Intelligent composite material reinforcement and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent composite material reinforcement and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively using optical fibers and fiber yarns as weaving yarns, introducing the weaving yarns into a weaving machine according to a preset arrangement path, and weaving according to the molding process requirements of corresponding layer connection tissues, the construction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement is realized by independently controlling the introduction path of the optical fiber along the preset direction; wherein the preset direction comprises one or more of the warp direction, the weft direction or the thickness direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement. According to the invention, the optical fiber is introduced into the intelligent composite material reinforcement body under the condition that the optical fiber is not damaged, and the distribution of the optical fiber in the intelligent composite material reinforcement body can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the introduction direction, the number and the bending angle of the optical fiber; and the method has the advantages of various organization structures, various fiber types, large reinforcement size and density control range, strong designability, good integrity, convenient operation in the weaving process and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of three-dimensional fabric weaving, in particular to an intelligent composite material reinforcement and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The composite material reinforcement is formed by using high-performance fibers through overall weaving technology. The warp yarns and weft yarns in the reinforcement are interwoven or arranged at 90 degrees in the plane, which improves the in-plane performance of the composite material. The yarn bundles running through the thickness direction of the structure at the same time reduce the delamination phenomenon, increase the interlaminar shear strength of the material, and improve the impact resistance and bending fatigue performance of the material. The composite material with the reinforcement as the reinforcing framework is widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, etc., which greatly improves the level of structural lightweight.

[0003] The optical fiber has advantages of high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference, durability, etc. The composite of the optical fiber and the reinforcement can realize online health monitoring of the composite material and improve the safety and reliability of the equipment structure. However, in the related technology, the optical fiber sensor is generally combined with the reinforcement in an external or embedded manner. The external optical fiber sensor is easily affected by the environment, is difficult to deform cooperatively with the reinforcement, and has low measurement accuracy. The embedded optical fiber sensor is easily damaged and unevenly distributed.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an intelligent composite material reinforcement and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an intelligent composite material reinforcement and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the problems of single structure, single fiber type, uneven density and uneven distribution of optical fibers of the traditional composite material reinforcement.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of an intelligent composite material reinforcement, which comprises: introducing optical fibers and fiber yarns as weaving yarns respectively, and weaving according to the forming process requirements of the corresponding layer connection organization by introducing the weaving yarns into a loom according to a preset arrangement path, wherein the optical fibers are independently controlled along a preset direction during the weaving process to realize the construction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement; and the preset direction includes one or more of the warp direction, the weft direction or the thickness direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement.

[0007] Preferably, the introduction of the optical fibers along the warp direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement comprises: during the warp weaving process, the optical fibers are taken as a part of the warp yarn layer, and the tension, embedding position and bending angle of the optical fibers in the warp direction are independently controlled by an optical fiber tension control device and an optical fiber heald device.

[0008] Preferably, the introduction of the optical fibers along the warp direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0009] A1: arranging the fiber yarns as A layers x B columns and the optical fibers as C layers x D columns according to the target density, thickness, width of the intelligent composite material reinforcement, and the number and position of the optical fibers introduced along the warp direction;

[0010] A2: passing the fiber yarns and the optical fibers through first and second tension control devices respectively to control the tension of the fiber yarns and the optical fibers respectively so that the shed is clear;

[0011] A3: passing the fiber yarns and the optical fibers through first and second heald devices respectively according to the arrangement of the layer and column numbers of the fiber yarns and the optical fibers;

[0012] A4: driving the fiber yarns to circulate to form an equal-height shed according to the corresponding layer connection requirements, and driving the optical fibers to move according to a preset bending angle so that the optical fibers form a periodic bending structure in the warp direction;

[0013] A5: introducing weft yarns by a weft insertion device each time a shed is formed, and beating up the weft yarns by a beating-up device after the weft insertion is completed;

[0014] A6: after all the warp yarn layers along the thickness direction complete shedding, weft insertion, and beating-up, pulling the pre-reinforcement to a corresponding distance in the forming direction according to a preset weft density, and repeating steps A4 to A5 until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite material reinforcement is completed.

[0015] Preferably, introducing the optical fibers along the weft direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0016] Preferably, introducing the optical fibers along the weft direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0017] B1: arranging the fiber yarns in the warp layer column number according to the target density, thickness, and width of the intelligent composite material reinforcement;

[0018] B2: passing each fiber yarn of each layer of the layer connection structure through a first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn so that the shed is clear;

[0019] B3: passing the fiber yarns through a first heald device according to the arrangement of the fiber yarns, and driving the fiber yarns to circulate to form an equal-height shed by the first heald device;

[0020] B4: After each time the opening is formed, the weft yarn is introduced by the fiber yarn weft insertion device, and the optical fiber is introduced according to the position, number and preset bending angle of the embedded optical fiber along the weft direction by the optical fiber weft insertion device. After the weft insertion is completed, the beating-up device beats the weft yarn and the optical fiber into the shed to complete the beating-up;

[0021] B5: After all the warp yarn layers along the thickness direction complete the opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement body is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps B3 to B4 are repeated until the entire smart composite material reinforcement body is woven.

[0022] Preferably, the introduction of the optical fiber along the thickness direction of the smart composite material reinforcement body is: the optical fiber is vertically penetrated through multiple layers of warp yarns according to the preset position, number and bending angle by the Z-direction yarn insertion device to realize the introduction of the optical fiber along the thickness direction.

[0023] Preferably, the introduction of the optical fiber along the thickness direction of the smart composite material reinforcement body includes the following steps:

[0024] C1: According to the target density, thickness and width requirements of the smart composite material reinforcement body, the fiber yarns are arranged in the number of warp yarn layers;

[0025] C2: Each fiber yarn in each layer of the layer connection organization passes through the first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn to make the opening clear;

[0026] C3: According to the arrangement of the fiber yarns, the fiber yarns are passed into the first heald device, and the first heald device drives the fiber yarns to circulate to form an equal-height opening;

[0027] C4: The Z-direction yarn insertion device introduces the optical fiber along the thickness direction of the fabric according to the preset introduction position, number and preset bending angle of the optical fiber along the thickness direction to introduce the optical fiber;

[0028] C5: After each time the optical fiber is introduced along the thickness direction, the weft yarn is introduced by the weft insertion device, and after the weft insertion is completed, the beating-up device beats the weft yarn and the Z-direction optical fiber into the shed to complete the beating-up;

[0029] C6: After all the warp yarn layers along the thickness direction complete the opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement body is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps C3 to C5 are repeated until the entire smart composite material reinforcement body is woven.

[0030] Preferably, the layer connection organization includes one or more of orthogonal three-way, shallow intersection bending connection, shallow intersection straight connection, deep intersection bending connection, deep intersection straight connection, shallow intersection bending connection plus back warp, shallow intersection straight connection plus back warp, deep intersection bending connection plus back warp, deep intersection straight connection plus back warp or hollow core sandwich.

[0031] Preferably, the bending angle of the optical fiber in the preset direction is 0-180°.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides a smart composite reinforcement prepared by the method of any one of the first aspect.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] In the present application, the optical fiber and the fiber yarn are used as weaving yarns according to a preset arrangement path to form an intelligent composite reinforcement with a constant cross-section or a variable cross-section by weaving or knitting. The fiber yarn can be mixed with a high-performance fiber yarn or a plurality of high-performance fiber yarns and continuously woven into a shape. In the weaving process, the introduction path of the optical fiber in one or several directions of the warp direction, the weft direction or the thickness direction is independently controlled or cooperated, so that the optical fiber is introduced into the intelligent composite reinforcement without damage. By adjusting the introduction direction, quantity and bending angle of the optical fiber, the distribution of the optical fiber in the intelligent composite reinforcement can be regulated and controlled. The method has the advantages of various organizational structures, various fiber types, large control range of reinforcement size and density, strong designability, good integrity and convenient operation in the weaving process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent composite reinforcement provided by the first embodiment of the present application, in which the optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction;

[0037] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent composite reinforcement provided by the second embodiment of the present application, in which the optical fiber is introduced along the weft direction;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent composite reinforcement provided by the third embodiment of the present application, in which the optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction, the weft direction and the thickness direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] In order to realize online health monitoring of composite materials and improve the safety and reliability of equipment structures, Chinese Patent CN 117867724A introduces a composite material preform forming method embedded with an optical fiber sensor. The forming method uses a three-dimensional weaving process to arrange a capillary protection sleeve while weaving warp yarns and weft yarns, and then weaves the optical fiber sensor into the three-dimensional woven fabric by weaving the optical fiber sensor into the capillary protection sleeve. The capillary protection sleeve is removed by direct extraction or chemical decomposition, which may cause low density areas and affect the density uniformity of the preform, and is not conducive to meeting the wide application requirements of various fields. Chinese Patent CN 118033802A introduces a woven embedded optical fiber composite material preparation method. The preparation method includes protection of optical fiber preform weaving, sensing optical fiber signal inspection, and optical fiber composite material forming steps. The fibers used include aramid fibers and 6K carbon fibers. The fiber types and fabric structures are single, the preparation steps are complex, and continuous preparation is difficult to achieve, which is not conducive to meeting the wide application requirements of various fields.

[0041] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a preparation method of an intelligent composite material reinforcement. The preparation method includes: taking the optical fiber and the fiber yarn as weaving yarns respectively, and introducing the weaving yarns into a loom according to a preset arrangement path to weave according to the forming process requirements of the corresponding layer connection organization. In the weaving process, the introduction path of the optical fiber along the preset direction is independently controlled to realize the construction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement. The preset direction includes one or more of the warp direction, the weft direction or the thickness direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the optical fiber and the fiber yarn are respectively used as weaving yarns to form an intelligent composite material reinforcement with a constant cross-section or a variable cross-section according to a preset arrangement path by weaving or knitting. The fiber yarn can be mixed with a high-performance fiber yarn or mixed with multiple high-performance fiber yarns and continuously woven into a shape. In the weaving process, the introduction path of the optical fiber in one or several directions of the warp direction, the weft direction or the thickness direction is independently controlled or cooperated. In this way, the optical fiber is introduced into the intelligent composite material reinforcement without damaging the optical fiber. By adjusting the introduction direction, the number and the bending angle of the optical fiber, the distribution of the optical fiber in the intelligent composite material reinforcement can be regulated, and the method has the advantages of various organizational structures, various fiber types, large control range of reinforcement size and density, strong designability, good integrity and convenient operation in the weaving process.

[0043] According to some preferred embodiments, the introduction of the optical fiber along the warp direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement includes the following steps:

[0044] According to some preferred embodiments, the introduction of the optical fiber along the warp direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement includes the following steps:

[0045] A1: According to the target density, thickness, width of the intelligent composite material reinforcement and the number and position requirements of the optical fiber introduced along the warp direction, the fiber yarn is arranged as A layers x B columns, and the optical fiber is arranged as C layers x D columns to form a mixed warp yarn layer;

[0046] A2: The fiber yarn and the optical fiber are respectively threaded through the first tension control device and the second tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn and the optical fiber respectively, so that the opening is clear;

[0047] A3: According to the arrangement of the layer and column numbers of the fiber yarn and the optical fiber, the fiber yarn and the optical fiber are respectively threaded into the first heald device and the second heald device;

[0048] A4: According to the corresponding layer connection organization requirements, the first heald device drives the fiber yarn to circulate to form an equal-height opening, and the second heald device drives the optical fiber to move according to a preset bending angle, so that the optical fiber forms a periodic bending structure in the warp direction;

[0049] A5: After each opening is formed, the weft yarn is introduced by the weft insertion device, and after the weft insertion is completed, the weft yarn is beaten into the shed by the beating-up device to complete the beating-up;

[0050] A6: After all warp yarn layers along the thickness direction have completed opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps A4 to A5 are repeated until the weaving of the entire smart composite material reinforcement is completed.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, when introducing an optical fiber in the warp direction, the number, position, and preset bending angle of the optical fiber introduced in the warp direction are first set, and then the optical fiber and the fiber yarn are arranged in sequence and respectively inserted into the first tension control device and the second tension control device to independently control the fiber yarn tension and the optical fiber tension in layers. The tension coordination control is achieved by a dynamic feedback system. When the opening clarity is lower than the threshold, the tension of the warp yarn or the optical fiber is automatically adjusted, and the optical fiber is controlled by an independent sheddle device to control its bending angle. During the weaving process, when the first sheddle device drives the fiber yarn to perform a bottom-up or top-down cyclic motion, the second sheddle device independently selects to drive a specific layer or column of optical fibers to move or remain stationary, thereby realizing the introduction of a complex optical fiber sensing path (such as a sine wave or a sawtooth shape). In this way, the optical fiber is controlled by the independent tension device and the sheddle device to avoid weaving breakage, thereby achieving complete embedding of the optical fiber.

[0052] According to the requirements of intelligent composite material reinforcement, the position and quantity requirements of embedded optical fibers can be met by the number of layers and columns of optical fiber arrangement, the requirements of layer connection organization and the bending angle of embedded optical fibers can be met by adjusting the movement law of warp yarns and optical fibers, the thickness requirements of reinforcement can be met by increasing or decreasing the number of warp yarn layers of the preform, the density requirements of reinforcement can be met by adjusting the organization structure, yarn type, yarn fineness, yarn strand ratio, warp density, weft density, etc., the width requirements of reinforcement can be met by increasing or decreasing the number of warp yarn columns of reinforcement, and the length requirements of preform can be met by increasing or decreasing the total weft number of reinforcement weaving.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the tension of the optical fiber and the fiber yarn is not specifically limited. Considering that the optical fiber is relatively fragile, the tension of the optical fiber should be controlled to be smaller than the tension of the fiber yarn.

[0054] According to some preferred embodiments, the optical fiber is introduced along the weft direction of the smart composite reinforcement as follows: during the weft weaving process, the optical fiber is used as weft yarn along a preset path through an optical fiber weft insertion device to control its embedding position and bending angle in the weft direction.

[0055] According to some preferred embodiments, the step of introducing optical fibers along the weft direction of the smart composite reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0056] B1: Arrange the fiber yarns in warp layers according to the target density, thickness, and width requirements of the smart composite reinforcement;

[0057] B2: each layer of each fiber yarn of the layer-to-layer weave is passed through a first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn to make the shed clear;

[0058] B3: the fiber yarn is passed through a first heald device according to the arrangement of the fiber yarn, and the first heald device drives the fiber yarn to circulate to form an equal-height shed;

[0059] B4: after each shed is formed, a weft yarn is introduced by a fiber weft insertion device, and an optical fiber is introduced by an optical fiber weft insertion device according to the position, number and preset bending angle of the optical fiber embedded in the weft direction, after the weft insertion is completed, the weft yarn and the optical fiber are beaten into the shed by a beating-up device, and the beating-up is completed.

[0060] B5: after all the warp yarn layers along the thickness direction complete the shedding, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement body is pulled to a corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps B3 to B4 are repeated until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite reinforcement body is completed.

[0061] In the embodiment of the application, when the optical fiber is introduced in the weft direction, the number, position and preset bending angle of the optical fiber introduced in the weft direction are first designed, and then the optical fiber and the fiber yarn are wound on the optical fiber weft insertion device and the fiber yarn weft insertion device respectively. During the weft insertion process, the optical fiber is selectively used as the weft yarn through the set sequence and bending angle, and is introduced into the shed position by the optical fiber weft insertion device, so as to ensure that the weft insertion channel is smooth and the turning part meets the bending angle of the optical fiber. In this way, the optical fiber is controlled by the weft insertion device and the bending angle of the optical fiber to avoid weaving breakage, thereby realizing the complete embedding of the optical fiber.

[0062] According to the requirements of the intelligent composite reinforcement body, the number of layers and the number of wefts of the optical fiber introduced in the weft direction can be used to meet the position and number requirements of the embedded optical fiber, the movement law of the warp yarn can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the layer-to-layer weave, the number of warp yarn layers of the reinforcement body can be increased or decreased to meet the thickness requirements of the preform, the weave structure, the type of yarn, the fineness of yarn, the ratio of the number of yarn strands, the warp density, the weft density and other methods can be used to meet the density requirements of the reinforcement body, the number of warp yarn columns of the reinforcement body can be increased or decreased to meet the width requirements of the preform, and the total number of wefts of the reinforcement body can be increased or decreased to meet the length requirements of the reinforcement body.

[0063] According to some preferred embodiments, the optical fiber is introduced in the thickness direction of the intelligent composite reinforcement body by a Z-direction yarn insertion device, which vertically penetrates multiple layers of warp yarn according to a preset position, number and bending angle to realize the introduction of the optical fiber in the thickness direction.

[0064] According to some preferred embodiments, the introduction of the optical fiber in the thickness direction of the intelligent composite reinforcement body includes the following steps:

[0065] C1: according to the target density, thickness and width requirements of the intelligent composite material reinforcement, arranging the fiber yarns in the warp layer number;

[0066] C2: passing each fiber yarn of each layer of the layer connection organization through the first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn to make the opening clear;

[0067] C3: according to the arrangement of the fiber yarns, passing the fiber yarns through the first heald device, and the first heald device drives the fiber yarns to circulate to form an equal-height opening;

[0068] C4: the Z-direction yarn guide device introduces the optical fiber along the thickness direction of the fabric according to the preset optical fiber introduction position, number and preset bending angle requirements along the thickness direction of the fabric;

[0069] C5: after introducing the optical fiber in the thickness direction each time, introducing the weft yarn by the weft guide device, and after completing the weft introduction, beating up the weft yarn and the Z-direction optical fiber by the beating-up device to complete the beating-up;

[0070] C6: after completing the opening, weft introduction and beating-up of all the warp layers along the thickness direction, pulling the pre-reinforcement to a corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, repeating steps C3 to C5 until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite material reinforcement is completed.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, when introducing the optical fiber in the thickness direction, the Z-direction yarn guide device penetrates the Z-direction optical fiber along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the fabric according to the preset bending angle from bottom to top or from top to bottom after each opening is formed, so as to realize the complete embedding of the optical fiber along the thickness direction.

[0072] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the optical fiber can also be introduced into the three-dimensional preform along the warp and weft directions, the warp and thickness directions, the weft and thickness directions, the warp, weft and thickness directions at the same time to form an intelligent composite material intelligent body. When the optical fiber is introduced in two or three directions as described above, the second tension control device, the second heald device, the optical fiber weft guide device and the Z-direction yarn guide device need to be controlled coordinately.

[0073] According to some preferred embodiments, the layer connection organization includes one or more of orthogonal three-way, shallow intersection bending connection, shallow intersection straight connection, deep intersection bending connection, deep intersection straight connection, shallow intersection bending connection plus backing warp, shallow intersection straight connection plus backing warp, deep intersection bending connection plus backing warp, deep intersection straight connection plus backing warp or hollow core sandwich.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, during the weaving process, the structure of the layer connection organization and the type of the fiber yarns can be selected according to actual needs, and the intelligent composite material fiber reinforcement is woven into an equal-section or variable-section type, so as to obtain an intelligent composite material reinforcement with variable structure to meet the wide application requirements in various fields.

[0075] According to some preferred embodiments, the bending angle of the optical fiber in the preset direction is 0-180° (for example, it can be 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 120°, 145°, 160° or 180°).

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the full-angle coverage of the bending angle of the optical fiber can realize the distribution of the optical fiber in any complex path in the intelligent body, thereby being conducive to ensuring higher sensitivity and accuracy of the health state monitoring of the composite material; meanwhile, in the embodiment of the present application, when introduced in the warp direction, the bending angle of the optical fiber is preferably 0-90°, and the weft direction and the thickness direction are preferably 0-180°, which is more conducive to the complete introduction of the optical fiber; it should be noted that the bending angle of the optical fiber in the preset direction specifically refers to the included angle between the optical fiber and the preset direction, for example, when the optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction, the included angle between the optical fiber and the parallel direction of the warp direction (for example, as shown in the figure). Figure 1

[0077] The present application also provides an intelligent composite material reinforcement prepared by any of the above preparation methods.

[0078] In summary, the intelligent composite material reinforcement obtained by the above method in the embodiment has the advantages of diverse organizational structure, diverse fiber types, large control range of reinforcement size and density, strong designability, adjustable and controllable number and position of embedded optical fibers and bending angle, good integrity, convenient operation in the weaving process and the like. The material reinforced by the reinforcement has the advantages of high modulus, high strength, high interlayer strength, high impact resistance and the like, and can realize online health monitoring of the material, improve the safety and reliability of the equipment structure, and can be widely applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace, automobile, marine and the like.

[0079] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the following examples are used to specifically illustrate an intelligent composite material reinforcement and a preparation method thereof; in the following examples, the whole of the intelligent composite material reinforcement is in an equal cross section, and the fiber yarns all use glass fibers; in example 1, the optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction, in example 2, the optical fiber is introduced along the weft direction, and in example 3, the optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction, the weft direction and the thickness direction.

[0080] Example 1:

[0081] (1) According to the target density (warp density 10 roots / cm, weft density 8 roots / cm) of the intelligent composite material reinforcement, the thickness (10 mm), the width (200 mm) and the number (5 roots) and position requirements (4th layer, 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th, 150th column) of the embedded optical fiber along the warp direction, the arrangement of the warp layer column number is carried out, and 8 layers of 200 columns of warp yarns and 1 layer of 5 columns of optical fibers of layer-connected organization are formed; ​

[0082] (2) The first and second tension control devices are passed through each layer of the layer-to-layer organization of each fiber yarn and optical fiber respectively to control the tension of the fiber yarn (0.5 N in this embodiment) and the tension of the optical fiber (0.2 N in this embodiment) respectively, and the tension of the warp yarn and the optical fiber of the layer-to-layer organization is adjusted one by one to make the shedding clear;

[0083] (3) The fiber yarn and the optical fiber are passed into the first heald device and the second heald device according to the arrangement of the layer number of the fiber yarn and the optical fiber;

[0084] (4) According to the preset requirement of the layer-to-layer organization of the shallow interlaced straight linkage structure, the first heald device starts to move from bottom to top or from top to bottom in a cycle, and drives the corresponding warp yarn to move from bottom to top or from top to bottom in a cycle, and the cycle law is "↑↓", "——", "↓↑", "——", and each movement forms an equal height shedding; according to the preset requirement of the path of the embedded optical fiber along the warp direction at an angle of 45°, the second heald device drives the corresponding optical fiber to move from bottom to top or from top to bottom in a cycle, and the cycle law is "↑↓", "↓↑";

[0085] (5) After each shedding is formed, the weft yarn is introduced by the weft insertion device, and after the weft insertion is completed, the weft yarn or the optical fiber is beaten into the shed by the beating-up device, and the beating-up is completed;

[0086] (6) After all the warp yarn layers in the current movement cycle complete the shedding, the weft insertion and the beating-up along the thickness direction, the pre-reinforcing body is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the weft density requirement of the reinforcing body, and after the pulling is completed, steps (4) to (5) are repeated to perform the next movement cycle, and in different movement cycles, the warp yarn and the weft yarn are interlaced to form the corresponding layer-to-layer organization, and the embedded optical fiber and the weft yarn are interlaced to achieve the corresponding bending angle and path requirement, until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite reinforcing body is completed (as shown in Figure 1 ).

[0087] Embodiment 2:

[0088] (1) According to the target density (warp density 10 roots / cm, weft density 4 roots / cm), thickness (7 mm), and width (200 mm) of the intelligent composite reinforcing body, the fiber yarn is arranged in the warp layer number to form 9 layers and 200 columns of warp yarns of the layer-to-layer organization;

[0089] (2) Each warp yarn of the layer-to-layer organization is passed through the first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn, and the tension of the warp yarn of the layer-to-layer organization is adjusted one by one to make the shedding clear (0.6 N in this embodiment);

[0090] (3) The fiber yarn and the optical fiber are passed into the first heald device and the optical fiber beating-up device according to the arrangement of the layer number;

[0091] (4) According to the preset shallow intersection bending combined structure layer connected organization requirement, the first heald starts from bottom to top or from top to bottom cyclic motion, drives the corresponding warp yarn (fiber yarn) from bottom to top or from top to bottom cyclic motion, the cyclic motion law is "↑↓", "↓↑", each time the motion forms the opening of the same height;

[0092] (5) After each opening is formed, the weft yarn is introduced by the fiber yarn weft insertion device, and the optical fiber is introduced horizontally according to the position, number and preset bending angle (0°) of the embedded optical fiber along the weft direction by the optical fiber weft insertion device. After the weft insertion is completed, the weft insertion device inserts the weft yarn or optical fiber into the weaving mouth, and the beating-up is completed;

[0093] (6) After all the warp yarn layers along the thickness direction in the current motion cycle complete the opening, weft insertion or optical fiber introduction and beating-up, according to the weft density requirement of the reinforcement, the pre-reinforcement is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction, after the pulling is completed, the steps (4) to (5) are repeated to carry out the next motion cycle, until the preparation of the whole intelligent composite reinforcement is completed (such as shown in Figure 2 ).

[0094] Example 3:

[0095] (1) According to the target density of the intelligent composite reinforcement (warp density 10 roots / cm, weft density 5 roots / cm), thickness (13mm), width (200mm) and the number (10 roots) and position requirement (5th layer, 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th, 150th column) of the embedded optical fiber along the warp direction, the arrangement of the warp layer column number is carried out, forming 16 layers of layer connected organization, 200 columns of warp yarn and 1 layer of embedded optical fiber, 5 columns;

[0096] (2) The first tension control device and the second tension control device through which each layer of each fiber yarn and optical fiber of the layer connected organization is respectively arranged to control the tension of the fiber yarn (0.7N in this embodiment) and the tension of the optical fiber (0.2N in this embodiment), and the tension of the warp yarn and the tension of the optical fiber of the layer connected organization are adjusted root by root, so that the opening is clear;

[0097] (3) According to the arrangement of the layer column number of the fiber yarn and the optical fiber, they are respectively arranged into the first heald and the second heald;

[0098] (4) According to the preset shallow intersection bending combined structure layer connected organization requirement, the first heald starts from bottom to top or from top to bottom cyclic motion, drives the corresponding warp yarn from bottom to top or from top to bottom cyclic motion, the cyclic motion law of the shallow intersection bending combined structure part of the warp yarn is "↑↓", "↓↑", the cyclic motion law of the orthogonal three-way structure part of the warp yarn is "——", "——", each time the motion forms the opening of the same height; According to the preset requirement of the bending angle 0° of the embedded optical fiber along the warp direction, the second heald drives the corresponding optical fiber to remain stationary;

[0099] (5) According to the requirements of the preset position, number and bending angle 180° of the inlaid optical fiber along the thickness direction, the Z-direction yarn leading device leads the optical fiber along the thickness direction to move up and down in a cycle, and the cycle rule is "↑" and "↓", and the optical fiber is introduced along the thickness direction of the warp layer to introduce the optical fiber;

[0100] (6) After each opening is formed, the weft yarn is introduced by the weft leading device, and the optical fiber is introduced horizontally by the optical fiber weft leading device according to the requirements of the position, number and bending angle 0° of the inlaid optical fiber along the weft direction, and after the weft is introduced, the beating device beats the weft yarn or the optical fiber into the shed to complete the beating;

[0101] (7) After all the warp layers along the thickness direction complete the opening, weft introduction and beating in the current movement cycle, the pre-reinforcing body is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the weft density requirement of the reinforcing body, and after the pulling is completed, the next movement cycle is repeated from step (4) to step (6) to complete the weaving of the entire intelligent composite reinforcing body (as shown in Figure 3 ).

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a smart composite material reinforcement, characterized in that: The preparation method includes: using optical fibers and fiber yarns as weaving yarns respectively, introducing the weaving yarns into a loom according to a preset arrangement path, and weaving according to the molding process requirements of the corresponding layered structure. During the weaving process, the introduction path of the optical fibers along a preset direction is independently controlled to achieve the construction of an intelligent composite material reinforcement; wherein the preset direction includes one or more of the warp, weft, or thickness directions of the intelligent composite material reinforcement.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical fiber is introduced along the warp direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement as follows: during the warp weaving process, the optical fiber is used as part of the warp yarn layer, and its tension, embedding position and bending angle in the warp direction are independently controlled by the optical fiber tension control device and the optical fiber harness lifting device.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that Introducing optical fibers along the longitudinal direction of the smart composite reinforcement comprises the following steps: A1: Based on the target density, thickness, and width of the smart composite reinforcement, as well as the number and position of optical fibers introduced along the warp direction, the fiber yarns are arranged as A layers × B columns, and the optical fibers are arranged as C layers × D columns to form a hybrid warp yarn layer. A2: passing the fiber yarn and the optical fiber through the first tension control device and the second tension control device respectively to control the tension of the fiber yarn and the optical fiber respectively so that their openings are clear; A3: inserting the fiber yarn and optical fiber into the first harness device and the second harness device respectively according to the arrangement of the number of layers; A4: According to the corresponding layered structure requirements, the first harness device drives the fiber yarn to cyclically move to form a uniform height opening, and the second harness device drives the optical fiber to move according to a preset bending angle, so that the optical fiber forms a periodic bending structure in the warp direction; A5: After each opening is formed, the weft insertion device introduces the weft yarn. After the weft insertion is completed, the beating-up device beats the weft yarn into the weaving opening to complete the beating-up. A6: After all warp yarn layers along the thickness direction have completed opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps A4 to A5 are repeated until the weaving of the entire smart composite material reinforcement is completed.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical fiber is introduced along the weft direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement as follows: during the weft weaving process, the optical fiber is used as weft yarn along a preset path through the optical fiber weft insertion device to control its embedding position and bending angle in the weft direction.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The steps of introducing optical fibers along the weft direction of the smart composite reinforcement include: B1: Arrange the fiber yarns in warp layers according to the target density, thickness, and width requirements of the smart composite reinforcement; B2: passing each fiber yarn of each layer of the layered tissue through the first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn and make the opening clear; B3: according to the arrangement of the fiber yarn, the fiber yarn is passed into the first harness device, and the first harness device drives the fiber yarn to circulate to form an opening of equal height; B4: After each opening is formed, the fiber yarn weft insertion device introduces the weft yarn, and the optical fiber weft insertion device inserts the optical fiber according to the position, number and preset bending angle of the embedded optical fiber along the weft direction. After the weft insertion is completed, the weft beating device beats the weft yarn and optical fiber into the weaving fell to complete the beating; B5: After all warp yarn layers along the thickness direction have completed opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps B3 to B4 are repeated until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite material reinforcement is completed.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical fiber is introduced along the thickness direction of the intelligent composite material reinforcement by vertically passing the optical fiber through multiple layers of warp yarn according to a preset position, quantity and bending angle through a Z-direction yarn introduction device to achieve the introduction of the optical fiber in the thickness direction.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that Introducing optical fibers along the thickness direction of the smart composite reinforcement comprises the following steps: C1: Arrange the fiber yarns in warp layers according to the target density, thickness, and width requirements of the smart composite reinforcement; C2: passing each fiber yarn of each layer of the layered tissue through the first tension control device to control the tension of the fiber yarn and make its opening clear; C3: according to the arrangement of the fiber yarn, the fiber yarn is passed into the first harness device, and the first harness device drives the fiber yarn to circulate to form an opening of equal height; C4: The Z-direction yarn introduction device introduces the optical fiber through the warp yarn layer along the thickness direction of the fabric according to the preset introduction optical fiber position, quantity and preset bending angle requirements along the thickness direction; C5: After each optical fiber is introduced in the thickness direction, the weft yarn is introduced by the weft insertion device. After the weft insertion is completed, the weft beating device beats the weft yarn and the Z-direction optical fiber into the weaving fell to complete the beating; C6: After all warp yarn layers along the thickness direction have completed opening, weft insertion and beating-up, the pre-reinforcement is pulled to the corresponding distance in the forming direction according to the preset weft density, and steps C3 to C5 are repeated until the weaving of the entire intelligent composite material reinforcement is completed.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The layer connection structure includes one or more of orthogonal three-way, shallow cross bend connection, shallow cross straight connection, deep cross bend connection, deep cross straight connection, shallow cross bend connection plus lining warp, shallow cross straight connection plus lining warp, deep cross bend connection plus lining warp, deep cross straight connection plus lining warp or hollow interlayer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The bending angle of the optical fiber in the preset direction is 0 to 180 degrees.

10. A smart composite material reinforcement, characterized in that: The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used for preparation.

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