Environment-friendly composite material prepared from household garbage incineration fly ash, ocean engineering prefabricated part containing environment-friendly composite material and preparation method of environment-friendly composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, in particular to an environment-friendly composite material prepared from household garbage incineration fly ash, an ocean engineering prefabricated part containing the environment-friendly composite material and a preparation method of the ocean engineering prefabricated part. The environment-friendly composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of household garbage incineration fly ash subjected to purification and surface functionalization treatment, 20-30 parts of activated mineral powder, 10-15 parts of activated sulfur fixation ash, 5-10 parts of a composite exciting agent, 1-5 parts of a foaming agent, 1-5 parts of a foaming agent and 1-5 parts of a water reducing agent. 2-5 parts by weight of a modifier and 10-20 parts by weight of recycled aggregate subjected to surface functionalization treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, in particular to an environmentally-friendly composite material prepared from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, a marine engineering prefabricated part containing the same and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Municipal solid waste incineration (including power generation) is the main development trend of municipal solid waste treatment. A large amount of fly ash is inevitably produced in the process of municipal solid waste incineration treatment. The fly ash contains dioxins and heavy metals and is a dangerous solid waste. If it is discharged into the environment, it will cause serious pollution to the ecological environment. At present, the main methods for treating fly ash include safe landfill and cement solidification. The former occupies a large amount of land and still has environmental risk factors; the latter is unstable due to the presence of a large amount of soluble salt, and it is difficult to effectively utilize, and its storage also has environmental safety risks. The existing treatment methods are basically harmless treatment. Fly ash contains a large amount of useful substances and is a valuable resource. Developing fly ash resource utilization methods has great value and is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in China and even the world.

[0003] Marine engineering prefabricated parts are prefabricated components designed and manufactured specifically for marine engineering, with specific shapes, functions and properties that can meet the special requirements of marine environments. These prefabricated parts are usually prefabricated in factories and then transported to offshore construction sites for assembly and installation to improve construction efficiency, reduce construction difficulty and cost.

[0004] Therefore, a material for preparing marine engineering prefabricated parts using municipal solid waste incineration fly ash as raw material can be designed. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an environmentally-friendly composite material prepared from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, a marine engineering prefabricated part containing the same and a preparation method thereof, to solve the problems in the related art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an environmentally-friendly composite material prepared from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is provided, which contains the following components by weight:

[0008] 35-45 parts by weight of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash treated by purification and surface functionalization, 20-30 parts by weight of activated mineral powder, 10-15 parts by weight of activated FBC ash, 5-10 parts by weight of composite activator, 2-5 parts by weight of modifier and 10-20 parts by weight of recycled aggregate treated by surface functionalization.

[0009] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the environment-friendly composite material further comprises 1-10 parts by weight of an interface reinforcing material.

[0010] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the environment-friendly composite material comprises the following components by weight:

[0011] 40-45 parts by weight of the purified and surface-functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash, 20-25 parts by weight of the activated mineral powder, 10-15 parts by weight of the activated FBC ash, 5-8 parts by weight of the composite activator, 2-5 parts by weight of the modifier, 2-6 parts by weight of the interface reinforcing material, and 10-15 parts by weight of the surface-functionalized recycled aggregate.

[0012] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the purified and surface-functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash is prepared by the following steps:

[0013] Step 1-1: soaking the household garbage incineration fly ash in an organic solution to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the household garbage incineration fly ash;

[0014] Step 1-2: pyrolyzing the product obtained in step 1-1 to remove the remaining organic pollutants to obtain the purified household garbage incineration fly ash;

[0015] Step 1-3: adding the purified household garbage incineration fly ash into water, then adding polyvinyl alcohol, stirring and standing, and then filtering and drying to obtain the purified and surface-functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash.

[0016] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, preferably, in step 1-1, the organic solution comprises a solvent and a solute; the solvent is selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or n-butanol; preferably n-butanol; and the solute is selected from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and its derivatives, citric acid, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid or oxalic acid; preferably oxalic acid.

[0017] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, specifically, the pyrolysis comprises the following steps: heating from room temperature to 500℃ at 5℃ / min in a nitrogen environment, keeping for 1.5h; then heating from room temperature to 800℃ at 10℃ / min, keeping for 0.5h, and then naturally cooling to room temperature.

[0018] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, specifically, the pyrolysis can be carried out in a tube furnace, a rotary kiln or a fluidized bed.

[0019] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the activated mineral powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0020] Step 2-1: providing a mineral powder; adding the mineral powder after being sieved through an 80-100 mesh sieve into water, adding polyvinyl alcohol, stirring and then standing, and then filtering and drying to obtain the activated mineral powder.

[0021] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the activated solidified fly ash is prepared by the following steps:

[0022] Step 3-1: providing solidified fly ash; grinding the solidified fly ash together with polyvinyl alcohol and an ethanol solution to obtain the activated solidified fly ash.

[0023] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the ethanol solution is a 95% ethanol solution; preferably, the mass ratio of the solidified fly ash, the polyvinyl alcohol and the 95% ethanol solution is selected from (1.5-2.5):(0.5-1.5):(2-5); specifically, the mass ratio of the solidified fly ash, the polyvinyl alcohol and the 95% ethanol solution is 2:1:4.

[0024] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the composite activator comprises phosphogypsum or desulfurization gypsum, and the composite activator further comprises sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate.

[0025] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, preferably, the total mass of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate is 10%-25% of the mass of the sieved mineral powder.

[0026] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate is selected from (1-3):(0.5-2):(2-5); specifically, the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate is 2:1:3.

[0027] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, specifically, the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum, the sodium hydroxide, the sodium sulfate and the sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3.

[0028] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the interface reinforcing material is selected from polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber or polyimide fiber. Specifically, the interface reinforcing material is polypropylene fiber.

[0029] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the modifier is selected from a titanate coupling agent, an aluminate coupling agent or an organic chromium complex coupling agent. Preferably, the modifier is selected from tetrabutyl titanate.

[0030] In an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the surface functionalized recycled aggregate is prepared by the following steps:

[0031] Step 4-1: adding an acrylic acid salt, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate and a silane coupling agent into water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution;

[0032] Step 4-2: providing recycled aggregate, soaking the recycled aggregate in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 2-5h; then taking out, standing for 1-2h; then drying to obtain the surface functionalization treated recycled aggregate.

[0033] In one aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the silane coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH792 or KH560; preferably, the silane coupling agent is selected from KH560.

[0034] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a marine engineering prefabricated part comprising the aforementioned environmentally friendly composite material.

[0035] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for preparing the aforementioned marine engineering prefabricated part, comprising: uniformly mixing the environmentally friendly composite material with metakaolin and river sand, then adding calcium dihydrogen phosphate, water and water reducing agent, stirring and then adding to a mold, standing for 20-30h, then demolding and curing for 7-14 days; obtaining the marine engineering prefabricated part.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effect that an environmentally friendly composite material for marine engineering prefabricated parts is prepared, which has good corrosion resistance and structural rigidity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0038] For the purposes of this application, the technical solutions and advantages of the present application will be more clearly described below, and the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The embodiments described herein are illustrative in nature and serve to provide a basic understanding of the present application. The embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as limiting the present application.

[0039] For the sake of brevity, only some numerical ranges are specifically disclosed herein. However, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited; and any lower limit can be combined with any other lower limit to form a range not explicitly recited, likewise any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited. Further, each individual disclosed point or single numerical value can itself be combined as a lower limit or upper limit with any other point or single numerical value or with other lower limits or upper limits to form a range not explicitly recited.

[0040] In this document, the terms“include,”“includes” or“including” are used interchangeably and mean without limitation. Therefore, use of these terms indicates that the product, process, method, or apparatus includes the listed item or items but not excluding the presence of one or more other items in addition to the listed item or items.

[0041] In the description herein, the terms“above,”“below” include the number“zero” unless otherwise indicated.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the disclosure, including technical or scientific terms, have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the disclosure pertains. Unless otherwise stated, the numerical values of various parameters set forth in the disclosure can be measured using any of the various methodologies commonly used in the art (e.g., can be tested according to the methods given in the examples of the disclosure).

[0043] The term“about” is used to describe and account for small variations. When used in connection with an event or circumstance, the term can refer to instances in which the event or circumstance occurs exactly, as well as instances in which the event or circumstance occurs with a minor approximation. For example, when used in connection with a numerical value, the term can refer to a range of variation that is less than or equal to ±10% of the numerical value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%. Additionally, quantities, ratios, and other numerical values are sometimes presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used for convenience and brevity and should be understood as having been presented, for example, with the understanding that an individual value within the range is encompassed by the disclosure, unless explicitly stated otherwise. For example, if the disclosure indicates that a dosage is between 1 and 10 mg, it is intended that dosages of 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg, 5 mg, 6 mg, 7 mg, 8 mg, 9 mg, and 10 mg are

[0044] The use of the terms“at least one,”“one or more,” or“at least one of’ with reference to a list of items should be understood to mean that any single item in the list can be present alone, or that any two or more items from the list can be present, in any combination. For example, if a system is described as including“at least one of” A, B, and C, then the system can include A alone; B alone; C alone; two of A, B, and C; all three of A, B, and C; or any combination thereof. The use of the term“at least one of” in relation to, for example, a list of items should be understood to mean that at least one of the items in the list is present, but not excluding the possibility that more than one of the items in the list is present. For example, if a system is described as including“at least one of” A, B, and C, then the system can include A alone; B alone; C alone; two of A, B, and C; all three of A, B, and C; or any combination thereof. The use of the term“at least one of” in relation to, for example, a list of items should be understood to mean that at least one of the items in the list is present, but not excluding the possibility that more than one of the items in the list is present. For example, if a system is described as including“at least one of” A, B, and C, then the system can include A alone; B alone; C alone; two of A, B, and C; all three of A, B, and C; or any combination thereof.

[0045] The present disclosure is further described below with reference to examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present disclosure and not to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0046] In the present disclosure, the "drying" step refers to drying in an oven at 60℃ until the weight does not change.

[0047] Examples and comparative examples:

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0050] The municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is soaked in a n-butanol solution in which oxalic acid is dissolved to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; wherein the amount of n-butanol solution needs to cover the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and the solubility of oxalic acid in the n-butanol solution is about 5%; then the product is filtered and dried, and then two-step pyrolysis is performed to remove the remaining organic pollutants, specifically: first, the product is crushed to make the particle size less than 1mm to increase the specific surface area and improve the pyrolysis efficiency; then it is placed in a rotary kiln, heated from room temperature to 500℃ at 5℃ / min in a nitrogen environment, and kept for 1.5h; then heated from room temperature to 800℃ at 10℃ / min, kept for 0.5h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the purified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; then the purified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is added to 8 times the mass of water, and then an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred for 2h, and then left to stand for 8h, then filtered and dried to obtain the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash treated by purification and surface functionalization.

[0051] Provide mineral powder; after the mineral powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve, it is added to 10 times the mass of water, and an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred, left to stand, then filtered and dried to obtain the activated mineral powder.

[0052] Provide a desulfurized ash; the desulfurized ash is ground together with polyvinyl alcohol and an ethanol solution to obtain an activated desulfurized ash. The ethanol solution is a 95% ethanol solution, and the mass ratio of the desulfurized ash, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethanol solution is selected from 2:1:4; the ball-to-material ratio of the desulfurized ash and the grinding balls is 1:3; the grinding balls are 15mm zirconium oxide grinding balls.

[0053] Sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH550 are added to water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; provide recycled aggregate, soak the recycled aggregate in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 4h; then take it out and let it stand for 1.5h; then dry to obtain the recycled aggregate treated by surface functionalization; wherein the mass ratio of sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH550 is 1:0.2:0.35:4.

[0054] 45 parts by weight of the purified and surface functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash, 20 parts by weight of the activated mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of the activated FBC ash, 5 parts by weight of the composite activator (a combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of the modifier tetrabutyl titanate, 4 parts by weight of the interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber and 15 parts by weight of the surface functionalized recycled aggregate are uniformly mixed to obtain the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 1; then the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 1 is uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water and 5 parts by weight of water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) are added, then after stirring, it is added to the mold, and after standing for 24 h, it is demolded and cured for 14 days; the marine engineering prefabricated part of Example 1 is obtained.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] Example 2 includes the following steps:

[0057] The household garbage incineration fly ash is soaked in a n-butanol solution in which oxalic acid is dissolved to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the household garbage incineration fly ash; wherein the amount of n-butanol solution needs to cover the household garbage incineration fly ash, and the solubility of oxalic acid in the n-butanol solution is about 5%; then the product is filtered and dried, and then two-step pyrolysis is performed to remove the remaining organic pollutants, specifically: first, the product is crushed to make the particle size less than 1 mm to increase the specific surface area and improve the pyrolysis efficiency; then it is placed in a rotary kiln and heated from room temperature to 500℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min in a nitrogen environment, and kept for 1.5 h; then heated from room temperature to 800℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, and kept for 0.5 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the purified household garbage incineration fly ash; then the purified household garbage incineration fly ash is added to 8 times the mass of water, and then an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred for 2 h, and then left to stand for 8 h, then filtered and dried to obtain the purified and surface functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash.

[0058] The mineral powder is provided; the mineral powder is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve and then added to 10 times the mass of water, an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred and then left to stand, and then filtered and dried to obtain the activated mineral powder.

[0059] The sulfur-fixing ash is provided; the sulfur-fixing ash is ground with polyvinyl alcohol and an ethanol solution to obtain activated sulfur-fixing ash. The ethanol solution is a 95% ethanol solution, and the mass ratio of the sulfur-fixing ash, the polyvinyl alcohol, and the ethanol solution is selected from 2:1:4; the ball-to-material ratio of the sulfur-fixing ash and the grinding balls is 1:3; and the grinding balls are 15 mm zirconium oxide grinding balls.

[0060] Sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH792 are added to water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; recycled aggregates are provided and soaked in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 4 h; then taken out and left to stand for 1.5 h; and then dried to obtain surface functionalized recycled aggregates; wherein the mass ratio of sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH792 is 1:0.2:0.35:4.

[0061] 45 parts by weight of the purified and surface functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash, 20 parts by weight of the activated mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of the activated sulfur-fixing ash, 5 parts by weight of the composite activator (a combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of the modifier titanium tetrabutoxide, 4 parts by weight of the interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber, and 15 parts by weight of the surface functionalized recycled aggregates are uniformly mixed to obtain the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 2; then the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 2 is uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, and then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water, and 5 parts by weight of a water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) are added, and then stirred and added to a mold, left to stand for 24 h, and then demolded and cured for 14 days to obtain the marine engineering prefabricated part of Example 2.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] Example 3 has the same steps as Example 1, except that Example 3 uses an equal amount of KH560 instead of KH550 used in Example 1.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] Example 4 includes the following steps:

[0066] The municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is soaked in a n-butanol solution in which oxalic acid is dissolved, so as to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; wherein the amount of the n-butanol solution needs to cover the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and the solubility of the oxalic acid in the n-butanol solution is about 5%; then the product is filtered and dried, and then is subjected to two-step pyrolysis to remove the remaining organic pollutants; specifically, the product is first subjected to crushing treatment so as to make the particle size less than 1 mm, so as to increase the specific surface area and improve the pyrolysis efficiency; then the product is placed in a rotary kiln, and is heated from room temperature to 500 DEG C at a rate of 5 DEG C / min in a nitrogen environment, and is kept at 500 DEG C for 1.5 h; then the product is heated from room temperature to 800 DEG C at a rate of 10 DEG C / min, and is kept at 800 DEG C for 0.5 h, and then is naturally cooled to room temperature, so as to obtain the purified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash; then the purified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is added into water with a mass of 8 times that of the fly ash, and then an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, and after stirring for 2 h, the mixture is left to stand for 8 h, and then is filtered and dried, so as to obtain the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash which is subjected to purification and surface functionalization treatment.

[0067] The mineral powder is provided; the mineral powder is sieved through a 80-mesh sieve, and then is added into water with a mass of 10 times that of the mineral powder, and an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, and after stirring, the mixture is left to stand, and then is filtered and dried, so as to obtain the activated mineral powder.

[0068] The desulfurized ash is provided; the desulfurized ash is ground together with polyvinyl alcohol and an ethanol solution, so as to obtain the activated desulfurized ash. The ethanol solution is a 95% ethanol solution, and the mass ratio of the desulfurized ash, the polyvinyl alcohol and the ethanol solution is selected from 2:1:4; the ball-to-material ratio of the desulfurized ash and grinding balls is 1:3; and the grinding balls are 15-mm zirconium oxide grinding balls.

[0069] Sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate and silane coupling agent KH550 are added into water, so as to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; the recycled aggregate is provided; the recycled aggregate is soaked in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 4 h; then the recycled aggregate is taken out and left to stand for 1.5 h; and then the recycled aggregate is dried, so as to obtain the recycled aggregate which is subjected to surface functionalization treatment; wherein the mass ratio of the sodium acrylate, the triethanolamine, the calcium lignosulfonate and the silane coupling agent KH550 is 1:0.2:0.35:4.

[0070] The 35 parts by weight of the purified and surface functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash, 30 parts by weight of the activated mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of the activated solid sulfur ash, 5 parts by weight of the composite activator (a combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of the modifier tetrabutyl titanate, 4 parts by weight of the interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber and 15 parts by weight of the surface functionalized recycled aggregate are uniformly mixed to obtain the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 4; then the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 4 is uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water and 5 parts by weight of water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) are added, then after stirring, it is added to the mold, and after standing for 24h, it is demolded and cured for 14 days; the marine engineering prefabricated part of Example 4 is obtained.

[0071] Example 5:

[0072] Example 5 includes the following steps:

[0073] The household garbage incineration fly ash is soaked in a n-butanol solution in which oxalic acid is dissolved to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the household garbage incineration fly ash; wherein the amount of n-butanol solution needs to cover the household garbage incineration fly ash, and the solubility of oxalic acid in the n-butanol solution is about 5%; then the product is filtered and dried, and then two-step pyrolysis is performed to remove the remaining organic pollutants, specifically: first, the product is crushed to make the particle size less than 1mm to increase the specific surface area and improve the pyrolysis efficiency; then it is placed in a rotary kiln, heated from room temperature to 500℃ at 5℃ / min in a nitrogen environment, and kept for 1.5h; then heated from room temperature to 800℃ at 10℃ / min, kept for 0.5h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the purified household garbage incineration fly ash; then the purified household garbage incineration fly ash is added to 8 times the mass of water, and then an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred for 2h, and then left to stand for 8h, then filtered and dried to obtain the purified and surface functionalized household garbage incineration fly ash.

[0074] The mineral powder is provided; the mineral powder is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve and then added to 10 times the mass of water, and an equal amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred and then left to stand, then filtered and dried to obtain the activated mineral powder.

[0075] The solid sulfur ash is provided; the solid sulfur ash is ground together with polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol solution to obtain the activated solid sulfur ash. The ethanol solution is 95% ethanol solution, and the mass ratio of solid sulfur ash, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol solution is selected from 2:1:4; the ball-to-material ratio of solid sulfur ash and grinding balls is 1:3; the grinding balls are 15mm zirconium oxide grinding balls.

[0076] Sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate and silane coupling agent KH550 are added into water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; a recycled aggregate is provided, and the recycled aggregate is soaked in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 4 h; then it is taken out and left to stand for 1.5 h; then it is dried to obtain a surface functionalized recycled aggregate; wherein the mass ratio of sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate and silane coupling agent KH550 is 1:0.2:0.35:4.

[0077] 40 parts by weight of the purified and surface functionalized household waste incineration fly ash, 25 parts by weight of the activated mineral powder, 10 parts by weight of the activated FBC ash, 5 parts by weight of the composite activator (a combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate being 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of the modifier tetrabutyl titanate, 4 parts by weight of the interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber and 15 parts by weight of the surface functionalized recycled aggregate are uniformly mixed to obtain the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 5; then the environmentally friendly composite material of Example 5 is uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water and 5 parts by weight of water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) are added, then stirred and added to a mold, left to stand for 24 h, then demolded and cured for 14 days; the marine engineering prefabricated part of Example 5 is obtained.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] Comparative Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0080] The household waste incineration fly ash is soaked in an oxalic acid dissolved n-butanol solution to remove heavy metals and part of organic pollutants in the household waste incineration fly ash; wherein the amount of the n-butanol solution needs to cover the household waste incineration fly ash, and the solubility of oxalic acid in the n-butanol solution is about 5%; then the product is filtered and dried, and then two-step pyrolysis is performed to remove the remaining organic pollutants, specifically: first, the product is crushed to make the particle size less than 1 mm to increase the specific surface area and improve the pyrolysis efficiency; then it is placed in a rotary kiln, heated from room temperature to 500℃ at 5℃ / min in a nitrogen environment, and kept for 1.5 h; then it is heated from room temperature to 800℃ at 10℃ / min, kept for 0.5 h, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the purified household waste incineration fly ash; then the purified household waste incineration fly ash is added into 8 times the mass of water, and then an equal mass of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred for 2 h, left to stand for 8 h, and then filtered and dried to obtain the purified and surface functionalized household waste incineration fly ash.

[0081] Providing a mineral powder; the mineral powder is added to 10 times the mass of water after being passed through an 80-mesh sieve, and an equal mass of polyvinyl alcohol is added, stirred, and then allowed to stand, and then filtered and dried to obtain an activated mineral powder.

[0082] Providing a solid sulfur ash; the solid sulfur ash is ground with polyvinyl alcohol and an ethanol solution to obtain an activated solid sulfur ash. The ethanol solution is a 95% ethanol solution, and the mass ratio of the solid sulfur ash, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethanol solution is selected from 2:1:4; the ball-to-material ratio of the solid sulfur ash and the grinding balls is 1:3; the grinding balls are 15mm zirconium oxide grinding balls.

[0083] 45 parts by weight of household garbage incineration fly ash treated by purification and surface functionalization, 20 parts by weight of activated mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of activated solid sulfur ash, 5 parts by weight of composite activator (combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and sodium silicate, mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of modifier titanium tetrabutoxide, 4 parts by weight of interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber, and 15 parts by weight of recycled aggregate are uniformly mixed to obtain the environmental protection composite material of Comparative Example 1; then the environmental protection composite material of Comparative Example 1 is uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water, and 5 parts by weight of water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) are added, then stirred and added to a mold, allowed to stand for 24h, then demolded and cured for 14 days; the marine engineering prefabricated part of Comparative Example 1 is obtained.

[0084] Comparative Example 2:

[0085] Comparative Example 2 includes the following steps:

[0086] Sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH550 are added to water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; providing recycled aggregate, soaking the recycled aggregate in the surface functionalization treatment solution for 4h; then taking it out and allowing it to stand for 1.5h; then drying to obtain surface functionalized recycled aggregate; wherein the mass ratio of sodium acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignosulfonate, and silane coupling agent KH550 is 1:0.2:0.35:4.

[0087] 45 parts by weight of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, 20 parts by weight of mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of sulfur-fixing ash, 5 parts by weight of composite activator (a combination of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate is 8:2:1:3), 3 parts by weight of modifier titanium tetrabutoxide, 4 parts by weight of interfacial reinforcing material polypropylene fiber and 15 parts by weight of surface functionalized recycled aggregate were uniformly mixed to obtain the environmental protection composite material of Comparative Example 2; then the environmental protection composite material of Comparative Example 2 was uniformly mixed with 50 parts by weight of metakaolin and 85 parts by weight of river sand, then 5 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts by weight of water and 5 parts by weight of water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent) were added, then after stirring, it was added to the mold, and after standing for 24 h, it was demolded and cured for 14 days; the marine engineering prefabricated part of Comparative Example 2 was obtained.

[0088] Corrosion resistance and mechanical strength test:

[0089] According to the test method in GB / T38140-2019, the test pieces of the examples and comparative examples were placed in a 50℃ humid heat curing box containing a 50℃±1℃ water container. After 7 days of curing from the time the test body was placed in the container, the test pieces were wiped dry of surface moisture, then the test body was placed in a 40℃ drying oven for 24 h. Immediately after drying, the test pieces were placed in the test piece rack in the vacuum salt-saturation equipment, and the vacuum pump was started. The test pieces were pumped for 4 h under a negative pressure of 0.08 MPa, then the prepared simulated seawater erosion solution was added from the water inlet, and pumped for another 2 h under a negative pressure of 0.08 MPa. Thereafter, the negative pressure was kept at 0.08 MPa, and the test pieces were allowed to stand in the simulated seawater erosion solution for 18 h to achieve full saturation. The test pieces were removed from the vacuum salt-saturation equipment, completing one dry-wet cycle immersion test. The above steps were repeated 14 times within 28 days, then removed and tested for compressive strength, the results of which are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] It can be seen that the corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of the embodiments are significantly better than those of the comparative examples. This is because the household waste incineration fly ash, mineral powder and flue gas desulfurization ash modified by polyvinyl alcohol can enhance the compatibility and adhesion of the recycled aggregate modified by silane coupling agent. The wrapping effect of polyvinyl alcohol can reduce the leaching risk of harmful substances in fly ash and improve the corrosion resistance of the composite material. The modification of polyvinyl alcohol can help to improve the activity and contribution rate of mineral powder in the composite material, so that it can better participate in the hydration reaction of the matrix and generate more hydration products, thereby improving the strength and durability of the composite material. It can also reduce the agglomeration phenomenon between mineral powder particles, making them uniformly dispersed in the matrix and further optimizing the microstructure of the composite material. The modification of polyvinyl alcohol can improve the stability of flue gas desulfurization ash, prevent the secondary reaction or precipitation of sulfides and other components in the composite material, and thus improve the durability and corrosion resistance of the composite material. The modification of silane coupling agent can reduce the interface defects and microcracks of recycled aggregate, thereby enhancing the mechanical strength of the composite material. The surface of the recycled aggregate treated by silane coupling agent forms a hydrophobic protective film, which can effectively prevent the intrusion of harmful substances such as water and chloride ions, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the composite material. In addition to the above functions, polyvinyl alcohol can be combined with the surface of the material treated by silane coupling agent. The functional groups (such as amino and vinyl) at one end of the silane coupling agent react with the active groups such as hydroxyl groups on the surface of the material to form chemical bonds. The organic functional groups at the other end can interact with the hydroxyl groups in the molecular chain of polyvinyl alcohol. This interaction includes hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, which enables polyvinyl alcohol to stably bind to the surface of the material treated by silane coupling agent, thereby enhancing the bonding force between the two.

[0093] In addition, it can be seen that Example 3 treated with silane coupling agent KH560 has better performance than Examples 1-2, because silane coupling agent KH560 can react with various resins to improve the adhesion and weather resistance of the material, and can be used for surface treatment of polymer fibers. The interface reinforcing material polypropylene fiber is used in the example, so the silane coupling agent KH560 further modifies the interface reinforcing material. Therefore, Example 3 exhibits better performance.

[0094] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art with the consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptive changes of the present disclosure following the general principles of the present disclosure and including common knowledge or conventional technical means in the art not disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly composite material prepared by using fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts by weight of purified and surface functionalized domestic waste incineration fly ash, 20-30 parts by weight of activated mineral powder, 10-15 parts by weight of activated solid sulfur ash, 5-10 parts by weight of composite activator, 2-5 parts by weight of modifier and 10-20 parts by weight of recycled aggregate with surface functionalization treatment.

2. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly composite material further comprises 1-10 parts by weight of an interface reinforcement material.

3. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts by weight of purified and surface functionalized domestic waste incineration fly ash, 20-25 parts by weight of activated mineral powder, 10-15 parts by weight of activated solid sulfur ash, 5-8 parts by weight of composite activator, 2-5 parts by weight of modifier, 2-6 parts by weight of interface reinforcing material and 10-15 parts by weight of recycled aggregate with surface functionalization treatment.

4. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The purified and surface functionalized domestic waste incineration fly ash is prepared by the following steps: Step 1-1: soaking the fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste in an organic solution to remove heavy metals and some organic pollutants in the fly ash from the incineration of domestic waste; Step 1-2: thermally cracking the product obtained in step 1-1 to remove remaining organic pollutants, thereby obtaining purified domestic waste incineration fly ash; Step 1-3: adding the purified domestic waste incineration fly ash to water, then adding polyvinyl alcohol, stirring and standing, and then filtering and drying to obtain the purified and surface functionalized domestic waste incineration fly ash.

5. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The activated mineral powder is prepared by the following steps: Step 2-1: providing mineral powder; adding the mineral powder to water after passing through an 80-100 mesh sieve, adding polyvinyl alcohol, stirring and then standing, and then filtering and drying to obtain the activated mineral powder.

6. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The activated sulfur-fixing ash is prepared by the following steps: Step 3-1: providing solid sulfur ash; grinding the solid sulfur ash with polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol solution to obtain the activated solid sulfur ash.

7. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite activator comprises phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum, and further comprises sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate and sodium silicate; The interface reinforcement material is selected from polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber or polyimide fiber; The modifier is selected from titanate coupling agents, aluminate coupling agents or organic chromium complex coupling agents.

8. The environmentally friendly composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The recycled aggregate subjected to surface functionalization treatment is prepared by the following steps: Step 4-1: adding acrylate, triethanolamine, calcium lignin sulfonate and a silane coupling agent to water to obtain a surface functionalization treatment solution; Step 4-2: providing recycled aggregate, placing the recycled aggregate into the surface functionalization treatment solution and soaking it for 2-5 hours; then taking it out and letting it stand for 1-2 hours; and then drying it to obtain the recycled aggregate with surface functionalization treatment.

9. A marine engineering prefabricated component, characterized in that: The marine engineering prefabricated component comprises the environmentally friendly composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for preparing the marine engineering prefabricated component according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: uniformly mixing the environmentally friendly composite material with metakaolin and river sand, then adding calcium dihydrogen phosphate, water and a water reducer, adding the mixture into a mold after stirring, standing for 20-30 hours, then demolding and curing for 7-14 days; and obtaining the marine engineering prefabricated component.

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