Lower support casting mold

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a lower support casting mold which comprises a first mold body and a second mold body which are vertically parted, and the first mold body is provided with a first pouring cup, a first upper-row riser, a first lower-row riser, a first upper-row casting mold and a first lower-row casting mold. The first lower-row casting mold is arranged below the first upper-row casting mold in a staggered mode at the position deviating from the middle of the first mold by 0.4-0.6 time of the width of the casting, a flow dividing unit is arranged at the top of the first lower-row dead head, and the second mold is provided with a second pouring cup, a vertical pouring gate, a second upper-row dead head and a second lower-row dead head. And the vertical pouring gate is located below the second pouring cup and connected with the second pouring cup, and after mold closing, the flow dividing unit is partially connected with the vertical pouring gate. The mold filling time difference of the upper and lower rows of casting cavities is shortened, the casting problems of cold shut, shrinkage porosity and the like are avoided, and the structural strength and the forming quality of the lower support casting are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a lower support casting mold. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lower support, as a key load-bearing component of vehicle structure, is composed of a bottom plate and a set of connecting arms above, and needs to bear alternating loads and impact stress in vehicle driving, so that the density, mechanical properties and dimensional consistency of the casting are required to be strict. In the existing vertical parting casting technology, the production of the lower support generally adopts a "one mold two pieces" design: that is, only two casting types are arranged in the same sand mold along the horizontal direction, which has a significant efficiency defect, and the effective utilization area of the sand mold is only 50%-60%, and a large amount of space is occupied by redundant sand; at the same time, the metal liquid consumption of the runner and the riser accounts for 25%-30% of the total pouring amount, and the raw material waste is serious; and only two products can be produced in a single pouring, and the production efficiency is far lower than the production demand of the vehicle industry in large scale and batch production.

[0003] If the efficiency is improved by one mold multiple pieces design, it is limited by the special structure of the lower support and faces serious quality problems. The runner system of traditional one mold multiple pieces casting lacks targeted design, and cannot realize the precise distribution of metal liquid for multiple cavities (such as four cavities) of the lower support casting structure, so that the filling time difference of the upper and lower casting cavities is large, which can reach 4 seconds, resulting in casting defects such as cold shut and shrinkage, and finally leading to a large increase in the unqualified rate of the lower support casting, which cannot meet the safety use requirements of the vehicle load-bearing component. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a lower support casting mold, which has reasonable design, can realize one mold multiple pieces (such as one mold four pieces) production, improve production efficiency, and can guarantee the simultaneous filling and simultaneous filling of each casting cavity, shorten the filling time difference, avoid casting defects, and guarantee the quality of the casting.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a lower support casting mold, a first mold and a second mold of vertical parting; The first mold is provided with a first sprue cup, a first upper row of risers, a first lower row of risers, a first upper row of casting types and a first lower row of casting types, the first lower row of casting types is arranged below the first upper row of casting types with a staggered arrangement at a position offset by 0.4-0.6 times the casting width from the middle of the first mold; the first upper row of risers is located between two adjacent first upper row of casting types, and each first upper row of casting type is provided with the first upper row of risers; one first lower row of risers is arranged between two adjacent first lower row of casting types, and the first lower row of risers is connected with two adjacent first lower row of casting types respectively, and the top of the first lower row of risers is provided with a flow distribution unit; The second mold is provided with a second sprue cup corresponding to the first sprue cup, a vertical gate, a second upper row of risers corresponding to the first upper row of risers and a second lower row of risers corresponding to the first lower row of risers, the vertical gate is located below the second sprue cup and connected with the second sprue cup, and the second upper row of risers is connected with the vertical gate; after the mold is closed, the flow distribution unit and the vertical gate are partially connected, which is a communication channel formed after the sand mold of the first mold and the second mold is closed, and the metal liquid in the vertical gate enters the flow distribution unit through the communication channel, and then enters the lower row of risers, thereby realizing the pouring of the lower row of casting cavities. The staggered arrangement of the casting type of the present application not only facilitates the production of one mold with multiple pieces, preferably one mold with four pieces of casting, in a limited size sand mold, but also improves the production efficiency. Moreover, the staggered design cooperates with the design of the vertical gate direct feeding type and the upper and lower row of risers to effectively shorten the time difference of the metal liquid filling of the upper and lower row of casting cavities, thereby avoiding casting problems such as cold shut, shrinkage and the like.

[0006] Further, the flow distribution unit is a square structure, the width of the flow distribution unit is 0.8-1.2 times the diameter of the first lower row of risers, and the thickness of the flow distribution unit is 0.3-0.6 times the diameter of the first lower row of risers. Through the structural arrangement of the flow distribution unit, it is beneficial to control the flow and speed of the metal liquid from the vertical gate into the lower row of risers, so that the metal liquid in the lower row of risers flows stably.

[0007] Further, after the mold is closed, the area of the connection part of the flow distribution unit and the vertical gate is equal to 0.5-0.8 times the area of the connection part of the first upper row of risers and the vertical gate. Through the area relationship of the connection part of the vertical gate and the flow distribution and the first upper row of risers, the size of the connection channel of the vertical gate and the upper row of risers and the flow distribution unit is limited, thereby ensuring the flow distribution control of the metal liquid in the vertical gate to the metal liquid in the upper row of risers and the flow distribution unit or the lower row of risers, and ensuring the simultaneous filling and filling of the upper row of casting cavities and the lower row of casting cavities.

[0008] Further, the center lines of the shunt unit, the first lower runner and the vertical gate are located in the same vertical plane, the vertical plane is perpendicular to the first mold, and the second upper runner is symmetrically located on both sides of the vertical gate. It is beneficial to realize the consistency of the upper and lower rows of casting metal liquid pouring and feeding, avoid casting defects such as cold separation and shrinkage, and improve the quality of the casting.

[0009] Further, the gate of the first upper row of casting and the gate of the first lower row of casting are located above the connecting arm of the casting, the gate is flat, the length of the gate is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the width of the casting, and the height of the gate is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the height of the casting base.

[0010] Further, during pouring, the pouring temperature of the metal liquid is 1450-1500℃, the pouring speed is 0.8-1.2kg / s, and a stepwise pouring mode is required during pouring.

[0011] Further, the first upper row of casting and the first lower row of casting are provided with exhaust passages, and the gas in the casting cavity can be discharged through the exhaust passages.

[0012] The casting mold of the present application has the following advantages: the casting mold does not provide a horizontal gate, and the vertical gate is directly communicated with the gate cup, thereby avoiding the flow resistance and vortex problems caused by the horizontal gate. During pouring, the metal liquid is guided to fill the upper row of casting cavity and the lower row of casting cavity through the vertical gate, and the amount of metal liquid entering the upper row of casting cavity and the lower row of casting cavity is controlled through the shunt unit, thereby shortening the difference in filling time of the upper and lower rows of casting cavity, making the difference in filling time of the upper and lower rows of casting cavity less than 1.5s, and ensuring the simultaneous filling and full filling of the upper row of casting cavity and the lower row of casting cavity, thereby ensuring the quality of the lower support casting. In addition, the vertical gate direct supply type filling design of the present application reduces the filling pressure loss, which is beneficial to ensure complete filling of the cavity; at the same time, the staggered design of the upper and lower rows of casting and the metal liquid shunt control of the shunt unit reduce the turbulence caused by the liquid flow collision, and optimize the filling path of the metal liquid during pouring. The present application shortens the difference in filling time of the upper and lower rows of casting cavity, avoids casting problems such as cold separation and shrinkage, and ensures the structural strength and forming quality of the lower support casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the first mold of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 is a front view of the first mold of the present application.

[0015] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the second mold of the present application.

[0016] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 10 - first mold, 101 - first sprue cup, 102 - first upper riser, 103 - first lower riser, 104 - first upper row of castings, 105 - first lower row of castings, 106 - flow dividing unit, 107 - exhaust passage, 20 - second mold, 201 - second sprue cup, 202 - vertical gate, 203 - second upper riser, 204 - second lower riser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the application is not limited to this.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of the application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the lower support casting mold of the embodiment comprises vertically split first mold 10 and second mold 20, the first mold 10 is provided with first sprue cup 101, first upper row of riser 102, first lower row of riser 103, first upper row of casting mold 104 and first lower row of casting mold 105, two connecting arms of the first upper row of casting mold 104 and the first lower row of casting mold 105 are horizontally arranged left and right; the first upper row of casting mold 104 and the first lower row of casting mold 105 comprise the bottom plate of the lower support and the structure of two connecting arms; the first upper row of riser 102 is located above the first lower row of riser 103, and the first lower row of casting mold 105 is arranged in a staggered manner with the first upper row of casting mold 104, that is, the first lower row of casting mold 105 is offset to the middle part of the first mold 10 by 0.4-0.6 times the width of the casting, and is located below the first upper row of casting mold 104; the first upper row of riser 102 is located between the two adjacent first upper row of casting mold 104, each first upper row of casting mold 104 is provided with the first upper row of riser 102, preferably two first upper row of casting mold 104 and two first upper row of riser 102, and the two first upper row of riser 102 are located between the two first upper row of casting mold 104 and are in communication with the two first upper row of casting mold 104 respectively; one first lower row of riser 103 is arranged between the two adjacent first lower row of casting mold 105, and the first lower row of riser 103 is connected with the two adjacent first lower row of casting mold 105 respectively, and the top of the first lower row of riser 103 is provided with a shunt unit 106, and the shunt unit 106 is in communication with the casting mold cavity of the first lower row of riser 103; The second mold 20 is provided with second sprue cup 201 corresponding to the first sprue cup 101, vertical gate 202, second upper row of riser 203 corresponding to the first upper row of riser 102 and second lower row of riser 204 corresponding to the first lower row of riser 103, and the second mold 20 is provided with a boss casting mold for forming the boss at the bottom of the lower support bottom plate, and the boss casting mold is arranged corresponding to the connecting holes at the four corners of the first upper row of casting mold 104 and the first lower row of casting mold 105; the vertical gate 202 is located below the second sprue cup 201 and connected with the second sprue cup 201, and the side wall of the second upper row of riser 203 is connected with the vertical gate 202; after clamping, the shunt unit 106 and the vertical gate 202 coincide, that is, the cavity of the shunt unit 106 and the cavity of the vertical gate 202 are in communication after the sand mold of the first mold 10 and the second mold 20 is clamped, that is, the metal liquid in the vertical gate 202 is introduced into the first lower row of riser 103 through the shunt unit 106.

[0021] When casting, a sand mold is prepared by the first mold 10 and the second mold 20, and after the sand mold is closed, a complete casting cavity is obtained. The first sprue cup 101 and the second sprue cup 201 form a funnel-shaped structure, and when pouring the metal liquid, the impact is buffered and the slag is reduced by means of the funnel-shaped structure design, and then the metal liquid enters the vertical gate 202 located below the second sprue cup 201. When pouring, the metal liquid is poured from the large end of the funnel-shaped structure, and after buffering on the inner wall of the funnel-shaped structure, it enters the vertical gate 202 smoothly; then the metal liquid is guided by the vertical gate 202, and through the coincident communication of the vertical gate 202 and the flow splitting unit 106, the flow control of the metal liquid at each connection position of the vertical gate 202 is realized, so that part of the metal liquid enters the upper row of casting cavities (including the cavities formed by splicing the first upper row of casting molds 104 and the second upper row of casting molds) through the connection channel of the vertical gate 202 and the second upper row of risers 203, and the other part enters the lower row of casting cavities (including the cavities formed by splicing the first lower row of casting molds 105 and the second lower row of casting molds) through the flow guide channel formed by the vertical gate 202 and the flow splitting unit 106; at the same time, the flow rate ratio of the metal liquid entering the upper and lower rows of casting cavities is controlled through the structural design of the flow splitting unit 106, the difference in filling time of the upper and lower rows of casting cavities is shortened, and finally the simultaneous filling and simultaneous filling of the upper and lower rows of casting cavities are realized, avoiding casting defects caused by asynchronous filling.

[0022] The flow splitting unit 106 is a square structure, the width of the flow splitting unit 106 is 0.8-1.2 times the diameter of the first lower row of risers 103, and the thickness is 0.3-0.6 times the diameter of the first lower row of risers 103; after closing, the area of the connection part of the flow splitting unit 106 and the vertical gate 202 is equal to 0.5-0.8 times the area of the connection part of the first upper row of risers 102 and the vertical gate 202. It is beneficial to precisely control the flow rate of the metal liquid entering the lower row of risers from the vertical gate 202, which not only avoids the rapid filling of the lower row of casting cavities caused by the too large cross section of the flow splitting unit 106, but also prevents the lagging filling of the lower row of casting cavities caused by the too small cross section, ensures the stable flow of the metal liquid into the lower row of risers, and further ensures the casting quality of the lower row of casting cavities. It is also beneficial to realize the collaborative distribution of the metal liquid flow of the upper and lower rows of casting cavities, and to ensure the simultaneous filling and simultaneous filling of the upper and lower rows of casting cavities. During the feeding process, the structure and size design of the flow splitting unit 106 are also beneficial to ensure the flowability of the metal liquid in the flow splitting unit 106, to ensure the feeding of the lower row of castings, and to reduce the shrinkage defects of the lower row of castings.

[0023] The gates of the first upper row of casting moulds 104 and the first lower row of casting moulds 105 are located above the connecting arms of the casting moulds, are flat, have a length of 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the width of the casting mould, and have a height of 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the height of the base of the casting mould. The design of the location, structure and size of the gate is beneficial to the smooth diffusion of the metal liquid in the cavity of the casting mould, and avoids casting defects such as cold shut and shrinkage.

[0024] The center lines of the flow distribution unit 106, the first lower row of risers 103 and the sprue 202 are located in the same vertical plane, the vertical plane is perpendicular to the first mould 10, and the second upper row of risers 203 is symmetrically located on both sides of the sprue 202. In the present application, the lower support casting adopts one-side injection, and the upper and lower rows of casting moulds are arranged in a staggered manner. The center lines of the flow distribution unit 106, the first lower row of risers 103 and the sprue 202 are coplanar, and the vertical plane is perpendicular to the first mould 10. The coplanar design of the center lines can ensure the symmetry of the flow of the metal liquid during the flow distribution process, so that the lower row of casting mould cavities on the left and right sides can be uniformly supplied with the metal liquid, the difference in the filling amount of the casting mould cavities on the left and right sides can be reduced, and the difference in the formation of the casting can be reduced. At the same time, during the cooling and feeding process, the coplanar design of the center lines is beneficial to ensuring the consistency of the feeding paths of the upper and lower rows of casting mould cavities, improving the feeding efficiency of the lower row of risers to the lower row of casting moulds, and avoiding defects such as shrinkage holes or shrinkage in the casting caused by the deviation of the feeding path.

[0025] During pouring, the pouring temperature of the metal liquid is 1450-1500℃, the pouring speed is 0.8-1.2kg / s, and a stepwise pouring method is used during the pouring process, that is, the speed of the first 1 / 3 of the pouring amount is 80% of the set speed, the speed of the middle 1 / 3 of the pouring amount is 100% of the set speed, and the speed of the last 1 / 3 of the pouring amount is 90% of the set speed. Through the coordinated control of the pouring temperature, speed and stepwise pouring, the premature solidification of the metal liquid caused by too low temperature can be avoided, and at the same time, the turbulent flow caused by too high speed during the pouring process can be effectively avoided, so as to ensure the stability of the filling process.

[0026] The first upper row of casting moulds 104 and the first lower row of casting moulds 105 are provided with exhaust passages 107 to exhaust the gas generated in the cavity during pouring, avoid porosity defects, and ensure the density of the casting.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A lower support casting mold, characterized by: It includes a first mold (10) and a second mold (20) with vertical parting; The first mold (10) is provided with a first pouring cup (101), a first upper row riser (102), a first lower row riser (103), a first upper row casting mold (104) and a first lower row casting mold (105), wherein the first lower row casting mold (105) is offset to the middle of the first mold (10) by 0.4-0.6 times the casting width and is arranged below the first upper row casting mold (104); the first upper row riser (102) is located between two adjacent first upper row casting molds (104), and each first upper row casting mold (104) is provided with the first upper row riser (102); a first lower row riser (103) is provided between two adjacent first lower row casting molds (105), and the first lower row riser (103) is respectively connected to the two adjacent first lower row casting molds (105), and a diversion unit (106) is provided on the top of the first lower row riser (103); The second mold (20) is provided with a second pouring cup (201) corresponding to the first pouring cup (101), a vertical runner (202), a second upper row of risers (203) corresponding to the first upper row of risers (102), and a second lower row of risers (204) corresponding to the first lower row of risers (103); the vertical runner (202) is located below the second pouring cup (201) and is connected to the second pouring cup (201); the second upper row of risers (203) is connected to the vertical runner (202); after the mold is closed, the diversion unit (106) and the vertical runner (202) are partially connected.

2. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter unit (106) is a square structure, the width of the diverter unit (106) is 0.8-1.2 times the diameter of the first lower row risers (103), and the thickness is 0.3-0.6 times the diameter of the first lower row risers (103).

3. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the mold is closed, the area of ​​the overlapping portion between the diversion unit (106) and the vertical runner (202) is equal to 0.5-0.8 times the contact surface between the first upper row riser (102) and the vertical runner (202).

4. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gates of the first upper row casting mold (104) and the first lower row casting mold (105) are respectively located above the connecting arms of the casting molds, the gates are flat, the length of the gates is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the width of the casting mold, and the height of the gates is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the height of the casting base.

5. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second upper row risers (203) are symmetrically located on both sides of the vertical runner (202); the diversion unit (106), the first lower row risers (103) and the center lines of the vertical runner are located in the same vertical plane, and the vertical plane is perpendicular to the first mold (10).

6. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: During pouring, the pouring temperature of the molten metal is 1450-1500°C, the pouring speed is 0.8-1.2kg / s, and a step-by-step pouring method is required.

7. The lower support casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first upper row casting mold (104) and the first lower row casting mold (105) are provided with exhaust channels (107).

Images