Freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in tunnel and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel and a construction method. The freezer comprises a freezer main body, a driving mechanism and a guide rail; the guide rail is fixedly mounted on the freezer main body; the driving mechanism comprises a gear, and the gear is meshed with teeth arranged on the guide rail to form a transmission pair; during construction, when the freezer is in a folded state, the freezing part is put into a tunnel to be constructed, then the freezer is converted into an unfolded state from the folded state, and finally liquid nitrogen is continuously injected into the left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe till water in the tunnel to be constructed is frozen. Through the foldable double-leaf structure, the guide rail-gear drive, the waterproof power system and the heat insulation design, the problems that a traditional freezer is poor in freezing range adaptability, insufficient in unfolding stability and low in humid environment reliability are solved, and the foldable double-leaf freezer has the advantages of being high in construction efficiency, high in reliability and high in adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ground freezing construction. Specifically, it is a freezing device and construction method for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional liquid nitrogen freezing technology is mainly applied to ground freezing in underground engineering. Its basic principle is to use liquid nitrogen to absorb a large amount of heat when it changes from liquid to gas in the freezing pipe, thereby rapidly cooling and freezing the surrounding water-bearing rock-soil and forming a large-area, continuous frozen soil wall. This method is mainly used to improve the overall strength, stability of the ground and block the inflow of underground water in mine, foundation pit and large tunnel excavation and other scenes, thereby providing a safe and stable support structure for subsequent construction.

[0003] However, due to different construction targets, different requirements for freezing areas, etc., there are obvious differences between the liquid nitrogen freezing technology used for water plugging construction in drainage tunnels and the liquid nitrogen freezing technology used in traditional ground freezing. Traditional ground freezing focuses on large-area freezing to form a continuous frozen soil structure to support the surrounding rock-soil and resist external pressure; while the main purpose of water plugging construction in drainage tunnels is to quickly form a local ice plug in a narrow space to ensure a dry environment during construction or maintenance. In ground freezing, uniform and continuous distribution of frozen soil is required to provide overall structural support; while water plugging in drainage tunnels emphasizes that the freezing range should be able to adapt to the cross-sectional size of the tunnel, achieving full-range water plugging.

[0004] Currently, there are limited liquid nitrogen freezing technologies for water plugging construction in drainage tunnels on the market. The main reason is that existing technologies and equipment focus on large-area ground freezing and cannot well meet the special requirements of local water plugging in narrow tunnels. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a freezing device structure and construction method specifically suitable for water plugging construction in drainage tunnels to realize ground-stretching-in type lowering, flexible adaptation to tunnel size, and formation of a reliable ice plug barrier in a short time, thereby ensuring the safety and dryness of the construction environment in the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a freezing device and construction method for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, to solve the problems of poor freezing range adaptability and low reliability of the driving mechanism in a humid environment when a conventional freezing device is used for tunnel water plugging freezing construction.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, comprising a freezing device body, a driving mechanism and a guide rail, the guide rail is fixedly installed on the freezing device body, the driving mechanism comprises a gear, the gear and the gear teeth provided on the guide rail are interlocked and form a transmission pair, the freezing device body comprises a left fan freezing pipe and a right fan freezing pipe, the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe each comprise a disc-shaped freezing part,

[0008] When the freezing device is in a folded state, the gear remains stationary, and at least a part of the freezing part of the left fan freezing pipe and the freezing part of the right fan freezing pipe overlap each other, when the gear rotates, the right fan freezing pipe slides relative to the left fan freezing pipe along the length direction of the guide rail, and the freezing device is switched from a folded state to an unfolded state or from an unfolded state to a folded state, the freezing device realizes the switching of the folded / unfolded state through the meshing transmission of the gear and the guide rail gear teeth, and solves the problem of insufficient stability of the traditional freezing device in unfolding, the freezing device is convenient to transport into the tunnel in the folded state, the double-fan freezing pipe covers a larger range after unfolding, and the construction efficiency is significantly improved, and the relative sliding between the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe in the unfolded state occurs in a plane, so that the disturbance of the sewage in the tunnel to be constructed caused by the page-type unfolding is avoided, and the freezing effect is improved.

[0009] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe are each a single pipe, and the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe each further comprise a liquid inlet part and a gas outlet part, wherein:

[0010] The two pipe openings of the left fan freezing pipe are a left fan liquid inlet and a left fan gas outlet, the left fan freezing pipe comprises a left fan liquid inlet part, a left fan freezing part and a left fan gas outlet part connected in sequence;

[0011] The two pipe openings of the right fan freezing pipe are a right fan liquid inlet and a right fan gas outlet, the right fan freezing pipe comprises a right fan liquid inlet part, a right fan freezing part and a right fan gas outlet part connected in sequence;

[0012] The shape and size of the right fan freezing pipe are the same as those of the left fan freezing pipe.

[0013] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe are both "b" shaped, the lower part of the "b" shape is the freezing part in the shape of a semicircular disc, and the upper part is the liquid inlet part and the gas outlet part in the shape of straight pipes; the left fan liquid inlet part, the left fan gas outlet part, the right fan liquid inlet part and the right fan gas outlet part are parallel to each other, and the left fan liquid inlet, the left fan gas outlet, the right fan liquid inlet and the right fan gas outlet all face the same direction; the disc surfaces of the left fan freezing part and the right fan freezing part are parallel to each other, and the curved edges of the semicircles of the left fan freezing part and the right fan freezing part face opposite directions. When the freezing device is in the unfolded state, the front view projection of the left fan freezing pipe and the front view projection of the right fan freezing pipe are symmetrical relative to the center line of the freezing device; and the left fan liquid inlet part, the left fan gas outlet part, the right fan liquid inlet part and the right fan gas outlet part are all adjacent to the center line of the freezing device; when the freezing device is in the folded state, the distance between the left fan gas outlet part and the right fan gas outlet part is equal to the radius of the freezing part semicircle; the design makes the freezing part adapt to the shape of the tunnel cross section when the freezing device is unfolded, and at the same time, the width of the freezing device is small after being folded, so that the freezing device can be easily lowered into a tunnel maintenance well with a small diameter.

[0014] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, the guide rail is in the shape of a groove, and is fixedly installed on the disc surface of the freezing part and arranged perpendicularly to the gas outlet part; the number of the guide rails is one or two, and the teeth are arranged on the inner bottom wall of at least one of the guide rails; the teeth are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the guide rail, and the extension direction of the tooth groove between two adjacent teeth is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail.

[0015] The rotation axis of the gear is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail, and the rotation axis of the gear is perpendicular to the disc surfaces of the left fan freezing part and the right fan freezing part.

[0016] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, the number of the guide rails is two, including a left fan guide rail and a right fan guide rail; the cross sections of the left fan guide rail and the right fan guide rail are both in the shape of J, and the teeth are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail and the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail; the shape and size of the left fan guide rail and the right fan guide rail are the same; the left fan guide rail is fixedly installed on one disc surface of the left fan freezing part, and the right fan guide rail is installed on one disc surface of the right fan freezing part, and the disc surface of the left fan freezing part on which the left fan guide rail is installed is opposite to the disc surface of the right fan freezing part on which the right fan guide rail is installed, the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail is opposite to the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail, and the gear is located between the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail and the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail.

[0017] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel has a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears are arranged along the length direction of the guide rail. The use of two guide rails for transmission and the use of a plurality of gears arranged between the two guide rails can enhance the stability and synchronization of the freezing device during unfolding and folding. The design of the plurality of gears distributed along the length of the guide rail can disperse the transmission load and avoid excessive stress on a single point. The use of a plurality of gears can improve the stability of transmission, and even if the guide rail is slightly deformed, the unfolding accuracy of the freezing device can be maintained.

[0018] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel has a waterproof hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. The waterproof hydraulic pump is fixed on the guide rail, and the waterproof hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are hydraulically connected. The hydraulic motor is drivingly connected with the gear. The use of the hydraulic motor solves the electric leakage problem of the traditional electric drive in a humid environment.

[0019] The freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel has a waterproof hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. The waterproof hydraulic pump is fixed on the guide rail, and the waterproof hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are hydraulically connected. The hydraulic motor is drivingly connected with the gear. The use of the hydraulic motor solves the electric leakage problem of the traditional electric drive in a humid environment.

[0020] A drainage tunnel liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction method uses the freezing device described above. During construction, the freezing part is placed in the tunnel to be constructed when the freezing device is in a folded state. Then, the freezing device is converted from the folded state to the unfolded state. Finally, liquid nitrogen is continuously filled into the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe until the water in the tunnel to be constructed is frozen.

[0021] The drainage tunnel liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction method adjusts the sliding distance of the right fan freezing pipe relative to the left fan freezing pipe along the length direction of the guide rail when the freezing device is converted from the folded state to the unfolded state. The unfolding degree of the freezing device is adjusted to be suitable for the inner diameter of the tunnel to be constructed. The adjustment of the unfolding degree by adjusting the sliding distance of the right fan can adapt the freezing device to tunnels with different inner diameters. This design breaks through the limitation of traditional equipment specifications and realizes "one machine for multiple uses". The flexible unfolding adjustment mechanism reduces the demand for equipment models, reduces construction costs, and improves the adaptability to different working conditions.

[0022] The technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The application provides a freezing device for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel, the arrangement of the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe of the freezing device enables the freezing device to be folded, and the width of the folded freezing device is small, effectively reducing the inner diameter of the lowering channel required when the freezing device is lowered into the tunnel to be constructed; at the same time, the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe can be unfolded in the tunnel to be constructed by relying on the transmission of the gear and the guide rail, and the relative sliding between the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe of the freezing device occurs in the plane when the freezing device is unfolded, avoiding the disturbance of the sewage in the tunnel to be constructed by the book page type unfolding, resulting in the decline of the freezing effect. The unfolding degree of the freezing device provided in the application can be adjusted, so that the freezing device can adapt to tunnels to be constructed with different inner diameters, and the freezing range of the freezing device can be adapted to the section size of the tunnel in a targeted manner, improving the sealing performance and water sealing effect of the freezing area. Alternatively, the freezing device can use a design of double guide rails and multiple gears to disperse the transmission load and synchronously drive the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe, achieving smooth unfolding and folding of the left fan freezing pipe and the right fan freezing pipe; and the freezing device uses a waterproof hydraulic pump as a power source, has high transmission efficiency and strong adaptability, and can work stably in a humid environment, ensuring the normal operation of the freezing device. The freezing device provided in the application is easy to operate and has high structural stability and reliability.

[0024] 2. The freezing device and the construction method provided in the application can flexibly adapt to tunnels with different inner diameters, meeting the liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction requirements in different tunnel scenes. By rapidly unfolding and folding the freezing device, a reliable ice plugging barrier can be formed in a short time, ensuring the safety and dryness of the construction environment in the tunnel. The freezing device and the construction method provided in the application are easy to operate and do not require complex equipment and processes, reducing the construction difficulty and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The right fan freezing pipe front view structure schematic diagram in the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0026] Figure 2 The left fan freezing pipe front view structure schematic diagram in the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0027] Figure 3 The front view of the freezing device in the embodiment 1 of the application in the folded state;

[0028] Figure 4 The top view of the freezing device in the embodiment 1 of the application in the process of converting from the folded state to the unfolded state;

[0029] Figure 5 The position relationship schematic diagram of the guide rail and the driving mechanism when the freezing device in the embodiment 1 of the application is in the folded state;

[0030] Figure 6 The left fan guide rail side view in the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0031] Figure 7 Right fan guide rail bottom view in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 Right fan guide rail front view in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 Right fan guide rail side view in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 Front view of the freezer in the embodiment 1 of the present application during the mutual conversion between the folded state and the unfolded state;

[0035] Figure 11 Structure schematic diagram of the left fan freezing tube and the right fan freezing tube in the embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the freezer in the embodiment 4 in the unfolded state after being placed into the tunnel to be constructed;

[0037] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the position relationship between the guide rail and the gear and the waterproof hydraulic pump of the freezer in the embodiment 3 during the unfolding process.

[0038] The figure mark is shown as follows: 1-left fan freezing tube; 101-left fan liquid inlet; 102-left fan gas outlet; 103-left fan liquid inlet part; 104-left fan freezing part; 105-left fan gas outlet part; 2-right fan freezing tube; 201-right fan liquid inlet; 202-right fan gas outlet; 203-right fan liquid inlet part; 204-right fan freezing part; 205-right fan gas outlet part; 3-left fan guide rail; 4-right fan guide rail; 5-tooth; 6-gear; 7-waterproof hydraulic pump; 8-hydraulic motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] In the embodiment, a freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel is provided. The freezer comprises the following structures:

[0041] 1, freezer main body

[0042] The freezer main body comprises a left fan freezing tube 1 and a right fan freezing tube 2. Both of them comprise a liquid inlet part, a disc-shaped freezing part and a gas outlet part, and the structure, shape and size between the two are completely the same.

[0043] As Figure 1The right fan freezing pipe 2 is shown. The right fan freezing pipe 2 is a curved single pipe. The two pipe openings of the right fan freezing pipe 2 are the right fan liquid inlet 201 and the right fan air outlet 202. The right fan freezing pipe 2 includes a right fan liquid inlet 203, a right fan freezing part 204 and a right fan air outlet 205 connected in sequence. The overall shape of the right fan freezing pipe 2 is a "b" shape. The lower part of the "b" shape is a semi-disc-shaped freezing part (i.e., the right fan freezing part 204), and the upper part is the right fan liquid inlet 203 and the right fan air outlet 205 arranged in parallel. The right fan freezing part 204 is a coil, and the right fan liquid inlet 203 and the right fan air outlet 205 are both straight pipes. The right fan liquid inlet 201 and the right fan air outlet 202 are respectively located at the end of the right fan liquid inlet 203 and the end of the right fan air outlet 205, that is, the top of the "b" shape.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the left fan freezing pipe 1 is also a single curved pipe, and the two pipe openings of the left fan freezing pipe 1 are respectively the left fan liquid inlet 101 and the left fan air outlet 102. The left fan freezing pipe 1 includes a left fan liquid inlet 103, a left fan freezing part 104 and a left fan air outlet 105 connected in sequence. The left fan liquid inlet 101 and the left fan air outlet 102 are respectively arranged at the ends of the left fan liquid inlet 103 and the left fan air outlet 105. The overall shape of the left fan freezing pipe 1 is also "b"-shaped.

[0045] The outer walls of the left liquid inlet portion 103 , the left air outlet portion 105 , the right liquid inlet portion 203 , and the right air outlet portion 205 are all wrapped with a heat insulation layer.

[0046] The left fan liquid inlet 101, the left fan air outlet 102, the right fan liquid inlet 201 and the right fan air outlet 202 are all facing the same direction, the left fan freezing part 104 and the right fan freezing part 204 are partially overlapped, and the disk surface of the left fan freezing part 104 and the disk surface of the right fan freezing part 204 are parallel to each other, and the curved side of the semicircle of the left fan freezing part 104 is opposite to the curved side of the semicircle of the right fan freezing part 204, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The diagram shows the positions of the left and right fan freezing pipes in the freezer in the folded state. Figure 12 Figure 2 shows the positions of the left and right sash freezing pipes in the expanded freezer. When the freezer is expanded, the orthographic projections of the left and right sash freezing pipes are symmetrical.

[0047] In the pipe constituting the frozen part, the distance between the outer walls of adjacent pipes should be kept consistent, and the spacing between the outer walls of adjacent pipes should not be too large, and the maximum cannot be more than twice the thickness of the frozen wall developed outside the pipe, otherwise the frozen part will not form a seamless "ice tray" and cannot play a water blocking effect. The shape and radius of the left and right fan frozen parts can be flexibly adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape and diameter of the tunnel to be constructed, but when adjusting the radius, the situation after the freezer is arranged to the tunnel to be constructed also needs to be considered, that is, when the freezer is unfolded, the spacing between the semicircular curved edges of the left and right fan frozen parts and the inner wall of the tunnel to be constructed should be less than or equal to the thickness of the frozen wall developed outside the pipe at the semicircular curved edge.

[0048] 2. Guide rail

[0049] In this embodiment, the guide rail includes a left fan guide rail 3 and a right fan guide rail 4. The left fan guide rail 3 is fixedly installed on one disc surface of the left fan frozen part 104, and the right fan guide rail 4 is installed on one disc surface of the right fan frozen part 204; when the freezer is in the folded state, the disc surface of the left fan guide rail 3 installed on the left fan frozen part 104 is opposite to the disc surface of the right fan guide rail 4 installed on the right fan frozen part 204.

[0050] As Figure 5 shown is the position relationship diagram of the right fan guide rail 4 and the right fan guide rail 4 when the freezer is in the folded state. In this embodiment, the only difference between the left fan guide rail and the right fan guide rail is that the surface has or does not have teeth 5, and the rest of the size, structure, etc. are completely the same.

[0051] The right fan guide rail 4 will be further described below as an example.

[0052] The right fan guide rail 4 is groove-shaped, and the cross section as a whole is J-shaped, that is, the right fan guide rail 4 is approximately a J-shaped groove, and the teeth 5 are arranged on the inner bottom wall of the J-shaped groove, and the two side walls of the J shape play a limiting role for the gear.

[0053] As Figure 7 shown is the bottom view of the right fan guide rail 4. As can be seen from the figure, the teeth 5 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the right fan guide rail 4; on the right fan guide rail 4, the extension direction of the tooth groove between the adjacent two teeth 5 is perpendicular to the length direction of the right fan guide rail 4.

[0054] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 are the front view and side view of the right fan guide rail 4, respectively. Figure 6 As

[0055] As Figure 5As shown, in the freezer provided in this embodiment, the surface of the right fan guide rail 4 on which the teeth 5 are provided (i.e., the inner bottom wall of the J-shaped groove) faces downward, and the groove bottom of the left fan guide rail 3 (i.e., the inner bottom wall of the J-shaped groove) faces upward, that is, the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail 4 is opposite to the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail 3. The left fan guide rail 3 and the right fan guide rail 4 are arranged in parallel.

[0056] 3. Driving mechanism

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a gear 6, a waterproof hydraulic pump 7 and a hydraulic motor 8, wherein the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 is fixed below the left fan guide rail 3, the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic motor 8 are hydraulically connected, the hydraulic motor 8 and the gear 6 are drivingly connected, and the hydraulic motor 8 is fixed on the left fan guide rail 3. The rotating shaft of the gear is perpendicular to the length direction of the left fan guide rail 3, and is also perpendicular to the disk surface of the left fan freezing part 104 and the disk surface of the right fan freezing part 204. The gear 6 is located between the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail 4 and the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail 3, and the gear 6 is meshed with the teeth 5 on the right fan guide rail 4, that is, a transmission pair is formed between the gear and the right fan guide rail 4. The left fan guide rail 3 and the right fan guide rail 4 are both J-shaped grooves, and the grooves are opposite to each other, which together play a limiting role on the gear 6 located in the J-shaped groove. At the same time, under the action of the gravity of the right fan freezing pipe 2, the right fan guide rail 4 presses the gear 6 downward, so that the gear 6 is closely engaged with the teeth 5 on the right fan guide rail 4.

[0058] like Figure 4 FIG1 is a top view of the freezer in this embodiment during the process of converting from a folded state to an unfolded state. The leftmost side of the figure is a top view of the freezer in this embodiment in the folded state. Figure 10 It is a front view of the freezer in this embodiment during the conversion process between the folded state and the unfolded state.

[0059] like Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, when the freezer is in the folded state, the gear 6 remains stationary, and the left fan freezing portion 104 and the right fan freezing portion 204 partially overlap. Figure 4 and Figure 10 The process from left to right in the figure represents the process of the freezer being transformed from a folded state to an unfolded state. During this process, the hydraulic motor 8 drives the gear 6 to rotate clockwise, and the gear 6 drives the right fan freezing pipe 2 along the length direction of the right fan guide rail 4 through the right fan guide rail 4 to move to the right in the figure. Figure 10The process from right to left in the figure represents the process of the freezer converting from the deployed state to the folded state. During this process, the hydraulic motor 8 drives the gear 6 to rotate counterclockwise, and the gear 6 drives the right fan freezing pipe 2 to move to the left in the figure along the length direction of the right fan guide rail 4. In other words, when the gear rotates, the right fan freezing pipe 2 slides relative to the left fan freezing pipe 1 along the length direction of the guide rail, and the freezer converts from the folded state to the deployed state, or vice versa.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the freezer is deployed in the tunnel to be constructed, the movement range of the left and right freezing pipes 1 and 2 is entirely within a single tunnel cross-section, causing primarily planar disturbances to the sewage within the tunnel. Other deployment methods, such as book-like opening and closing, may produce hemispherical or other large-scale disturbances. This deployment method of the freezer in this embodiment helps minimize disturbances to the sewage within the tunnel and facilitates precise positioning of the freezer within the sewage.

[0061] In this embodiment, the left fan guide rail is not provided with teeth, and the hydraulic motor is mounted on the left fan guide rail. When the gear drives the right fan guide rail to move, the left fan guide rail can provide a certain degree of support for the right fan guide rail, which is conducive to the smooth deployment of the freezer. In other embodiments, only one guide rail, such as the right fan guide rail 4, can be used, and the hydraulic motor 8 can be mounted on the left fan freezing part, and the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 can be mounted on the right fan guide rail 4. In this case, the hydraulic pipeline between the hydraulic motor 8 and the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 for performing the hydraulic transmission function is a flexible pipeline, which can adapt to the working conditions where the distance between the hydraulic motor and the waterproof hydraulic pump continuously changes when the freezer switches between the folded and deployed states.

[0062] Alternatively, you can also Figure 5 On the basis of the structure shown, teeth 5 are added to the bottom of the groove of the left fan guide rail 3, and a fixing device for fixing the hydraulic motor 8 is added. This fixing device is independent of the freezer and fixes the relative position of the hydraulic motor 8 and the tunnel maintenance shaft. In the folded state, the gear 6 and the teeth of the left fan guide rail 3, as well as the gear 6 and the teeth of the right fan guide rail 4, are all engaged with each other. When the hydraulic motor 8 drives the gear 6 to rotate clockwise, the left fan guide rail 3 drives the left fan freezer to move to the left in the figure until the teeth on the left fan guide rail 3 disengage from the gear 6; at this time, the gear 6 can still drive the right fan freezing pipe 2 to move to the right in the figure along the length direction of the right fan guide rail 4 through the right fan guide rail 4, and the freezer can still be deployed normally.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The freezing device provided in the embodiment is used for liquid nitrogen freezing water plugging construction in a tunnel. The freezing device in the embodiment is basically identical in structure to the freezing device in Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that, in the embodiment, the freezing portions of the left freezing pipe 1 and the right freezing pipe 2 are both rectangular disc-shaped; when the freezing device is in the folded state, the left freezing portion 104 and the right freezing portion 204 almost completely overlap together.

[0065] As shown in Figure 11 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the left freezing pipe 1 and the right freezing pipe 2 in the embodiment (at this time, the freezing device is in the process of being converted from the folded state to the unfolded state). The freezing device in the embodiment is suitable for a tunnel with a rectangular cross section. In other embodiments, the shape and size of the freezing portion can be adjusted according to the shape and cross-sectional area of the tunnel cross section.

[0066] The left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe in the freezing devices in Embodiment 1 and the embodiment are both symmetrically arranged (referring to the front projection of the left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe being symmetrical to each other when the freezing device is completely unfolded), and when the freezing device is in the unfolded state, the left liquid inlet portion, the left gas outlet portion, the right liquid inlet portion, and the right gas outlet portion are all close to the center line of the freezing device, and when the freezing device is in the folded state, the spacing between the left liquid inlet portion (the left gas outlet portion) and the right liquid inlet portion (the right gas outlet portion) reaches the maximum. The reason for this design is that the tunnel maintenance well is generally located directly above the center line of the tunnel, and the diameter of the tunnel maintenance well used for lowering the freezing device is smaller than the diameter of the tunnel, so the freezing device is usually lowered in the folded state; when the liquid inlet portion and the gas outlet portion are arranged as much as possible on one side of the freezing pipe, and the left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe are stacked in mirror image symmetry, as long as the freezing device in the folded state can be lowered in the tunnel maintenance well with a smaller diameter, then when the freezing device is unfolded, the spacing between the left liquid inlet portion (the left gas outlet portion) and the right liquid inlet portion (the right gas outlet portion) is gradually reduced, and it is inevitable that the movement of the liquid inlet portion and the gas outlet portion will be limited by the tunnel maintenance well, resulting in the problem that the freezing device cannot be completely unfolded.

[0067] In other embodiments, the left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe in the embodiment can also be arranged in the same direction, and in this case, the left freezing portion and the right freezing portion will completely coincide when the freezing device is in the folded state. When the left freezing pipe and the right freezing pipe are arranged in the same direction, as long as it does not affect the lowering (from the ground to the tunnel to be constructed) and unfolding of the freezing device, it is acceptable.

[0068] It should be noted that the left fan freezing pipe 1 and the right fan freezing pipe 2 in Examples 1 and 2 can be made by sequentially connecting and welding multiple pipes into a single pipe, or by bending a single pipe. When multiple pipes are sequentially connected and welded into a single pipe, only the inner and outer couplings need to be welded, which facilitates on-site splicing and installation. At the same time, the liquid inlet and gas outlet can be flexibly lengthened according to the distance from the ground to the tunnel.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] The freezer in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of the freezer in Example 1. Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, teeth 5 are provided on the bottom of the groove of the left fan guide rail 3 and the bottom of the groove of the right fan guide rail 4, and two gears 6 are added. Each gear is driven by a hydraulic motor 8. The three gears are arranged along the length direction of the guide rails, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 The hydraulic motors 8 are all fixedly mounted on a fixing device independent of the freezer.

[0071] In this embodiment, multiple gears are provided along the length direction of the guide rail, which is more conducive to maintaining structural stability during the expansion of the freezer.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] In this embodiment, the freezer in Example 1 is used to carry out liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a drainage tunnel. During construction, the freezer in a folded state is lowered from the ground to the tunnel to be constructed, and it is ensured that both the left fan freezing part 104 and the right fan freezing part 204 enter the tunnel to be constructed. Then, the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic motor 8 are started to rotate the gear 6, so that the freezer is transformed from the folded state to the unfolded state. Figure 12 Shown is the freezer in its deployed position in a tunnel awaiting construction.

[0074] After the freezer is deployed, liquid nitrogen is poured into the left and right freezing pipes 1 and 2 through the left and right fan liquid inlets 101 and 201, respectively. The liquid nitrogen vaporizes after exchanging heat with the water in the tunnel to be constructed at the left and right fan freezing sections 104 and 204. The nitrogen is then discharged through the left and right fan outlets 102 and 202, gradually freezing the water in the tunnel. Continuous injection of liquid nitrogen keeps the water in the tunnel frozen.

[0075] When it is necessary to withdraw the freezer from the tunnel to be constructed, the injection of liquid nitrogen is stopped to allow the water in the tunnel to thaw naturally, and then the waterproof hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic motor 8 are started again to rotate the gear 6, and the freezer is converted from the unfolded state to the folded state to facilitate the withdrawal of the freezer from the tunnel to be constructed.

[0076] When the freezing device is converted from the folded state to the unfolded state, the right fan freezing tube 2 slides relative to the left fan freezing tube 1 along the length direction of the guide rail, at this time, the unfolding degree of the freezing device can be adjusted by adjusting the sliding distance of the right fan freezing tube 2 relative to the left fan freezing tube 1 along the length direction of the guide rail, so that the freezing device is adapted to tunnels with different inner diameters.

[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments are not required to be exhausted, and the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the patent application claims.

Claims

1. A freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in tunnels, characterized in that: The freezer comprises a freezer body, a driving mechanism and a guide rail; the guide rail is fixedly mounted on the freezer body; the driving mechanism comprises a gear (6), the gear (6) and the teeth (5) provided on the guide rail mesh with each other to form a transmission pair; the freezer body comprises a left fan freezing pipe (1) and a right fan freezing pipe (2); the left fan freezing pipe (1) and the right fan freezing pipe (2) both comprise a disc-shaped freezing portion; When the freezer is in a folded state, the gear (6) remains stationary, and the frozen portion of the left fan freezing pipe (1) and the frozen portion of the right fan freezing pipe (2) at least partially overlap each other; when the gear (6) rotates, the right fan freezing pipe (2) slides relative to the left fan freezing pipe (1) along the length direction of the guide rail, and the freezer is converted from a folded state to an unfolded state, or from an unfolded state to a folded state.

2. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left fan freezing pipe (1) and the right fan freezing pipe (2) are both single pipes, and the left fan freezing pipe (1) and the right fan freezing pipe (2) further include a liquid inlet portion and a gas outlet portion, respectively; wherein: The two pipe openings of the left fan freezing pipe (1) are respectively a left fan liquid inlet (101) and a left fan air outlet (102); the left fan freezing pipe (1) comprises a left fan liquid inlet portion (103), a left fan freezing portion (104) and a left fan air outlet portion (105) which are connected in sequence; The two pipe openings of the right fan freezing pipe (2) are respectively a right fan liquid inlet (201) and a right fan air outlet (202); the right fan freezing pipe (2) comprises a right fan liquid inlet (203), a right fan freezing part (204) and a right fan air outlet (205) which are connected in sequence; The shape and size of the right fan freezing pipe (2) are the same as those of the left fan freezing pipe (1).

3. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left fan freezing tube (1) and the right fan freezing tube (2) are both "b"-shaped, the lower part of the "b"-shaped freezing part is a semi-disc-shaped freezing part, and the upper part is a straight tube-shaped liquid inlet part and the air outlet part; the left fan liquid inlet part (103), the left fan air outlet part (105), the right fan liquid inlet part (203) and the right fan air outlet part (205) are parallel to each other, and the left fan liquid inlet (101), the left fan air outlet (102), the right fan liquid inlet (201) and the right fan air outlet (202) are all facing the same direction; the disk surface of the left fan freezing part (104) and the disk surface of the right fan freezing part (204) are parallel to each other, and the curved side of the semicircle of the left fan freezing part (104) is in the opposite direction to the curved side of the semicircle of the right fan freezing part (204).

4. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rail is groove-shaped and fixedly mounted on the disk surface of the freezing portion and arranged perpendicularly to the air outlet portion; the number of the guide rails is one or two, and the teeth (5) are arranged on the inner bottom wall of at least one of the guide rails; the teeth (5) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the guide rail, and the extension direction of the tooth groove between two adjacent teeth (5) is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail; The rotation axis of the gear (6) is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail, and the rotation axis of the gear (6) is perpendicular to the disk surface of the left fan freezing part (104) and the disk surface of the right fan freezing part (204).

5. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two guide rails, including a left fan guide rail (3) and a right fan guide rail (4); the cross-sections of the left fan guide rail (3) and the right fan guide rail (4) are both J-shaped, and the teeth (5) are provided on the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail (3) and the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail (4); the left fan guide rail (3) and the right fan guide rail (4) are the same in shape and size; the left fan guide rail (3) is fixedly mounted on a disk surface of the left fan freezing part (104) The right fan guide rail (4) is installed on a disk of the right fan freezing part (204), and the disk of the left fan freezing part (104) on which the left fan guide rail (3) is installed is opposite to the disk of the right fan freezing part (204) on which the right fan guide rail (4) is installed, the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail (4) is opposite to the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail (3), and the gear (6) is located between the inner bottom wall of the right fan guide rail (4) and the inner bottom wall of the left fan guide rail (3).

6. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are multiple gears (6), and the multiple gears (6) are arranged along the length direction of the guide rail.

7. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism further comprises a waterproof hydraulic pump (7) and a hydraulic motor (8), wherein the waterproof hydraulic pump (7) is fixed on the guide rail, the waterproof hydraulic pump (7) and the hydraulic motor (8) are hydraulically connected, and the hydraulic motor (8) is drivingly connected to the gear (6).

8. The freezer for liquid nitrogen freezing and water blocking construction in a tunnel according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The outer walls of the left liquid fan-in portion (103), the left air fan-out portion (105), the right liquid fan-in portion (203) and the right air fan-out portion (205) are all wrapped with a heat insulation layer.

9. A drainage tunnel liquid nitrogen freezing water blocking construction method, characterized in that: The freezer as claimed in claim 1 is used for construction; during construction, the freezer is in a folded state, the freezing part is placed in the tunnel to be constructed, and then the freezer is converted from the folded state to the unfolded state, and finally liquid nitrogen is continuously poured into the left-sector freezing pipe (1) and the right-sector freezing pipe (2) until the water in the tunnel to be constructed is frozen.

10. The drainage tunnel liquid nitrogen freezing water blocking construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the freezer is converted from a folded state to an unfolded state, the unfolding degree of the freezer is adjusted to be compatible with the inner diameter of the tunnel to be constructed by adjusting the sliding distance of the right-sash freezing pipe (2) relative to the left-sash freezing pipe (1) along the length direction of the guide rail.

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