Tide simulation experiment device, hydrological parameter determination method, equipment and program product

Abstract

The invention provides a tide simulation experiment device, a hydrological parameter determination method, equipment and a program product, and the experiment device comprises a sand tank container which is provided with a main cavity, and the main cavity is used for filling a seabed sediment sample and in-situ seawater; the first container is arranged at the upper part of the sand tank container and is provided with a first cavity, and the first cavity is communicated with the main cavity; the first monitor is arranged in the first cavity and used for monitoring the water level change of the free water surface; the second container is arranged at the bottom of the sand tank container and is provided with a second cavity, and the second cavity is communicated with the main cavity; the second monitor is arranged in the second cavity and used for monitoring pore water head fluctuation response; the tide simulation device is used for adjusting the water level of the seabed sediment sample in the main cavity. The tidal simulation experiment device can restore the tidal water head disturbance process under the controlled condition and monitor sediment pore water response and the water level of the free water surface under the tidal effect, so that key hydrological data can be obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of marine hydrogeological measurement, and more particularly to a tidal simulation experiment device, a hydrological parameter measurement method, equipment and a program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The periodic rise and fall of sea tides in the intertidal zone and offshore areas cause continuous disturbance to shallow sediments, resulting in water head fluctuations and pressure responses of pore water. This process has important influence on nearshore groundwater discharge, water-salt transport, pollutant diffusion, etc. Studying the response capacity of sediments to tidal disturbance, especially the tidal load coefficient and water storage rate, etc. parameters, helps to deeply understand the coupling relationship between the hydrodynamic process in marine sediments and the ecological environment.

[0003] Currently, the study of these parameters mainly relies on field observation and theoretical derivation. Field observation is often limited by the complex and changeable marine environment, poor device stability, strong signal interference and other problems, making it difficult to achieve high-precision, long-time continuous monitoring. While the theoretical model is limited by parameter setting and boundary conditions, and it is difficult to fully reflect the nonlinear response behavior of sediments. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a tidal simulation experiment device, a hydrological parameter measurement method, equipment and a program product, to solve the technical problem that some hydrogeological parameters are difficult to obtain under current marine environmental conditions in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a tidal simulation experiment device, comprising:

[0006] The sand tank container has a main cavity for loading marine sediment samples and in-situ seawater.

[0007] The first container is arranged at the upper part of the sand tank container and has a first cavity which is in communication with the main cavity.

[0008] The first monitoring instrument is arranged in the first cavity and is used for monitoring the water level change of the free water surface.

[0009] The second container is arranged at the bottom of the sand tank container and has a second cavity which is in communication with the main cavity.

[0010] The second monitoring instrument is arranged in the second cavity and is used for monitoring the pore water head fluctuation response.

[0011] The tidal simulation device is used for adjusting the water level of the marine sediment sample in the main cavity.

[0012] As an optional implementation of the first aspect, the tidal simulation device comprises:

[0013] a first saltwater tank arranged at an upper portion of the sand tank container, having a third cavity, and the third cavity is in communication with the main cavity,

[0014] a second saltwater tank having a fourth cavity, and the fourth cavity is in communication with the third cavity through a first conduit and a second conduit arranged between the second saltwater tank and the first saltwater tank;

[0015] a first peristaltic pump arranged on the first conduit, for injecting seawater in the fourth cavity into the third cavity;

[0016] a second peristaltic pump arranged on the second conduit, for pumping seawater in the third cavity to the fourth cavity.

[0017] As an optional implementation of the first aspect, a sealing cover is arranged on each of the sand tank container, the first container, the second container, the first saltwater tank and the second saltwater tank.

[0018] As an optional implementation of the first aspect, further comprising: a filtering assembly arranged at a bottom portion of the sand tank container, for preventing the seabed sediment sample from entering the second cavity.

[0019] As an optional implementation of the first aspect, a third conduit is arranged between the second container and the sand tank container; and the filtering assembly is in a strip-shaped structure adapted to an inner diameter of the third conduit.

[0020] In a second aspect, a hydrological parameter determination method is provided, which is applied to the tidal simulation experiment device of any one of the first aspect, and the sand tank container is filled with the seabed sediment sample and in-situ seawater, and the determination method comprises:

[0021] controlling the first peristaltic pump and the second peristaltic pump to alternately run a single cycle for multiple tidal cycles; one tidal cycle is formed by one single cycle of the first peristaltic pump and one single cycle of the second peristaltic pump;

[0022] acquiring free water level change data and pore water head fluctuation response data collected by the first monitoring instrument and the second monitoring instrument at a preset frequency within at least one tidal cycle;

[0023] determining an amplitude ratio and a phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water according to the free water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data;

[0024] obtaining the aquifer thickness and the permeability coefficient of the seabed sediment sample in the sand tank container;

[0025] determining a tidal load coefficient and a water storage rate according to the amplitude ratio, the phase difference, the aquifer thickness, the permeability coefficient and the tidal period.

[0026] As an optional implementation of the second aspect, the determining the amplitude ratio and the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water according to the free water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data comprises:

[0027] obtaining a free water level change curve according to the free water level change data;

[0028] obtaining a pore water head fluctuation response curve according to the pore water head fluctuation response data;

[0029] determining the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water fluctuation according to the free water level change curve and the pore water head fluctuation response curve;

[0030] determining the amplitude ratio of the free water surface and the bottom pore water according to the amplitude of the free water level change curve and the amplitude of the pore water head fluctuation response curve.

[0031] As an optional implementation of the second aspect, the determining the tidal load coefficient and the water storage rate according to the amplitude ratio, the phase difference, the aquifer thickness, the permeability coefficient and the tidal period comprises:

[0032] the tidal load coefficient and the water storage rate are determined by the following formula:

[0033] A r = |T e +(1-T e )sech((1+i)a b )|

[0034]

[0035] wherein, the amplitude ratio A r =A2 / A1, A1 is the amplitude of the free water surface, A2 is the amplitude of the bottom pore water, the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water fluctuation, ω represents the angular velocity of oscillation, K is the aquifer permeability coefficient, b is the aquifer thickness, T e is the tidal load coefficient, S S is the water storage rate, sech is the hyperbolic secant function, and i is an imaginary number.

[0036] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method of any one of the second aspect when executing the computer program.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when executed on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the method of any one of the second aspect.

[0038] The tide simulation experiment device of the embodiment can restore the process of tidal water head disturbance under controlled conditions, and monitor the response of sediment pore water and the water level of free water surface under the action of tides, so as to obtain key hydrological data for solving the sea tide load coefficient and the water storage rate. The tide simulation experiment device effectively solves the technical bottleneck that some hydrogeological parameters are difficult to obtain under current marine environmental conditions, and constructs an experimental device with controllability and repeatability, which can be used to support the quantitative analysis and parameterization research of submarine groundwater dynamic process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the tide simulation experiment device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 2 The flowchart of the hydrological parameter determination method of the tide provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 3 The interface of the sea tide load coefficient and water storage rate solver provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0043] In the figure, various reference signs are as follows:

[0044] 1 - sand tank container, 101 - main cavity, 102 - first cover, 103 - drain valve, 2 - first container, 201 - first cavity, 202 - second cover, 3 - second container, 301 - second cavity, 302 - third cover, 4 - first monitor, 5 - second monitor, 6 - filter screen, 7 - first salt water tank, 701 - third cavity, 702 - fourth cover, 8 - second salt water tank, 801 - fourth cavity, 802 - fifth cover, 9 - first peristaltic pump, 10 - second peristaltic pump, 11 - sediment, 12 - first conduit, 13 - second conduit, 14 - third conduit, 15 - fourth conduit, 16 - in situ seawater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, the technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two).

[0047] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through a solid line that can transmit electrical signals such as copper foil or wire of a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated thereby must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated thereby. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0053] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily a separate or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined in any suitable manner with other embodiments.

[0054] Noun explanation:

[0055] Tidal load factor: is a parameter reflecting the relationship between the external pressure (load) generated by the periodic fluctuation of the tide and the response of the internal pore water pressure of the sediment, which essentially describes the transmission efficiency of the tidal load to the sediment pore water.

[0056] Water storage rate: is a parameter describing the ability of sediment to store or release pore water when the water head changes, reflecting the sensitivity of sediment to pore water volume change.

[0057] Water head: is a core physical quantity describing the energy state of fluid, which can be understood as the total mechanical energy possessed by unit weight of fluid.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 The simulation experiment device based on the seabed sediment 11 sample provided by the embodiment of the application is described. The simulation experiment device comprises: a sand tank container 1 having a main cavity 101 for loading the seabed sediment 11 sample and in-situ seawater 16; a first container 2 arranged at the upper portion of the sand tank container 1 and having a first cavity 201 in communication with the main cavity 101; a first monitoring instrument 4 arranged in the first cavity 201 and used for monitoring the water level change of the free water surface; a second container 3 arranged at the bottom of the sand tank container 1 and having a second cavity 301 in communication with the main cavity 101; a second monitoring instrument 5 arranged in the second cavity 301 and used for monitoring the pore water head fluctuation response; and a tide simulation device used for adjusting the water level of the seabed sediment 11 sample in the main cavity 101. For example, the tide simulation device is used for periodically adjusting the water level of the seabed sediment 11 sample in the main cavity 101 according to a preset period.

[0059] Specifically, the sand tank container 1 has a main cavity 101 for loading the seabed sediment 11 sample and in-situ seawater 16, and the in-situ seawater 16 is the seawater collected from the place where the seabed sediment 11 sample is collected. After the seabed sediment 11 sample and the in-situ seawater 16 in the main cavity 101 are left to stand, they are divided into a sediment 11 filling area and a top free water layer area from bottom to top. For example, the sand tank container 1 can be in a cylindrical shape and can be made of transparent organic glass (PMMA) and has good corrosion resistance and pressure resistance. The height of the sand tank container 1 is 1.5 meters, the bottom diameter is 0.4 meters, and the wall thickness is about 8 millimeters.

[0060] The sand tank container 1 has an opening at the top, and the seabed sediment 11 sample can be placed into the main cavity 101 through the opening. A detachable first cover 102 is arranged on the sand tank container 1 and used for sealing the opening at the top of the sand tank container 1 and preventing the experimental high-salinity water body from volatilizing, being contaminated or leaking during operation. An exhaust hole is reserved in the middle of the first cover 102 to facilitate air pressure adjustment. The first cover 102 can be made of organic glass (PMMA) material and has a thickness of 10 mm. The outer diameter of the first cover 102 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the opening at the top of the sand tank container 1, and a high-elasticity silicone rubber sealing ring is arranged at the edge of the first cover 102. The first cover 102 is tightly combined with the sand tank container 1 through an external pressure type knob design to improve the sealing performance.

[0061] A drain valve 103 is arranged at the bottom of the sand tank container 1 and used for discharging the seabed sediment 11 sample and sampling from the bottom of the sand tank container 1. For example, the drain valve 103 is a straight-through PVC material ball valve with an inner diameter of 10 millimeters and strong corrosion resistance and is suitable for the experimental water body containing salt. The drain port is in communication with the bottom of the main cavity 101 through a short pipe, so that the bottom water body can be smoothly discharged under the condition of no disturbance.

[0062] Specifically, the first container 2 can be connected with the sand tank container 1 through a horizontal conduit, the first container 2 has a first cavity 201, and the first cavity 201 is communicated with the main cavity 101 through the horizontal conduit. For example, the first container 2 is arranged at a position about 1.3 meters away from the bottom of the sand tank container 1. The first container 2 can adopt a rectangular transparent columnar structure, has an inner diameter of about 10 cm, a height of 15 cm, and is provided with a detachable second cover 202 at the top. A set of monitoring instruments capable of monitoring water level changes in real time are fixedly installed in the first cavity 201, which are used for continuously recording the dynamic changes of the free water surface with the input of tides. The design of the first container 2 can realize synchronous linkage with the water level of the main cavity 101, facilitate non-contact water level observation, and ensure measurement accuracy.

[0063] The monitoring instrument can be a Diver monitoring instrument, which has a length of about 12 cm, has high resolution (±0.1 cm) and high frequency recording capability (interval can be set to 1-360 seconds), can realize dynamic capture of amplitude attenuation and phase delay characteristics in the propagation process of water head disturbance, and is used for subsequent parameter calculation and analysis.

[0064] The second container 3 is arranged at the bottom position of the sand tank container 1, and the structure size of the second container 3 can be consistent with that of the first container 2. The second container 3 can be connected with the sand tank container 1 through a horizontally arranged first conduit 12, the second container 3 has a second cavity 301, and the second cavity 301 is communicated with the main cavity 101 through the first conduit 12. The second cavity 301 is also provided with a Diver monitoring instrument, which can be used for recording the fluctuation response process of the bottom pore water pressure of the sediment 11. The third cover 302 is arranged at the top of the second container 3, which is convenient for equipment replacement and sealing operation.

[0065] A water inlet hole with a diameter of 2 cm is arranged on the detachable second cover 202 and the third cover 302, which is used for seawater injection and seawater extraction, and the water inlet hole can be sealed by a sealing plug. The seawater injection is to prevent air from existing at the top of the first container 2 and the second container 3 after the seabed sediment 11 sample is loaded into the sand tank container 1; and the seawater extraction is to prevent residual seawater from existing at the bottom of the first container 2 and the second container 3 after the experiment is completed. The second cover 202 and the third cover 302 are made of transparent organic glass (PMMA), which is provided with threads and is embedded with a silica gel sealing ring at the edge, so that the first container 2 and the second container 3 are completely sealed and have no leakage during the experiment.

[0066] By setting the first container 2 on the upper part of the sand tank container 1, the second container 3 on the bottom part, and placing the first monitoring instrument 4 in the first container 2 and the second monitoring instrument 5 in the second container 3, non-contact monitoring is realized, the problem of disturbance to the original structure caused by directly inserting the monitoring instrument into the sediment 11 is effectively avoided, and the data stability and measurement accuracy are improved. The layered arrangement scheme can clearly reflect the propagation process of the tidal head signal in the sediment 11, including phase lag, amplitude attenuation, and nonlinear response characteristics, and is an important support means for inverting the sea tide load coefficient and the water storage rate and other parameters.

[0067] The tidal simulation device acts on the free water layer region and can drive the free water layer to periodically rise and fall, thereby simulating the tidal process.

[0068] The simulation experiment device of the embodiment can reproduce the tidal head disturbance process under controlled conditions and monitor the response of the sediment 11 pore water and the water level of the free water surface under the action of the tide, thereby obtaining key data for solving the sea tide load coefficient and the water storage rate. The simulation experiment device of the embodiment effectively solves the technical bottleneck that some hydrogeological parameters are difficult to obtain under the current marine environment conditions, and constructs an experimental device with controllability and repeatability, which can be used to support the quantitative analysis and parameterization research of the submarine groundwater dynamic process.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the tidal simulation device comprises: a first saltwater tank 7 arranged on the upper part of the sand tank container 1, having a third cavity 701, and the third cavity 701 is in communication with the main cavity 101; a second saltwater tank 8 having a fourth cavity 801, and the fourth cavity 801 is in communication with the third cavity 701 through the first conduit 12 and the second conduit 13 arranged between the second saltwater tank 8 and the first saltwater tank 7; a first peristaltic pump 9 arranged on the first conduit 12, used for injecting seawater in the fourth cavity 801 into the third cavity 701; and a second peristaltic pump 10 arranged on the second conduit 13, used for pumping seawater in the third cavity 701 to the fourth cavity 801.

[0070] The first brackish water tank 7 and the second brackish water tank 8 are different in division but interact with each other. The first brackish water tank 7 is connected with the upper water body of the sand tank container 1 through the fourth conduit 15, and is a "water level driven pool" simulating tidal disturbance. The water level change in the first brackish water tank 7 will directly affect the height change of the free water surface in the main cavity 101, so as to realize the reproduction of tidal rise and fall in the experiment. The second brackish water tank 8 is not directly connected with the main cavity, but is used as a power regulation source. The first peristaltic pump 9 and the second peristaltic pump 10 are used to periodically pump or supply water from the second brackish water tank 8 to the first brackish water tank 7, so that the water level in the first brackish water tank 7 produces a set fluctuation, and is naturally and synchronously conducted to the free water surface in the main cavity 101, so as to realize the simulation of sea tide rise and fall. The design avoids the disturbance risk caused by the peristaltic pump directly acting on the water body in the main cavity 101, so that the water level fluctuation process in the main cavity 101 is more stable, and the flow velocity is more gentle, which is beneficial to the original structure of the sediment 11 and the real record of the pore water response.

[0071] For example, the first brackish water tank 7 and the second brackish water tank 8 are both made of organic glass (PMMA) material, which has strong corrosion resistance and is suitable for high salinity experimental water body. The volume of each water tank is 20 liters. The first brackish water tank 7 is provided with a detachable fourth cover 702 at the top, and the second brackish water tank 8 is provided with a detachable fifth cover 802 at the top, which is used to seal the brackish water tank and prevent the experimental high salinity water body from evaporating, polluting or leaking during operation. The sealing cover is made of organic glass (PMMA) material with a thickness of about 8 mm. The outer edge is provided with a corrosion-resistant high-elasticity silicone sealing ring, which is tightly fitted with the upper opening of the brackish water tank by screwing and pressing. The fourth cover 702 and the fifth cover 802 are provided with a central exhaust hole for convenient pressure adjustment, and have good universality and maintenance convenience.

[0072] The first peristaltic pump 9 and the second peristaltic pump 10 are programmable peristaltic pumps. The programmable peristaltic pump supports custom flow output and cycle control. The flow control range is 0-300 mL / min, and the adjustment accuracy is better than ±1%. Through accurate control of the flow, different tidal waveforms, amplitudes, periods and running times of tidal elements can be set. The first conduit 12 and the second conduit 13 can be hoses made of rubber with an inner diameter of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm. The hose joint is a quick plug design, which is easy to install.

[0073] The embodiment builds an independent, buffered and stable tidal disturbance boundary control system through the first brackish water tank 7, the second brackish water tank 8 and the sand tank container 1, effectively avoiding the problems of uneven water level disturbance and violent flow field change caused by traditional direct water injection or liquid pumping and drainage, and realizing stable and controllable tidal simulation. The periodic control function of the programmable peristaltic pump can output stable, continuous and waveform controllable water head input signals, so that the liquid surface of the main cavity 101 presents a periodic oscillation in the form of real sea tide, and the accuracy and repeatability of the tidal simulation experiment are guaranteed.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the simulation experiment device of the embodiment further comprises a filtering assembly arranged at the bottom of the sand tank container 1 and used to prevent the seabed sediment 11 sample from entering the second cavity 301.

[0075] Specifically, the third conduit 14 is arranged between the second container 3 and the sand tank container 1, and the filtering assembly has a strip-shaped structure matched with the inner diameter of the third conduit 14.

[0076] The filtering assembly can prevent the sediment 11 from entering the second cavity 301 and disturbing the experimental results. The filtering assembly can be made of a 304 stainless steel wire mesh 6, has a strip-shaped structure, has a length consistent with the third conduit 14, about 10 cm, a width of about 1.5 cm, a thickness of about 2 mm, and a pore size of 0.1 mm. The filtering assembly is fixed in an embedded push-fit manner, so that the filtering assembly does not shift or curl under the impact of water flow. Compared with the traditional sheet-shaped port filter, the filtering assembly can ensure uniform water flow distribution, large filtering area, and small flow resistance, and is particularly suitable for continuous pore water pumping and sampling operations under simulated tidal disturbance conditions, while ensuring the stability of the sediment structure and the reliability of the device operation. If necessary, the wire mesh 6 can be pulled out for washing or replacement, and the structure is simple and convenient to maintain.

[0077] Referring to Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a hydrological parameter determination method based on a seabed sediment 11 sample. The method is based on the simulation experiment device described above, and the method comprises a pre-experiment preparation stage and an experiment stage.

[0078] The pre-experiment preparation stage is used for sediment 11 filling and system initialization. Specifically, before the experiment starts, in-situ seabed sediment 11 samples are collected in a typical intertidal zone or nearshore area. A stainless steel sampling cylinder or a PVC column sampler can be used as a sampling tool to maintain the original structure and water content of the sediment 11 as much as possible. After the sample is brought back to the laboratory, the first cover 102 at the top of the cylindrical sand tank container 1 is opened, the seabed sediment 11 sample is loaded into the sand tank container 1, and the total filling height can be selected as 1.0 m, and 0.5 m is reserved at the top as a free water layer.

[0079] After filling, the first container 2 and the second container 3 are respectively installed with the first monitor 4 and the second monitor 5 capable of measuring the water level. The first container 2 is located near the free water surface area, used to monitor the water level change of the free water surface in the main cavity 101. The second container 3 is located at the bottom of the sand tank container 1, used to monitor the fluctuation response signal of the bottom pore water head of the sediment 11. Before placing, the first monitor 4 and the second monitor 5 are started by computer and the monitoring frequency (5s once) is set. During installation, the first monitor 4 and the second monitor 5 are fixed at the bottom of the first container 2 and the second container 3 to avoid the influence of water pressure change on data quality. Then the first container 2 and the second container 3 are sealed and tightened with the third cover 302 and the fourth cover 702.

[0080] After preparation, seawater collected in situ is injected into the sand tank container 1, the first saltwater tank 7 and the second saltwater tank 8. To avoid disturbing the sediment 11, a water injection funnel or slow-flow water inlet can be used. The fourth conduit 15 is connected at one end to the lower part of the first saltwater tank 7 and at the other end to the water body at the upper part of the sand tank container 1, so that the main cavity 101 and the first saltwater tank 7 are in liquid level isohypse communication. Since the first conduit 12 and the second conduit 13 between the second saltwater tank 8 and the first saltwater tank 7 are clamped by the first peristaltic pump 9 and the second peristaltic pump 10, the liquid cannot flow naturally at this stage. After all the connections are completed, the device is left to stand for 10 minutes, and the liquid level is balanced. The first container 2 and the second container 3 are automatically filled without obvious bubbles, and the device is checked for no water leakage.

[0081] In the experimental stage, the determination method comprises steps S110-S140. The determination method can be applied to electronic devices such as computers and mobile phones with certain computing power.

[0082] S110: control the first peristaltic pump 9 and the second peristaltic pump 10 to alternately run a single cycle for multiple tidal cycles; one tidal cycle is formed by one single cycle of the first peristaltic pump 9 and one single cycle of the second peristaltic pump 10.

[0083] Specifically, after the device is stable as a whole, the first peristaltic pump 9 and the second peristaltic pump 10 are started, and the water flow exchange between the first salt water tank 7 and the second salt water tank 8 is controlled. One of the two peristaltic pumps pumps water, and the other one injects water. They are set to run alternately in a single cycle, that is, the first peristaltic pump 9 runs for one single cycle and stops for one single cycle. During the stop of the first peristaltic pump 9 for one single cycle, the second peristaltic pump 10 runs for one single cycle, forming a periodic supply and discharge alternation control. The pump body can be set to output flow (recommended 0-300 mL / min) and cycle length. By adjusting the flow and cycle, the water level in the first salt water tank 7 is simulated to present periodic changes of different amplitudes and frequencies. Since the first salt water tank 7 is in communication with the main cavity 101, the water level change will be synchronously transmitted to the free water surface in the sand tank container 1 in real time, forming the simulated tidal fluctuation in the main cavity 101.

[0084] Each experiment lasts for 20 complete tidal cycles. To avoid the influence of initial disturbance on the data, the first 5 cycles are not analyzed, which are regarded as the "pre-steady state stage". The last 5 cycles are also excluded. Finally, the data of the middle 10 continuous cycles are selected as the effective analysis interval to ensure the stability and representativeness of the data. During the entire experiment, the liquid level should be observed regularly to check whether there is water leakage at the interfaces of the conduits, and the water level in the main cavity 101 should be stable to avoid sudden drops.

[0085] S120: Obtain the free water surface water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data collected by the first monitor 4 and the second monitor 5 at a preset frequency within at least one tidal cycle.

[0086] Specifically, after the experiment is completed, the two programmable peristaltic pumps are first turned off, and then the drain valve 103 at the bottom of the sand tank container 1 is opened to completely drain the remaining seawater in the main cavity 101. After confirming that the water in the main cavity 101 is basically drained, the covers of the first container 2 and the second container 3 installed on one side of the sand tank container 1 are unscrewed, and the two Diver monitors are slowly taken out. The Diver monitors taken out are connected to a computer through the interface module provided by the original factory, and the complete time series of water head data is exported by calling the matching reading software.

[0087] S130: Determine the amplitude ratio and phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water according to the free water surface water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data.

[0088] According to the exported free water surface water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data, the amplitude ratio and the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water can be determined.

[0089] S140: Obtain the aquifer thickness and the permeability coefficient of the seabed sediment 11 sample in the sand tank container 1.

[0090] Specifically, the permeability coefficient can be obtained by a common drawdown test, which can be performed at the sampling point or in the laboratory. After obtaining the permeability coefficient, it is input into the computer.

[0091] The aquifer thickness is the thickness of the sediment 11. In this embodiment, the thickness of the sediment 11 is 1 m, and thus the aquifer thickness is 1 m. The aquifer thickness is also input into the computer.

[0092] S150: According to the amplitude ratio, the phase difference, the aquifer thickness, the permeability coefficient, and the tidal period, the sea tide load coefficient and the water storage rate are determined.

[0093] In this embodiment, the sea tide load coefficient and the water storage rate are solved by controlling two peristaltic pumps to simulate the tidal process alternately, and by obtaining the pore water head fluctuation response data and the free water level change data under the condition of tidal water level disturbance. An effective method for directly calculating these key hydrological parameters under laboratory conditions is provided, which fills the technical gap in related research.

[0094] As an optional implementation, S130 includes S131-S134.

[0095] S131: According to the free water level change data, a free water level change curve is obtained.

[0096] Specifically, based on the time series of the free water level change data, a free water level change curve can be drawn. The free water level change curve reflects the change of the free water level with time.

[0097] S132: According to the pore water head fluctuation response data, a pore water head fluctuation response curve is obtained.

[0098] Specifically, based on the time series of the pore water head fluctuation response data, a pore water head fluctuation response curve can be drawn. The pore water head fluctuation response curve reflects the change of the pore water head fluctuation response with time.

[0099] S133: According to the free water level change curve and the pore water head fluctuation response curve, the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water fluctuation is determined.

[0100] The phase difference reflects the time lag between the main frequency responses of the two curves, and can reflect the response lag characteristics of the sediment 11 pore water to the tidal water level fluctuation.

[0101] S134: According to the amplitude of the free water level change curve and the amplitude of the pore water head fluctuation response curve, the amplitude ratio of the free water surface and the bottom pore water is determined.

[0102] As an optional implementation, for S150, the embodiment develops a solver to calculate the tidal loading coefficient and the storage coefficient.

[0103] Based on the elastic aquifer theory, the one-dimensional groundwater wave mathematical model for the simulation experiment device is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] H(b,t)=H s (t)=Acos(ωt) (2)

[0106]

[0107] where z represents the spatial position in the vertical direction, H(b,t) represents the pressure head [L] at z=b at t. S S ,K and b represent the storage coefficient [L -1 ], the vertical permeability coefficient [LT -1 ], and the thickness of the aquifer [L], respectively. e T represents the tidal loading coefficient (dimensionless), H s (t) represents the tidal water head [L], A represents the amplitude of the tidal variation [L], and ω is the angular velocity (or frequency) of the tide [T -1 ]. The reference surface of the elevation is at the bottom of the aquifer.

[0108] Equation (1) shows that the groundwater level fluctuation in the seabed aquifer is directly affected by the tidal level change at the seabed boundary (see equation 2) and is affected by the elastic compression and expansion of the aquifer caused by the tidal load (the process is related to the tidal efficiency). Equation (3) gives the no-flow boundary condition of the impermeable interface at the bottom of the aquifer. The analytical solution of equations (1)-(3) is as follows:

[0109] H(z,t)=ARe{e iωt [T e +(1-T e )sech((1+i)ab)cosh((1+i)az)]},0<z<b (4)

[0110] where Re represents the real part of the complex number in the parentheses, cosh is the hyperbolic cosine function, sech is the hyperbolic secant function, i represents the imaginary unit (i 2 =-1), and when z=0, equation (4) can be further simplified as:

[0111] H(z=0,t)=ARe{e iωt [T e +(1-T esech((1 + i)a b )]} (5)

[0112] Using the data collected by two Diver monitors, the tidal fluctuation equation of the free water surface and the tidal fluctuation equation of the bottom pore water are as follows:

[0113] Free water surface: H s (b, t) = A1cosωt (6)

[0114] Bottom pore water:

[0115] Where A1 and A2 represent the wave amplitude [L] in the free water surface and the bottom pore water respectively; ω represents the angular velocity (or frequency) [T -1 ] corresponding to the oscillation; φ represents the phase difference (dimensionless) generated in the fluctuation process of the free water surface and the bottom pore water.

[0116] Here, the complex expression is recorded as:

[0117] Z = T e +(1-T e )sech((1+i)a b ) (8)

[0118] The modulus |Z| of this complex number Z represents the proportion of the bottom water level amplitude relative to the free water surface, and the angle arg(Z) of this complex number Z represents the phase lag of the bottom water level (unit: radian), so equation (6) can be written as:

[0119] H(z = 0, t) = A1|Z|cos(ωt+arg(Z)) (9)

[0120] From this, the amplitude equation and the phase equation about the sea tide load coefficient T e and the water storage rate S S are as follows:

[0121] A r = |T e +(1-T e )sech((1+i)a b )| (10)

[0122]

[0123] Where the amplitude ratio A r = A2 / A1, the amplitude of the free water surface A1, the amplitude of the bottom pore water A2, and the phase difference The permeability coefficient K of the aquifer and the height b of the aquifer are known parameters.

[0124] After obtaining the above parameters, they can be put into formulas (10) and (11) to achieve T e and S S To solve the value of . For this purpose, this embodiment has developed a solver separately, and the solver visual interface is as follows Figure 3 As shown, enter the amplitude ratio A obtained in the solver window r , phase difference Permeability coefficient K (unit: m / s), aquifer thickness b (unit: m), tidal period T (s), click the calculate button to get the corresponding T e and S S The value of .

[0125] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0126] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0127] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented.

[0128] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program product.

[0129] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application can implement all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods through a computer program to instruct related hardware to complete, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer program can implement the steps of each method embodiment when executed by a processor. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms. The computer readable medium at least includes any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to an electronic device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal and a software distribution medium. For example, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium can not be an electrical carrier signal and a telecommunications signal.

[0130] The program code contained in the computer readable medium can be transmitted by any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0131] The computer program code for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations of them, including object oriented programming languages, such as python, Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed completely on a user computer, partially on a user computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user computer and partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user computer through any kind of network, including local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to external computer (for example, through Internet service provider to connect through Internet).

[0132] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0133] Those skilled in the art can understand that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0134] In the embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / equipment and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / equipment embodiments described above are merely schematic. The division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. There can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0135] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place, or distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments.

[0136] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. Especially, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tidal simulation experimental device, characterized in that: include: A sand trough container has a main cavity, wherein the main cavity is used to fill seabed sediment samples and in-situ seawater; The first container is arranged on the upper part of the sand tank container, has a first cavity, and the first cavity is connected to the main cavity; a first monitor, disposed in the first cavity, for monitoring water level changes on a free water surface; A second container is provided at the bottom of the sand tank container, has a second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the main cavity; a second monitor, disposed in the second cavity, for monitoring pore head fluctuation response; The tidal simulation device is used to adjust the water level of the seabed sediment sample in the main chamber.

2. The tidal simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tidal simulation device comprises: The first salt water tank is arranged on the upper part of the sand tank container and has a third cavity, and the third cavity is connected to the main cavity. a second salt water tank having a fourth cavity, wherein the fourth cavity is in communication with the third cavity via a first conduit and a second conduit provided between the second salt water tank and the first salt water tank; a first peristaltic pump, disposed on the first conduit, for injecting the seawater in the fourth cavity into the third cavity; The second peristaltic pump is provided on the second conduit and is used for pumping the seawater in the third cavity into the fourth cavity.

3. The tidal simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sand trough container, the first container, the second container, the first salt water tank and the second salt water tank are all provided with sealing covers.

4. The tidal simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A filter assembly is provided at the bottom of the sand tank container and is used to prevent the seabed sediment sample from entering the second cavity.

5. The tidal simulation experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third conduit is provided between the second container and the sand trough container; and the filter assembly is a long strip structure adapted to the inner diameter of the third conduit.

6. A method for measuring hydrological parameters, characterized in that: The method is applied to the tidal simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the seabed sediment sample and in-situ seawater are filled in the sand tank container, and the measurement method comprises: Controlling the first peristaltic pump and the second peristaltic pump to alternately operate in single cycles for multiple tidal cycles; the first peristaltic pump operating in one single cycle and the second peristaltic pump operating in one single cycle form one tidal cycle; Obtaining free water surface water level change data and pore head fluctuation response data collected by the first monitoring instrument and the second monitoring instrument at a preset frequency within at least one tidal cycle; determining an amplitude ratio and a phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water according to the free water surface water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data; Obtaining the thickness and permeability coefficient of the aquifer of the seabed sediment sample in the sand tank container; A tidal load coefficient and a water storage rate are determined according to the amplitude ratio, the phase difference, the thickness of the aquifer, the permeability coefficient, and the tidal period.

7. The method for measuring hydrological parameters according to claim 6, wherein: Determining the amplitude ratio and phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water based on the free water surface water level change data and the pore water head fluctuation response data includes: Obtaining a free water surface water level change curve according to the free water surface water level change data; obtaining a pore water head fluctuation response curve according to the pore water head fluctuation response data; Determining the phase difference between the free water surface and bottom pore water fluctuations based on the free water surface water level variation curve and the pore water head fluctuation response curve; The amplitude ratio of the free water surface and the bottom pore water is determined according to the amplitude of the free water surface water level change curve and the amplitude of the pore water head fluctuation response curve.

8. The method for measuring hydrological parameters according to claim 6, wherein: The determining of the tidal load coefficient and the water storage rate according to the amplitude ratio, the phase difference, the aquifer thickness, the permeability coefficient, and the tidal period includes: The tidal load coefficient and the water storage rate are determined by the following formula: A r =|T e +(1-T e )sech((1+i)a b )| Among them, the amplitude ratio A r =A2 / A1, A1 is the amplitude of the free water surface, A2 is the amplitude of the bottom pore water, is the phase difference between the free water surface and the bottom pore water fluctuations, ω represents the angular velocity of oscillation, K is the aquifer permeability coefficient, b is the aquifer thickness, T e is the tide load coefficient, S S is the water storage rate, sech is the hyperbolic secant function, and i is an imaginary number.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

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