Drilling and blasting method tunnel one-tunnel twelve-line full-process mechanical construction operation line and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a drilling and blasting method tunnel one-tunnel twelve-line full-process mechanical construction operation line and a using method thereof. Comprising the following twelve working lines from a tunnel face: an advanced forecasting line, an advanced support line, a digging, loading and transporting line, an anchor rod construction line, an arch frame mounting line, a sprayed concrete line, an inverted arch construction line, a waterproof plate and secondary lining steel bar working line, a secondary lining pouring line, a lining maintenance line, a ditch cable trough line and an entity detection line. According to the method, manpower resources are fully released, and the construction safety is greatly improved especially for geological disaster sections such as rockburst and large deformation of soft rocks.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a "one tunnel twelve lines" full-process mechanized construction operation line of a drill-and-blast method tunnel and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous progress of tunnel construction technology, the drill-and-blast method tunnel construction is gradually developing towards mechanization, informatization, intelligentization, greenization, few-person and unmanned directions. However, at present, only part of the processes of the tunnel is realized by mechanization or semi-mechanization operation, and it is still impossible to completely break through the constraints of the traditional drill-and-blast method mode. In particular, the highland railway project has high altitude, high-cold hypoxia, many long and large tunnels, poor surrounding rock geology, long construction period, and extremely harsh environmental conditions, which pose a more severe test to the construction personnel and equipment. Therefore, full-process mechanized construction is imperative.

[0003] An application No. 202410385132.4 discloses a parallel operation method for intelligent construction of a drill-and-blast method, in which the advanced support operation, excavation operation, initial support operation, inverted arch operation and lining operation are simultaneously performed. The application aims to realize simultaneous performance of multiple operation lines, reduce the process rotation time, and improve the construction progress of the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a "one tunnel twelve lines" full-process mechanized construction operation line of a drill-and-blast method tunnel and a use method thereof.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical scheme: a "one tunnel twelve lines" full-process mechanized construction operation line of a drill-and-blast method tunnel, comprising twelve operation lines and corresponding equipment arranged in sequence: An advanced prediction line is configured with a multifunctional drilling machine for detecting the geology and underground water in front of the working face; An advanced support line is configured with a rock drilling jumbo and a grouting machine to realize integrated operation of drilling, steel pipe clamping and grouting; A digging, loading and transporting line is configured with a rock drilling jumbo, an excavator, a loader and a slag transporting vehicle; wherein the full-face or micro-bench method is adopted for hard rock tunnel construction, the three-bench method is adopted for soft rock tunnel construction, and a milling head, a breaking hammer and a hawk hook are provided; new energy electric excavators, electric loaders, electric self-unloading vehicles and supporting charging facilities are provided for high-altitude work sites; An anchor rod construction line is configured with a drilling, anchoring and grouting integrated machine to complete anchor rod drilling, installation and grouting; An arch installation line is configured with an arch installation machine for general sites, a rock burst resistant multifunctional arch installation jumbo for rock burst sites, and a multifunctional telescopic operation jumbo for sites with frequent changes in surrounding rock; A shotcrete line is configured with a concrete wet spraying jumbo, and an alkali-free wet spraying process is adopted; Invert construction line: equipped with a 36m four-station hydraulic trestle with a telescopic approach bridge, it realizes the parallel operation of the four processes of invert excavation and initial support, tunnel bottom waterproofing and drainage, invert and invert filling; Waterproof board and secondary lining steel bar operation line: equipped with waterproof board and steel bar operation trolley; Secondary lining pouring line: equipped with a fully hydraulic lining trolley, a five-window structure is added and the bottom corner supports are increased, and a window-by-window feeding and vibrating process is adopted; Lining curing line: equipped with intelligent temperature-controlled steam curing trolley and constant temperature spray curing trolley to implement curing process; Trench cable duct: equipped with a truss-type adjustable integral trolley, including a mobile truss, inner mold and side mold; Physical inspection line: equipped with a multifunctional inspection vehicle for construction process and acceptance inspection.

[0006] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the hydraulic trestle main beam of the inverted arch construction line has a clearance of ≥0.8m from the inverted arch filling surface, and a full-width integral formwork is used to realize the layered casting of the inverted arch and the filling.

[0007] In some embodiments, the excavation and loading lines use new energy electric equipment in plateau tunnels, including electric excavators, electric loaders, electric dump trucks and electric concrete transport tankers.

[0008] In some embodiments, the arch installation line dynamically adjusts the equipment according to the cross-sectional dimensions; the full-section / micro-step method uses an arch installation machine, and the three-step method uses a multifunctional retractable work trolley.

[0009] A fully mechanized construction method for a tunnel using the drill-and-blast method comprises the following steps: The twelve processes are carried out in sequence according to the above-mentioned production line and meet the following requirements: During the advance prediction and support phase, a multifunctional drilling machine and a drilling rig with a clamp are used; During the excavation phase, construction is differentiated according to rock properties: for hard rock, full-section / micro-step excavation is performed using a drilling rig, while for soft rock, a three-step excavation method using a milling head, a breaker hammer, and an eagle hook is used. The invert construction uses a four-station hydraulic trestle to simultaneously carry out excavation, primary support, drainage, invert and filling operations; The second lining is poured using a five-window lining trolley with window-by-window feeding and window-by-window vibrating technology. The lining maintenance adopts intelligent steaming and constant temperature spraying to implement a "3+11 days" maintenance cycle.

[0010] In some embodiments, during the construction of plateau tunnels, new energy electric equipment is used in the excavation and loading processes, and charging facilities are provided to solve the problem of competition for oxygen between humans and machines.

[0011] In some embodiments, during the top punching process of the secondary lining pouring, the three grouting holes are arranged so that the slurry in the front hole covers the grouting area in the rear hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, in high-altitude tunnel construction, new energy electric equipment is charged by a mobile charging pile group, and the interval distance between charging piles is less than or equal to 200 m.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the advanced prediction stage, drilling data is transmitted to an intelligent construction decision system in real time, and the equipment parameters of subsequent processes are dynamically adjusted.

[0014] In some embodiments, in high-altitude construction, the charging pile group of electric equipment adopts a wind-solar complementary power supply system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The "one tunnel twelve line" full-process mechanized construction operation line of the drill-and-blast method tunnel constitutes a complete operation procedure for the tunnel, and realizes full-process mechanized operation of the tunnel; 2. Human resources are fully released, especially in geological disaster areas such as rock burst and soft rock large deformation, which greatly improves the safety of construction; 3. Full-process mechanized operation solves the problem of human-machine oxygen deficiency in high-altitude areas, and new energy electric equipment solves the problem of human-machine oxygen competition.

[0016] 4. Based on the continuous iteration and upgrading of future intelligent mechanical equipment, the present application has extremely wide popularization value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of equipment matching for the "one tunnel twelve line" full-process mechanized construction operation line of the drill-and-blast method tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] The "one tunnel twelve line" full-process mechanized construction operation line of the drill-and-blast method tunnel is operated in the following twelve lines in order from the working face: 1. Advanced prediction line, 2. Advanced support line, 3. Excavation, loading and transportation line, 4. Anchor rod construction line, 5. Arch installation line, 6. Shotcrete line, 7. Inverted arch construction line, 8. Waterproof board and secondary lining steel bar operation line, 9. Secondary lining pouring line, 10. Lining maintenance line, 11. Water ditch and cable trough line, and 12. Entity detection line.

[0020] Advanced prediction line: Advanced drilling is carried out in the range of the working face by a multifunctional drilling machine to obtain geological and groundwater information in front of the working face. Drilling data is transmitted to the intelligent construction decision system in real time, and subsequent process parameters are dynamically optimized, for example, the excavation footage is adjusted according to the integrity coefficient of surrounding rock.

[0021] Advanced support line: Advanced support drilling is carried out by a rock drilling jumbo, and a clamp device (including a hydraulic clamping module and a mechanical arm) is added to the rock drilling jumbo to realize automatic alignment and locking of steel pipes, and grouting is carried out by a grouting machine.

[0022] Excavation, loading and transportation line: rock drilling jumbo, excavator, loader, and slag transport vehicle. Blasting drilling is carried out by a rock drilling jumbo, the number of three-arm or double-curved arm rock drilling jumbos is determined according to the size of the excavation section, and the push beam of the rock drilling jumbo is shortened for small sections to solve the problem of slotting angle in small section tunnels.

[0023] General equipment such as excavation, loading and transportation is configured for conventional processes, and new energy electric equipment is configured for high altitude work sites to solve the problem of oxygen competition between man and machine on the plateau. New energy electric equipment includes new energy electric excavators, electric loaders, electric dump trucks, electric concrete transport tank trucks, and supporting energy supplement facilities such as charging piles, which are used for tunnel construction excavation, loading, and transportation operations to form a complete new energy electric equipment construction operation line.

[0024] Hard rock and medium hard rock tunnels are constructed by full-face or micro-bench method using rock drilling jumbos to reduce the number of step-by-step excavations and process conversions, shorten the cycle time, ensure the roundness of the excavation contour, and improve the quality of tunnel excavation. Soft rock tunnels are excavated by three benches using a milling head, a breaking hammer, and an eagle hook to reduce disturbance to surrounding rock and ensure construction safety.

[0025] Hard rock / medium hard rock: full-face or micro-bench excavation by rock drilling jumbo; Soft rock: three bench excavation using a milling head, a breaking hammer, and an eagle hook, with the feeding speed of the milling head strictly controlled at 0.5-1.2 m / min to reduce disturbance to surrounding rock; High altitude work site: new energy electric excavators, electric loaders, electric dump trucks, and mobile charging pile groups are arranged along the tunnel side wall every ≤200 m, and the charging piles are powered by a wind-solar complementary power supply system (tunnel entrance photovoltaic panel + wind turbine).

[0026] Anchor rod construction line: drill and anchor integrated machine, the number of single-arm or double-arm drill and anchor integrated machines is determined according to the size of the excavation section to complete the drilling, installation, and grouting of anchor rods.

[0027] Arch installation line: arch installation machine, multi-functional anti-rockburst arch installation trolley, multi-functional telescopic operation trolley, general section, arch installation adopts arch installation machine operation, rock burst section, arch installation adopts anti-rockburst multi-functional arch installation trolley, prevents rock burst injury, improves construction efficiency, reduces safety risk, surrounding rock changes frequently, arch installation configures multi-functional telescopic operation trolley, realizes rapid conversion of full-face and micro-step construction methods.

[0028] Rock burst section: adopt anti-rockburst multi-functional arch installation trolley, integrate hydraulic buffer system (multi-stage damping oil cylinder) and remote control module (anti-explosion camera + 50 meters operation platform); Surrounding rock changes section: configure multi-functional telescopic operation trolley (with hydraulic hinged 360° rotating platform).

[0029] Shotcrete line: concrete wet spraying trolley, adopts alkali-free wet spraying process, completes tunnel primary support concrete wet spraying operation through concrete wet spraying trolley.

[0030] Inverted arch construction line: hydraulic inverted arch trestle, configures multi-functional 36m four-station hydraulic trestle with telescopic approach bridge, can realize inverted arch excavation and primary support, tunnel bottom waterproof and drainage and steel bar, inverted arch and inverted arch filling four-station parallel operation, the clear distance between the bottom surface of the main beam and the inverted arch filling surface is not less than 0.8m, which meets the operation space of light vibration beam leveling device and disc leveling machine and other surface collecting tools. The trestle adopts full-width inverted arch integral formwork, realizes inverted arch filling and inverted arch pouring separately, and fills once to the design elevation.

[0031] Adopt 36m four-station hydraulic trestle, the clear distance between the bottom surface of the main beam and the inverted arch filling surface is not less than 0.8m; The trestle is equipped with full-width integral formwork, which realizes layered pouring of inverted arch and filling.

[0032] Waterproof board and secondary lining steel bar operation line: waterproof board and steel bar operation trolley, completes secondary lining waterproof board laying and secondary lining steel bar installation operation through waterproof board and steel bar operation trolley.

[0033] Secondary lining pouring line: full hydraulic lining trolley, the lining trolley is additionally provided with "five windows", the bottom corner support is encrypted, the arch part and both ends are provided with plug-in vibrating rods, the secondary lining pouring adopts "windowed feeding, windowed vibrating" process, and the top pouring adopts "from low to high, three-hole top pouring, front hole covering rear hole" process.

[0034] The full hydraulic lining trolley is additionally provided with five-window structure, and the bottom corner support is encrypted; Adopt windowed feeding and windowed vibrating process, the three-hole spacing is ≤0.8m during top pouring, which ensures that the front hole grout covers the rear hole grouting area.

[0035] Lining maintenance line: intelligent temperature control steam curing trolley, constant temperature spraying curing trolley, intelligent steam curing and automatic constant temperature spraying trolley for secondary lining concrete curing, and "3+11" day curing process is implemented.

[0036] Water channel cable slot line: truss hoist type water channel cable slot trolley, water channel cable slot construction adopts a single adjustable truss hoist integral trolley tool, which mainly consists of a mobile truss hoist, an inner mold and a side mold.

[0037] Entity detection line. Multifunctional detection vehicle for entity detection of completed projects such as secondary lining concrete, which involves construction process detection and completion acceptance detection.

[0038] The present application is not limited to the mechanical equipment configured in the above processes, and is intended to explain the "one tunnel twelve line" full-process mechanized construction operation line of the drill-and-blast tunnel, which should be continuously iteratively upgraded with intelligent mechanical equipment, promote the application of green kinetic energy equipment, and strengthen ecological environment protection. In the design stage, the bidding section is divided according to the principle of facilitating full-process mechanized construction of the tunnel, the mechanical equipment and personnel team suitable for full-process mechanized construction of the tunnel are configured, the management, use, maintenance and repair systems of the main mechanized equipment are established, and the quality and safety level of tunnel construction is continuously improved.

[0039] In combination with the attached Figure 1 Taking the construction of a certain plateau tunnel as an example, the specific implementation mode of the present application is further explained: Table 1 Full-process mechanized main equipment configuration table for single operation face The "one tunnel twelve line" full-process mechanized construction operation line of the drill-and-blast tunnel and the use method thereof solve the problem of low mechanization degree of the drill-and-blast tunnel. The full-process mechanized construction of the tunnel covers the whole process of tunnel surveying and design, engineering implementation and project acceptance, as well as equipment configuration, construction organization, quality and safety control whole chain. The main application is the comprehensive application of rock drilling car and drilling and anchoring equipment in the whole process of tunnel engineering excavation, support, waterproof and drainage, lining and auxiliary engineering, and the formation of the corresponding production organization mode and management mode, which improves the quality and safety management level of tunnel engineering.

[0040] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully mechanized construction line for a drill-and-blast tunnel with "one tunnel and twelve lines", characterized by: It includes twelve working lines and corresponding equipment set up in sequence: Advance prediction line: equipped with a multifunctional drilling machine for geological and groundwater detection in front of the tunnel face; Advanced support line: equipped with a drilling rig and grouting machine to achieve integrated operations of drilling, steel pipe clamping and grouting; Excavation and loading lines: equipped with drilling rigs, excavators, loaders, and slag trucks; hard rock tunnels are constructed using the full-section or micro-bench method, while soft rock tunnels are constructed using the three-bench method and equipped with milling heads, breakers, and hooks; high-altitude work sites are equipped with new energy electric excavators, electric loaders, electric dump trucks, and supporting charging facilities; Anchor bolt construction line: equipped with a drilling, anchoring and grouting machine to complete anchor bolt drilling, installation and grouting; Arch installation line: an arch installation machine is configured for general areas, a rock burst-proof multifunctional arch installation trolley is configured for rock burst areas, and a multifunctional retractable operating trolley is configured for areas with frequent surrounding rock changes; Shotcrete line: equipped with a concrete wet spraying trolley and adopts alkali-free wet spraying technology; Invert construction line: equipped with a 36m four-station hydraulic trestle with a telescopic approach bridge, it realizes the parallel operation of the four processes of invert excavation and initial support, tunnel bottom waterproofing and drainage, invert and invert filling; Waterproof board and secondary lining steel bar operation line: equipped with waterproof board and steel bar operation trolley; Secondary lining pouring line: equipped with a fully hydraulic lining trolley, a five-window structure is added and the bottom corner supports are increased, and a window-by-window feeding and vibrating process is adopted; Lining curing line: equipped with intelligent temperature-controlled steam curing trolley and constant temperature spray curing trolley to implement curing process; Trench cable duct: equipped with a truss-type adjustable integral trolley, including a mobile truss, inner mold and side mold; Physical inspection line: equipped with a multifunctional inspection vehicle for construction process and acceptance inspection.

2. The production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the hydraulic trestle main beam of the inverted arch construction line has a clearance of ≥0.8m from the inverted arch filling surface, and a full-width integral formwork is used to realize the layered casting of the inverted arch and the filling.

3. The production line according to claim 1, wherein: The excavation and loading line uses new energy electric equipment in the plateau tunnel, including electric excavators, electric loaders, electric dump trucks and electric concrete transport tankers.

4. The production line according to claim 1, wherein: The arch frame installation line dynamically adjusts the equipment according to the cross-sectional size. The full-section / micro-step method adopts an arch frame installation machine, and the three-step method adopts a multi-functional retractable work trolley.

5. A fully mechanized construction method for a tunnel using the drill and blast method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The operation line according to any one of claims 1 to 4 performs twelve processes in sequence and satisfies: During the advance prediction and support phase, a multifunctional drilling machine and a drilling rig with a clamp are used; During the excavation phase, construction is differentiated according to rock properties: for hard rock, full-section / micro-step excavation is performed using a drilling rig, while for soft rock, a three-step excavation method using a milling head, a breaker hammer, and an eagle hook is used. The invert construction uses a four-station hydraulic trestle to simultaneously carry out excavation, primary support, drainage, invert and filling operations; The second lining is poured using a five-window lining trolley with window-by-window feeding and window-by-window vibrating technology. Lining maintenance adopts intelligent steaming and constant temperature spraying to implement a "3+11 days" maintenance cycle.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the construction of plateau tunnels, new energy electric equipment is used in the excavation and loading processes, and supporting charging facilities are used to solve the problem of competition for oxygen between humans and machines.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the top punching process of the secondary lining pouring, the three grouting holes are arranged so that the slurry in the front hole covers the grouting area in the rear hole.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the construction of plateau tunnels, new energy electric equipment is recharged through a group of mobile charging piles, with the charging piles spaced ≤ 200m apart.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the advanced prediction stage, drilling data will be transmitted to the intelligent construction decision-making system in real time to dynamically adjust the equipment parameters of subsequent processes.

10. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During plateau construction, the charging pile group for electric equipment adopts a wind-solar complementary power supply system.

Images