Flash furnace outlet smoke ventilation management method

Abstract

The invention discloses a flash furnace outlet smoke ventilation management method. The method comprises the steps that concentrate, flux and soot are metered through a bin type batching system and then fed; parameter control is carried out on the copper temperature, the slag temperature, the iron-silicon ratio in the slag and the matte grade through an automatic control system; parameters of the salinization air pipe are set and adjusted, and the total amount of salinization air in the salinization air pipe, the oxygen enrichment rate of the salinization air and the flow speed of flue gas are monitored through a flow meter and an oxygen concentration sensor which are arranged on the salinization air pipe and fed back to the controller; if the flue gas flow velocity exceeds the flue gas flow velocity parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salinization air within the range of the salinization air volume parameter and adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of the salinization air within the range of the oxygen enrichment rate parameter until the flue gas flow velocity does not exceed the range of the flue gas flow velocity parameter. Smoke dust bonding and slag adhering accumulation are reduced from the source, and negative effects on smoke circulation and boiler distribution uniformity caused by reduction of the smoke passing area of an outlet are effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas management, more particularly to a flash smelting furnace outlet flue gas management method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The flash smelting process is a widely used high-efficiency process in modern copper smelting, which involves injecting concentrate, flux, and oxygen-enriched air into a reaction tower at high speed, where they rapidly react at high temperatures to produce matte and slag, while generating a large amount of sulfur-containing flue gas. However, during the smelting process, high-temperature flue gas entrains dust particles and volatile substances, which may condense or adhere near the flash smelting furnace outlet, leading to flue dust sticking and slag hanging phenomena.

[0003] In long-term production, flue dust sticking and slag hanging at the flash smelting furnace outlet gradually accumulate, reducing the outlet flue gas passage and affecting the normal flow and uniform distribution of flue gas in the boiler. This phenomenon reduces the system's operating efficiency, increases flue gas flow resistance, and thus affects the stability of the entire smelting process. Currently, most factories use the method of adding a burner at the flash smelting furnace outlet to restore the flue gas passage by melting the sticking substances at high temperatures. However, this method has obvious defects: it consumes a large amount of energy, increases carbon emissions, and may cause incomplete combustion, leading to an increase in boiler heat load and potential safety hazards. In addition, the use of burners increases operating costs and maintenance workload, making the overall operation complex and less environmentally friendly.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a flash smelting furnace outlet flue gas management method that optimizes flue gas flow paths and controls flue dust settling behavior to reduce the accumulation of flue dust sticking and slag hanging from the source. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a flash smelting furnace outlet flue gas management method, comprising the steps of:

[0006] The concentrate, flux, and ash are metered and fed by the bin-type batching system, including the steps of: the belt scale of the bin-type batching system batching according to the composition of the mixed material; the concentrate loss-on-ignition scale and ash loss-on-ignition scale delivering concentrate and ash to the concentrate nozzle; distributing the concentrate, flux, and ash in an umbrella shape into the reaction tower through the distribution air and process air of the concentrate nozzle, the distribution air being 1000 m 3 / h-1800 m 3 / s, and the process air speed being 65 m / s-85 m / s;

[0007] The parameters of copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in slag and matte grade are controlled by an automatic control system; the parameter control includes: through the temperature sensor arranged in the smelting furnace, the temperature distribution of copper liquid and slag liquid is monitored, the temperature distribution data is transmitted to the controller through the data feedback module, if the copper temperature exceeds the copper temperature parameter or the slag temperature exceeds the slag temperature parameter, the controller adjusts the oxygen blowing amount and oxygen concentration until the copper temperature does not exceed the copper temperature parameter and the slag temperature does not exceed the slag temperature parameter; the sulfur dioxide concentration and oxygen concentration in the flue gas are detected by the gas analysis device, and the controller adjusts the oxygen blowing amount according to the detection result until the matte grade does not exceed the matte grade parameter;

[0008] The parameters of the salting air pipe are set and adjusted, including: through computational fluid dynamics simulation, according to the real-time monitored flue gas flow rate, the flow rate of the inclined insertion type salting air pipe in the area where the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter is adjusted until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the flue gas flow rate parameter range; the total amount of salting air, the oxygen enrichment rate of salting air and the flue gas flow rate in the salting air pipe are monitored by the flow meter and the oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the vault salting air pipe and fed back to the controller; if the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salting air within the salting air amount parameter range and the controller adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of salting air within the oxygen enrichment rate parameter range until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the flue gas flow rate parameter range; the salting air pipe includes an inclined insertion type salting air pipe, a vault salting air pipe and a flue salting air pipe, at least two inclined insertion type salting air pipes are arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank close to the reaction tower, and the extension direction of the inclined insertion type salting air pipe has an included angle of 15°-90° with the left and right directions; along the front and back directions, the distance between adjacent inclined insertion type salting air pipes is equal; at least two vault salting air pipes are equidistantly arranged along the extension direction of the vault of the sedimentation tank; the flue salting air pipe is arranged at the middle of the slope of the ascending flue, and the flue salting air pipe is perpendicular to the ascending flue.

[0009] Optionally, the mixture is a mixture of concentrate, flue dust and solvent, wherein the mass fraction of copper element is 20%-23%, the ratio of sulfur element to copper element is 1.15-1.24, the mass fraction of iron element is 23%-24%, the iron-silicon ratio is 0.65-0.7, the mass fraction of arsenic is less than 0.4%, and the total content of lead and zinc is less than 1.5%.

[0010] Optionally, the copper temperature parameter is 1230℃-1270℃; the slag temperature parameter is 1250℃-1300℃; the matte grade parameter is 50%-65%; the iron-silicon ratio in slag is 1.1-1.4.

[0011] Optionally, the salting air amount parameter is 0m 3 / h-4500m 3 / h; the oxygen enrichment rate parameter is 21%-100%; the flue gas flow rate parameter is 1.8-2.5m / s.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the flash furnace outlet smoke management method provided by the application at least achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The flash furnace outlet smoke management method provided by the application comprises the following steps: feeding the concentrate, flux and fly ash after metering by a warehouse type batching system; controlling the copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in the slag and matte grade by an automatic control system; setting and adjusting the parameters of the saltizing air pipe, monitoring the total amount of saltizing air, oxygen enrichment rate of the saltizing air and smoke flow rate in the saltizing air pipe by the flow meter and oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the saltizing air pipe, and feeding back to the controller; if the smoke flow rate exceeds the smoke flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of saltizing air within the saltizing air amount parameter range and the controller adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of the saltizing air within the oxygen enrichment rate parameter range until the smoke flow rate does not exceed the smoke flow rate parameter range, the smoke flow path is optimized and the smoke dust settlement behavior is controlled, the accumulation of smoke dust sticking and slag hanging is reduced from the source, the negative effects of the reduction of the outlet smoke area on the smoke circulation and the uniformity of the boiler distribution are effectively avoided; the method does not need to additionally increase the burner device and does not need high energy consumption operation, significantly reduces the energy consumption and carbon emission, is green and environmentally friendly, avoids the potential safety hazards such as the increase of the boiler heat load caused by incomplete combustion, and effectively guarantees the smoothness of the smoke flow and the uniform distribution in the boiler, significantly improves the operation efficiency and the stability of the smelting process.

[0014] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present application to simultaneously achieve all the technical effects mentioned above.

[0015] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0017] Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the flash furnace outlet smoke management method provided by the application;

[0018] Fig. 2 is a top view of the flash furnace of the present application;

[0019] Fig. 3 is a side view of the uptake of the present application;

[0020] 1-reaction tower, 2-settling pond, 3-uptake, 4-inclined insertion of saltizing air pipe, 5-dome saltizing air pipe, 6-flue saltizing air pipe, left-right direction-x, front-rear direction-y. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and numerical values of components and steps set forth in these embodiments are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0022] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the application its application or uses.

[0023] Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered as being part of the specification.

[0024] In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0025] Note that like reference numerals and letters in the various drawings herein represent similar items unless otherwise specifically stated, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0026] Referring to Figs. 1-3 , the present application provides a flash furnace outlet flue gas management method, comprising the steps of:

[0027] S1: feeding by metering concentrate, flux and ash through a bin-type batching system, including the steps of: batching by the belt scale of the bin-type batching system according to the composition of the mixed materials; feeding concentrate and ash to the concentrate nozzle by the concentrate loss-in-weight scale and the ash loss-in-weight scale; distributing the concentrate, flux and ash into the reaction tower in an umbrella shape by the distribution air and process air of the concentrate nozzle, the distribution air being 1000 m 3 / h-1800 m 3 / s, and the process air speed being 65 m / s-85 m / s;

[0028] S2: parameter control of copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in slag and matte grade by an automatic control system; the parameter control including: monitoring the temperature distribution of the copper liquid and slag liquid by the temperature sensor arranged in the smelting furnace, transmitting the temperature distribution data to the controller through the data feedback module, adjusting the oxygen blowing amount and oxygen concentration by the controller until the copper temperature does not exceed the copper temperature parameter and the slag temperature does not exceed the slag temperature parameter if the copper temperature exceeds the copper temperature parameter or the slag temperature exceeds the slag temperature parameter; detecting the sulfur dioxide concentration and oxygen concentration in the flue gas by the gas analysis device, adjusting the oxygen blowing amount by the controller according to the detection results until the matte grade does not exceed the matte grade parameter;

[0029] S3: Setting and adjusting the salting air duct parameters, including: simulating through computational fluid dynamics simulation, adjusting the flow rate of the obliquely inserted salting air duct 4 in the area where the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter according to the real-time monitored flue gas flow rate, until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the range of the flue gas flow rate parameter; monitoring the total amount of salting air in the salting air duct, the oxygen enrichment rate of the salting air and the flue gas flow rate by means of a flow meter and an oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the vault salting air duct 5, and feeding back to the controller; if the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salting air within the range of the salting air volume parameter and the controller adjusts the total amount of salting air within the range of the oxygen enrichment rate parameter. The oxygen enrichment rate of the salted air is adjusted within the range until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the range of the flue gas flow rate parameters; the salted air duct includes an oblique salted air duct, a vault salted air duct and a flue salted air duct, at least two oblique salted air ducts are arranged on the side of the sedimentation tank close to the reaction tower, and the extension direction of the oblique salted air duct has an angle of 15°-90° with the left and right direction; along the front and back directions, the distances between adjacent oblique salted air ducts are equal; at least two vault salted air ducts are equidistantly arranged along the extension direction of the vault of the sedimentation tank; the flue salted air duct is arranged at the middle of the slope of the ascending flue, and the flue salted air duct is perpendicular to the ascending flue.

[0030] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for managing smoke ventilation at a flash furnace outlet, comprising the steps of:

[0031] S1: The concentrate, flux and fly ash are metered and fed through the silo-type batching system;

[0032] The concentrate, flux and fly ash are metered and fed through the silo-type batching system, including the following steps: the belt scale of the silo-type batching system batches the materials according to the composition of the mixed materials; the concentrate loss-in-weight scale and the fly ash loss-in-weight scale convey the concentrate and fly ash to the concentrate nozzle; the concentrate, flux and fly ash are distributed into the reaction tower 1 in an umbrella shape through the distribution air and process air of the concentrate nozzle, and the distribution air is 1000m 3 / h-1800m 3 / h, and the process wind speed is 65m / s-85m / s.

[0033] It should be noted that in S1, the belt scale of the bin type batching system accurately delivers the material to the concentrate nozzle under the stable operation of the concentrate and ash loss scale according to the scientific batching of concentrate and flux components, and the distribution of air and process air velocity through the concentrate nozzle is cooperatively controlled to distribute the concentrate, flux and ash in an umbrella shape into the reaction tower 1. The concentrate nozzle adopts an optimized jet flow channel design, so that the high-pressure gas fully carries and disperses the concentrate, flux and ash in the nozzle, and the fluid dynamic action at the jet outlet promotes the umbrella-shaped diffusion of the material. The outlet angle of the nozzle and the gas flow rate can be accurately adjusted as needed to achieve uniform distribution of the material in the reaction tower 1. The formation of the umbrella-shaped distribution can effectively increase the contact area between the material and oxygen, so that the concentrate, flux and ash are fully mixed with oxygen in the reaction tower 1, thereby accelerating the oxidation reaction and smelting process and improving the reaction efficiency. Secondly, the umbrella-shaped distribution can avoid the problem of local high temperature caused by concentrated injection of material, ensure uniform temperature field distribution in the reaction tower 1, reduce thermal shock and loss to the equipment, thereby prolonging the service life of the equipment. In addition, uniform material distribution can also prevent material accumulation or poor flow, optimize airflow organization in the reaction tower 1, further improve the utilization efficiency of the smoke area, and maintain the stability and continuity of the process. Through accurate control of the concentrate nozzle, not only the goal of uniform material distribution is achieved, but also the flexibility and adaptability of the process are enhanced. The nozzle angle and flow rate can be adjusted according to different production conditions to ensure the efficiency and stability of the reaction in the reaction tower 1, while reducing resource waste and energy consumption, further improving overall production efficiency and economic benefits, and the umbrella-shaped distribution technology plays a key role in the flash smelting process, providing a solid guarantee for improving product quality and equipment operation reliability.

[0034] It should be noted that the bin type batching system adopts a multi-metering device cooperative control mode, including: a four-pressure head metering belt for dynamic weighing and metering of coarse particle concentrate or flux and the like, which monitors the belt load in real time through four groups of pressure head sensors; two of the loss weighing scales are used for concentrate + flux mixed material, and one is used for ash, which calculates the material flow rate through the mass loss rate, which is suitable for trace additives or easily dusted materials; and a screw feeder, which is an actuator of the loss scale, conveying the metered material to the downstream equipment.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the mixed material is a mixture of concentrate, ash and solvent, wherein the mass fraction of copper element is 20%-23%, the ratio of sulfur element to copper element is 1.15-1.24, the mass fraction of iron element is 23%-24%, the iron-silicon ratio is 0.65-0.7, the mass fraction of arsenic is less than 0.4%, and the total content of lead and zinc is less than 1.5%.

[0036] S1 stabilizes the furnace condition, including reasonable front-end batching, accurate feeding into the furnace, good dispersion into the furnace and sufficient mixing with oxygen.

[0037] The reasonable allocation is achieved by using the intelligent allocation system to match the current concentrate in the plant according to the analysis data of each kind of ore in the early stage, the structure of raw materials in the whole year and the production target, and by using the belt scale of the allocation system to realize the accurate allocation. The on-line material composition analyzer arranged at the front end of the concentrate nozzle can detect the composition and content of the material fed into the furnace, and the deviation value of the detection result from the plan is fed back to the allocation system, and the allocation system automatically corrects the proportion of the use of several kinds of materials to meet the matching of the concentrate composition with the corresponding air, oil and oxygen. The accurate feeding into the furnace is achieved by the feeding system of the loss-in-weight scale + feeding screw which respectively transports the mixed ore stored in the dry ore bin and the flue dust in the flue dust bin to the concentrate nozzle. The good dispersion into the furnace and the sufficient mixing with oxygen are achieved by the coordinated action of the distribution air and the process air velocity to send the material into the furnace. The coordinated control of the distribution air and the process air velocity automatically adjusts the matching value of the distribution air and the process air velocity according to the actual temperature value and the set value through the temperature detection system of the reaction tower 1 cylinder to realize the maximum umbrella shape of the material in the reaction tower 1 without damaging the tower structure, so as to achieve the purpose of the sufficient contact of the material with oxygen.

[0038] S1: The stable furnace condition is achieved by scientifically allocating the concentrate and flux through the belt scale of the allocation system, accurately transporting the material to the concentrate nozzle under the stable work of the concentrate and flue dust loss-in-weight scale, and distributing the concentrate, flux and flue dust in the umbrella shape into the reaction tower 1 through the coordinated control of the distribution air and the process air velocity of the concentrate nozzle to ensure the stability of the furnace condition, which provides a basic premise for improving the utilization efficiency of the smoke area and the system operation stability, and provides a basic guarantee for the efficient, stable and environmentally friendly operation of the smelting process.

[0039] S2: The parameter control of the copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in the slag and matte grade is achieved through the automatic control system; the parameter control includes: monitoring the temperature distribution of the copper liquid and the slag liquid through the temperature sensor arranged in the smelting furnace, transmitting the temperature distribution data to the controller through the data feedback module, adjusting the oxygen injection amount and oxygen concentration until the copper temperature does not exceed the copper temperature parameter and the slag temperature does not exceed the slag temperature parameter when the copper temperature exceeds the copper temperature parameter or the slag temperature exceeds the slag temperature parameter; detecting the sulfur dioxide concentration and oxygen concentration in the flue gas through the gas analysis device, and adjusting the oxygen injection amount by the controller until the matte grade does not exceed the matte grade parameter according to the detection result; the principle is to accurately control the core parameters of the smelting process to realize the stable and efficient production process.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, the copper temperature parameter is 1230-1270℃; the slag temperature parameter is 1250-1300℃; the matte grade parameter is 50%-65%; and the iron-silicon ratio in the slag is 1.1-1.4.

[0041] Optionally, the copper temperature parameters are 1230℃, 1232℃, 1235℃, 1240℃, 1243℃, 1248℃, 1250℃, 1252℃, 1256℃, 1258℃, 1260℃, 1262℃, 1264℃, 1268℃ and 1270℃, and the copper temperature is controlled within the range of 1230℃-1270℃, which can ensure the melting state of the copper matte and the good fluidity of the material, can ensure that the copper liquid can be fully desulfurized and impurity-removed, and can avoid the volatilization loss of the melt and the increase of the thermal load of the equipment caused by the excessively high temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption and equipment wear while ensuring the smelting efficiency.

[0042] Optionally, the slag temperature parameters are 1250℃, 1252℃, 1255℃, 1260℃, 1263℃, 1268℃, 1270℃, 1275℃, 1276℃, 1278℃, 1280℃, 1282℃, 1294℃, 1298℃ and 1300℃, and the slag temperature is controlled within the range of 1250℃-1300℃, which is mainly to provide sufficient heat to support the fluidity and separation effect of the slag liquid. Within this temperature range, the iron-silicon ratio (Fe / SiO2) in the molten slag remains stable, which can not only ensure the sufficient separation between the copper matte and the slag liquid, but also prevent the risk of blockage caused by excessively high viscosity of the slag liquid.

[0043] Optionally, the copper matte grade can be 50%, 51%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 60%, 62% and 65%, and the copper matte grade is controlled within the range of 50%-65% in order to balance the smelting efficiency and the processing capacity of the subsequent process. A higher copper matte grade can reduce the burden of the subsequent blowing process, but an excessively high grade can increase the loss of copper in the slag, affecting the overall recovery rate. Therefore, controlling the copper matte grade within this range can not only ensure the copper recovery rate and process efficiency, but also optimize the economy of the entire smelting process.

[0044] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the stability of the smelting process and the physicochemical properties of the slag liquid, the Fe / SiO2 ratio in the slag is controlled between 1.1-1.4, which can maintain the appropriate viscosity and fluidity of the slag liquid, promote the separation of the slag liquid and the copper matte, and at the same time avoid the problems of nodulation or blockage caused by excessively high iron content in the slag.

[0045] It should be noted that the automatic control system realizes real-time regulation and control of the copper temperature, slag temperature, copper matte grade and Fe / SiO2 ratio in the slag through the following ways. The temperature regulation is realized by setting multiple temperature sensors in the smelting furnace to monitor the temperature distribution of the copper liquid and the slag liquid, and the data is transmitted to the control center through the data feedback module. When the copper temperature or slag temperature deviates from the set range, the oxygen blowing amount and concentration are automatically adjusted to restore to the target range.

[0046] Gas composition monitoring is to detect the concentration of sulfur dioxide and oxygen in flue gas in real time by gas analysis device, and dynamically adjust the oxygen amount matched with concentrate according to the detection results to ensure the matte grade to maintain in the target range.

[0047] It can be understood that through the precise control of copper temperature, slag temperature, matte grade and Fe / SiO2 ratio in step S2, the control process of copper temperature, slag temperature, matte grade and Fe / SiO2 ratio in slag is realized with high efficiency and stability through real-time regulation and feedback optimization of the automatic control system. Precise temperature regulation and gas composition adjustment ensure the efficient progress of smelting reaction, reduce unnecessary energy consumption and resource waste, and the dynamic adjustment and feedback optimization mechanism can quickly respond to process fluctuations, reduce the deviation of temperature and grade, and improve product quality and production stability. The uniformity of temperature distribution and the optimization of control range effectively reduce the risk of equipment damage due to local overheating or corrosion, prolonging the service life of the smelting furnace. The stability of matte grade reduces the burden of subsequent refining process, reduces the loss of copper in slag, and further improves the total recovery rate of copper.

[0048] It should be noted that the automatic control system is adopted in the present embodiment, in which the sensors and detection devices collect physical quantities such as temperature, flow rate and chemical quantities such as components in real time, for example, temperature sensors. The controller compares the input signal with the set value, calculates the control output, and the controller in the present embodiment is a distributed control system (DCS). The automatic control system not only relies on real-time monitoring, but also analyzes historical production data and real-time data to continuously optimize the set range of copper temperature, slag temperature, matte grade and Fe / SiO2 ratio in slag. The system analyzes historical data to predict potential fluctuation trends in production and adjusts the set parameter range in advance, thereby reducing control deviation. The system dynamically adjusts the control strategy (such as oxygen injection amount, feeding speed and flux ratio) according to real-time monitoring data to ensure that the smelting process is always in a stable state. For changes in different working conditions and incoming material composition, the feedback optimization mechanism can quickly adjust, making the system have good adaptability and improving production continuity and efficiency.

[0049] S3: setting and adjusting the parameters of the saltification air pipe, including: simulating by computational fluid dynamics, adjusting the flow rate of the inclined saltification air pipe 4 in the area where the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the flue gas flow rate parameter range according to the real-time monitoring of the flue gas flow rate; monitoring the total amount of saltification air, oxygen enrichment rate of saltification air and flue gas flow rate in the saltification air pipe by the flow meter and oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the vault saltification air pipe 5 and feeding back to the controller; if the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of saltification air within the saltification air amount parameter range and the controller adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of saltification air within the oxygen enrichment rate parameter range until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the flue gas flow rate parameter range.

[0050] The salted air pipes include inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4, vaulted salted air pipes 5 and flue salted air pipes 6, at least two inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4 are arranged on the side of the precipitation tank 2 close to the reaction tower 1 and the extension direction of the inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4 has an included angle of 15°-90° with the left-right direction x; along the front-rear direction y, the distance between adjacent inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4 is equal; at least two vaulted salted air pipes 5 are arranged equidistantly along the extension direction of the vault of the precipitation tank 2; the flue salted air pipe 6 is arranged at the middle of the slope of the rising flue 3 and is perpendicular to the rising flue;

[0051] It should be noted that the smoke flow velocity distribution and flow direction in the precipitation tank 2 are determined by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, and the numerical simulation determines the control equations including continuity equation, momentum equation and energy equation. The numerical model is established by using the physical size data of the flash furnace body, combined with the related parameters such as feeding amount, dust adding amount, process air, process oxygen, process air speed, distribution air volume, central oxygen volume, etc. After the boundary conditions are determined, the smoke flow velocity distribution and flow direction in the precipitation tank 2 of the flash furnace are simulated based on the CFD simulation software. Through CFD simulation, the smoke flow velocity distribution and flow direction characteristics in the precipitation tank 2 are analyzed in detail. It is found that the area with low flow velocity is prone to form smoke retention or poor flow. In view of this problem, 5 inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4 are arranged in the area with low flow velocity to enhance the transverse flow of the smoke and improve the overall flow velocity distribution.

[0052] The insertion angle range of the inclined insertion type salted air pipe 4 is optimized to 15°-90°, which can form the best mixing effect of salted air and smoke. Not only the transverse flow of the smoke is effectively improved, but also the problems of excessive flow or airflow turbulence in the local area are avoided. At the same time, the flow of the inclined insertion type salted air pipe 4 is dynamically adjusted by the automatic control system. By monitoring the changes of the smoke flow velocity and the smoke passing area in real time, the flow is optimally distributed at different arrangement points to ensure the uniformity of the smoke flow velocity in the precipitation tank 2. Through this design, the overall smoke passing area utilization efficiency of the precipitation tank 2 can be significantly improved, and the problems of smoke retention or dust accumulation in the local area are avoided.

[0053] It should be noted that the 5 inclined insertion type salted air pipes 4 arranged across the precipitation tank 2 on the side close to the reaction tower 1 are used to optimize the transverse flow of the smoke; the 6 vaulted salted air pipes 5 uniformly arranged on the vault of the precipitation tank 2 are integrated with flow and oxygen enrichment rate detection devices on each salted air pipe, which are used to monitor the flow and oxygen enrichment rate of the salted air in real time and dynamically adjust the parameters according to the detection results through the online feedback mechanism; the 1 flue salted air pipe 6 arranged in the middle of the slope of the rising flue 3 is used to enhance the flow velocity and flow direction regulation of the smoke in the rising flue 3.

[0054] It should be noted that 5 inclined salted air pipes 4 are arranged across the sedimentation tank 2 near the side of the reaction tower 1, the inclined design can effectively guide the lateral flow of flue gas, make the flow velocity distribution of flue gas in the sedimentation tank 2 more uniform, avoid the phenomenon of local flue gas retention or deflection, and also promote the heat exchange between flue gas and the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 2, improve the flow stability of flue gas, thereby improve the utilization efficiency of the overall flue gas area of the sedimentation tank 2, and further optimize the sedimentation effect of flue gas particulate matter.

[0055] It should be noted that 6 vault salted air pipes 5 are uniformly arranged on the vault of the sedimentation tank 2, and a flow and oxygen enrichment rate detection device is integrated on each vault salted air pipe 5. Through these devices, the flow and oxygen enrichment rate of the salted air can be monitored in real time, and the detection results are fed back to the automatic control system. Based on the online feedback mechanism, the system can dynamically adjust the flow and oxygen enrichment rate parameters of the salted air to adapt to the actual working condition requirements. This precise real-time control method not only optimizes the gas flow conditions, but also effectively reduces the probability of adhesion in the sedimentation tank 2, thereby improving the operation stability and service life of the equipment.

[0056] It should be noted that the 1 flue salted air pipe 6 in the slope middle part of the rising flue 3 mainly functions to enhance the flow velocity and flow direction control of the flue gas in the rising flue 3. By introducing salted air, this air pipe can effectively alleviate the problem of uneven flow velocity or airflow turbulence in the flue, ensuring that the flue gas can smoothly enter the next process link. This arrangement is of great significance for further improving the flue gas treatment efficiency of the entire system.

[0057] It can be understood that by reasonably arranging and accurately controlling the salted air pipes of the sedimentation tank 2, the flow characteristics and sedimentation effect of the flue gas are effectively optimized, and the operation stability and process efficiency of the entire system are significantly improved. The service life of the equipment is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

[0058] In step S3, the flow of the inclined salted air pipe 4 in the area where the flue gas flow velocity exceeds the flue gas flow velocity parameter is adjusted according to the real-time monitored flue gas flow velocity until the flue gas flow velocity does not exceed the flue gas flow velocity parameter; the total amount of salted air, the oxygen enrichment rate of salted air and the flue gas flow velocity in the vault salted air pipe 5 are monitored by the flow meter and oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the vault salted air pipe 5, and are fed back to the controller; if the flue gas flow velocity exceeds the flue gas flow velocity parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salted air within the salted air amount parameter and the controller adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of salted air within the oxygen enrichment rate parameter until the flue gas flow velocity does not exceed the flue gas flow velocity parameter.

[0059] It should be noted that according to the limited position of the smoke passing area, the flow distribution ratio of each saltification air pipe is dynamically adjusted, the flow of the saltification air pipe in the limited area is preferentially increased, and the flow of the saltification air pipe in the non-limited area is reduced, so as to optimize the smoke flow in the precipitation tank 2; the automatic control system is used to monitor the smoke flow rate, temperature and oxygen content data in real time, when the smoke passing area changes, the oxygen enrichment rate of the saltification air is dynamically adjusted to the best value in the range of 21% to 100%, so as to maintain the constant of the smoke passing area; the adjustment process is completed by the online feedback mechanism and the automatic control system, so as to ensure that the smoke flow rate in the precipitation tank 2 is distributed between 1.8 to 2.5 m / s, and the local area smoke flow rate is too high or too low. The specific implementation is that first, according to the change of the limited position of the smoke passing area, the flow distribution ratio of each saltification air pipe is dynamically adjusted, when the smoke passing area of some areas in the precipitation tank 2 is reduced due to the obstruction of smoke flow, the flow of the saltification air pipe in the area is preferentially increased, and the flow of the saltification air pipe in the non-limited area is reduced, so as to optimize the smoke flow in the precipitation tank 2, which can effectively alleviate the problem of local smoke accumulation or insufficient flow rate, make the smoke form a more uniform distribution in the precipitation tank 2, improve the utilization efficiency of the smoke passing area, and avoid the production instability caused by local blockage. Secondly, the real-time monitoring system is used to obtain key data such as smoke flow rate, temperature and oxygen content, when the smoke passing area changes, the oxygen enrichment rate of the saltification air is dynamically adjusted to the best value in the range of 21% to 100%, so as to maintain the constant of the smoke passing area, the adjustment of the oxygen enrichment rate is the key means to solve the problem of unbalanced smoke flow, for example, when the smoke flow rate of a certain area is low or the oxygen content is insufficient, increasing the oxygen enrichment rate of the saltification air can enhance the oxidation reaction rate of local smoke, and at the same time, the flow rate is increased; while in the area where the smoke flow rate is too high, appropriately reducing the oxygen enrichment rate can slow down the reaction rate and balance the flow. This dynamic regulation mechanism ensures the stability of the smoke flow in the precipitation tank 2, and provides a stable operating environment for the subsequent process.

[0060] It can be understood that the automatic control system dynamically adjusts the flow and oxygen enrichment rate of the saltification air based on real-time monitoring data through the logical algorithm set by the program, and always controls the smoke flow rate in the precipitation tank 2 to be distributed between 1.8 to 2.5 m / s, such a flow rate range can not only avoid the erosion and equipment damage caused by the too high smoke flow rate in the local area, but also prevent the smoke retention and ash accumulation problems caused by the too low flow rate, so as to ensure the efficient operation of the precipitation tank 2, realize the precise regulation of the smoke passing area, optimize the smoke flow in the precipitation tank 2, and make the whole system maintain high efficiency, stability and economy during operation. This regulation method not only improves the operation efficiency of the precipitation tank 2, but also effectively reduces the equipment maintenance difficulty, and provides reliable protection for prolonging the service life of the equipment and improving the overall efficiency of the process.

[0061] 6 The functions of the arch-shaped salted wind pipe 5 include: real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the salted wind, the oxygen enrichment rate, and the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas; through the flow meter and oxygen concentration sensor integrated on the salted wind pipe, real-time data are obtained and uploaded to the feedback control system; when it is detected that the flue gas flow rate in a certain area is lower than 1.5 m / s or higher than 3.0 m / s, the feedback control system automatically adjusts the flow rate and oxygen enrichment rate of the corresponding salted wind pipe, and preferably adjusts the flow rate to between 1.8-2.5 m / s;

[0062] It should be noted that through the optimized arrangement of the obliquely inserted salted wind pipe 4 and the intelligent monitoring and regulation of the arch-shaped salted wind pipe 5, the obliquely inserted salted wind pipe 4 effectively alleviates the problems of uneven flow rate and local retention by enhancing the lateral flow in the precipitation tank 2, realizes uniform distribution of the flue gas, the detection hole salted wind pipe integrates the real-time monitoring functions of flow rate, oxygen enrichment rate, temperature and flow rate, dynamically adjusts the flow rate and oxygen enrichment rate in combination with the feedback control system, ensures that the flue gas flow rate is always in the optimal range (1.8-2.5 m / s), dynamically adjusts the distribution ratio and oxygen enrichment rate of the salted wind, quickly responds to the change of the flue gas passage area, optimizes the flue gas flow characteristics of the precipitation tank 2, and maintains the efficient use of the flue gas passage area. By controlling the flue gas flow rate and temperature distribution, the risk of thermal erosion and wear of the equipment is reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, the settling efficiency of the flue gas particulate matter is improved, and the process is optimized.

[0063] From the above embodiments, it can be seen that the flash furnace outlet flue gas passage management method provided by the present application at least achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0064] The flash furnace outlet flue gas passage management method provided by the present application comprises the following steps: after the concentrate, flux and flue dust are metered by the warehouse type batching system, the materials are fed; the copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in the slag and matte grade are controlled by the automatic control system; the total amount of salted wind, oxygen enrichment rate of salted wind and flue gas flow rate in the salted wind pipe are monitored by the flow meter and oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the salted wind pipe, and are fed back to the controller; if the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salted wind within the salted wind amount parameter range and adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate of the salted wind within the oxygen enrichment rate parameter range until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the flue gas flow rate parameter range, the flue gas flow path is optimized and the dust settling behavior is regulated, the accumulation of dust sticking and slag sticking is reduced from the source, and the negative effects of the reduction of the outlet flue gas passage area on the flue gas flow and the uniformity of the boiler distribution are effectively avoided; the method does not need to additionally increase the burner device, nor does it need high energy consumption operation, which significantly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions, is green and environmentally friendly, avoids potential safety hazards such as increase of boiler thermal load caused by incomplete combustion, and effectively ensures the smoothness of flue gas flow and the uniform distribution in the boiler, significantly improves the operation efficiency and the stability of the smelting process.

[0065] While certain specific embodiments of the application have been described in detail herein for the purposes of exemplification and to provide a thorough and enabling disclosure, it will be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described. Any modifications of the methods and materials described herein, which come within the scope and spirit of the application, are to be considered within the scope of the application. The scope of the application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto, which are to be construed in accordance with the principles of patent law.

Claims

1. A method for managing smoke flow at a flash furnace outlet, characterized in that: Including steps: The concentrate, flux and fly ash are metered and fed through a silo-type batching system, including the following steps: the belt scale of the silo-type batching system batches the materials according to the composition of the mixed materials; the concentrate loss-in-weight scale and the fly ash loss-in-weight scale convey the concentrate and the fly ash to the concentrate nozzle; the concentrate, flux and fly ash are distributed into the reaction tower in an umbrella shape through the distribution air and process air of the concentrate nozzle, and the distribution air is 1000m 3 / h-1800m 3 / h, process wind speed is 65m / s-85m / s; The copper temperature, slag temperature, iron-silicon ratio in the slag, and matte grade are controlled by an automated control system. The parameter control includes: monitoring the temperature distribution of the molten copper and molten slag by temperature sensors provided in the smelting furnace, and transmitting the temperature distribution data to the controller through a data feedback module; if the copper temperature exceeds the copper temperature parameter, or the slag temperature exceeds the slag temperature parameter, the controller adjusts the oxygen injection rate and oxygen concentration until the copper temperature does not exceed the copper temperature parameter or the slag temperature does not exceed the slag temperature parameter; detecting the sulfur dioxide concentration and oxygen concentration in the flue gas by a gas analysis device, and adjusting the oxygen injection rate according to the detection results until the matte grade does not exceed the matte grade parameter; Setting and adjusting the parameters of the salting air duct, including: simulating by computational fluid dynamics simulation, adjusting the flow rate of the obliquely inserted salting air duct in the area where the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter according to the real-time monitored flue gas flow rate, until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the range of the flue gas flow rate parameter; monitoring the total amount of salting air, the oxygen enrichment rate of the salting air and the flue gas flow rate in the salting air duct by a flow meter and an oxygen concentration sensor arranged on the vault salting air duct, and feeding back to the controller; if the flue gas flow rate exceeds the flue gas flow rate parameter, the controller adjusts the total amount of salting air within the range of the salting air volume parameter and the controller adjusts the oxygen enrichment rate within the range of the oxygen enrichment rate parameter. The salted air oxygen enrichment rate is adjusted until the flue gas flow rate does not exceed the range of the flue gas flow rate parameters; the salted air duct includes an obliquely inserted salted air duct, a vaulted salted air duct and a flue salted air duct, at least two of the obliquely inserted salted air ducts are arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank close to the reaction tower, and the extension direction of the obliquely inserted salted air duct has an angle of 15°-90° with the left and right direction; along the front and back directions, the distances between adjacent obliquely inserted salted air ducts are equal; at least two of the vaulted salted air ducts are equidistantly arranged along the extension direction of the vault of the sedimentation tank; the flue salted air duct is arranged at the middle position of the slope of the ascending flue, and the flue salted air duct is perpendicular to the ascending flue.

2. The flash furnace outlet smoke management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed material is a mixture of the concentrate, the fly ash and a solvent, wherein the mass fraction of the copper element is 20%-23%, the ratio of the sulfur element to the copper element is 1.15-1.24, the mass fraction of the iron element is 23%-24%, the iron-silicon ratio is 0.65-0.7, the mass fraction of arsenic is less than 0.4%, and the total content of lead and zinc is less than 1.5%.

3. The flash furnace outlet smoke management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper temperature parameter is 1230° C.-1270° C.; the slag temperature parameter is 1250° C.-1300° C.; the matte grade parameter is 50%-65%; and the iron-silicon ratio in the slag is 1.1-1.

4.

4. The flash furnace outlet smoke management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salinization air volume parameter is 0m 3 / h-4500m 3 / h; the oxygen enrichment rate parameter is 21%-100%; the flue gas flow rate parameter is 1.8-2.5m / s.

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