Mechanical interference noise suppression method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical interference noise suppression method and device, electronic equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of signal processing, and the method comprises the steps: screening a first seismic channel data set affected by mechanical interference source noise from seismic data; in the first seismic channel data set, redefining an observation system by taking a first target seismic channel closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset, and generating a second seismic channel data set under a new observation system; performing dynamic correction processing of mechanical interference waves and inclination angle filtering and denoising processing on the second seismic channel data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic channel data set; and carrying out reverse dynamic correction processing on the third seismic channel data set, and carrying out observation system restoration processing on a processing result to obtain a fourth seismic channel data set which is correspondingly subjected to noise suppression by the original observation system. The signal-to-noise ratio of a processing result can be improved, target denoising is enhanced, other seismic data channels are not damaged, the processing efficiency is high, and processing resources are saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of signal processing, and particularly relates to a mechanical interference noise suppression method and device, electronic equipment and medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of seismic data acquisition, due to various external interference or self-resonance, etc., various linear noises and abnormal amplitudes are often contained in the seismic data, which seriously affects the high-precision imaging quality of the seismic data. Mechanical noise refers to the noise caused by mechanical vibration factors of machinery in the process of seismic data acquisition. These noises will affect the quality of the original single shot of the seismic data, thereby affecting the quality and reliability of the seismic exploration results. In the process of data processing of the seismic data (or described as seismic data), high-fidelity prestack preprocessing of the seismic data is a crucial link.

[0003] In the process of implementing the present disclosure, the inventors have found that at least the following technical problems exist in the related art: The current technology for mechanical noise elimination mainly performs abnormal amplitude filtering processing on seismic data based on statistical effects, however, this way easily filters out the effective reflection information mixed therein while removing the mechanical noise; some schemes convert the conventional shot domain seismic data into the receiver point domain or the cross domain for a certain degree of suppression processing, but the domain switching between data easily causes the generation of large-scale volume data and the processing is time-consuming, and at the same time, due to the inherent characteristics of the mechanical interference noise, this method cannot achieve accurate suppression, and it is difficult to meet the demand of efficient exploration. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a mechanical interference noise suppression method, device, electronic equipment and medium.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a mechanical interference noise suppression method. The above method comprises: screening a first seismic trace data set affected by a mechanical interference source noise in seismic data; in the first seismic trace data set, redefining an observation system with a first target seismic trace closest to a mechanical interference source as a minimum offset distance to generate a second seismic trace data set under a new observation system; performing a mechanical interference wave moveout correction processing and a dip angle filtering denoising processing on the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace data set; performing an inverse moveout correction processing on the third seismic trace data set, and performing an observation system restoration processing on the processing result to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set after noise suppression corresponding to the original observation system.

[0006] In some embodiments, the method for screening a first seismic trace dataset affected by mechanical interference source noise in seismic data comprises: determining position information of a mechanical interference source based on actual exploration information; determining an influence range of the mechanical interference source according to a noise measurement record; and screening the first seismic trace dataset affected by mechanical interference source noise in seismic data according to the position information of the mechanical interference source and the influence range. The noise measurement record is obtained by: arranging detection devices at multiple key points in the expected influence area before or during actual exploration; and recording background vibration signals when the mechanical noise is turned on and off based on the detection devices, wherein the background vibration signals are used to indicate the vibration signals of the ground when the detection devices are turned on and off.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method for determining the influence range of the mechanical interference source according to the noise measurement record comprises: comparing the frequency spectrum difference between the noise turned on and off according to the background vibration signals, identifying the target frequency component corresponding to the mechanical noise; calculating the noise amplitude or energy of the mechanical noise at different distances according to the target frequency component, and drawing an attenuation curve of the noise amplitude or energy changing with distance; and comparing the attenuation curve with a set signal-to-noise ratio threshold to determine the distance range corresponding to the noise amplitude lower than the signal-to-noise ratio threshold as the influence range of the mechanical interference source.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method for redefining the observation system with the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset distance, generating a second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system comprises: taking the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset distance position; determining the virtual seismic trace offset distance corresponding to each first seismic trace outside the first target seismic trace according to the difference between the bin number of each first seismic trace and the bin number of the first target seismic trace; wherein the trace-to-trace spacing is the same as the interval distance of the original receiver; and constructing the first target seismic trace and the first seismic trace represented by the virtual seismic trace offset distance as the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method for performing mechanical interference wave dynamic correction processing and tilt angle filtering denoising processing on the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace dataset comprises: determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system; performing dynamic correction processing on the second seismic trace dataset by taking the mechanical noise apparent velocity as the single-shot dynamic correction velocity; the processed seismic trace has a low tilt angle feature; and performing tilt angle filtering denoising processing on the low-angle reflection in-phase axis of the dynamic correction processed seismic trace based on Fourier transform to obtain the third seismic trace dataset.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: picking a clear and continuous noise event line segment in the second seismic trace data set under the new recording system; and calculating the apparent mechanical noise velocity according to the spatial distance difference and the time difference corresponding to the picked noise event line segment.

[0011] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: merging the fourth seismic trace data set with a fifth seismic trace data set screened from the seismic data and not affected by the mechanical interference source noise to obtain a target seismic single-shot data set.

[0012] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for mechanical interference noise suppression. The device comprises a screening module, a recording system conversion module, a denoising processing module and an inverse conversion module. The screening module is configured to screen a first seismic trace data set affected by mechanical interference source noise from seismic data. The recording system conversion module is configured to redefine a recording system in the first seismic trace data set by taking a first target seismic trace closest to a mechanical interference source as a minimum offset distance to generate a second seismic trace data set under a new recording system. The denoising processing module is configured to perform a mechanical interference wave moveout correction processing and a dip angle filtering denoising processing on the second seismic trace data set under the new recording system to obtain a third seismic trace data set. The inverse conversion module is configured to perform an inverse moveout correction processing on the third seismic trace data set and perform a recording system recovery processing on a processing result to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set corresponding to the original recording system after noise suppression.

[0013] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete communication with each other through the communication bus; the memory is configured to store a computer program; and the processor is configured to execute the program stored on the memory to implement the method for mechanical interference noise suppression.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method for mechanical interference noise suppression.

[0015] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have at least some or all of the following advantages: By screening the first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical interference source noise in the seismic data, that is, screening the seismic data section affected by the mechanical noise, the target denoising can be enhanced without damaging other seismic data traces. Moreover, by redefining the observation system, the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system is generated, so that the seismic trace affected by the mechanical noise interference and pollution has a virtual shot-receiver distance relationship, and subsequent dynamic correction processing, tilt angle filtering denoising processing, etc. can be performed. The scheme can effectively remove the mechanical noise without losing other useful components of the seismic data. Moreover, the suppression is in a single shot domain, reducing the switching between data domains, greatly reducing the processing time and saving the disk space. Overall, the above scheme can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the processing result, can enhance the target denoising without damaging other seismic data traces, has a faster seismic data processing efficiency, and saves processing resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or related description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for mechanical interference noise suppression according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A detailed implementation flowchart of step S110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of original single-shot data of vibroseis acquisition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of (a) a result of screening the first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical interference source noise in the seismic data according to the position information and the influence range of the mechanical interference source; (b) a result of redefining the observation system to generate the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system; (c) a schematic diagram of determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0022] Figure 5Fig. 3 schematically shows a result diagram of (a) a mechanical interference wave dynamic correction processing result diagram of a second seismic trace data set under the new observation system described above; (b) a low angle reflection event inclination angle filtering denoising processing result diagram of the seismic trace after the dynamic correction processing; and (c) a result diagram obtained by continuing the inverse dynamic correction processing.

[0023] Figure 6A Fig. 4 schematically shows a result diagram obtained by a scheme of mechanical noise processing based on a conventional processing method. Figure 6B Fig. 5 schematically shows a result diagram obtained by a seismic data processing based on the method of mechanical interference noise suppression provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 7 Fig. 6 schematically shows a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0026] With the deepening of seismic exploration, especially the wide promotion and application of the controllable vibrator, efficient seismic data acquisition with large-scale high channel density has become the main trend of current exploration. Efficient exploration is mainly achieved by shortening the adjacent shot time and shot distance. The side effect of efficient exploration is the wide development of various noises, and the influence range is large. Among these noises, mechanical noise as a kind of noise that cannot be ignored seriously affects the imaging quality of seismic data. Mechanical noise refers to the noise caused by mechanical vibration factors during seismic data acquisition. These noises will affect the quality of the original single shot of seismic data, thereby affecting the quality and reliability of the seismic exploration results.

[0027] It is found in research and development that: the current mechanical noise elimination technology mainly filters the seismic data based on abnormal amplitude filtering processing based on statistical effect, and the commonly used filtering methods include high-pass filtering, low-pass filtering, band-pass filtering, etc.; these filtering methods can remove the noise in a certain frequency range by setting a certain frequency cutoff point, thereby suppressing the mechanical interference to a certain extent and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data; however, the apparent velocity and frequency of the mechanical interference are often mixed with the effective reflection information, which is difficult to accurately identify and suppress; the conventional filtering processing may cause the effective information in the seismic data to be filtered out, thereby affecting the quality of the seismic data; in addition, in some schemes, the mechanical noise elimination is often performed by converting the conventional shot domain seismic data into the receiver point domain or the cross domain for a certain degree of suppression processing, but the switching between the data domains is easy to cause the generation of large-scale volume data and consume a huge amount of machine time, and due to the inherent characteristics of the mechanical interference noise, this method cannot achieve accurate suppression, and it is difficult to meet the demand of efficient exploration.

[0028] Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and device for mechanical interference noise suppression, which comprises: screening a first seismic trace data set affected by mechanical interference source noise in seismic data; redefining an observation system with a first target seismic trace closest to a mechanical interference source as a minimum offset distance in the first seismic trace data set to generate a second seismic trace data set under a new observation system; performing dynamic correction processing and tilt angle filtering denoising processing on the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace data set; performing inverse dynamic correction processing on the third seismic trace data set, and performing observation system restoration processing on the processing result to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set after noise suppression corresponding to the original observation system.

[0029] By screening a first seismic trace data set affected by mechanical interference source noise in seismic data, the seismic data segment affected by mechanical noise is screened out, which can strengthen target denoising without damaging other seismic data traces, and by redefining the observation system, a second seismic trace data set under a new observation system is generated, so that the seismic trace affected by mechanical noise interference and pollution has a virtual shot-receiver distance relationship, and subsequent dynamic correction processing, tilt angle filtering denoising processing, etc. can be performed. This scheme can effectively remove mechanical noise without losing useful components of other seismic data; and it is suppressed in a single shot domain, reducing the switching between data domains, greatly reducing the processing time and saving disk space. Overall, the above scheme can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the processing result, can strengthen target denoising without damaging other seismic data traces, has a faster seismic data processing efficiency, and saves processing resources.

[0030] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for mechanical interference noise suppression. The above method can be applied to an electronic device with computing capability.

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for mechanical interference noise suppression according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 The method for mechanical interference noise suppression provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes the following steps: S110, S120, S130 and S140.

[0034] In step S110, a first seismic trace data set affected by mechanical interference source noise is screened from seismic data.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the seismic data is single-shot seismic data. The mechanical interference source refers to a mechanical source that generates mechanical vibration, for example, a controllable vibrator.

[0036] Figure 2 A detailed implementation flowchart of step S110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0037] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 As shown in the above step S110, the first seismic trace data set affected by mechanical interference source noise is screened from seismic data, which includes the following steps: S210, S220 and S230.

[0038] In step S210, the position information of the mechanical interference source is determined based on actual exploration information.

[0039] The specific layout position of the device source that can generate mechanical vibration, for example, a controllable vibrator, can be determined through actual exploration information, and the position information of the mechanical interference source is obtained.

[0040] In step S220, the influence range of the mechanical interference source is determined according to a noise measurement record.

[0041] The noise measurement record is obtained by the following way: before or during the actual exploration, detection devices are laid out at multiple key points in the expected influence area; the background vibration signal when the mechanical noise is turned on and off is recorded based on the detection devices to obtain the noise measurement record, and the background vibration signal is used to indicate the vibration signal of the ground when the detection devices are turned on and off.

[0042] In some embodiments, in the above step S220, the influence range of the mechanical interference source is determined according to the noise measurement record, which includes: According to the background vibration signal, the spectrum difference between the noise opening and the noise closing is compared to identify the target frequency component corresponding to the mechanical noise; According to the target frequency component, the noise amplitude or energy of the mechanical noise at different distances is calculated, and an attenuation curve of the noise amplitude or energy changing with the distance is drawn; According to the comparison between the attenuation curve and the set signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the distance range corresponding to the noise amplitude lower than the signal-to-noise ratio threshold is determined as the influence range of the mechanical interference source.

[0043] In step S230, according to the position information of the mechanical interference source and the influence range, a first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical interference source noise is screened in the seismic data.

[0044] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the original single shot data collected by the controllable source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the result of screening the first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical interference source noise in the seismic data according to the position information and the influence range of the mechanical interference source is shown in (a), the schematic diagram of the result of redefining the observation system to generate the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system is shown in (b), and the schematic diagram of the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system is shown in (c). Figure 4 In (a)-(c) of the above, the green line schematically shows the offset line.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the above, the original single shot data collected by the controllable source with shot number 4719 is shown, and by performing steps S210-S230, the first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical interference source noise is screened in the seismic data, and the result is shown in (a) of the above. Figure 4 As shown in (a) of the above, the first seismic trace data set affected by the mechanical noise located on the left side of the controllable source in the original single shot data is shown.

[0046] Based on the above steps S210-S230, by using the position information of the mechanical interference source, the target seismic trace adjacent to the mechanical interference source in the seismic data can be located, and by using the influence range (for example, the distance parameter) of the mechanical interference source, the influence radius is constructed with the target seismic trace as the center, and the disturbed seismic data segment, that is, the first seismic trace data set, is determined. The first seismic trace data in the first seismic trace data set is the data corresponding to the seismic trace within the above influence range.

[0047] In step S120, in the above first seismic trace data set, the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source is used as the minimum offset to redefine the observation system, and the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system is generated.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first target trace closest to the mechanical interference source is defined as the minimum offset position in step S120 above, a second seismic trace data set under the new observation system is generated, including: The first target trace closest to the mechanical interference source is defined as the minimum offset position; For each first trace at a position other than the first target trace, a virtual trace shot distance corresponding to each first trace is determined according to the difference between the trace number of each first trace and the trace number of the first target trace; wherein the trace-to-trace spacing is the same as the interval distance of the original geophone. The first target trace and the first trace represented by the virtual trace shot distance are constructed into a second seismic trace data set under the new observation system.

[0049] For example, the original seismic data shot distance is temporarily stored in the data trace header, and the data storage process of the shot distance is as follows: SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE1= =SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE, (1) Wherein, SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE1 represents the shot distance data temporarily stored in the data trace header; SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE represents the shot distance value to be stored; = = represents the assignment operation.

[0050] The seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source is defined as the minimum offset trace (or 0 shot distance), and the trace number information STN_DETECT0 of the geophone corresponding to the seismic trace data is read.

[0051] The geophone shot distance conversion formula is defined as follows: SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE2=STN_DETECT-STN_DETECT0; (2) Wherein, SOURCE_DETECT_DISTANCE2 is the virtual trace shot distance corresponding to each first trace; STN_DETECT is the trace number of each first trace in the original observation system; STN_DETECT0 is the trace number of the geophone corresponding to the first target trace closest to the mechanical interference source.

[0052] Based on the above conversion formula, in the original observation system, the small section of the minimum offset seismic trace pile number after conversion corresponds to the negative offset in the new observation system; the large section of the minimum offset seismic trace pile number after conversion corresponds to the positive offset in the new observation system; the farther away from the center point of the trace pile number STN_DETECT0, the larger the offset (offset), the closer to the center point of the trace pile number STN_DETECT0, the smaller the offset (offset).

[0053] Referring to Figure 4 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the result of generating the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system after redefining the observation system is illustrated, and the trace spacing between the traces is the same as the interval distance of the original geophone.

[0054] In step S130, the dynamic correction processing of the mechanical interference wave and the tilt angle filtering denoising processing of the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system are performed to obtain the third seismic trace data set.

[0055] In some embodiments, in step S130, the dynamic correction processing of the mechanical interference wave and the tilt angle filtering denoising processing of the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system are performed to obtain the third seismic trace data set, including: determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system; taking the mechanical noise apparent velocity as a single shot dynamic correction velocity, and performing dynamic correction processing on the second seismic trace data set; the processed seismic trace has a low tilt angle feature; based on Fourier transform, performing tilt angle filtering denoising processing on the low angle reflection event of the dynamic correction processed seismic trace to obtain the third seismic trace data set.

[0056] In some embodiments, determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system includes: picking up a clear and continuous noise event line segment in the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system; and calculating the mechanical noise apparent velocity according to the spatial distance difference and the time difference corresponding to the picked-up noise event line segment.

[0057] For example, referring to Figure 4 As shown in (c) of FIG. 1, the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set in the new observation system is picked up, for example, 3500 m / s.

[0058] Figure 5Fig. 1 schematically shows a result diagram of a mechanical interference wave dynamic correction processing result of a second seismic trace data set under a new observation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 In (a)-(c) of Fig. 1, the green line schematically shows a shot-receiver distance line.

[0059] The above-mentioned mechanical noise apparent velocity is taken as a single-shot dynamic correction velocity, and the second seismic trace data set is processed by dynamic correction. The processed result is shown in (a) of Fig. 2. Figure 5 In (a) of Fig. 2, the mechanical noise interference is basically flattened, and has a low inclination angle feature (other effective information angles become inclined).

[0060] In some embodiments, the apparent inclination angle of the dynamic corrected seismic trace can be read by an interaction tool in the electronic device.

[0061] The low-angle reflection event (mechanical noise interference) is processed by inclination angle filtering based on Fourier transform. The processed result is shown in (b) of Fig. 2. Figure 5 In (b) of Fig. 2, the processed seismic data basically does not contain mechanical interference noise.

[0062] In step S140, the third seismic trace data set is processed by inverse dynamic correction, and the processed result is processed by observation system recovery to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set corresponding to the original observation system after noise suppression.

[0063] Inverse dynamic correction is an inverse processing step of dynamic correction, which is used to restore the dynamic corrected trace data set to the original shot-receiver distance dependent state (i.e., to reconstruct the hyperbolic shape). The processed result after inverse dynamic correction is shown in (c) of Fig. 3. Figure 5

[0064] In addition, the processed result is processed by observation system recovery to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set corresponding to the original observation system after noise suppression.

[0065] In some embodiments, in addition to the above steps S110-S140, the method further includes: merging the fourth seismic trace data set with a fifth seismic trace data set screened from the seismic data and not affected by the mechanical interference source noise to obtain a target seismic single-shot data set.

[0066] Figure 6A Fig. 4 schematically shows a result diagram obtained by a mechanical noise processing scheme based on a conventional processing method; Figure 6B Fig. 5 schematically shows a result diagram obtained by seismic data processing based on the mechanical interference noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.​

[0067] Reference Figure 6A As shown in the figure, in the conventional processing method, the frequency-velocity method is used to suppress the regulated noise of the original data in the single shot domain and the detection point domain, and the abnormal amplitude of the data is suppressed by using statistical principles. Although the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved to a certain extent, the mechanical interference is a stubborn noise that does not meet the linear law or the statistical noise suppression conditions. Conventional denoising processing does not suppress this group of noise. Figure 6A The arrows indicate the noise area.

[0068] In comparison, refer to Figure 6B As shown, after the mechanical noise is processed based on the solution provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the fourth seismic channel data set after the noise suppression of the original observation system is combined with the fifth seismic channel data set that is not affected by the noise of the mechanical interference source that is screened out from the seismic data. Figure 6B As shown by the arrow, the obtained target seismic single-shot dataset suppresses the mechanical interference noise more thoroughly, and there is no noise area. Therefore, the above scheme can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the processing result, strengthen the target denoising without damaging other seismic data channels, achieve faster seismic data processing efficiency, and save processing resources.

[0069] In summary, the method for suppressing mechanical interference noise provided in this embodiment, by screening the first seismic trace dataset affected by mechanical interference source noise from the seismic data, that is, screening out the seismic data segments affected by mechanical noise, can enhance target denoising without harming other seismic data traces. Furthermore, by redefining the observation system and generating a second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system, the seismic traces contaminated by mechanical noise interference have a virtual shot-offset relationship, enabling subsequent dynamic correction processing, tilt angle filtering denoising, and other processing. This scheme can effectively remove mechanical noise without losing other useful components of the seismic data. Furthermore, it suppresses the noise within a single shot domain, reducing switching between data domains, significantly reducing processing time, and saving disk space. Overall, the above scheme can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the processing results, enhance target denoising without harming other seismic data traces, achieve faster seismic data processing efficiency, and conserve processing resources.

[0070] A second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for suppressing mechanical interference noise.

[0071] The above-mentioned device for suppressing mechanical interference noise includes: a screening module, an observation system conversion module, a denoising processing module and an inverse conversion module.

[0072] The screening module is used to screen the first seismic trace data set affected by the noise of the mechanical interference source in the seismic data.

[0073] The observation system conversion module is configured to redefine the observation system with the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset in the first seismic trace dataset, and generate a second seismic trace dataset under a new observation system.

[0074] The denoising processing module is configured to perform dynamic correction processing and tilt angle filtering denoising processing on the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system, and obtain a third seismic trace dataset.

[0075] The inverse conversion module is configured to perform inverse dynamic correction processing on the third seismic trace dataset, and perform observation system recovery processing on a processing result, and obtain a fourth seismic trace dataset corresponding to the original observation system after noise suppression.

[0076] In some embodiments, the device further comprises a merging processing module.

[0077] The merging processing module is configured to perform merging processing on the fourth seismic trace dataset and a fifth seismic trace dataset screened from the seismic data and not affected by the mechanical interference source noise, and obtain a target seismic single-shot dataset.

[0078] In some embodiments, the screening module comprises an interference source positioning submodule, an influence range determining submodule, and a screening submodule.

[0079] The interference source positioning submodule is configured to determine position information of the mechanical interference source based on actual exploration information.

[0080] The influence range determining submodule is configured to determine an influence range of the mechanical interference source according to a noise measurement record.

[0081] The screening submodule is configured to screen the first seismic trace dataset affected by the mechanical interference source noise from the seismic data according to the position information of the mechanical interference source and the influence range.

[0082] The noise measurement record is obtained by the following method: before or during actual exploration, detection equipment is arranged at a plurality of key points in the expected influence area; background vibration signals when the mechanical noise is turned on and turned off are recorded based on the detection equipment to obtain the noise measurement record, and the background vibration signals are used to indicate the vibration signals of the ground when the detection equipment is turned on and turned off.

[0083] In some embodiments, the determining the influence range of the mechanical interference source according to the noise measurement record comprises: comparing the spectrum difference between the noise opening and the noise closing according to the background vibration signal, identifying the target frequency component corresponding to the mechanical noise; calculating the noise amplitude or energy of the mechanical noise at different distances according to the target frequency component, and drawing the attenuation curve of the noise amplitude or energy changing with the distance; comparing the attenuation curve with the set signal-to-noise ratio threshold, and determining the distance range corresponding to the noise amplitude lower than the signal-to-noise ratio threshold as the influence range of the mechanical interference source.

[0084] In some embodiments, the observation system conversion module comprises: a center positioning sub-module, a shot-receiver distance conversion sub-module, and a new system data determination sub-module.

[0085] The center positioning sub-module is configured to take the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset position.

[0086] The shot-receiver distance conversion sub-module is configured to determine, for each first seismic trace at a position other than the first target seismic trace, a virtual seismic trace shot-receiver distance corresponding to each first seismic trace according to the difference between the trace number of each first seismic trace and the trace number of the first target seismic trace, wherein the trace-to-trace trace interval is the same as the interval distance of the original receiver.

[0087] The new system data determination sub-module is configured to construct the first target seismic trace and the first seismic trace represented by the virtual seismic trace shot-receiver distance into a second seismic trace data set under the new observation system.

[0088] In some embodiments, the denoising processing module comprises: a velocity determination sub-module, a moveout correction processing sub-module, and an inclination filtering sub-module.

[0089] The velocity determination sub-module is configured to determine the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system.

[0090] The moveout correction processing sub-module is configured to take the mechanical noise apparent velocity as a single-shot moveout correction velocity to perform moveout correction processing on the second seismic trace data set, and the processed seismic trace has a low inclination angle feature.

[0091] The inclination filtering sub-module is configured to perform inclination angle filtering denoising processing on the low-angle reflection event of the moveout correction processed seismic trace based on Fourier transform, to obtain a third seismic trace data set.

[0092] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: picking a clear and continuous noise event line segment in the second seismic trace data set under the new recording geometry; and calculating the apparent mechanical noise velocity according to the spatial distance difference and the time difference corresponding to the picked noise event line segment.

[0093] The device for suppressing mechanical interference noise provided by the embodiment can strengthen target denoising without damaging other seismic data traces by screening seismic data segments affected by mechanical noise. In addition, the second seismic trace data set under the new recording geometry is generated by redefining the recording geometry, so that the seismic traces affected by mechanical noise interference and pollution have a virtual offset distance relationship, and subsequent dynamic correction processing and tilt angle filtering denoising processing can be performed. The scheme can effectively remove mechanical noise without losing useful components of other seismic data. In addition, the mechanical interference noise is suppressed in a single shot domain, reducing switching between data domains, greatly reducing processing time and saving disk space. Overall, the above scheme can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the processing result, can strengthen target denoising without damaging other seismic data traces, has a faster seismic data processing efficiency, and saves processing resources.

[0094] More details of the embodiment can be referred to the related description of the first embodiment, which will not be described here.

[0095] Any number of the functional modules included in the device for suppressing mechanical interference noise can be combined in one module, or any one of the modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the function of one or more of the modules can be combined with at least part of the function of the other modules, and implemented in one module. At least one of the functional modules included in the device for suppressing mechanical interference noise can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on chip, a system on board, a system on package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable way of hardware or firmware, or implemented in any one of software, hardware and firmware or in an appropriate combination of any number of them. Alternatively, at least one of the functional modules included in the device for suppressing mechanical interference noise can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module that can perform corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0096] A third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device.

[0097] Figure 7 The structure block diagram of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0098] Referring to Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 7, the electronic device 700 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 701, a communication interface 702, a memory 703 and a communication bus 704, wherein the processor 701, the communication interface 702 and the memory 703 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 704; the memory 703 is used for storing a computer program; and the processor 701 is used for executing the program stored on the memory to implement the method for suppressing mechanical interference noise as described above.

[0099] The fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method for suppressing mechanical interference noise as described above.

[0100] The computer readable storage medium can be included in the device or apparatus described in the above embodiments; or can exist separately and not be assembled into the device or apparatus. The computer readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed, the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0101] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, which can include but is not limited to: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any appropriate combination thereof. In the present disclosure, the computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, which can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.

[0102] It should be noted that, in the present document, the relationship terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a…" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0103] The foregoing is merely illustrative of the various implementations of the present disclosure and the general principles thereof. Numerous modifications can be made to these illustrations, and equivalents can be substituted therefor, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The specific embodiments commensurate with the specific application are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the scope of the application as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing mechanical interference noise, characterized in that: include: screening the first seismic trace data set affected by noise from mechanical interference sources in the seismic data; In the first seismic trace dataset, the observation system is redefined by taking the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset to generate a second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system; performing a dynamic correction process of mechanical interference waves and a tilt angle filtering and denoising process on the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace data set; The third seismic trace data set is subjected to a reaction correction process, and the processing result is subjected to an observation system restoration process to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set after noise suppression corresponding to the original observation system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Screening the first seismic trace data set affected by noise from mechanical interference sources in seismic data includes: Determine the location information of the mechanical interference source based on actual exploration information; Determine the impact range of the mechanical interference source based on the noise measurement records; screening, from the seismic data, a first seismic trace data set affected by noise from the mechanical interference source according to the location information of the mechanical interference source and the affected range; The noise measurement records are obtained by: deploying detection equipment at multiple key points within the expected impact area before or during the actual exploration; and obtaining noise measurement records based on background vibration signals recorded by the detection equipment when the mechanical noise is turned on and off, wherein the background vibration signals are used to indicate the vibration signals of the ground when the detection equipment is turned on and off.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the influence range of the mechanical interference source according to the noise measurement record includes: According to the background vibration signal, the frequency spectrum difference when the noise is turned on and off is compared to identify the target frequency component corresponding to the mechanical noise; Calculating the noise amplitude or energy of the mechanical noise at different distances based on the target frequency component, and plotting an attenuation curve of the noise amplitude or energy as a function of distance; The attenuation curve is compared with a set signal-to-noise ratio threshold, and a distance range corresponding to a noise amplitude lower than the signal-to-noise ratio threshold is determined as an influence range of the mechanical interference source.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The observation system is redefined with the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset, and the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system is generated, including: The first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source is taken as the minimum offset position; For each first seismic trace at a location other than the first target seismic trace, determining a virtual seismic trace offset corresponding to each first seismic trace based on a difference between the stake number of each first seismic trace and the stake number of the first target seismic trace; wherein the trace spacing between traces is the same as the spacing between original receiver points; The first target seismic trace and the first seismic trace represented by the virtual seismic trace offset are constructed as a second seismic trace data set under the new observation system.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Performing dynamic correction processing of mechanical interference waves and tilt angle filtering and denoising processing on the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace data set, including: determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system; Using the mechanical noise apparent velocity as the single shot dynamic correction velocity, performing dynamic correction processing on the second seismic trace data set; the processed seismic trace has a low tilt angle feature; Based on Fourier transform, the low-angle reflection events of the seismic traces after dynamic correction are subjected to tilt angle filtering and denoising to obtain the third seismic trace dataset.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining the mechanical noise apparent velocity corresponding to the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system includes: A clear and continuous noise event axis segment is picked up from the second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system; The apparent velocity of mechanical noise is calculated based on the spatial distance difference and time difference corresponding to the picked noise in-phase axis segment.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that Also includes: The fourth seismic trace dataset is combined with the fifth seismic trace dataset that is screened out from the seismic data and is not affected by noise from the mechanical interference source to obtain a target seismic single-shot dataset.

8. A device for suppressing mechanical interference noise, characterized in that: include: A screening module, configured to screen the first seismic trace data set affected by noise from a mechanical interference source from the seismic data; an observation system conversion module, configured to redefine the observation system in the first seismic trace dataset by using the first target seismic trace closest to the mechanical interference source as the minimum offset, and generate a second seismic trace dataset under the new observation system; a denoising processing module, configured to perform a dynamic correction process for mechanical interference waves and a tilt angle filtering denoising process on the second seismic trace data set under the new observation system to obtain a third seismic trace data set; The inverse conversion module is used to perform inverse correction processing on the third seismic trace data set and perform observation system restoration processing on the processing result to obtain a fourth seismic trace data set after noise suppression corresponding to the original observation system.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The processor, the communication interface, the memory and the communication bus are connected to each other via the communication bus. Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing a program stored in a memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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