Electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling device and assembling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling device and method, and solves the problems of low manual construction efficiency and difficult quality control of cold ramming paste filling in transformation of a small or old electrolytic cell. The device comprises a main track, a door-shaped frame, a walking trolley and a tamping machine, the main track allows the walking trolley to move, the door-shaped frame is provided with an auxiliary track for the tamping machine to move left and right, the walking trolley is provided with a self-made clamp for fixing a carbon block, and the tamping machine is provided with two tamping heads. The method comprises the steps of preparation, placement and filling, layered tamping, steel bar installation, area processing and detection and stacking, mechanical tamping is achieved, the assembly efficiency and quality are improved, the cost is reduced, the service life of the electrolytic cell is prolonged, and the method is suitable for related transformation scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum project construction, in particular to an electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the electrolytic aluminum project, the assembly of cathode carbon block and cathode steel rod is a key link of the electrolytic cell conducting system, and its quality directly affects the current efficiency and the service life of the electrolytic cell. Traditionally, phosphorus pig iron casting is often used to realize the connection of the two, but in the transformation of small or old electrolytic cells, due to equipment limitations, this technology cannot be used, and cold ramming paste filling is used instead. However, the existing cold ramming paste filling relies on manual tamping, which has the problems of slow construction speed and difficult quality control. Although some projects try to use simple tools for assistance, there is still a lack of systematic special devices and standardized assembly methods, resulting in unsatisfactory assembly efficiency and quality. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the above problems and provides an electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling device and method to solve the problems of low efficiency and difficult quality control in manual construction when cold ramming paste filling is used in the transformation of small or old electrolytic cells.

[0004] The present application solves the problem by adopting the following technical solution: An electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling device, comprising a main track, a portal frame, a walking trolley and a rammer; the main track is laid in parallel, the spacing is adapted to the center spacing of the walking trolley wheels, and the length is at least twice the length of the assembled cathode carbon block; the portal frame is fixed to the ground at the middle position of the main track, and the top is provided with a sub-track for the left and right movement of the rammer; the walking trolley can move along the main track, and a self-made clamp for fixing the cathode carbon block is welded on the flat plate of the walking trolley; the self-made clamp is composed of two symmetrically arranged U-shaped clamping plates, and the clearance size between the two U-shaped clamping plates is adapted to the size of the cathode carbon block; the rammer can move along the sub-track and is equipped with two first ramming heads and second ramming heads that can vertically reciprocate.

[0005] Further, the first ramming head comprises a ramming plate horizontally placed and a ramming rod vertically fixed to the top surface of the ramming plate.

[0006] Further, the second ramming head comprises a ramming plate vertically placed and a ramming rod vertically fixed to the top of the ramming plate.

[0007] An electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembling method, comprising the following steps: S1, preparation: check the components of the assembling device, lay the main track, fix the portal frame, debug the electrical equipment of the walking trolley and the rammer; clean the impurities in the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block; perform surface sandblasting pretreatment on the cathode steel rod; S2, placement and filling: use the crane to place the cathode carbon block above the walking trolley plate, and use the self-made fixture to limit and fix the cathode carbon block; take the cold ramming paste and put it into the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block and scrape it flat; S3, first layer tamping: adjust the position of the ramming machine, use the first ramming head to align the dovetail groove and be located directly above the front edge of the carbon block; adjust the height of the ramming machine, start the ramming machine and the walking trolley, the walking trolley moves forward with the carbon block, the ramming head reciprocates to tamp the paste, and stops at the rear edge of the carbon block, detects the flatness and thickness of the paste, and the first layer is completed if it is qualified, and the temperature of the paste and the carbon block is continuously detected during each layer tamping; S4, steel rod installation: move the trolley forward, hoist the group of cathode steel rods into the dovetail groove, adjust the exposed length of the steel rod, measure the flatness and fix it with wooden wedges; S5, tamping of subsequent layers: place a baffle against the inner end of the steel rod, take the cold ramming paste and place it on the surface of the carbon block and scrape it flat; replace the second ramming head, adjust the position so that the ramming head is located directly above the rear edge of the carbon block and aligns with the gap between the steel rod and the carbon block; start the equipment, move the trolley backward with the carbon block, stop the ramming machine when the second ramming head hits the baffle, continue to move the trolley until the ramming head does not hit the baffle, then restart, stop at the front edge of the carbon block, and the second layer is completed if the height is qualified; repeat the above steps according to the designed number of layers; S6, regional tamping and filling: replace the first ramming head, tamp the square area between the baffles, after tamping is completed, remove the baffles and fill ceramic fiber cotton at the original baffle position; take the cold ramming paste to fill the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block, tamp the square area, and if the flatness is not qualified, adjust it until it is qualified; S7, detection and stacking steps: cool the carbon block to room temperature, measure the voltage of multiple points by direct current, take the average value and mark; after completion, stack the carbon block group.

[0008] Further, in S2, when placing the cathode carbon block with the crane, slow operation is required to avoid collision between the cathode carbon block and the walking trolley plate.

[0009] Further, in S3, when adjusting the height of the ramming machine, the distance between the ramming head and the cathode carbon block is accurately controlled by measuring tools.

[0010] Further, in S5, the width of the baffle is matched with the width of the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block, and the height is higher than the depth of the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block, and a handle is provided on the top of the baffle.

[0011] Further, when filling the ceramic fiber cotton, it is necessary to ensure that it is filled densely to play a good heat insulation role.

[0012] Further, when measuring the electrical conductivity, the time and current of the direct current are determined according to the specifications of the cathode carbon block.

[0013] The application adopting the above technical scheme has the following outstanding features compared with the prior art: The device aspect of the present application, the main track, the door type frame, the walking trolley and the tamping machine cooperatively constitute a complete system, the main and auxiliary tracks cooperate to realize accurate positioning, the self-made fixture stably fixes the carbon block through the U-shaped clamping plate to avoid deviation. Two kinds of tamping heads are designed in a targeted manner, the horizontal tamping plate of the first tamping head is adapted to the dovetail groove for overall tamping, and the horizontal vertically arranged tamping plate of the second tamping head accurately processes the gap between the steel rod and the carbon block, so that the cold tamping paste compactness in different areas is improved, and the connection strength and conductivity are guaranteed. On the method aspect, mechanized operation replaces manual tamping, the trolley and the tamping machine are synchronously operated to shorten the cycle, the layered tamping process reduces the equipment replacement frequency, and the efficiency is greatly improved. The quality control of each link is strict, the pretreatment enhances the bonding force, the detection of each layer ensures the consistency of the compactness, the steel rod fixing ensures the accurate position, and the risk of uneven current distribution is reduced. It is suitable for the transformation of small or old electrolytic cells, and the application range is expanded. The device structure is simple, the self-made components reduce investment, mechanization reduces labor cost, quality improvement prolongs the service life of the electrolytic cell, and has adaptability and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a site layout structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the door type frame and the tamping machine of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 It is a top view structure schematic diagram of the walking trolley of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 It is a side view structure schematic diagram of the walking trolley of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 It is a main body structure schematic diagram of the cathode carbon block after placement of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 It is a main body structure schematic diagram of the cathode carbon block of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 It is a main body structure schematic diagram of the first tamping head of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 It is a main body structure schematic diagram of the second tamping head of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 It is a main body structure schematic diagram of the baffle of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 It is an installation structure schematic diagram of the steel rod and the baffle of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 It is a filling structure schematic diagram of the ceramic fiber cotton of the embodiment of the present application. The figure is marked as: ground 1, main track 2, door type frame 3, tamping machine 4, walking trolley 5, auxiliary track 6, self-made fixture 7, U-shaped clamping plate 7-1, cathode carbon block 8, dovetail groove 8-1, steel bar 9, first tamping head 10, second tamping head 11, baffle 12, square area 13, cold tamping paste 14, ceramic fiber cotton 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application will be further described in conjunction with examples, the purpose of which is only to better understand the content of the present application, therefore, the examples do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] Reference Figures 1-11 An electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembly device, comprising a main track 2, a door type frame 3, a walking trolley 5 and a tamping machine 4; the main track 2 is laid in parallel, the spacing is adapted to the center spacing of the wheels of the walking trolley 5, and the length is at least twice the length of the assembled cathode carbon block 8; the door type frame 3 is fixed to the ground 1 at the middle position of the main track 2, and the top is provided with an auxiliary track 6 for the left and right movement of the tamping machine 4; the walking trolley 5 can move along the main track 2, and a self-made fixture 7 for fixing the cathode carbon block 8 is welded on the flat plate of the walking trolley 5, the self-made fixture 7 is composed of two symmetrical U-shaped clamping plates 7-1, and the clearance size between the two U-shaped clamping plates 7-1 is adapted to the size of the cathode carbon block 8; the tamping machine 4 can move along the auxiliary track 6, and is equipped with two kinds of first tamping heads 10 and second tamping heads 11 which can vertically reciprocate. The first tamping head 10 comprises a tamping plate horizontally placed and a tamping rod vertically fixed to the top surface of the tamping plate. The second tamping head 11 comprises a tamping plate vertically placed and a tamping rod vertically fixed to the top of the tamping plate. An electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembly method, comprising the following steps: S1, preparation: check each part of the assembly device, lay the main track 2, fix the door type frame 3, debug the electrical equipment of the walking trolley 5 and the tamping machine 4; clean the impurities in the dovetail groove 8-1 of the cathode carbon block 8; perform surface sand blasting pretreatment on the cathode steel bar 9; S2, placement and filling: use a crane to place the cathode carbon block 8 above the flat plate of the walking trolley 5, and the self-made fixture 7 limits and fixes the cathode carbon block 8; take the cold tamping paste 14 and put it into the dovetail groove 8-1 of the cathode carbon block 8 and scrape it flat; S3, first layer ramming: adjust the position of the rammer 4, use the first ramming head 10 to align the dovetail groove 8-1 and be located directly above the front edge of the carbon block; adjust the height of the rammer 4, start the rammer 4 and the walking trolley 5, the walking trolley 5 moves forward with the carbon block, the ramming head reciprocates to compact the paste, stop at the rear edge of the carbon block, detect the flatness and thickness of the paste, if qualified, the first layer is completed, and the temperature of the paste and the carbon block is continuously detected during each layer ramming; S4, steel rod installation: the trolley moves forward, hoists the group of cathode steel rods 9 to the dovetail groove 8-1, adjusts the exposed length of the steel rod, detects the flatness and fixes it with wooden wedges; S5, subsequent layer ramming: place the baffle 12 close to the inner end of the steel rod, place the cold ramming paste 14 on the surface of the carbon block and scrape it flat; replace the second ramming head 11, adjust the position so that the ramming head is located directly above the rear edge of the carbon block and aligns with the gap between the steel rod and the carbon block; start the equipment, the trolley moves backward with the carbon block, the second ramming head 11 stops the rammer 4 when it hits the baffle 12, the trolley continues to move until the ramming head does not hit the baffle 12, then restarts, stops at the front edge of the carbon block, and if the height is qualified, the second layer is completed; repeat the above steps according to the designed number of layers; S6, regional ramming and filling: replace the first ramming head 10, ram the square area 13 between the baffles 12, after ramming, remove the baffle 12 and fill the ceramic fiber cotton 15 at the original position of the baffle 12; fill the dovetail groove 8-1 of the cathode carbon block 8 with the cold ramming paste 14, ram the square area 13, and if the flatness is not qualified, adjust it until it is qualified; S7, detection and stacking steps: the carbon block cools to room temperature, direct current is passed through multiple points to measure voltage, and the average value is marked; after completion, stack the carbon block group. In S2, when placing the cathode carbon block 8 with the crane, slow operation is required to avoid collision between the cathode carbon block 8 and the flat plate of the walking trolley 5. In S3, when adjusting the height of the rammer 4, the distance between the ramming head and the cathode carbon block 8 is accurately controlled through measuring tools. In S5, the width of the baffle 12 is matched with the width of the dovetail groove 8-1 of the cathode carbon block 8, and the height is higher than the depth of the dovetail groove 8-1 of the cathode carbon block 8, and a handle is provided on the top of the baffle 12. When filling the ceramic fiber cotton 15, it is necessary to ensure that it is filled densely to play a good heat insulation role. When measuring the electrical conductivity, the time and current of the direct current are determined according to the specifications of the cathode carbon block 8. The device aspect of the present application, the main track 2, the door type frame 3, the walking trolley 5 and the tamping machine 4 cooperatively constitute a complete system, the main and auxiliary tracks 6 cooperate to realize accurate positioning, the self-made fixture 7 is stably fixed to the carbon block through the U-shaped clamping plate 7-1, and deviation is avoided.Two kinds of tamping heads are designed, the horizontal tamping plate of the first tamping head 10 is adapted to the dovetail groove 8-1 to compact the whole, and the horizontal vertical tamping plate of the second tamping head 11 accurately processes the gap between the steel bar and the carbon block, improves the compactness of the cold tamping paste 14 in different areas, and guarantees the connection strength and conductivity. On the method, mechanized operation replaces manual ramming, the trolley and the tamping machine 4 run synchronously to shorten the cycle, the layered ramming process reduces the equipment replacement frequency, and the efficiency is greatly improved. Strict quality control in each link, pretreatment enhances the bonding force, each layer detection ensures the consistency of the compactness, steel rod fixation ensures the position accuracy, reduces the risk of uneven current distribution. Adapt to the transformation of small or old electrolytic cell, expand the application range. The device structure is simple, self-made parts reduce investment, mechanization reduces labor cost, quality improvement prolongs the service life of electrolytic cell, and has adaptability and economy. The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the scope of the present application, and any equivalent changes made by applying the content of the present application and its drawings are included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembly device, characterized in that: It includes a main track, a portal frame, a trolley and a tamping machine; the main tracks are laid in parallel, with a spacing matching the center spacing of the trolley wheels, and a length at least twice the length of the cathode carbon block after assembly; the portal frame is fixed to the ground in the middle of the main track, and a secondary track is provided on the top for the tamping machine to move left and right; the trolley can move along the main track, and a self-made fixture for fixing the cathode carbon block is welded on the flat plate of the trolley, and the self-made fixture consists of two symmetrically arranged U-shaped fixtures, and the clearance size between the two U-shaped fixtures is matched to the size of the cathode carbon block; the tamping machine can move along the secondary track, and is equipped with two types of first tamping heads and second tamping heads that can move vertically back and forth.

2. The electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tamping head includes a horizontally placed tamping plate and a tamping rod vertically fixed to the top surface of the tamping plate.

3. The electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second tamping head includes a horizontally standing tamping plate and a tamping rod vertically fixed to the top of the tamping plate.

4. A method for assembling an electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation: Check the components of the assembly device, lay the main track, fix the door frame, debug the electrical equipment of the traveling trolley and the tamping machine; clean the impurities in the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block; perform surface sandblasting pretreatment on the cathode steel bar; S2. Placement and filling: Use a crane to place the cathode carbon block on the trolley platform, and use a homemade fixture to limit and fix the cathode carbon block; take the cold ramming paste and put it into the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block and scrape it flat; S3. First layer compaction: Adjust the tamping machine position so that the first tamping head is aligned with the dovetail groove and directly above the front edge of the carbon block; adjust the tamping machine height, start the tamping machine and the trolley, and move the trolley with the carbon block forward. The tamping head moves back and forth to compact the paste until it stops at the rear edge of the carbon block. Check the paste flatness and thickness. If qualified, the first layer is completed. Continuously measure the paste and carbon block temperature during each compaction. S4. Steel rod installation: Move the trolley forward and hoist the group of cathode steel rods into the dovetail slot. Adjust the exposed length of the steel rods, measure the flatness and secure them with wooden wedges. S5. Compact the subsequent layers: Place a baffle close to the inner end of the steel rod, apply cold ramming paste to the surface of the carbon block and scrape it flat; replace the second tamping head and adjust the position so that the tamping head is directly above the rear edge of the carbon block and aligned with the gap between the steel rod and the carbon block; start the equipment, and move the trolley with the carbon block backward. When the second tamping head hits the baffle, stop the tamping machine, and continue moving until the tamping head does not hit the baffle, then restart and stop at the front edge of the carbon block. If the height measurement is qualified, the second layer is completed; repeat the above steps according to the designed number of layers; S6. Area compaction and filling: Replace the first tamping head and compact the square area between the baffles. After compaction is complete, remove the baffles and fill the original baffle positions with ceramic fiber cotton. Use cold tamping paste to fill the dovetail groove of the cathode carbon block and compact the square area. If the flatness is unqualified, trim it until it passes. S7, testing and stacking steps: the carbon blocks are cooled to room temperature, a direct current is applied to measure the voltage at multiple points, and the average value is taken and marked; after completion, the carbon block group is stacked.

5. The method for assembling an electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block according to claim 4, wherein: In S2, when placing cathode carbon blocks using a crane, the operation must be slow to avoid collision between the cathode carbon blocks and the trolley plate.

6. The method for assembling cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S3, when adjusting the height of the tamping machine, the distance between the tamping head and the cathode carbon block is precisely controlled by a measuring tool.

7. The method for assembling cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S5, the width of the baffle is adapted to the width of the cathode carbon block dovetail groove, the height is higher than the depth of the cathode carbon block dovetail groove, and a handle is provided on the top of the baffle.

8. The method for assembling cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 4, wherein: When filling ceramic fiber cotton, ensure that it is filled densely to provide good thermal insulation.

9. The method for assembling cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: When measuring the conductivity, the DC current input time and current are determined according to the specifications of the cathode carbon block.

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