A brake friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoe

Abstract

The application discloses a brake friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes, comprising: a model construction unit for constructing a friction contact model; a load acquisition unit, a pressure distribution solving unit for inputting a brake force load array into the friction contact model to solve a contact pressure distribution; a friction coefficient acquisition unit for acquiring a friction coefficient of the friction plate; a distribution calculation unit for calculating friction force distributions of the contact surfaces at different time points according to the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution; and a space-time distribution acquisition unit for acquiring friction force distributions of a plurality of contact surfaces at different time points to obtain a space-time distribution array of the brake friction in a braking process; and by extracting a center of mass position of the space coordinates of the plurality of contact surfaces and establishing a space index, friction force data of each contact surface at different time points is fused to form a brake friction space-time distribution array with time and space information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to brake coupling systems, specifically a brake friction coupling analysis system based on automotive brake shoes. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional automotive braking systems, the frictional coupling behavior between the brake shoes and friction pads directly affects braking performance, thermal stability, and wear uniformity. However, existing technologies typically employ static or semi-empirical methods to analyze frictional characteristics during braking, which struggle to accurately reflect the dynamic changes in contact pressure distribution and the evolution of frictional force in time and space during actual braking. Patent document CN110614987A discloses a method for detecting friction brake faults, capable of generating sensor signals indicating braking malfunctions when detected vibrations and changes in hydraulic braking pressure exceed their corresponding thresholds.

[0003] However, under complex operating conditions, the contact state between the brake shoes and friction pads (such as surface-to-surface contact and point contact), surface geometry (such as curvature and roughness), and external loads (hydraulic pressure, thrust direction and magnitude) all significantly affect friction behavior. Furthermore, since the coefficient of friction changes with temperature, relying solely on a fixed coefficient of friction for simulation analysis will lead to calculation results that deviate from reality, failing to effectively support braking system structural optimization and failure prediction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes. The system solves the technical problems mentioned in the background by constructing a spatiotemporal distribution array of friction coupling of automobile brake shoes during the braking process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes includes:

[0007] The model building unit is used to build a friction contact model; the friction contact model is used to describe the contact surface between the brake shoe and the friction plate.

[0008] The load acquisition unit is used to acquire the braking force load array applied to the brake shoes during the actual braking process;

[0009] The pressure distribution solution unit is used to input the braking force load array into the friction contact model to solve the contact pressure distribution;

[0010] Friction coefficient acquisition unit, used to acquire the friction coefficient of the friction plate;

[0011] The distribution calculation unit is used to calculate the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points based on the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution;

[0012] The spatiotemporal distribution acquisition unit is used to acquire the friction force distribution of several contact surfaces at different time points, and obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, a frictional contact model is constructed, including:

[0014] S1-1, Construct the first finite element model of the brake shoe;

[0015] S1-2, Construct the second finite element model of the friction plate;

[0016] S1-3. Combine the first finite element model of the brake shoe with the second finite element model of the friction plate to generate a friction contact model.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, constructing a first finite element model of the brake shoe includes:

[0018] S1-1-1, Obtain the first geometric parameters of the brake shoe;

[0019] S1-1-2. Input the first geometric parameters of the brake shoe into the finite element analysis software to create the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe;

[0020] S1-1-3. Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe to obtain a first finite element model with several discretized meshes.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, constructing a second finite element model of the friction plate includes:

[0022] S1-2-1. Obtain the second geometric parameters of the friction pad that is in contact with the brake shoe;

[0023] S1-2-2. Input the second geometric parameters into the finite element analysis software to construct the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate;

[0024] S1-2-3. Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate to obtain a second finite element model with several discretized meshes.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the first finite element model of the brake shoe is combined with the second finite element model of the friction plate to generate a friction contact model, including:

[0026] S1-3-1. Mark the contact surface of the brake shoe and the contact surface of the friction plate from the first geometric parameters and the second geometric parameters, respectively;

[0027] S1-3-2. Establish a contact surface index for the marked contact surfaces of the brake shoes and friction pads;

[0028] S1-3-3. Based on the contact surface index, obtain the contact surface features of the brake shoe in the first geometric parameters, and obtain the contact surface features of the friction plate in the second geometric parameters.

[0029] S1-3-4. Define the geometric features of the contact surfaces based on the contact surface features of the brake shoes in the first geometric parameters and the contact surface features of the friction pads in the second geometric parameters.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the braking force load array is input into the friction contact model to solve for the contact pressure distribution, including:

[0031] S3-1. Distribute the braking force load array to several contact surfaces of the friction contact model; wherein, each contact surface is assigned a braking force load.

[0032] S3-2, Anchor the contact surface of the distributed braking force load, and obtain its contact surface shape, size and number of contact points from the geometric features of the contact surface;

[0033] S3-3. Calculate the contact pressure of the contact surface based on the shape, size, and number of contact points of the contact surface, as well as the allocated braking force load;

[0034] S3-4. Obtain the contact pressure of the several contact surfaces and use finite element analysis to solve for the contact pressure distribution.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the frictional force distribution of the contact surface at different time points is calculated based on the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution, including:

[0036] S5-1. Obtain the contact pressure distribution of the contact surface at different time points;

[0037] S5-2. Obtain the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points;

[0038] S5-3. Collect the friction coefficient corresponding to the friction plate based on the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points;

[0039] S5-4. Based on the friction coefficient and contact pressure distribution of the friction plates, calculate the friction force distribution on the contact surface at different time points;

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the frictional force distribution of several contact surfaces at different time points is obtained to obtain a spatiotemporal distribution array of braking friction during braking, including:

[0041] S6-1. Obtain the contact surface index of several contact surfaces;

[0042] S6-2. Based on the contact surface index of the plurality of contact surfaces, obtain the friction force distribution of the plurality of contact surfaces at different time points;

[0043] S6-3. Obtain the spatial coordinates of the contact surfaces according to the contact surface index of the contact surfaces;

[0044] S6-4. Generate a spatial index for each contact surface based on the spatial coordinates of several contact surfaces; where the spatial index represents the centroid coordinates of the spatial coordinate geometry of each contact surface.

[0045] S6-5. The spatial index and the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points are fused to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process.

[0046] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] This invention constructs a friction contact model that includes the geometric features of the contact surfaces of the brake shoe and friction pad, accurately characterizing the contact state and contact area distribution between them. By combining the first and second geometric parameters of the brake shoe and friction pad, separate three-dimensional finite element models are established, and mesh refinement is performed in the contact area to improve the accuracy of contact pressure calculation. Regarding load input, the system collects a braking force load array consisting of the hydraulic pressure output by the cylinder, the direction, magnitude, and application rate of the piston thrust during actual braking, and maps it to each contact surface, achieving dynamic solution of the contact pressure distribution. This process calculates the contact pressure element by element by anchoring each contact surface and combining its shape, area, and number of contact points. In terms of friction behavior modeling, the system introduces a time dimension to obtain the contact pressure and temperature distributions at different time points, and obtains the friction coefficient at the corresponding time based on the temperature-friction coefficient relationship, thereby calculating the friction force of each contact element at different times. Finally, the system extracts the centroid position from the spatial coordinates of multiple contact surfaces and establishes a spatial index, fusing the friction force data of each contact surface at different times to form a spatiotemporal distribution array of braking friction with temporal and spatial information. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a braking friction coupling analysis system based on automotive brake shoes according to the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction process of the friction contact model described in this invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation process of the spatiotemporal distribution array described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a braking friction coupling analysis system based on automotive brake shoes, comprising:

[0054] The model building unit is used to build a friction contact model; the friction contact model is used to describe the contact surface between the brake shoe and the friction plate.

[0055] For example, the frictional contact model includes the geometric features of the contact surface shape, the distribution of the contact area, and the type of frictional contact (such as surface-to-surface contact, point contact, etc.).

[0056] The load acquisition unit is used to acquire the braking force load array applied to the brake shoes during the actual braking process;

[0057] The braking force load array includes the hydraulic pressure output by the cylinder, the direction of piston thrust, the magnitude of piston thrust, and the application rate. For example, the hydraulic pressure, thrust direction, and application rate are acquired in real time by pressure sensors and force sensors in the vehicle braking system.

[0058] The pressure distribution solution unit is used to input the braking force load array into the friction contact model to solve the contact pressure distribution;

[0059] Friction coefficient acquisition unit, used to acquire the friction coefficient of the friction plate;

[0060] The distribution calculation unit is used to calculate the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points based on the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution;

[0061] The spatiotemporal distribution acquisition unit is used to acquire the frictional force distribution of several contact surfaces at different time points, and obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process.

[0062] This embodiment constructs a frictional contact model and combines it with the braking force load array obtained during actual braking to achieve a dynamic solution for the contact pressure distribution between the brake shoe and the friction pad. Based on this, it further combines the temporal changes of the friction coefficient and contact pressure to calculate the frictional force distribution of the contact surface at different time points. Finally, it integrates the frictional force data of multiple contact surfaces in the spatiotemporal dimension to form a spatiotemporal distribution array of braking friction during the braking process, thereby enabling analysis of the change process of frictional force in each contact area during braking. This spatiotemporal distribution array provides a basic data format for visualization and data analysis, enabling dynamic recording of the changes in frictional behavior over time and space during braking.

[0063] In this embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:

[0064] S1-1, Construct the first finite element model of the brake shoe;

[0065] S1-2, Construct the second finite element model of the friction plate;

[0066] S1-3. Combine the first finite element model of the brake shoe with the second finite element model of the friction plate to generate a friction contact model.

[0067] This embodiment constructs finite element models of brake shoes and friction pads, and combines these models to generate a friction contact model that can characterize the braking friction coupling of the brake shoes of an automobile.

[0068] Further, step S1-1 specifically includes:

[0069] S1-1-1, Obtain the first geometric parameters of the brake shoe;

[0070] Specifically, the first geometric parameters include the dimensions, radius of curvature, thickness, assembly angle, and surface roughness of the brake shoe. For example, the dimensions of the brake shoe can be obtained using a 3D laser scanner or CNC measuring equipment, while the radius of curvature, thickness, etc., can be extracted using measuring tools or design drawings.

[0071] S1-1-2. Input the first geometric parameters of the brake shoe into the finite element analysis software to create the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe;

[0072] For example, if the brake shoe is an arc-shaped structure with curvature, the "Create Solid" function in the finite element software can be used to input parameters such as radius and thickness to generate an arc-shaped brake shoe model.

[0073] S1-1-3. Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe to obtain a first finite element model with several discretized meshes.

[0074] For example, the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe is meshed using the meshing tool of finite element analysis software. Based on the required computational accuracy, an appropriate element type (such as tetrahedron, hexahedron, etc.) is selected, and the mesh size is defined.

[0075] Finer meshes are used in contact areas and stress concentration areas (such as the brake contact surface of brake shoes) to improve calculation accuracy; coarser meshes are used in other areas to improve calculation efficiency.

[0076] Further, step S1-2 specifically includes:

[0077] S1-2-1: Obtain the second geometric parameters of the friction pad that is in contact with the brake shoe.

[0078] The second geometric parameters include: the size of the friction pad contact surface, such as length and width; the overall thickness of the friction pad, which affects friction performance and heat conduction; the fit profile: the shape or profile of the friction pad surface used to fit with the contact surface of the brake shoe; and the surface roughness: the roughness of the friction pad surface directly affects the coefficient of friction and wear performance.

[0079] For example, the geometric data of the friction pad can be obtained from the actual part by means of a 3D scanner, CAD model import, or manual measurement (such as calipers).

[0080] S1-2-2: Input the second geometric parameters into the finite element analysis software to construct the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate;

[0081] S1-2-3: Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate to obtain a second finite element model with several discretized meshes.

[0082] In this embodiment, by constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the friction plate and using fine mesh generation, the analysis of the friction plate can produce high-precision results in contact force calculation. For the contact surface area of ​​the friction plate, refining the mesh ensures more accurate calculation of stress and friction within the contact area.

[0083] Furthermore, steps S1-3 specifically include:

[0084] S1-3-1. Mark the contact surface of the brake shoe and the contact surface of the friction plate from the first geometric parameters and the second geometric parameters, respectively;

[0085] Specifically, based on the size and radius of curvature of the brake shoe, the area in contact with the friction pad is marked in its first finite element model and defined as the contact surface of the brake shoe. Based on the geometric characteristics of the friction pad (such as the friction surface size and thickness), the area in contact with the brake shoe is marked in its second finite element model and defined as the contact surface of the friction pad.

[0086] For example, if the brake shoe is arc-shaped and the portion in contact with the friction pad is an arc-shaped area, the extent of this arc-shaped area is calculated using geometric parameters and marked as the contact surface. The contact surface of the friction pad can be defined by its dimensions and fit profile.

[0087] S1-3-2. Establish a contact surface index for the marked contact surfaces of the brake shoes and friction pads;

[0088] Specifically, the contact surface index represents assigning a unique identifier to each contact surface region so that each contact surface can be identified in the finite element model.

[0089] For example, the brake shoe contact surfaces are named C1, C2, ..., and the friction pad contact surfaces are named F1, F2, ... Then, the contact surface index is completed using the geometric features of the contact areas in the geometric model, such as position and shape.

[0090] S1-3-3. Based on the contact surface index, obtain the contact surface features of the brake shoe in the first geometric parameters, and obtain the contact surface features of the friction plate in the second geometric parameters.

[0091] The contact surface features of the brake shoe and friction pad are extracted using contact surface indexing. The contact surface features of the brake shoe include the shape, size, and curvature of the contact surface, as well as the features of the area in contact with the friction pad. The contact surface features of the friction pad include the geometric characteristics of the contact area, such as the shape, size, and surface roughness of the friction surface.

[0092] For example, if the brake shoe contact surface is a circular arc surface, the corresponding contact surface characteristics include radius, curvature, and contact position. The friction pad contact surface includes the length, width, and surface roughness of the contact area.

[0093] S1-3-4. Define the geometric features of the contact surfaces based on the contact surface features of the brake shoes in the first geometric parameters and the contact surface features of the friction pads in the second geometric parameters.

[0094] Based on the obtained contact surface characteristics, the geometric properties of the contact surface are further defined.

[0095] The geometric characteristics of the contact surface include geometric parameters such as contact surface area, contact line shape, and contact angle.

[0096] For example, if the brake shoe contact surface is arc-shaped and the friction pad contact surface is flat, the geometric features of the contact surface can be described as the contact area, contact edge shape and contact angle of the arc surface of the brake shoe and the flat surface of the friction pad in the contact area.

[0097] In this embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:

[0098] S3-1. Distribute the braking force load array to several contact surfaces of the friction contact model; wherein, each contact surface is assigned a braking force load.

[0099] Specifically, step S3-1 includes:

[0100] Load distribution: The input braking force load array is rationally distributed to each contact surface of the friction contact model according to the geometric characteristics of the contact surfaces in the contact model. Each contact surface bears a different load based on its size, shape, and location.

[0101] Load mapping: By calculating the contact area of ​​the model, the applied braking force is distributed to the contact points according to the grid cells on the contact surface, ensuring the uniformity of load distribution.

[0102] S3-2, Anchor the contact surface of the distributed braking force load, and obtain its contact surface shape, size and number of contact points from the geometric features of the contact surface;

[0103] Specifically, step S3-2 includes:

[0104] Anchoring contact surfaces: Determine the specific location of each contact surface in the model and "anchor" the contact surface. This means assigning corresponding geometric features and contact points to each contact surface.

[0105] Obtain contact surface features: Extract geometric features from the marked contact surfaces, including the shape (such as plane, circle, arc, etc.), size, and number of contact points.

[0106] S3-3. Calculate the contact pressure of the contact surface based on the shape, size, and number of contact points of the contact surface, as well as the allocated braking force load;

[0107] Contact pressure is characterized as the contact pressure exerted by the braking force load on a unit area of ​​each contact surface. Specifically, the contact pressure is calculated as the ratio of the applied braking force load on each contact unit to the area of ​​that contact unit.

[0108]

[0109] Among them, QUOTE This indicates the contact pressure on contact unit i. It is the braking force load distributed to contact unit i. It is the contact area of ​​contact unit i.

[0110] S3-4. Obtain the contact pressure of the several contact surfaces and use finite element analysis to solve for the contact pressure distribution.

[0111] The contact pressures of several contact surfaces are input into finite element analysis software for global solution. The distribution of contact pressure on the contact surfaces is determined through finite element analysis, yielding the specific contact pressure for each contact element.

[0112] In this embodiment, step S5 specifically includes:

[0113] S5-1. Obtain the contact pressure distribution of the contact surface at different time points.

[0114] Specifically, step S5-1 includes:

[0115] Contact pressure acquisition: Based on the contact pressure distribution solution results in steps S3-4 above, obtain the contact pressure distribution of the contact surface at different time points.

[0116] Temporal variation of contact pressure: As the braking process proceeds, the contact pressure changes over time. It is necessary to record and save the contact pressure data at each time point to ensure that the data accurately reflects the load and temperature changes during the braking process.

[0117] For example, the contact pressure at each time point can be tracked and recorded in real time through the output of sensors or simulation models.

[0118] S5-2. Obtain the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points.

[0119] Specifically, step S5-2 includes:

[0120] Temperature distribution measurement: Acquire temperature data during braking, especially the temperature changes at the contact surface at different time points.

[0121] Temperature monitoring equipment: Temperature measurement equipment such as thermocouples and infrared sensors are used to obtain the temperature distribution of the contact surface during the braking process.

[0122] For example, an infrared sensor can be used to monitor the temperature of the contact surface, or a thermocouple can be embedded in the contact surface to obtain accurate temperature distribution data.

[0123] S5-3. Based on the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points, collect the friction coefficient corresponding to the friction plate.

[0124] Specifically, step S5-2 includes:

[0125] Relationship between friction coefficient and temperature: The friction coefficient typically changes with temperature. The friction coefficient of a friction pad at different temperatures can be obtained through experiments or material property data.

[0126] Temperature-friction coefficient data acquisition: Based on the temperature distribution data obtained in S5-2, find or calculate the friction coefficient at the corresponding temperature.

[0127] For example, the corresponding friction coefficient values ​​at different temperatures can be obtained by consulting the temperature-friction coefficient relationship table of the friction plate or by using experimental data from the material library.

[0128] S5-4. Based on the friction coefficient and contact pressure distribution of the friction plates, calculate the friction force distribution on the contact surface at different time points;

[0129] Specifically, step S5-2 includes:

[0130] Friction force calculation formula: Based on the known contact pressure and coefficient of friction, the following formula is used to calculate the friction force on the contact surface at different time points:

[0131] QUOTE ;

[0132] QUOTE Let QUOTE be the contact pressure of the contact surface at time t. Let be the coefficient of friction at time t. This represents the calculated frictional force.

[0133] Calculation of friction force distribution: The friction force distribution on the contact surface is obtained by calculating all contact units. The friction force is calculated for each contact unit at different time points, forming complete friction force time-series data.

[0134] In this embodiment, step S6 specifically includes:

[0135] S6-1. Obtain the contact surface index of several contact surfaces;

[0136] S6-2. Based on the contact surface index of the plurality of contact surfaces, obtain the friction force distribution of the plurality of contact surfaces at different time points;

[0137] Specifically, step S6-2 includes:

[0138] Friction force distribution extraction: Based on the friction force distribution data obtained in S7, the friction force is assigned to the corresponding contact surface according to the contact surface index. The friction force of each contact surface at each time point is calculated by the friction force formula in the previous steps.

[0139] Time-series friction data: For each contact surface, the friction force distribution at different time points is stored as a time series data. The friction force at each time point is matched with the contact surface index.

[0140] S6-3. Obtain the spatial coordinates of the contact surfaces according to the contact surface index of the contact surfaces;

[0141] Specifically, step S6-3 includes:

[0142] Spatial coordinate extraction: Extracting the position (spatial coordinates) of each contact surface in three-dimensional space from the contact surface geometry data. The spatial coordinates of each contact surface are determined by its geometric features (such as circle, arc, etc.) and its position in the finite element model.

[0143] Contact surface geometry analysis: For each contact surface, record its centroid coordinates or boundary coordinates and other positional data.

[0144] S6-4. Generate a spatial index for each contact surface based on the spatial coordinates of several contact surfaces; where the spatial index represents the centroid coordinates of the spatial coordinate geometry of each contact surface.

[0145] Specifically, step S6-4 includes:

[0146] Spatial index creation: Based on the spatial coordinates of the contact surfaces, calculate the centroid coordinates of each contact surface in three-dimensional space. The centroid coordinates are typically the geometric center point of the contact surfaces, used to characterize their positions.

[0147] Spatial index assignment: A spatial index is assigned to each contact surface to identify its position in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the contact surface can be quickly located in the model using the spatial index.

[0148] S6-5. The spatial index and the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points are fused to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process.

[0149] The spatiotemporal distribution array needs to combine the friction force data of each contact surface at each time point with the (spatial coordinates) of that contact surface.

[0150] The frictional force of each contact surface at a certain point in time can be represented as a three-dimensional data point, where the spatial coordinates represent the position of the contact surface, and the frictional force distribution represents the frictional force of the contact surface at that point in time.

[0151] Specifically, for each contact surface C1, the data at time point t1 can be represented as a multidimensional vector, namely, the spatial coordinates and the frictional force at that coordinate at the time point; and the frictional force at all spatial coordinates at the time points is the spatiotemporal distribution array mentioned above.

[0152] Visualization tools (such as MATLAB and Python) can be used to visualize the generated spatiotemporal distribution array, resulting in a dynamic display of the friction force distribution over time and space. This can help analyze the friction force distribution in different contact areas during braking, as well as its changes over time.

[0153] This spatiotemporal distribution array uses the centroid coordinates of the contact surface as a three-dimensional spatial index, braking time as a sequence axis, and friction force values ​​on the contact element as the data volume, constructing a multidimensional data structure with geometric mapping relationships. Each data point in this data structure corresponds to the friction force response value of the brake shoe and friction pad at a specific time and location, and a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the contact element number in the finite element model and the spatial coordinates. This achieves an accurate characterization of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of friction behavior during braking, and can be used to identify local high-stress areas, friction non-uniformity characteristics, and dynamic friction response hysteresis.

[0154] This embodiment constructs a braking friction distribution array with spatiotemporal characteristics by indexing the spatial coordinates of multiple contact surfaces and fusing them with friction force distribution data at different time points. This array uses the centroid of the contact surface as the spatial index, time as the sequence axis, and the magnitude of friction force as the numerical dimension, comprehensively characterizing the dynamic evolution of friction force in each contact area during braking. Through this spatiotemporal distribution array, areas of concentrated friction force, areas of unstable friction, and areas with potential thermal damage risks can be intuitively identified, thus providing visual support for the safety assessment, friction material selection, and structural optimization of automotive braking systems.

[0155] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.

[0156] The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g.,...), etc. DVD ( ), or semiconductor media. Semiconductor media can be solid-state drives (SSDs).

[0157] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Furthermore, the mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0158] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes, characterized in that, include: The model building unit is used to build a friction contact model; the friction contact model is used to describe the contact surface between the brake shoe and the friction plate. The load acquisition unit is used to acquire the braking force load array applied to the brake shoes during the actual braking process; The pressure distribution solution unit is used to input the braking force load array into the friction contact model to solve the contact pressure distribution; Friction coefficient acquisition unit, used to acquire the friction coefficient of the friction plate; The distribution calculation unit is used to calculate the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points based on the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution; The spatiotemporal distribution acquisition unit is used to acquire the friction force distribution of several contact surfaces at different time points, and obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process; The construction of the frictional contact model includes: Construct the first finite element model of the brake shoe; Construct a second finite element model of the friction plate; The first finite element model of the brake shoe is combined with the second finite element model of the friction plate to generate a friction contact model; The first finite element model for constructing the brake shoe includes: Obtain the first geometric parameters of the brake shoe; The first geometric parameters of the brake shoe are input into the finite element analysis software to create the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe; Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the brake shoe to obtain a first finite element model with several discretized meshes; The second finite element model for constructing the friction plate includes: Obtain the second geometric parameters of the friction pads that are in contact with the brake shoes. The second geometric parameter is input into the finite element analysis software to construct the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate; Mesh the three-dimensional geometry of the friction plate to obtain a second finite element model with several discretized meshes; The step of combining the first finite element model of the brake shoe with the second finite element model of the friction plate to generate a friction contact model includes: The contact surfaces of the brake shoes and the friction plates are marked from the first and second geometric parameters, respectively. Establish a contact surface index for the marked contact surfaces of the brake shoes and friction pads; Based on the contact surface index, obtain the contact surface features of the brake shoe in the first geometric parameters, and obtain the contact surface features of the friction plate in the second geometric parameters; The geometric features of the contact surfaces are defined based on the contact surface features of the brake shoes in the first geometric parameters and the contact surface features of the friction plates in the second geometric parameters.

2. The braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking force load array is input into the friction contact model to solve for the contact pressure distribution, including: S3-1. Distribute the braking force load array to several contact surfaces of the friction contact model; wherein, each contact surface is assigned a braking force load. S3-2, Anchor the contact surface of the distributed braking force load, and obtain its contact surface shape, size and number of contact points from the geometric features of the contact surface; S3-3. Calculate the contact pressure of the contact surface based on the shape, size, and number of contact points of the contact surface, as well as the allocated braking force load; S3-4. Obtain the contact pressure of the several contact surfaces and use finite element analysis to solve for the contact pressure distribution.

3. The braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the friction coefficient and the contact pressure distribution, the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points is calculated, including: S5-1. Obtain the contact pressure distribution of the contact surface at different time points. S5-2. Obtain the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points. S5-3. Based on the temperature distribution of the contact surface at different time points, collect the friction coefficient corresponding to the friction plate. S5-4. Based on the friction coefficient and contact pressure distribution of the friction plates, calculate the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points.

4. The braking friction coupling analysis system based on automobile brake shoes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frictional force distribution of several contact surfaces at different time points is obtained to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process, including: S6-1. Obtain the contact surface index of several contact surfaces; S6-2. Based on the contact surface index of the plurality of contact surfaces, obtain the friction force distribution of the plurality of contact surfaces at different time points; S6-3. Obtain the spatial coordinates of the contact surfaces according to the contact surface index of the contact surfaces; S6-4. Generate a spatial index for each contact surface based on the spatial coordinates of several contact surfaces; where the spatial index represents the centroid coordinates of the spatial coordinate geometry of each contact surface. S6-5. The spatial index and the friction force distribution of the contact surface at different time points are fused to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution array of the braking friction during the braking process.

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