Early detection and alarm system and method for battery explosion

Abstract

The invention provides a battery explosion early detection alarm system and method, and relates to the technical field of battery safety management. According to the early detection and alarm system for battery explosion, through the temperature sensor, the voltage detector, the analysis unit, the data processing unit and the alarm sending unit, early detection of toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion is achieved through the temperature rise rate and the voltage change rate in the battery, it is guaranteed that emergency alarm is given out within 5-30 seconds before explosion occurs, and the safety of explosion is guaranteed. Possible safety risks are recognized and responded in advance, the purpose of disaster prevention is achieved, intervention can be conveniently conducted before serious faults of the battery in the follow-up process, potential explosion accidents are prevented, and casualties and injury risks are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery safety management, in particular to a battery explosion early detection alarm system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Battery explosion is a rare but dangerous event that can cause serious personal injury and property damage. There are usually some obvious signs before a battery explosion, and the general steps for battery explosion identification are as follows: 1. Appearance inspection: check the battery appearance for deformation, cracks or leakage signs. 2. Detect voltage: use professional tools to measure the voltage of the battery. If the battery voltage is abnormally high or low, it means that the battery may have a problem. These signs indicate that the lithium battery may explode soon, so that safety measures can be taken immediately.

[0003] In the prior art, if a battery explodes during use, there is generally no real-time detection alarm system, which makes it impossible to intervene before the battery fails seriously, thereby preventing potential explosion accidents. At the same time, battery explosion can cause serious personal injury or even death, increasing the risk of injury.

[0004] Therefore, the present application has developed a new battery explosion early detection alarm system and method. SUMMARY

[0005] (I) Technical problems solved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a battery explosion early detection alarm system and method, which solves the problem that in the prior art, if a battery explodes during use, there is generally no real-time detection alarm system, which makes it impossible to intervene before the battery fails seriously, thereby preventing potential explosion accidents. At the same time, battery explosion can cause serious personal injury or even death, increasing the risk of injury.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical solutions: a battery explosion early detection alarm system for realizing early detection of toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion by using the internal temperature rise rate and voltage change rate of the battery, ensuring that an emergency alarm is sent within 5 to 30 seconds before explosion occurs to achieve the purpose of disaster prevention, comprising: A temperature sensor for real-time and continuous collection of temperature data of the battery to monitor the change of the internal temperature of the battery; A voltage detector for real-time and continuous collection of voltage data of the battery to monitor the time change of the unit voltage; An analysis unit for calculating the change rate of temperature and voltage and comparing and analyzing the temperature and voltage data; The data processing unit adjusts the voltage change rate according to the unit capacity (C) and the current discharge current (I), considers the internal impedance change according to the battery health state indicator SOH (State of Health), removes the very important element of the non-SOH system, and further improves the explosion detection accuracy. The alarm sending unit sends an alarm signal to the user or an external system when the defined condition is detected, and sends an emergency alarm in time.

[0007] Preferably, the voltage change rate adjustment is performed according to the unit capacity and the current discharge current, and considers the battery health state indicator SOH, and performs abnormality discrimination according to the internal resistance tendency, so as to avoid false alarms and explosion detection errors.

[0008] Preferably, the defined condition of the alarm sending unit is that when the temperature rise rate is greater than 5℃ / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds, the system sends an emergency alarm in time.

[0009] Preferably, the system can alarm within 5-30 seconds before the explosion occurs, with an accuracy of more than 95%.

[0010] The application also provides a battery explosion early detection alarm method, comprising the following specific steps: Step one, when the battery is normally charged and discharged, the temperature rise rate (℃ / sec) and the voltage change rate (% / sec) are monitored synchronously. Step two, through analysis, the voltage change rate is adjusted according to the unit capacity and the current discharge current, and the battery health state indicator SOH is considered, and whether it is an abnormal pre-explosion state is judged according to the internal resistance tendency, so as to avoid false alarms. Step three, when the temperature rise rate is greater than 5℃ / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds, the system sends an emergency alarm in time, and the data processing unit gives an emergency treatment instruction (such as isolation and cutoff current) before the explosion, to reduce the disaster impact.

[0011] (Three) beneficial effects The application provides a battery explosion early detection alarm system and method, which has the following beneficial effects: The battery explosion early detection alarm system and method, through the temperature sensor, the voltage detector, the analysis unit, the data processing unit and the alarm sending unit, utilizes the battery internal temperature rising rate and the voltage change rate, realizes early detection on the toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion, ensures that the emergency alarm is sent within 5 seconds to 30 seconds before explosion, so as to identify and respond to possible safety risks in advance, achieve the disaster prevention purpose, facilitate subsequent intervention before the battery has a serious fault, thereby preventing potential explosion accidents and reducing personnel casualties and injury risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The method flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] As Figure 1 shown, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] Embodiment: A battery explosion early detection alarm system is used to utilize the battery internal temperature rising rate and the voltage change rate, realize early detection on the toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion, ensure that the emergency alarm is sent within 5 seconds to 30 seconds before explosion, achieve the disaster prevention purpose, and comprises: 1. A temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature data of the battery in real time and continuously, and monitor the change of the internal temperature of the battery; Specifically, the temperature sensor is a device capable of measuring the temperature of a specific point on the surface or inside the battery. Common types include thermocouples, NTC / PTC thermistors, etc. It is installed at key positions of the battery, such as the surface of the cell, near the BMS (battery management system) or different areas of the battery pack; When the battery starts to have an initial fault such as internal short circuit, overcharge or other causes of thermal runaway, abnormal heat will be generated, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. The temperature sensor is responsible for capturing this change.

[0015] 2. A voltage detector, the voltage detector is used to collect the voltage data of the battery in real time and continuously, and monitor the time change of the unit voltage; Specifically, the voltage detector is responsible for monitoring the terminal voltage of the battery cell or battery pack. It can be a simple voltage divider circuit combined with an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), or it can be part of a more complex battery monitoring chip (such as a BMU - Battery Management Unit); In the early stage of thermal runaway, the internal impedance of the battery may increase due to the intensification of chemical reactions, and at the same time, micro-short circuits may occur inside, causing abnormal rapid drops in battery voltage. The voltage detector is responsible for capturing this voltage change.

[0016] 3、 Analysis unit: The analysis unit is used to calculate the rate of change of temperature and voltage, and to conduct comparative analysis of temperature and voltage data; Specifically, the analysis unit is a software module or algorithm running on a microcontroller (MCU), digital signal processor (DSP), or dedicated processing chip. It receives raw data from temperature sensors and voltage detectors; Among them, the core function of the analysis unit is to calculate the rate of change of temperature and voltage (i.e. the amount of temperature change dT / dt and the amount of voltage change dV / dt per unit time). It determines whether these rates of change have exceeded the normal operating range by setting a predetermined threshold or using more complex pattern recognition algorithms. In simple terms, it is responsible for determining whether the temperature is rising too quickly and whether the voltage is falling too quickly.

[0017] 4、 Data processing unit: The data processing unit adjusts the voltage rate of change according to the cell capacity (C) and the current discharge current (I), and considers the internal impedance change according to the battery health state indicator SOH (State of Health), removes non-SOH system elements, and further improves the accuracy of explosion detection; Specifically, the data processing unit is a higher-level processing unit that can be on the same chip as the analysis unit, or it can be a more powerful processor (such as a microprocessor MPU or embedded computer). It receives the "abnormal" or "normal" signals output by the analysis unit, as well as raw or processed data; Among them, the data processing unit conducts more complex logical judgments, decision-making, and records event logs, calculates battery health state (SOH) related indicators, etc. The voltage rate of change is adjusted according to the cell capacity and the current discharge current, and the battery health state indicator SOH is considered, and the non-normality is distinguished according to the internal resistance tendency to avoid false positives and explosion detection errors. When the analysis unit detects abnormal rate of change, the data processing unit will confirm this signal, judge its severity, and decide whether to trigger an alarm. It is like the "brain" of the system, responsible for comprehensive judgment and decision-making.

[0018] 5. Alarm sending unit: When the alarm sending unit detects the above-defined conditions, it transmits the alarm signal to the user or external system and sends an emergency alarm immediately; Specifically, the alarm sending unit transmits the alarm signal to the user or external system. It can be a simple LED indicator, buzzer, or a communication module connected to the network (such as Wi-Fi, cellular network, CAN bus); The alarm transmission unit is defined as a system that sends an emergency alarm if the temperature rise rate exceeds 5°C / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds. After the data processing unit confirms the need for an alarm, it is responsible for issuing a visible or audible alarm or transmitting alarm information (such as time, location, battery number, and abnormality type) to the battery safety system terminal so that emergency measures (such as disconnecting high voltage and evacuating personnel) can be taken.

[0019] The present invention also provides a battery explosion early detection and alarm method, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: After the system is started, when the battery is normally charged and discharged, the temperature sensor and voltage detector begin to continuously collect the battery temperature and voltage data, synchronously monitor the temperature rise rate (°C / sec) and voltage change rate (% / sec), and transmit the collected raw data to the analysis unit in real time; Step 2: The analysis unit continuously calculates the rate of change of temperature and voltage (dT / dt, dV / dt). It compares these rates with preset safety thresholds, adjusts the voltage rate of change based on the cell capacity and current discharge current, and considers the battery health status indicator (SOH). Based on the internal resistance trend, it determines whether the state is abnormal and pre-explosion state to avoid false alarms. If the calculated temperature rise rate or voltage drop rate exceeds a preset threshold, the analysis unit will flag a "potential thermal runaway early signal"; Step 3: After receiving this signal, the data processing unit will confirm and further analyze it. When the temperature rise rate is greater than 5°C / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds, it is confirmed that there is a risk and the data processing unit will make a decision to "trigger an alarm"; Subsequently, the alarm sending unit is activated, and the system immediately sends an emergency alarm and performs multiple actions simultaneously: lighting the warning light, emitting a harsh buzzer reminder, and sending detailed alarm information to the battery safety system terminal or cloud server through the communication module to notify relevant personnel; At the same time, the data processing unit will issue emergency handling instructions before the explosion (such as isolation, current cutoff) to reduce the impact of the disaster; Further, the system continues to monitor until the battery status returns to normal or is reset by external instructions (such as maintenance personnel operation). If the battery status does not improve after the alarm, the system may maintain the alarm state or escalate the alarm level.

[0020] The key of the system is the "early" detection. By focusing on the rate of change rather than the absolute value, it can more sensitively capture the subtle signals that the battery inside begins to change dangerously, and gain valuable time for preventing catastrophic accidents.

[0021] The core idea of the system of the present application is that at the early stage of thermal runaway (which may lead to explosion) of the battery, it usually shows abnormal rapid temperature rise and rapid voltage drop. By monitoring the change rate of these two key parameters, an early warning can be given before the disaster occurs, which can alarm within 5-30 seconds before the explosion with an accuracy of more than 95%.

[0022] In summary, the present application realizes early detection of toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion by using the temperature rise rate and voltage change rate inside the battery through the temperature sensor, voltage detector, analysis unit, data processing unit and alarm sending unit, ensures emergency alarm within 5-30 seconds before explosion, identifies and responds to possible safety risks in advance, achieves the purpose of disaster prevention, facilitates subsequent intervention before the battery fails seriously, thereby preventing potential explosion accidents, and reducing the risk of personnel casualties and injuries. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those having ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery explosion early detection and alarm system, which uses the internal temperature rise rate and voltage change rate of the battery to achieve early detection of toxic OFF-GAS release before explosion, ensuring that an emergency alarm is issued within 5 to 30 seconds before the explosion occurs, achieving the purpose of disaster prevention. The system is characterized by: include: A temperature sensor is used to collect battery temperature data in real time and continuously to monitor changes in the battery's internal temperature; A voltage detector, which is used to collect battery voltage data in real time and continuously to monitor the temporal variation of the cell voltage; Analysis unit: The analysis unit is used to calculate the rate of change of temperature and voltage and perform comparative analysis of temperature and voltage data; Data processing unit: The data processing unit adjusts the voltage change rate based on the cell capacity (C) and the current discharge current (I), and considers internal impedance changes based on the battery health status indicator SOH (State of Health), eliminating abnormal factors of non-SOH systems, and further improving the accuracy of explosion detection; Alarm sending unit: When the above-defined conditions are detected, the alarm sending unit transmits the alarm signal to the user or external system and sends an emergency alarm immediately.

2. The battery explosion early detection and alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage change rate is adjusted according to the cell capacity and the current discharge current, and the battery health status indicator SOH is taken into consideration. Abnormality is determined based on the internal resistance tendency to avoid false alarms and misjudgment of explosion detection.

3. The battery explosion early detection and alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The definition condition of the alarm sending unit is that when the temperature rise rate is greater than 5°C / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds, the system immediately sends an emergency alarm.

4. The battery explosion early detection and alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system can sound an alarm with an accuracy rate of over 95% within 5 to 30 seconds before an explosion occurs.

5. A battery explosion early detection and alarm method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: When the battery is normally charged and discharged, the temperature rise rate (°C / sec) and voltage change rate (% / sec) are monitored simultaneously; Step 2: By analyzing the cell, the voltage change rate is adjusted according to the cell capacity and current discharge current, and the battery health status indicator SOH is considered. Based on the internal resistance trend, it is determined whether it is an abnormal pre-explosion state to avoid false alarms; Step 3: When the temperature rise rate is greater than 5°C / sec and the adjusted voltage change rate exceeds 10% within five seconds, the system will immediately send an emergency alarm. At the same time, the data processing unit will give pre-explosion emergency handling instructions (such as isolation, current cutoff) to reduce the impact of the disaster.

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