Dust explosion flame radical test system and test method

Abstract

The dust explosion flame free radical test system and test method belong to the technical field of dust explosion test, solve the problem that the existing test equipment cannot realize the visual test of the combustion flame free radical in the initial ignition and development process of dust explosion, and the solution is that the test system comprises an explosion generation assembly for generating single-side open dust cloud explosion, an optical observation assembly for observing the flame free radical, a control system, a computer and an air compressor, a semi-open dust cloud is formed through the explosion generation assembly and is ignited and detonated, the images of different free radicals changing with the flame are collected through the optical observation assembly, and visual observation, recording and analysis are performed through the computer. The application has the advantages of strong functionality, system integration, simple operation and safe and reliable experimental process, is suitable for various combustible dust, the collected data can promote the dust explosion mechanism research, and provides data support for the development of dust explosion optical early warning and protection measures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of dust explosion testing, and particularly relates to a dust explosion flame free radical testing system and a testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dust explosion is one of the major hazards in industrial production, and the change of flame free radicals during the development of combustion and explosion, especially the change of free radicals in the initial stage of ignition, is a key factor affecting the development of explosion and a focus of attention in the prevention and control of combustion and explosion. By optical detection technology, the characteristic free radical change of the flame in the initial stage of combustion and explosion of the detected substance can be obtained, and these free radical characteristics can be monitored online, so that wide-area and high-speed combustion and explosion early warning can be realized. This technology has been widely used in the field of gas and oil fire and explosion prevention.

[0003] In the field of dust explosion, dust needs to be under certain constraints to reach the explosion condition, but the traditional test device (such as Hartmann tube and 20L explosion sphere) has an outer shell or glass barrier, which makes it difficult to directly obtain the characteristics of free radical change during the development of flame, especially in the initial stage of ignition. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a dust explosion flame free radical testing system and a testing method, so as to solve the problem that the existing test equipment cannot realize the visual testing of combustion flame free radicals in the initial stage of dust explosion ignition and the development process.

[0005] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dust explosion flame free radical testing system, which comprises an explosion generating assembly for generating a single-side open dust cloud explosion, an optical observation assembly for observing flame free radicals, a control system, a computer and an air compressor, wherein: the explosion generating assembly, the optical observation assembly and the computer are sequentially arranged above a test bench, the air compressor is arranged on the test bench below the explosion generating assembly, and the air compressor is in communication with the explosion generating assembly through a pipeline; the control system is arranged on the test bench below the optical observation assembly and the computer, the control system is electrically connected with the explosion generating assembly, the optical observation assembly, the computer and the air compressor through data lines, the control system is operated by software installed in the computer to realize synchronous control of the explosion generating assembly, the optical observation assembly and the air compressor, and the free radical change data collected by the optical observation assembly is stored in the computer;

[0007] The explosion generating assembly comprises a sleeve, a pneumatic ignition assembly and a dust dispersion base assembly, an opening is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve opposite to the optical observation assembly, first and second electrode mounting ports are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve opposite to the opening, first and second sliding grooves are respectively arranged on the end faces of the sleeve on both sides of the opening in the vertical direction, first and second arc-shaped transparent plates are arranged in parallel and inserted at the opening position, and the first and second arc-shaped transparent plates are respectively movably inserted in the corresponding first and second sliding grooves, and the lower end faces of the sleeve, the first arc-shaped transparent plate and the second arc-shaped transparent plate are detachably inserted in the annular chuck;

[0008] The pneumatic ignition assembly comprises a pneumatic electrode, a fixed electrode, pneumatic electrode driving pipes and electrode bases, the contact ends of the pneumatic electrode and the fixed electrode are respectively inserted into the sleeve through the first and second electrode mounting ports, the middle part of the pneumatic electrode is connected with the gas supply assembly through two pneumatic electrode driving pipes, and the tail end of the pneumatic electrode is electrically connected with the high-voltage power module in the control system through a high-voltage circuit cable; the contact end of the fixed electrode is inserted into the sleeve through the second electrode mounting port, and the tail end of the fixed electrode is grounded through a high-voltage circuit cable;

[0009] The dust dispersion base assembly comprises a dispersion nozzle, a powder containing chamber, a sliding connecting rod, a transmission module, an electric control gear and a base shell, the powder containing chamber is fixedly installed at the center of the base shell, combustible dust for dust explosion experiment is contained in the powder containing chamber, the dispersion nozzle is arranged vertically upward at the center of the powder containing chamber, and the upper end of the dispersion nozzle extends to the bottom of the sleeve through the annular chuck; the electric control gears are symmetrically arranged in the base shell below the powder containing chamber, and the two electric control gears rotate synchronously and in the same direction; the transmission module is arranged above the two electric control gears, and comprises two parallel racks and a connecting block connecting the roots of the two racks, the two racks and the connecting block form a C-shaped structure, the racks are respectively engaged with the corresponding electric control gears, a limiting sliding groove is arranged on the connecting block, and an arc-shaped limiting groove is arranged on the base shell near one side of the limiting sliding groove; the sliding connecting rod is arranged in a Z-shaped structure, one end of the sliding connecting rod is installed vertically downward in the limiting sliding groove, and the other end of the sliding connecting rod is vertically upward and fixedly connected with the lower edges of the corresponding first and second arc-shaped transparent plates through the arc-shaped limiting groove, the electric control gears drive the transmission module to drive the sliding connecting rod to reciprocate along the arc-shaped limiting groove, so as to drive the first and second arc-shaped transparent plates to be synchronously opened or closed;

[0010] The air supply assembly comprises an air supply assembly shell, an electromagnetic valve, a powder spraying gas chamber and a driving gas chamber arranged in the air supply assembly shell, the base shell is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the air supply assembly shell, the compressed air outlet of the air compressor is connected in parallel with the powder spraying gas chamber and the driving gas chamber through the air pipe, one side of the air inlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber is provided with the first electromagnetic valve, one side of the air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber is connected with the dispersion nozzle, and one side of the air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber is provided with the second electromagnetic valve; one side of the air inlet pipe of the driving gas chamber is provided with the third electromagnetic valve, one side of the air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber is connected with the pneumatic electrode, and one side of the air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber is provided with the fourth electromagnetic valve.

[0011] Further, the optical observation assembly comprises a narrow-band filter and a high-speed CCD camera, the narrow-band filter is installed in front of the lens of the high-speed CCD camera, and the high-speed CCD camera is electrically connected with the control system and the computer through data lines.

[0012] Further, the passing bandwidth of the narrow-band filter is 10 nm, and the center wavelength is determined according to the observed free radicals.

[0013] Further, the control system comprises a PLC module, a power supply module, a high-voltage power supply module, a grounding module and a communication module integrated in the control box.

[0014] A method for testing dust explosion flame free radicals by using the test system described above, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1, installation and inspection of the test device: according to the free radicals to be observed, a narrow-band filter with a corresponding wavelength is selected, and then the experimental device is assembled, the air supply line and the control line are installed, and the overall test system is installed and debugged;

[0016] S2, laying combustible dust: first, the electric control gear controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate and the second arc-shaped transparent plate to be slid into the corresponding first sliding slot and second sliding slot through the sliding connecting rod and transmission module, and the opening is in the open state; then, a certain amount of combustible dust is weighed and evenly laid on the bottom of the powder container; finally, the sliding connecting rod and the transmission module control the first arc-shaped transparent plate and the second arc-shaped transparent plate to reset, and the opening is in the closed state;

[0017] S3, air charging: the control system controls the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve to be in the open state, and the air compressor charges compressed air into the powder spraying gas chamber and the driving gas chamber, respectively, when the air pressure in the powder spraying gas chamber and the driving gas chamber reaches a predetermined value, the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are closed;

[0018] S4, forming a single-sided open dust cloud: the control system controls the second electromagnetic valve to open, and the high-pressure compressed air in the powder spraying chamber is sprayed out of the dispersion nozzle to blow up the combustible dust in the powder chamber to form a dust cloud that spreads upward; at the same time, the electric control gear controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate and the second arc-shaped transparent plate to slide into the corresponding first sliding groove and second sliding groove again through the sliding connecting rod and transmission module, and the opening is in the open state again, at this time, the sleeve forms a single-sided open dust cloud;

[0019] S5, electrostatic ignition: the control system controls the fourth electromagnetic valve to open, and at the same time, the pneumatic electrode in the sleeve is close to the fixed electrode side, breaks the air to generate electrostatic spark and ignites the dust cloud;

[0020] S6, data acquisition: the optical observation assembly collects the flame free radical data during the explosion process and transmits it to the computer for visual display and storage;

[0021] S7, device cleaning: after the pneumatic electrode is returned to the home position, the remaining static electricity in the capacitor is released, and then the residual dust and combustion products on the test device are cleaned; after the experiment is finished, the power is turned off, the device is disassembled and the components are cleaned for next cycle.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0023] The present application forms a directly observable dust cloud and ignites by controlling the opening and closing actions of the first arc-shaped transparent plate and the second arc-shaped transparent plate, collects the images of different free radical changes from the ignition start to the flame development process through the optical observation assembly with replaceable different bandwidth narrow band filters, controls the whole test process through the control system and visualizes the data through the computer.

[0024] In summary, the present application can form a directly observable combustible dust cloud in a single-sided open space and ignite, can obtain the development and change of specific free radicals from the initial stage to the development process of the dust cloud, and has the advantages of strong function, system integration, simple operation, safe and reliable experimental process, is suitable for various combustible dust, the collected data can promote the dust explosion mechanism research, and provides data support for the development of dust explosion optical early warning and protection measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the pneumatic ignition assembly and the dust dispersion base assembly;

[0027] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dust dispersion base assembly (omitting the dispersion nozzle and the powder chamber);

[0028] Figure 4 For the air supply assembly structure schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 5 For the optical observation assembly structure schematic diagram.

[0030] In the figure, 1 is an explosion generating assembly, 101 is a sleeve, 102 is a first arc-shaped transparent plate, 103 is a second arc-shaped transparent plate, 104 is a ring chuck, 105 is a pneumatic electrode, 106 is a fixed electrode, 107 is an electrode base, 108 is a dispersion nozzle, 109 is a powder containing chamber, 110 is a sliding connecting rod, 111 is a transmission module, 112 is an electric control gear, 113 is a base shell, 114 is a first electromagnetic valve, 115 is a second electromagnetic valve, 116 is a third electromagnetic valve, 117 is a fourth electromagnetic valve 117, 118 is a powder spraying gas storage chamber, 119 is a driving gas storage chamber, and 120 is an air supply assembly shell.

[0031] 2 is an optical observation assembly, 201 is a narrow-band filter, and 202 is a high-speed CCD camera.

[0032] 3 is a control system, 4 is a computer, and 5 is an air compressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 5 shown in a kind of dust explosion flame free radical test system, it includes for generating single-side open dust cloud explosion explosion generating assembly 1, for observing flame free radical optical observation assembly 2 and control system 3, computer 4 and air compressor 5, wherein: the explosion generating assembly 1, optical observation assembly 2 and computer 4 are sequentially arranged in the upper of test table, air compressor 5 is arranged in the test table below explosion generating assembly 1, air compressor 5 is communicated with explosion generating assembly 1 by pipeline;The control system 3 is arranged in the test table below optical observation assembly 2 and computer 4, and control system 3 is electrically connected with explosion generating assembly 1, optical observation assembly 2, computer 4 and air compressor 5 respectively by data line, and the synchronous control of explosion generating assembly 1, optical observation assembly 2 and air compressor 5 is realized by selecting the software installed in computer 4 to operate control system 3, and the free radical change data collected by optical observation assembly 2 is stored in computer 4;

[0035] The explosion generating assembly 1 comprises a sleeve 101, a pneumatic ignition assembly and a dust dispersion base assembly, the sleeve 101 is provided with an opening on the side wall opposite to the optical observation assembly 2, the first electrode mounting port and the second electrode mounting port are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve 101 opposite to the opening, the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove are respectively arranged on the end faces of the sleeve 101 on both sides of the opening in the vertical direction, the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 are arranged in parallel and inserted at the opening position, and the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 are respectively movably inserted in the corresponding first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, and the lower end faces of the sleeve 101, the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 are detachably inserted on the annular chuck 104;

[0036] The pneumatic ignition assembly comprises a pneumatic electrode 105, a fixed electrode 106, pneumatic electrode driving pipes and an electrode base 107, the pneumatic electrode 105 and the fixed electrode 106 are respectively mounted on the corresponding electrode base 107; the contact end of the pneumatic electrode 105 is inserted into the sleeve 101 through the first electrode mounting port, the middle part of the pneumatic electrode 105 is connected with the gas supply assembly through two pneumatic electrode driving pipes, and the end of the pneumatic electrode 105 is electrically connected with the high-voltage power module in the control system 3 through a high-voltage circuit cable; the contact end of the fixed electrode 106 is inserted into the sleeve 101 through the second electrode mounting port, and the end of the fixed electrode 106 is grounded through a high-voltage circuit cable;

[0037] The dust dispersion base assembly comprises a dispersion nozzle 108, a powder containing chamber 109, a sliding connecting rod 110, a transmission module 111, an electric control gear 112 and a base shell 113. The powder containing chamber 109 is fixedly installed at the center of the base shell 113, and the combustible dust for the dust explosion experiment is contained in the powder containing chamber 109. The dispersion nozzle 108 is vertically upwardly arranged at the center of the powder containing chamber 109, and the upper end of the dispersion nozzle 108 extends to the bottom of the sleeve 101 through the annular chuck 104. The electric control gears 112 are symmetrically arranged in the base shell 113 below the powder containing chamber 109, and the two electric control gears 112 rotate synchronously and in the same direction. The transmission module 111 is arranged above the two electric control gears 112. The transmission module 111 comprises two parallel arranged racks and a connecting block connecting the roots of the two racks. The two racks and the connecting block form a C-shaped structure. The racks are respectively engaged with the corresponding electric control gears 112. The connecting block is provided with a limiting sliding groove, and an arc-shaped limiting groove is arranged on the base shell 113 near one side of the limiting sliding groove. The sliding connecting rod 110 is arranged in a Z-shaped structure. One end of the sliding connecting rod 110 is vertically downwardly installed in the limiting sliding groove, and the other end of the sliding connecting rod 110 is vertically upwardly arranged through the arc-shaped limiting groove and is fixedly connected with the lower side edges of the corresponding first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and second arc-shaped transparent plate 103. The electric control gears 112 drive the transmission module 111 to drive the sliding connecting rod 110 to reciprocally slide along the arc-shaped limiting groove, thereby driving the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 to synchronously open or close.

[0038] The gas supply assembly comprises a gas supply assembly shell 120, an electromagnetic valve, a powder spraying gas chamber 118 and a driving gas chamber 119 arranged in the gas supply assembly shell 120. The base shell 113 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas supply assembly shell 120. The compressed air outlet of the air compressor 5 is connected in parallel with the powder spraying gas chamber 118 and the driving gas chamber 119 through air pipes. A first electromagnetic valve 114 is installed on one side of the air inlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber 118. The air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber 118 is connected with the dispersion nozzle 108, and a second electromagnetic valve 115 is installed on one side of the air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber 118. A third electromagnetic valve 116 is installed on one side of the air inlet pipe of the driving gas chamber 119. The air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber 119 is connected with the pneumatic electrode 105, and a fourth electromagnetic valve 117 is installed on one side of the air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber 119.

[0039] Further, the optical observation assembly 2 comprises a narrow-band filter 201 and a high-speed CCD camera 202. The narrow-band filter 201 is installed on the front side of the lens of the high-speed CCD camera 202. The high-speed CCD camera 202 is electrically connected with the control system 3 and the computer 4 through data lines.

[0040] Further, the passband of the narrowband filter 201 is 10 nm, and the center wavelength is determined according to the observed free radicals.

[0041] Further, the control system 3 comprises a PLC module, a power supply module, a high-voltage power supply module, a grounding module and a communication module integrated in the control box.

[0042] A method for testing dust explosion flame free radicals by using the test system described above, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1, installation and inspection of the test device: according to the free radicals to be observed, a narrowband filter 201 with a corresponding wavelength is selected, and then the experimental device is assembled, the gas supply line and control line are installed, and the overall test system is installed and debugged;

[0044] S2, laying combustible dust: first, the electric control gear 112 controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 to slide into the corresponding first sliding slot and second sliding slot respectively through the sliding connecting rod 110 and the transmission module 111, and the opening is in the open state; then, a certain amount of combustible dust is weighed and evenly laid on the bottom of the powder container 109; finally, the sliding connecting rod 110 and the transmission module 111 control the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 to reset, and the opening is in the closed state;

[0045] S3, inflation: the control system 3 controls the first electromagnetic valve 114 and the third electromagnetic valve 116 to be in the open state respectively, and the air compressor 5 fills compressed air into the powder spraying gas chamber 118 and the driving gas chamber 119 respectively, when the gas pressure in the powder spraying gas chamber 118 and the driving gas chamber 119 reaches a predetermined value, the first electromagnetic valve 114 and the third electromagnetic valve 116 are closed;

[0046] S4, forming a single-sided open dust cloud: the control system 3 controls the second electromagnetic valve 115 to open, and the high-pressure compressed air in the powder spraying gas chamber 118 is sprayed out by the dispersion nozzle 108 to blow up the combustible dust in the powder container 109, forming an upwardly diffusing dust cloud; at the same time, the electric control gear 112 controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate 102 and the second arc-shaped transparent plate 103 to slide into the corresponding first sliding slot and second sliding slot respectively again through the sliding connecting rod 110 and the transmission module 111, and the opening is in the open state again, at this time, a single-sided open dust cloud is formed in the sleeve 101;

[0047] S5, electrostatic ignition: the control system 3 controls the fourth electromagnetic valve 117 to open, and at the same time, the pneumatic electrode 105 in the sleeve 101 is close to the fixed electrode 106 side, the static electricity is generated by breaking the air to produce electrostatic spark and ignite the dust cloud;

[0048] S6, data collection: through optical observation component 2, flame free radical data in explosion process is collected, and is transported to computer 4 to carry out visual display and storage, and through image processing, the free radical quantity change trend in each area of flame can be obtained; in the experiment process, different filter sheets can be replaced repeatedly, and then the development and change process of various free radicals along with the flame can be obtained;

[0049] S7, device cleaning: after the pneumatic electrode 105 is returned to the original position, the remaining static electricity in the capacitor is released, and then the residual dust and combustion products on the test device are cleaned; after the experiment is finished, the power is turned off, the device is disassembled and the components are cleaned for next cycle use.

[0050] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dust explosion flame radical test system comprising an explosion generating assembly (1) for generating a one-sided open dust cloud explosion, an optical observation assembly (2) for observing the flame radicals, and a control system (3), a computer (4) and an air compressor (5), characterized in that: The explosion generating assembly (1), the optical observation assembly (2) and the computer (4) are sequentially arranged above the test table, the air compressor (5) is arranged on the test table below the explosion generating assembly (1), and the air compressor (5) is communicated with the explosion generating assembly (1) through a pipeline; the control system (3) is arranged on the test table below the optical observation assembly (2) and the computer (4), the control system (3) is electrically connected with the explosion generating assembly (1), the optical observation assembly (2), the computer (4) and the air compressor (5) through data lines, the synchronous control of the explosion generating assembly (1), the optical observation assembly (2) and the air compressor (5) is realized by selecting the software installed in the computer (4) to operate the control system (3), and the free radical change data collected by the optical observation assembly (2) is stored in the computer (4); The explosion generating assembly (1) comprises a sleeve (101), a pneumatic ignition assembly and a dust dispersion base assembly, the sleeve (101) is provided with an opening on the side wall opposite to the optical observation assembly (2), the first electrode mounting hole and the second electrode mounting hole are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve (101) opposite to the opening, the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove are respectively arranged on the end faces of the sleeve (101) on the two sides of the opening in the vertical direction, the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) are arranged in parallel and are inserted at the opening position, and the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) are respectively movably inserted in the corresponding first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, and the lower end faces of the sleeve (101), the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) are detachably inserted in the annular chuck (104); The pneumatic ignition assembly comprises a pneumatic electrode (105), a fixed electrode (106), a pneumatic electrode driving pipe and an electrode base (107), the pneumatic electrode (105) and the fixed electrode (106) are respectively arranged on the corresponding electrode base (107); the contact end of the pneumatic electrode (105) is inserted into the sleeve (101) through the first electrode mounting hole, the middle part of the pneumatic electrode (105) is connected with the gas supply assembly through two pneumatic electrode driving pipes, and the tail end of the pneumatic electrode (105) is electrically connected with the high-voltage power module in the control system (3) through a high-voltage circuit cable; the contact end of the fixed electrode (106) is inserted into the sleeve (101) through the second electrode mounting hole, and the tail end of the fixed electrode (106) is grounded through a high-voltage circuit cable; The dust dispersion base assembly comprises a dispersion nozzle (108), a powder containing chamber (109), a sliding connecting rod (110), a transmission module (111), an electric control gear (112) and a base shell (113), the powder containing chamber (109) is fixedly installed at the center of the base shell (113), combustible dust for dust explosion experiment is contained in the powder containing chamber (109), the dispersion nozzle (108) is vertically upwardly arranged at the center of the powder containing chamber (109), the upper end of the dispersion nozzle (108) extends to the bottom of the sleeve (101) through the annular chuck (104); the electric control gears (112) are symmetrically arranged in the base shell (113) below the powder containing chamber (109), the two electric control gears (112) rotate synchronously and in the same direction; the transmission module (111) is arranged above the two electric control gears (112), the transmission module (111) comprises two parallel arranged racks and a connecting block connecting the roots of the two racks, the two racks and the connecting block form a C-shaped structure, the racks are respectively engaged with the corresponding electric control gears (112), a limiting sliding groove is arranged on the connecting block, and an arc-shaped limiting groove is arranged on the base shell (113) near one side of the limiting sliding groove; the sliding connecting rod (110) is arranged in a Z-shaped structure, one end of the sliding connecting rod (110) is vertically downwardly installed in the limiting sliding groove, the other end of the sliding connecting rod (110) is vertically upwardly arranged through the arc-shaped limiting groove and is fixedly connected with the lower edges of the corresponding first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and second arc-shaped transparent plate (103), the electric control gears (112) drive the transmission module (111) to drive the sliding connecting rod (110) to reciprocate along the arc-shaped limiting groove, thereby driving the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) to synchronously open or close; The gas supply assembly comprises a gas supply assembly shell (120), an electromagnetic valve, a powder spraying gas chamber (118) and a driving gas chamber (119) arranged in the gas supply assembly shell (120), the base shell (113) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas supply assembly shell (120), the compressed air outlet of the air compressor (5) is connected in parallel with the powder spraying gas chamber (118) and the driving gas chamber (119) through air pipes; a first electromagnetic valve (114) is installed on one side of the air inlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber (118), the air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber (118) is connected with the dispersion nozzle (108), and a second electromagnetic valve (115) is installed on one side of the air outlet pipe of the powder spraying gas chamber (118); a third electromagnetic valve (116) is installed on one side of the air inlet pipe of the driving gas chamber (119), the air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber (119) is connected with the pneumatic electrode (105), and a fourth electromagnetic valve (117) is installed on one side of the air outlet pipe of the driving gas chamber (119).

2. A dust explosion flame and radical test system according to claim 1, wherein, The optical observation assembly (2) comprises a narrow-band filter (201) and a high-speed CCD camera (202), the narrow-band filter (201) is installed in front of the lens of the high-speed CCD camera (202), and the high-speed CCD camera (202) is electrically connected with the control system (3) and the computer (4) respectively through data lines.

3. A dust explosion flame and radical test system according to claim 2, wherein, The passing bandwidth of the narrow-band filter (201) is 10 nm, and the center wavelength is determined according to the observed free radicals.

4. A dust explosion flame and radical test system according to claim 1, wherein, The control system (3) comprises a PLC module, a power supply module, a high-voltage power supply module, a grounding module and a communication module integrated in a control box.

5. A method of performing a dust explosion flame and radical test using the test system of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1, installation and inspection of the testing device: according to the free radicals to be observed, a narrow-band filter (201) with a corresponding wavelength is selected, and then the experimental device is assembled, the gas supply line and the control line are installed, and the overall testing system is installed and debugged; S2, laying combustible dust: first, the electric control gear (112) controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) to be slid into the corresponding first sliding slot and second sliding slot respectively through the sliding connecting rod (110) and the transmission module (111), and the opening is in the open state; then, a certain amount of combustible dust is weighed and evenly laid on the bottom of the powder containing chamber (109); finally, the sliding connecting rod (110) and the transmission module (111) control the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) to reset, and the opening is in the closed state; S3, inflation: the control system (3) controls the first electromagnetic valve (114) and the third electromagnetic valve (116) to be in the open state respectively, and the air compressor (5) fills compressed air into the powder spraying gas chamber (118) and the driving gas chamber (119) respectively, when the air pressure in the powder spraying gas chamber (118) and the driving gas chamber (119) reaches a predetermined value, the first electromagnetic valve (114) and the third electromagnetic valve (116) are closed; S4, forming a single-side open dust cloud: the control system (3) controls the second electromagnetic valve (115) to be opened, high-pressure compressed air in the powder spraying gas chamber (118) is sprayed out of the dispersion nozzle (108), the combustible dust contained in the powder containing chamber (109) is blown up to form a dust cloud that diffuses upward; at the same time, the electric control gear (112) controls the first arc-shaped transparent plate (102) and the second arc-shaped transparent plate (103) to be slid into the corresponding first sliding slot and second sliding slot respectively again through the sliding connecting rod (110) and the transmission module (111), and the opening is in the open state again, at this time, a single-side open dust cloud is formed in the sleeve (101); S5, electrostatic ignition: the control system (3) controls the fourth electromagnetic valve (117) to be opened, at the same time, the pneumatic electrode (105) in the sleeve (101) is close to the fixed electrode (106) side, the air is broken down to generate electrostatic spark and ignite the dust cloud; S6, data acquisition: the optical observation assembly (2) collects the flame free radical data in the explosion process and transmits it to the computer (4) for visual display and storage. S7, device cleaning: after the pneumatic electrode (105) is returned to the original position, the residual static electricity in the capacitor is released, and then the residual dust and combustion products on the test device are cleaned; after the experiment is completed, the power supply is turned off, the device is disassembled and each component is cleaned for the next cycle.

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