A multi-phase ceramic composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate for a ball mill and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ceramic metal composite materials, and particularly relates to a multiphase ceramic composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and a metal-based ceramic composite lining plate for a ball mill and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises, in terms of weight fractions, 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-10 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide. The dense ceramic plate is obtained through mixing, wet grinding, drying, pressing and high-temperature sintering, and is further broken and screened to form a special-shaped ceramic sheet. The special-shaped sheet is laid in a mold and filled with high-chromium cast iron powder, and is subjected to vibration and high-temperature sintering to form a stable integrated metal-based ceramic composite lining plate. The prepared lining plate has high hardness of ceramic and toughness of metal, and is suitable for high-wear equipment such as a ball mill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic-metal composite materials, specifically relating to a multiphase ceramic composite plate and its preparation method, and a metal-based ceramic composite liner for ball mills and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Ball mills, widely used in mining, building materials, metallurgy, and chemical industries, rely on internal liners that play a crucial role in protecting the mill body, preventing wear, and enhancing grinding efficiency during long-term operation. Currently, commonly used liner materials include high-manganese steel, high-chromium cast iron, rubber liners, and ceramic liners. Each material has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, high-manganese steel liners have high impact toughness but insufficient wear resistance; ceramic liners offer excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, but are brittle, have poor load-bearing capacity, and are prone to breakage, limiting their application in heavy-duty ball milling conditions.

[0003] To improve the overall performance of lining plates, some studies have proposed using metal matrix composites or ceramic-metal composite technologies to combine the high strength of metals with the wear resistance of ceramics. Typical methods include embedding ceramic particles or ceramic strips into a metal matrix, and employing processes such as casting, hot pressing sintering, and thermal spraying during preparation. However, existing technologies still suffer from problems such as weak bonding between ceramics and metals, large differences in thermal expansion coefficients leading to detachment, and complex or costly composite processes, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve wear resistance, reliability, and manufacturing economy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a metal-based ceramic composite liner with a reasonable structure, strong interfacial bonding, simple manufacturing process, excellent wear resistance, and adaptability to the harsh working environment of ball mills, as well as its preparation method, to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies and improve the operating efficiency and service life of ball mill equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a multiphase ceramic composite plate, comprising, by weight, the following components: 70-90 parts zirconium oxide, 5-10 parts silicon carbide, 5-10 parts alumina, 2-6 parts titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts tungsten carbide, 2-4 parts scandium oxide, 2-4 parts cobalt oxide, 1-3 parts potassium tantalate, 1-3 parts potassium titanate, 1-2 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1-2 parts erbium oxide; the multiphase ceramic composite plate is obtained by wet milling, pressing, and sintering of the composition.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the composition comprises the following components by weight: 80 parts zirconium oxide, 9 parts silicon carbide, 6 parts aluminum oxide, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts tungsten carbide, 3 parts scandium oxide, 3 parts cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts potassium titanate, 1.5 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts erbium oxide.

[0007] This invention also provides a method for preparing multiphase ceramic composite plates, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh the following materials in the following weight proportions: 70-90 parts of zirconium oxide powder ceramic, 5-10 parts of silicon carbide powder ceramic, 5-10 parts of alumina powder ceramic, 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide powder, 2-5 parts of tungsten carbide alloy powder, 2-4 parts of scandium oxide powder, 2-4 parts of cobalt oxide powder, 1-3 parts of potassium tantalate powder, 1-3 parts of potassium titanate powder, 1-2 parts of bismuth trioxide powder, and 1-2 parts of erbium oxide powder. S2. Mixing process: Place all the weighed powders into the mixing equipment in a dry state and stir continuously for 1-2 hours to form an initial mixture; S3. Wet milling dispersion: Add ethanol to the initial mixture to prepare a slurry, transfer it to a ball mill for ball milling for 4-6 hours, and maintain an inert atmosphere during the process; S4. Drying and sieving: The ball-milled slurry is dried at a temperature of 80-120℃, and then sieved to obtain composite ceramic powder. S5. Plate pressing: The sieved ceramic powder is loaded into a mold of a preset size and pressed to 2-5mm under a pressure of 100-200MPa to form a plate-shaped blank. S6. High-temperature sintering: The plate-shaped blank is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated continuously for 3-5 hours in the range of 1900-2100℃ with hydrogen atmosphere. After sintering, multiphase ceramic plates are obtained.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, in step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 100-200 nm; the particle size of the silicon carbide powder, alumina powder, titanium dioxide powder, tungsten carbide alloy powder, scandium oxide powder, cobalt oxide powder, potassium tantalate powder, potassium titanate powder, bismuth trioxide powder, and erbium oxide powder is 100-150 nm.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, in step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 120-150 nm; the particle size of the other components is 100-120 nm.

[0010] The present invention also provides a metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill, comprising: a wear-resistant panel layer and a high-chromium cast iron back plate layer, wherein the wear-resistant panel layer contains irregularly shaped sheets obtained by crushing and sieving the multiphase ceramic composite plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, crushing refers to using a chain crusher or a hammer crusher to crush the multiphase ceramic composite plate to obtain plate fragments.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, sieving refers to passing the plate fragments through sieves with apertures of 10mm and 50mm successively to obtain multiphase ceramic irregular-shaped sheets with a size of 10-50mm.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned metal-based ceramic composite liner for ball mills, comprising the following steps: A1. Bottom laying: The multiphase ceramic irregular sheet is evenly laid on the bottom of the refractory mold. The layer thickness is controlled at 10-20mm. Natural gaps are left between the particles to avoid overlapping and stacking. After laying, the surface is mechanically leveled to ensure that the surface is basically level and stable. A2. Metal powder filling: Add high-chromium cast iron powder into the mold and slowly pour it onto the irregularly shaped ceramic particles. The filling thickness is controlled at 40-80mm. Then apply mechanical vibration, with the vibration frequency controlled at 30-60Hz and the duration at 30-90 seconds, so that the powder fully fills the gaps between the ceramic particles and is evenly distributed. After vibration, use a scraper to level the surface. A3. Overall sintering: The filled mold is placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace and sintered under an argon or nitrogen protective atmosphere. The sintering heating rate is 5-10℃ / min, the target temperature is 1450-1500℃, and the holding time is 60-120 minutes. A4. Cooling and Demolding: After sintering, the metal-based ceramic composite liner with an integral structure is obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature in the furnace and demolding.

[0014] Beneficial effects This invention provides a multiphase ceramic composite plate, which synergistically forms a multiphase system with various ceramic powders such as zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, and alumina, along with high-melting-point metal compounds and rare earth oxides. The proportions achieve a balance between high toughness, high hardness, high thermal stability, and good formability. In the composite material, zirconium oxide, as the main crystalline phase, endows the material with excellent crack resistance and thermal shock stability. Silicon carbide and tungsten carbide enhance the overall wear resistance and compressive strength. Scandium oxide, cobalt oxide, potassium tantalate, and other components play a positive role in phase boundary regulation and grain refinement, further improving the material's density and service stability.

[0015] Through ball milling, drying, pressing, and high-temperature sintering, the resulting multiphase ceramic plates exhibit a uniformly distributed microstructure with no obvious grain aggregation. The thickness is controlled at 2-5 mm, making them suitable for subsequent directional crushing and screening operations. Furthermore, the obtained shaped ceramic sheets are used to construct a layered structure with high-chromium cast iron powder in the same mold, and then uniformly sintered to form an integrated ceramic-metal composite liner. This structure effectively combines the high hardness of the ceramic material with the toughness of the metal matrix, avoiding the problems of ceramic detachment or interface peeling found in traditional embedded liners.

[0016] This invention features reasonable control over process parameters, with the ceramic particle size controlled between 10-50mm, stable matching of the thickness of the layup layer and the metal layer, and the overall sintering process completed in a protective atmosphere, ensuring the quality of interface bonding and structural integrity. The resulting metal-based ceramic composite liner exhibits excellent wear resistance and impact toughness, making it suitable for high-wear, high-impact load scenarios, especially for long-term service in heavy-duty equipment such as ball mills, extending the liner replacement cycle and improving equipment operating efficiency and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method steps of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the irregularly shaped ceramic sheet prepared according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparative experimental results (average wear weight loss) of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparative experimental results (impact failure rate) of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparative experimental results (number of thermal shock resistant wheels) of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 (T1) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite liner, wherein the multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from raw materials in the following proportions, and the specific process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh them in order of weight: Take 80 parts of zirconium oxide, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of scandium oxide, 3 parts of cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts of potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts of potassium titanate, 1.5 parts of bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts of erbium oxide. The particle size of the raw materials is controlled as follows: zirconium oxide 120-150 nm, and the other components 100-120 nm.

[0020] S2. Mixing process: Put all the weighed powder into the mixer and mix and stir for 1 hour in a dry environment to ensure that the components are fully and evenly in contact to form an initial mixture.

[0021] S3. Wet milling dispersion: Mix the initial mixture with ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, transfer it to a ball mill and ball mill for 4 hours, using zirconia grinding balls as the medium, and maintain a nitrogen protective atmosphere during the ball milling process to control the oxygen content to be below 0.5%.

[0022] S4. Drying and sieving: The ball-milled slurry is dried using a vacuum drying device at a temperature of 100℃. After drying, it is sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain composite ceramic powder with uniform particle size.

[0023] S5. Plate pressing: The sieved ceramic powder is loaded into a 200mm×200mm mold and cold-pressed under a pressure of 120MPa to form a ceramic plate blank with a thickness of 3mm.

[0024] S6. High-temperature sintering: The green body is placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace and heated to 1900°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min under a hydrogen protective atmosphere. After holding at this temperature for 5 hours, it is cooled with the furnace to obtain a dense multiphase ceramic plate.

[0025] The multiphase ceramic slabs were mechanically crushed and then sieved through 10mm and 50mm mesh screens to retain irregularly shaped ceramic sheets with a particle size of 10-50mm, which were used as the ceramic wear-resistant layer of the metal-based composite liner.

[0026] Next, a composite structure was constructed: the obtained irregular ceramic particles were evenly laid on the bottom of the refractory mold with a layer thickness of 10 mm. After the particles were naturally spread, the surface was smoothed. Then, high-chromium cast iron powder was slowly poured into the mold with the powder particle size controlled in the range of 200-300 μm and the filling thickness of 40 mm. A vibration mode with a frequency of 30 Hz and a duration of 90 seconds was used to make the metal powder fully fill the gaps between the ceramic particles.

[0027] After the mold is filled, it is placed in a high-temperature furnace and sintered under an argon protective atmosphere. The heating rate is 5℃ / min, the target temperature is 1450℃, and the holding time is 60 minutes. After sintering, the mold is cooled to room temperature and demolded to obtain a metal-based ceramic composite liner.

[0028] Example 2 (T2) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite liner plate. The multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from the raw materials in the following proportions, and the specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh them in the following proportions by weight: The composition comprises 70 parts zirconium oxide, 5 parts silicon carbide, 5 parts aluminum oxide, 2 parts titanium dioxide, 2 parts tungsten carbide, 2 parts scandium oxide, 2 parts cobalt oxide, 1 part potassium tantalate, 1 part potassium titanate, 1 part bismuth trioxide, and 1 part erbium oxide. The particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is controlled at 120-150 nm, and the particle size of the other components is controlled at 100-120 nm.

[0029] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 (T1).

[0030] Example 3 (T3) This embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based ceramic composite liner plate. The multiphase ceramic plate involved is prepared from the raw materials in the following proportions, and the specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh them in the following proportions by weight: The composition comprises 90 parts zirconium oxide, 10 parts silicon carbide, 10 parts aluminum oxide, 6 parts titanium dioxide, 5 parts tungsten carbide, 4 parts scandium oxide, 4 parts cobalt oxide, 3 parts potassium tantalate, 3 parts potassium titanate, 2 parts bismuth trioxide, and 2 parts erbium oxide. The particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is controlled at 120-150 nm, and the particle size of the other components is controlled at 100-120 nm.

[0031] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1 (T1).

[0032] Comparative Example 1 (C1) To verify the technical effect of the parameters of the present invention, this comparative example provides a multiphase ceramic plate preparation scheme that does not use the proportions of the present invention. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh them in the following proportions by weight: The composition comprises 65 parts zirconium oxide, 11 parts silicon carbide, 6 parts aluminum oxide, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts tungsten carbide, 3 parts scandium oxide, 3 parts cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts potassium titanate, 1.5 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts erbium oxide. The particle size of the zirconium oxide powder used is 120-150 nm, and the particle size of the other components is 100-120 nm.

[0033] S2. Mixing treatment: Place all raw materials in a mixing device and dry mix for 1.5 hours to form a uniform initial mixture.

[0034] S3. Wet milling dispersion: Mix the mixture with ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, and perform wet ball milling in a ball mill for 5 hours, using zirconia balls as the grinding media, and purging with nitrogen gas for protection during the ball milling process.

[0035] S4. Drying and sieving: The slurry is vacuum dried at a temperature of 100℃. The dried powder is then sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain ceramic powder.

[0036] S5. Plate pressing: Ceramic powder is loaded into a 200mm×200mm mold and cold-pressed under a pressure of 150MPa to obtain a plate-shaped blank with a thickness of 4mm.

[0037] S6. High-temperature sintering: The green body is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 2000℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere. It is held at that temperature for 3 hours and then cooled to room temperature to obtain ceramic slabs.

[0038] S7. Crushing and Screening: Crush the ceramic slabs and pass them through 10mm and 50mm sieves in sequence to screen out 10-50mm irregular ceramic particles.

[0039] S8. Bottom laying: Evenly lay the irregularly shaped particles on the bottom of the refractory mold, with a layer thickness of 15mm, and smooth the surface.

[0040] S9. Metal powder filling: Slowly add high-chromium cast iron powder into the mold, with the powder particle size controlled in the range of 200-300μm and the filling thickness of 60mm. Use mechanical vibration at a frequency of 45Hz for 60 seconds to make the filling uniform.

[0041] S10. Integral sintering: The mold is placed in a high-temperature furnace under an argon protective atmosphere. The heating rate is 6℃ / min, and the temperature is raised to 1480℃. The temperature is held for 90 minutes. After cooling and demolding, the metal-based ceramic composite liner is obtained.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 (C2) To verify the technical effect of the components of the present invention, this comparative example provides a ceramic composite liner preparation scheme with a raw material composition different from that of the present invention. The specific process is as follows: S1. Weighing the raw materials: Weigh out 60 parts by weight of alumina, 20 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, 10 parts by weight of silicon dioxide, 5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 3 parts by weight of iron oxide, and 2 parts by weight of zinc oxide. The particle size of all powdered raw materials used should be controlled within the range of 100-150 nm.

[0043] S2. Mixing process: Put all the weighed powder into the mixing equipment and mix and stir for 1.5 hours in a dry environment to form an initial mixture.

[0044] S3. Wet milling dispersion: Mix the mixture with ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 to form a slurry, transfer it to a ball mill and mill for 5 hours, using alumina balls as the grinding media, and purging with nitrogen gas for protection during the milling process.

[0045] S4. Drying and sieving: The slurry is dried in a vacuum drying machine at a temperature controlled at 100℃. The dried powder is then sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain ceramic powder.

[0046] S5. Plate pressing: Ceramic powder is loaded into a 180mm×180mm mold and cold-pressed under a pressure of 150MPa to form a plate-shaped blank with a thickness of 3mm.

[0047] S6. High-temperature sintering: The pressed green body is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 1700℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere. It is held at that temperature for 3 hours and then cooled to obtain ceramic slabs.

[0048] S7. Crushing and Screening: The obtained plate is mechanically crushed and then screened through 10mm and 50mm mesh screens to obtain 10-50mm ceramic irregular sheet materials.

[0049] S8. Bottom Laying: The screened irregularly shaped sheets are evenly laid on the bottom of the refractory mold with a layer thickness of 15mm. After laying, the surface is leveled.

[0050] S9. Metal Powder Filling: High-chromium cast iron powder is slowly added to the mold to a thickness of 60mm. Vibration is performed at a frequency of 45Hz for 60 seconds to ensure that the metal powder fully fills the gaps between the ceramic sheets.

[0051] S10. Integral sintering: The filled mold is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 1480°C at 6°C / min under an argon atmosphere. After holding at that temperature for 90 minutes, it is naturally cooled to room temperature. After demolding, a metal-based ceramic composite liner is obtained.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 (C3) This comparative example provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant liner using a traditional structure. Its structure differs from that of this invention, as it does not include multiphase ceramic irregularly shaped sheets and is an overall single-material laminated structure. The specific process is as follows: S1. Raw material preparation: Weigh 100 parts of high-chromium cast iron powder, with the powder particle size controlled in the range of 200-300μm, and pre-dry for 4 hours to remove moisture and adsorbed gas.

[0053] S2. Mold filling: Pour high-chromium cast iron powder directly into the refractory mold, fill in batches, control the filling height to 75mm, and use a vibration platform to compact it during the process. Each vibration time is 30 seconds and the frequency is set to 40Hz.

[0054] S3. Integral sintering: The filled mold is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated to 1450℃ under an argon protective atmosphere at a heating rate of 8℃ / min and a holding time of 90 minutes, so that the high-chromium cast iron melts and self-organizes into a block structure.

[0055] S4. Cooling and demolding: After the heat preservation is completed, the furnace is naturally cooled to room temperature, and the high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant liner with an integral structure is obtained by demolding.

[0056] Comparative experiment To verify the superior wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties of the metal-based ceramic composite liner prepared in this invention, composite liner samples prepared in Examples 1 (T1), 2 (T2), 3 (T3), and Comparative Examples 1 (C1), 2 (C2), and 3 (C3) were selected and subjected to the following three performance tests: 1. Wear test: Each set of liner samples was processed into a standard specimen of 100mm×100mm×10mm and a comparative wear test was conducted on a dry wear tester with a load of 50N and a sliding distance of 5000m. The wear loss was measured after the test.

[0057] 2. Impact breakage rate test: Place the sample on the impact test platform and subject it to 10 repeated impacts under the same impact energy (60J). Record the fracture, crack and spalling conditions.

[0058] 3. High-temperature thermal shock cycle test: Each group of samples was heated in a 1000℃ high-temperature furnace for 10 minutes and then quickly immersed in room temperature water. One cycle was counted as one round, and the number of cycles in which obvious cracks or structural detachment occurred was recorded.

[0059] The experimental results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparative test results data T1 18.4 3.2 18 T2 23.7 5.7 13 T3 15.2 2.4 21 C1 39.5 4.9 11 C2 56.8 7.9 18 C3 72.3 5.9 23 Data Analysis: The following section compares the performance differences between Examples T1-T3 and Comparative Examples C1-C3 from four dimensions: microstructure, average wear loss weight, impact failure rate, and number of wheels with thermal shock resistance. 1. Microscopic morphology: Microscopic morphology can reflect the uniformity of material dispersion and the degree of bonding. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the irregularly shaped ceramic sheet prepared in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has uniform ceramic particles. Different ceramic particles are interlocked to form a uniform structure, and no agglomeration problem occurs.

[0060] 2. Average wear loss analysis: This index reflects the wear resistance of the material; the lower the value, the better the wear resistance. For example... Figure 3 As shown, T3 had the lowest wear loss (15.2 mg), followed by T1 (18.4 mg), and T2 had the highest (23.7 mg), demonstrating that the preferred ratio (T3) can significantly improve wear resistance. In the comparative examples, C3 (72.3 mg) suffered the most severe wear, followed by C2 (56.8 mg) and C1 (39.5 mg), which was much higher than that of the examples, indicating that the multiphase ceramic structure of the present invention is significantly superior to the traditional single-material structure.

[0061] Conclusion: T3 > T1 > T2, which is superior to all comparative examples, demonstrating the synergistic anti-wear advantage of composite ratio and microstructure.

[0062] 3. Impact Failure Rate Analysis: This indicator measures the impact toughness of a material; a lower value indicates stronger crack resistance. For example... Figure 4 As shown, T3 had the lowest impact breakage rate at only 2.4%, demonstrating the best impact resistance; T1 and T2 had rates of 3.2% and 5.7% respectively, both superior to the comparative examples; C2 had the highest breakage rate (7.9%), C3 had 5.9%, and C1 had 4.9%, indicating that the comparative examples that did not use the structure or material system of this invention had a significant disadvantage in impact resistance.

[0063] Conclusion: T3 exhibits the strongest crack resistance, while T1 and T2 are significantly superior to the C group samples.

[0064] 4. Thermal shock resistance rounds analysis: This index reflects the material's resistance to drastic temperature changes; a higher value indicates a more stable structure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, T3 performed best, withstanding 21 thermal shock cycles; T1 and T2 withstood 18 and 13 cycles respectively; in the comparative example, C3 withstood 23 cycles, but as an all-metal structure, although it had strong thermal shock performance, it lacked wear resistance and structural rigidity; C1 withstood only 11 cycles, indicating that insufficient zirconium oxide ratio led to easy cracking of the structure; although C2 reached 18 cycles, it suffered severe wear.

[0065] Conclusion: Although C3 performs better in this indicator, its overall performance is significantly inferior to T3. T3 has the best overall performance among the three indicators, balancing wear resistance, impact resistance, and thermal stability.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multiphase ceramic composite plate, characterized in that, The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: Zirconia 70-90 parts, silicon carbide 5-10 parts, aluminum oxide 5-10 parts, titanium dioxide 2-6 parts, tungsten carbide 2-5 parts, scandium oxide 2-4 parts, cobalt oxide 2-4 parts, potassium tantalate 1-3 parts, potassium titanate 1-3 parts, bismuth trioxide 1-2 parts, and erbium oxide 1-2 parts; The multiphase ceramic composite plate is prepared by wet milling, pressing and sintering of the composition.

2. The multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight, it comprises the following components: 80 parts zirconium oxide, 9 parts silicon carbide, 6 parts aluminum oxide, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts tungsten carbide, 3 parts scandium oxide, 3 parts cobalt oxide, 1.5 parts potassium tantalate, 1.5 parts potassium titanate, 1.5 parts bismuth trioxide, and 1.5 parts erbium oxide.

3. A method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials: Weigh the following in the following weight proportions: 70-90 parts zirconium oxide powder, 5-10 parts silicon carbide powder, 5-10 parts aluminum oxide powder, 2-6 parts titanium dioxide powder, 2-5 parts tungsten carbide powder, 2-4 parts scandium oxide powder, 2-4 parts cobalt oxide powder, 1-3 parts potassium tantalate powder, 1-3 parts potassium titanate powder, 1-2 parts bismuth trioxide powder, and 1-2 parts erbium oxide powder. S2. Mixing process: Place all the weighed powders into the mixing equipment in a dry state and stir continuously for 1-2 hours to form an initial mixture; S3. Wet milling dispersion: Add ethanol to the initial mixture to prepare a slurry, transfer it to a ball mill for ball milling for 4-6 hours, and maintain an inert atmosphere during the process; S4. Drying and sieving: The ball-milled slurry is dried at a temperature of 80-120℃, and then sieved to obtain composite ceramic powder. S5. Plate pressing: The sieved composite ceramic powder is loaded into a mold of a preset size and pressed to a thickness of 2-5mm under a pressure of 100-200MPa to form a plate-shaped blank. S6. High-temperature sintering: The plate-shaped blank is placed in a high-temperature furnace and heated continuously for 3-5 hours in the range of 1900-2100℃ with hydrogen atmosphere. After sintering, multiphase ceramic plates are obtained.

4. The method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 100-200 nm; The particle size of the silicon carbide powder, alumina powder, titanium dioxide powder, tungsten carbide powder, scandium oxide powder, cobalt oxide powder, potassium tantalate powder, potassium titanate powder, bismuth trioxide powder, and erbium oxide powder is 100-150 nm.

5. The method for preparing a multiphase ceramic composite plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S1, the particle size of the zirconium oxide powder is 120-150 nm; The particle size of the silicon carbide powder, alumina powder, titanium dioxide powder, tungsten carbide powder, scandium oxide powder, cobalt oxide powder, potassium tantalate powder, potassium titanate powder, bismuth trioxide powder, and erbium oxide powder is 100-120 nm.

6. A metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill, characterized in that, include: The wear-resistant panel layer and the high-chromium cast iron back plate layer, wherein the wear-resistant panel layer contains multiphase ceramic shaped sheets obtained by crushing and sieving the multiphase ceramic composite plate as described in claim 1 or 2.

7. A metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill according to claim 6, characterized in that, Crushing refers to using a chain crusher or hammer crusher to crush the multiphase ceramic composite plate into plate fragments.

8. A metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill according to claim 7, characterized in that, Sieving refers to passing slab fragments through sieves with apertures of 10mm and 50mm to obtain multiphase ceramic irregular-shaped sheets with a size of 10-50mm.

9. The method for preparing the metal-based ceramic composite liner for a ball mill as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A1. Bottom laying: The multiphase ceramic irregular sheet is evenly laid on the bottom of the refractory mold. The layer thickness is controlled at 10-20mm. Natural gaps are left between the particles to avoid overlapping and stacking. After laying, the surface is mechanically leveled to ensure that the surface is basically level and stable. A2. Metal powder filling: Add high-chromium cast iron powder into the mold and slowly pour it onto the multiphase ceramic irregular sheet. The filling thickness is controlled at 40-80mm. Then apply mechanical vibration, with the vibration frequency controlled at 30-60Hz and the duration at 30-90 seconds, so that the powder fully fills the gaps of the multiphase ceramic irregular sheet and is evenly distributed. After vibration, use a scraper to level the surface. A3. Overall sintering: The filled mold is placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace and sintered under an argon or nitrogen protective atmosphere. The sintering heating rate is 5-10℃ / min, the target temperature is 1450-1500℃, and the holding time is 60-120 minutes. A4. Cooling and Demolding: After sintering, the metal-based ceramic composite liner with an integral structure is obtained by naturally cooling to room temperature in the furnace and demolding.

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