reactor 21 is connected to the second preheater 17, the inlet of the second preheater 17 is connected to the second outlet of the first preheater 16 via the second high-pressure pump 27, the inlet of the heater 15 is connected to the first outlet of the second preheater 17, the first inlet of the second reactor 21 is connected to the outlet of the heater 15, the second inlet of the second reactor 21 is used to introduce oxygen, and the second processing component is connected to the second preheater 17.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the second processing component includes a steam generator 18, a pressure reducer 19, a three-phase separator 20, and a water softener 22. The first inlet of the steam generator 18 is connected to the second outlet of the second preheater 17, and the first outlet of the steam generator 18 is connected to the second inlet of the softener 2. The steam generator 18 is used to heat the fluid using its heat to obtain steam and introduce the steam into the softener 2. The inlet of the pressure reducer 19 is connected to the second outlet of the steam generator 18. The pressure reducer 19 is used to reduce the pressure of the cooled fluid. The inlet of the three-phase separator 20 is connected to the pressure reducer... The outlet of the three-phase separator 20 is connected to the outlet of the filter press 24, and the second outlet of the three-phase separator 20 is connected to the pulper 11. The three-phase separator 20 is used to separate the depressurized fluid to obtain solid residue, aqueous product and gaseous product. Part of the aqueous product is sent to the pulper 11 and the solid residue is sent to the filter press 24 as a proppant for hydrothermal carbon. The inlet of the water softener 22 is connected to the third outlet of the three-phase separator 20 and the outlet of the water softener 22 is connected to the second inlet of the steam generator 18.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, the wet straw treatment module includes a third crusher 10, a second dryer 23, a briquetting machine 8 and a heating boiler 13, the first outlet of the third crusher 10 is connected with the pulper 11, the third crusher 10 is used for crushing the straw, and the plant tissue fluid obtained by crushing is sent into the pulper 11, that is, the inlet of the third crusher 10 is used for adding straw, the second inlet of the second dryer 23 is connected with the outlet of the third crusher 10, the second dryer 23 is used for drying the crushed straw, the inlet of the briquetting machine 8 is connected with the outlet of the second dryer 23, the briquetting machine 8 is used for segmenting the dried straw, and the inlet of the heating boiler 13 is connected with the outlet of the briquetting machine 8, the heating boiler 13 is used for burning part of the biomass pellet material, and the outlet of the heating boiler 13 is connected with the first preheater 16, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23 respectively, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the biomass pellet material in the heating boiler 13 is introduced into the first preheater 16, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23 respectively, so as to provide heat for the first preheater 16, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23 respectively.

[0056] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown, the second outlet of the expander 26, the second outlet of the three-phase separator 20 and the first outlet of the third crusher 10 are respectively connected with the third inlet of the pulper 11, and a certain amount of steam generated in the expander 26, part of the water separated from the three-phase separator 20 and the plant tissue fluid generated by crushing the straw by the third crusher 10 are introduced into the pulper 11 to prepare the aqueous slurry as the hydrothermal carbonization raw material.

[0057] Among them, the gas phase product generated by the three-phase separator 20 is only carbon dioxide and a small amount of residual oxygen, which is directly discharged up to standard, and the water phase product is divided into three streams, one of which is introduced into the softening water machine 22 to generate softening water for the steam generator 18, the second stream enters the pulper 11, and the third stream is normal reaction water which can be directly discharged.

[0058] Among them, the first preheater 16 and the second preheater 17 are both shell-and-tube heat exchangers, cold fluid flows through the tube side, and hot fluid flows through the shell side, the fuel type of the heater 15 includes but is not limited to electric heating, electromagnetic induction heating, crude oil heating, natural gas heating or biomass pellet heating, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23 are both tube heat exchangers, and the second reactor 21 is a SCWO reactor, that is, a supercritical water oxidation reactor.

[0059] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the present application also provides a harmless and collaborative treatment method for rural garbage, which comprises the following steps:

[0060] The dead livestock and poultry are crushed and high-temperature treated to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal fat, steam and oil-containing solid residue, the animal fat and the oil-containing solid residue are pressed to obtain oil-water mixture and meat and bone meal product, the steam is condensed to obtain condensed water, and the oil-water mixture is separated to obtain animal fat product and water;

[0061] The household garbage is sorted and crushed, and the crushed product is mixed with the animal tissue fluid obtained by the dead livestock and poultry treatment module, the condensed water and the separated water to obtain water-containing slurry, the water-containing slurry is pressurized and preheated to perform hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid product, and the hydrothermal carbon is subjected to pressure reduction, pressure filtration and drying to obtain hydrothermal carbon product.

[0062] The liquid product generated by the household garbage hydrothermal carbonization treatment module is pressurized, heated and mixed with oxygen to perform supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain fluid with a certain temperature, the fluid is used to heat the liquid product and provide heat for the high-temperature treatment, the fluid after cooling is depressurized and separated to obtain solid residue, water product and gas product, and the solid residue is mixed with the hydrothermal carbon and subjected to pressure filtration.

[0063] The straw is sequentially crushed, dried and sectioned to obtain biomass granular material, part of the biomass granular material is used for combustion to provide heat for the straw drying, water-containing slurry preheating and hydrothermal carbon drying, and the other part of the biomass granular material is used as product.

[0064] The water content of the water-containing slurry is 70% to 80%, and the straw is mainly wet straw.

[0065] Working principle:

[0066] The dead livestock and poultry are added into the first crusher 1 to be crushed, the crushed dead livestock and poultry are introduced into the treatment machine 2 to be high-temperature treated, the reaction conditions are 160℃, 2MPa, and the reaction time is 3 hours, to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal fat, steam and oil-containing solid residue, the steam is introduced into the air-cooled condenser 6 to be condensed to obtain condensed water, the oil-containing solid residue is introduced into the press 3 to be pressed to obtain oil-water mixture and meat and bone meal product, and the oil-water mixture is introduced into the oil separator 7 to be separated to obtain animal fat product and water.

[0067] The household garbage is added into the sorting device 9 for sorting, and inorganic substances including metals and non-metallic minerals are removed. The sorted household garbage is crushed in the second crusher 4, and then is mixed with the animal tissue fluid obtained from the dead livestock and poultry, the condensed water, and the separated water in the pulper 11 to obtain water-containing slurry with a water content of 70% to 80%. The water-containing slurry is pressurized to 2 MPa by the first high-pressure pump 12, and then is preheated to 210°C in the first preheater 16 to reach the water thermal carbonization reaction temperature and pressure. The preheated water-containing slurry is subjected to the water thermal carbonization reaction in the first reactor 14, and the reaction time is 60 minutes. The amino acids, lipids, lignin, cellulose, and plastic in the water-containing slurry are subjected to cracking, recombination, and other steps to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid phase products. The first reactor 14 is provided with a filter screen with a filtering precision of 100 μm. Large-particle hydrothermal carbon is intercepted in the filter screen, is discharged to the expansion vessel 26 through the conveying, and the liquid phase products pass through the filter screen to the second return of the first reactor 14, and then enter the first preheater 16 to transfer heat to the water-containing slurry, and the temperature of the liquid phase products is reduced to 80°C. The pressure is kept at 2 MPa, and the hydrothermal carbon containing a part of water in the expansion vessel 26 is expanded and flashed to reduce the pressure to normal pressure, and a certain amount of steam is generated. The steam enters the pulper 11 to adjust the material, and the hydrothermal carbon is conveyed into the filter press 24 by the screw conveyor 25 to be dewatered by pressure filtration. The dewatered hydrothermal carbon enters the first dryer 5 to be dried, and the dried hydrothermal carbon product is obtained.

[0068] The liquid phase products in the first preheater 16 are pressurized to 25 MPa by the second high-pressure pump 27, and then are preheated in the second preheater 17, are heated to about 400°C in the heater 15, and finally are subjected to the supercritical water oxidation reaction in the second reactor 21. The reaction is a large amount of heat release, and the temperature of the material is increased to 500°C to 600°C during the reaction process. After the reaction, the fluid at 500°C to 600°C is obtained. The fluid is used to preheat the liquid phase products in the second preheater 17, and the fluid is cooled to 300°C to 350°C by heat exchange, and then enters the steam generator 18 to heat the water therein to obtain steam at 180°C and 1.1 MPa. The fluid is cooled to 80°C by heat exchange, and then is depressurized to normal pressure in the pressure reducer 19. Subsequently, the fluid enters the three-phase separator 20 to be separated to obtain solid phase residues, water phase products, and gas phase products. The solid phase residues enter the filter press 24 to be mixed with the hydrothermal carbon to be dewatered by pressure filtration as a proppant of the hydrothermal carbon. The gas phase products are only carbon dioxide and a small amount of residual oxygen, and are directly discharged to meet the standard. The water phase products are divided into three streams. One stream enters the water softener 22 to generate soft water for the steam generator 18. The second stream enters the pulper 11. The third stream is normal reaction water, and can be directly discharged.

[0069] The straw is added into the third crusher 10 for crushing, to obtain crushed straw and plant tissue fluid, the plant tissue fluid is introduced into a pulper 11 to prepare a slurry containing water, the crushed straw is introduced into a second dryer 23 for drying, and the dried straw is introduced into a briquetting machine 8 for briquetting, to obtain biomass pellet fuel, part of the biomass pellet fuel is introduced into a heating boiler 13 to be combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into a first preheater 16, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23 respectively, to provide heat for the first preheater 16, the first dryer 5 and the second dryer 23, and the other part of the biomass pellet fuel is used as a product.

[0070] The rural garbage harmless collaborative treatment system and method with energy comprehensive utilization of the present application have other advantages as follows:

[0071] Firstly, the present application forms a treatment method for the harmless treatment of dead animals and the collaborative disposal of household garbage.

[0072] The water phase product of the conventional dead livestock and poultry processing treatment process (including the animal tissue fluid generated by the crusher, the impurity-containing steam generated in the processing process, the residual water separated by the oil separator, etc.) is treated by biological treatment technology, which is similar to a municipal sewage treatment system and is suitable for large-flow wastewater treatment (generally, the daily treatment capacity reaches tens of thousands of cubic meters), however, the dead livestock and poultry in rural areas occurs in a scattered manner, and the daily treatment capacity is generally 5-10 tons, and the wastewater generated by it in a day is generally only 4-8 tons, which is difficult to be treated by the wastewater biological treatment method. Therefore, water treatment is a bottleneck problem restricting the application of high-temperature processing technology in rural areas. The water content of conventional household garbage is only about 30%, while the water content of the material required in the hydrothermal carbonization process is at least 70%, so it is necessary to add water to the garbage for adjustment during the production process.

[0073] The present application realizes the efficient resource utilization of waste by organically combining the high-temperature processing of dead animals with the hydrothermal carbonization technology of household garbage. Specifically, the organic wastewater generated in the processing process is upgraded by hydrothermal carbonization reaction, in which the organic components such as proteins and lipids are converted into hydrothermal carbon products with high added value in the reaction process; at the same time, the remaining organic components occur exothermic reaction under supercritical water oxidation conditions, and the heat generated is recycled to the processing machine through a steam recovery system, forming an energy self-sufficient closed-loop treatment system, which not only realizes the harmless treatment of waste, but also significantly improves the resource recovery rate and energy utilization efficiency through the cascade utilization of matter and energy.

[0074] Secondly, the present application forms a rapid and proper treatment method for wet straw.

[0075] For the resource utilization of crops and forestry straw, the current lowest cost and most mature technology is to make it into biomass pellet material. However, for fresh and high-moisture straw, the natural drying method is generally used to reduce the moisture content. However, for large-scale plantations, a large amount of straw needs to occupy a large amount of farmland for natural drying, which reduces the land rotation efficiency.

[0076] The present application can quickly reduce the moisture content of straw by crushing and pressing method, and the plant tissue fluid formed is recovered and used as raw material for hydrothermal carbonization reaction, realizing resource utilization; at the same time, the high-temperature flue gas formed by burning biomass pellet material provides heat for drying, realizing waste heat utilization.

[0077] Thirdly, the present application realizes low-cost operation through complementary use of energy.

[0078] It is difficult to properly handle garbage in rural areas as in urban areas, largely due to the lack of subsidies from local finance. The cost of garbage disposal is as high as 300 yuan / ton to 500 yuan / ton. Except for the rich areas in the southeast, the county governments in other places cannot afford such high disposal costs. The highest operating cost in the garbage disposal process is the heat cost, specifically the cost caused by material heating, drying and other processes.

[0079] The present application realizes low-cost operation through complementary use of energy. (1) The steam required for the treatment of dead livestock and poultry is generated by supercritical water oxidation exothermic, and the raw material of supercritical water oxidation reaction is the organic components in dead livestock and poultry and household garbage. (2) The heat required for the hydrothermal carbonization reaction at about 210 DEG C is obtained by burning biomass pellet material, which is made of local straw. (3) The supercritical water oxidation reaction itself generates heat, which can heat the cold material after the reaction, so the preheating of the material can be realized, and the supercritical water oxidation reaction process does not consume additional energy, but also generates heat for the high-temperature treatment of kitchen waste. (4) The heat used for wet biomass drying comes from the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of the biomass pellet material combustion furnace.

[0080] According to the calculation of a 50-ton device, the device has a normal operation process of 430kW of electric power, and the electricity cost is calculated at 0.8 yuan / kWh. The cost of processing 1 ton of dead animals is 46.1 yuan / ton, the cost of processing 1 ton of household garbage is 88.3 yuan / ton, the cost of processing 1 ton of wet straw is 10.2 yuan / ton, the cost of public power is 30.7 yuan / ton, and the cost of public oxygen (used in supercritical water oxidation treatment unit) is 20.1 yuan / ton, which is significantly lower than the cost of separate treatment.

[0081] Fourthly, the present application realizes zero discharge of waste water, waste gas and waste residue.

[0082] Rural areas face significant challenges in waste disposal, with the core problem being the economic and effective disposal of the "three wastes" (wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue) generated during the disposal process. For example, the organic wastewater generated by high-temperature processing of dead livestock and poultry needs to be purified using biological treatment technology, which significantly increases operating costs. The burning of household waste poses more complex pollution control problems, including the control of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and dioxins. These pollutants require multiple purification systems, and for small-scale incineration facilities, the investment and operating costs of waste gas treatment equipment often exceed the economic capacity. In addition, the fly ash generated by incineration is classified as hazardous waste, and its safe disposal requires special landfill sites or solidification treatment facilities, further increasing the disposal burden on rural areas. The high cost of "three wastes" treatment seriously restricts the application of conventional urban waste disposal technologies in rural areas.

[0083] The present application realizes the complete harmless treatment of the above-mentioned waste by using hydrothermal carbonization technology, supercritical water oxidation technology, and high-temperature processing technology, with no wastewater, waste gas, or waste residue discharged during the process. The specific process is as follows.

[0084]

[0085] Fifth, the present application realizes the resource utilization of rural waste. Through the treatment of the present application, there are four products that can be sold externally, and two products that can be used as resources. The specific introduction is as follows:

[0086] (1) Meat and bone meal: The meat and bone meal produced by high-temperature processing of dead livestock and poultry has been sterilized at high temperature and can be used as a feed additive. The current market price is 7000 yuan / ton to 10000 yuan / ton.

[0087] (2) Animal oil: The animal oil produced by high-temperature processing of dead livestock and poultry can be used as a raw material for biodiesel. The current market price is 6500 yuan / ton to 8000 yuan / ton.

[0088] (3) Hydrothermal carbon: The hydrothermal carbon produced during the hydrothermal carbonization of household waste can be used as a raw material for municipal waste incineration power plants. The current market price is 800 yuan / ton to 1000 yuan / ton.

[0089] (4) Biomass pellet: Biomass pellets produced from wet straw can be used as general fuel. The current market price is 800 yuan / ton to 1000 yuan / ton. In addition, the wood ash produced by burning biomass pellets can be used as an agricultural fertilizer / soil conditioner for field use, and the end water produced by supercritical water oxidation can be used as surface irrigation water.

[0090] It is to be understood that the present application is described by way of example only, and that modifications or alterations can be made to the features and embodiments described without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, modifications can be made to the features and embodiments described to accommodate specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather, the scope of the application includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rural waste harmless co-treatment system for comprehensive energy utilization, characterized in that, include: The diseased and dead livestock and poultry processing module is used to crush and process the diseased and dead livestock and poultry at high temperature to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal fat, steam and oily solid residue. The animal fat and oily solid residue are pressed to obtain an oil-water mixture and meat and bone meal products. The steam is condensed to obtain condensate. The oil-water mixture is then separated to obtain animal fat products and water. The municipal solid waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module includes a pulper (11), a first high-pressure pump (12), a first preheater (16), a first reactor (14), and a first treatment component connected in sequence. The pulper (11) is connected to the dead livestock and poultry processing module. The pulper (11) is used to mix the sorted and crushed municipal solid waste with animal tissue fluid, condensate, and separated water to obtain a water-containing slurry. The first high-pressure pump (12) and the first preheater (16) are used to pressurize and preheat the water-containing slurry. The first reactor (14) is used to make the water-containing slurry undergo a hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid phase products. The first treatment component is used to process the hydrothermal carbon to obtain hydrothermal carbon products. The supercritical water oxidation treatment module includes a second high-pressure pump (27), a second preheater (17), a heater (15), a second reactor (21), and a second treatment component connected in sequence. The second high-pressure pump (27), the second preheater (17), and the heater (15) are used to pressurize, preheat, and heat the liquid products generated by the municipal solid waste hydrothermal carbonization treatment module in sequence. The second reactor (21) is used to mix oxygen with the liquid products and then carry out a supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain a fluid with a certain temperature. The second treatment component is connected to the diseased and dead livestock and poultry decomposition module. The second treatment component is used to use the fluid to provide heat for high-temperature decomposition treatment and to separate the cooled fluid to obtain solid residue, aqueous products, and gaseous products. The wet straw processing module is connected to the domestic waste hydrothermal carbonization processing module. It is used to crush, dry and segment the straw in sequence to obtain biomass pellets. The biomass pellets are then used to provide heat for the first preheater (16) and the first processing component. The diseased and dead livestock and poultry processing module includes: The first crusher (1) is used to crush diseased and dead livestock and poultry; The first inlet of the chemical treatment machine (2) is connected to the first outlet of the first crusher (1) and is used to perform high-temperature chemical treatment on crushed diseased and dead livestock and poultry. The air-cooled condenser (6) is connected at its inlet to the first outlet of the chemical generator (2) and is used to condense the steam. The press (3) is connected to the second outlet of the chemical processing machine (2) for pressing oily solid residues; The oil separator (7) is connected at its inlet to the first outlet of the press (3) and is used to separate the oil-water mixture. The first processing component includes: The expansion vessel (26) is connected at its inlet to the first outlet of the first reactor (14) for depressurizing the hydrothermal carbon. The first inlet of the filter press (24) is connected to the first outlet of the expansion container (26) via a screw conveyor (25). The first outlet of the filter press (24) is connected to the pulper (11). The filter press (24) is used to dewater the depressurized hydrothermal carbon and send the dewatered water into the pulper (11). The first dryer (5) is connected to the second outlet of the filter press (24) by its inlet, and is used to dry the filter press (24) after filtration. The second processing component includes: A steam generator (18) has its first inlet connected to a second preheater (17), and its first outlet connected to the second inlet of a chemical generator (2). The steam generator (18) is used to heat the fluid to obtain steam and introduce the steam into the chemical generator (2). The pressure reducer (19) is connected at its inlet to the second outlet of the steam generator (18) and is used to reduce the pressure of the cooled fluid. The inlet of the three-phase separator (20) is connected to the outlet of the pressure reducer (19). The first outlet of the three-phase separator (20) is connected to the second inlet of the filter press (24). The second outlet of the three-phase separator (20) is connected to the pulper (11). The three-phase separator (20) is used to separate the fluid after pressure reduction and send part of the aqueous phase product into the pulper (11). The water softener (22) has its inlet connected to the third outlet of the three-phase separator (20), and its outlet is connected to the second inlet of the steam generator (18).

2. The rural waste harmless co-treatment system for comprehensive energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inlet of the pulper (11) is connected to the outlet of the second crusher (4), the inlet of the second crusher (4) is connected to the outlet of the sorting device (9), the second inlet of the pulper (11) is connected to the second outlet of the first crusher (1), the outlet of the air-cooled condenser (6), and the first outlet of the oil separator (7), respectively, and the outlet of the pulper (11) is connected to the inlet of the first high-pressure pump (12).

3. The rural waste harmless co-treatment system for comprehensive energy utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second outlet of the first reactor (14) is connected to the second inlet of the first preheater (16) for preheating the water-containing slurry using liquid phase products.

4. The rural waste harmless co-treatment system for comprehensive energy utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first outlet of the second reactor (21) is connected to the second preheater (17).

5. The rural waste harmless co-treatment system for comprehensive energy utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wet straw processing module includes: The third crusher (10) has its first outlet connected to the pulper (11). The third crusher (10) is used to crush straw and send the crushed plant tissue liquid into the pulper (11). The inlet of the second dryer (23) is connected to the second outlet of the third crusher (10) for drying the crushed straw; The inlet of the shaping machine (8) is connected to the outlet of the second dryer (23) and is used to cut the dried straw into segments; The heating boiler (13) is connected to the outlet of the molding machine (8) for burning part of the biomass pellets. The outlet of the heating boiler (13) is connected to the first preheater (16), the first dryer (5), and the second dryer (23).

6. A method for the harmless and collaborative treatment of rural waste through comprehensive energy utilization, characterized in that, The system described in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: The dead livestock and poultry are crushed and processed at high temperature to obtain animal tissue fluid, animal fat, steam and oily solid residue. The animal fat and oily solid residue are pressed to obtain an oil-water mixture and meat and bone meal products. The steam is condensed to obtain condensate. The oil-water mixture is then separated to obtain animal fat products and water. Household waste is sorted and crushed, and the crushed products are mixed with animal tissue fluid obtained from the decomposition module of dead livestock and poultry, condensate, and separated water to obtain a water-containing slurry. The water-containing slurry is pressurized and preheated and then subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization reaction to obtain hydrothermal carbon and liquid phase products. The hydrothermal carbon is depressurized, filtered, and dried to obtain the hydrothermal carbon product. The liquid products generated by the hydrothermal carbonization treatment module for municipal solid waste are sequentially pressurized, heated, and mixed with oxygen for supercritical water oxidation to obtain a fluid with a certain temperature. The fluid is used to heat the liquid products and provide heat for high-temperature carbonization treatment. The cooled fluid is depressurized and separated to obtain solid residue, aqueous products, and gaseous products. The solid residue is mixed with hydrothermal carbon and then filtered by pressure. The straw is crushed, dried and segmented in sequence to obtain biomass pellets. Part of the biomass pellets are used for combustion to release heat, providing heat for straw drying, preheating of water-containing slurry and hydrothermal char drying, while the other part of the biomass pellets are used as products.

7. A method for the harmless and coordinated treatment of rural waste through comprehensive energy utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water content of the water-containing slurry is 70%~80%.

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