A communication system and a communication method

Abstract

The application provides a communication system and a communication method. The communication system comprises a coding modulator, an isolator, a decoding demodulator, a voter and a feedback module. The coding modulator is used for coding or modulating an original signal to generate a coded modulated signal. The isolator is used for converting the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal and recovering an electrical transmission signal based on the magnetic signal. The isolator comprises a plurality of magnetic transmission units, each of which comprises an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic tunnel junction array. The decoding demodulator is used for decoding or demodulating the electrical transmission signal to generate a decoded demodulated signal. The voter is used for voting to generate an output signal and a voting pass rate, outputting the output signal and the voting pass rate, and feeding back the voting pass rate to the coding modulator, so as to instruct the coding modulator to retransmit the original signal when the voting pass rate is not a unanimous pass.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a communication system and a communication method. BACKGROUND

[0002] A communication system is widely used in data transmission, industrial control, information interaction and other fields, and its reliability and stability are directly related to the overall performance of the system. In the traditional communication process, data interaction is usually realized by directly transmitting electrical signals through circuits. However, in a complex electromagnetic environment, electrical signals are easily affected by external electromagnetic radiation, coupled noise or signal crosstalk, resulting in distortion, attenuation or even loss, and thus leading to a decline in communication quality.

[0003] In a communication system, in order to realize signal isolation between different circuits, prevent noise interference, voltage peak conduction and system failure caused by ground potential difference, an isolator becomes an indispensable basic element. The role of the isolator is to ensure that there is no direct current path on both sides of the circuit, and to realize signal transmission. The main isolation technologies at present include optical coupling isolation, capacitor isolation, transformer isolation, etc. These isolation methods can realize electrical isolation and signal transmission to some extent, but still have limitations such as insufficient anti-interference ability. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a communication system and a communication method, which can realize accurate and stable signal isolation and transmission.

[0005] Specifically, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a communication system, which comprises a coding modulator, an isolator, a decoding demodulator, a voter and a feedback module;

[0007] The coding modulator is configured to code or modulate an input original signal to generate a coded modulated signal; the coded modulated signal is a pulse signal or an amplitude modulation carrier signal;

[0008] The isolator is configured to convert the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and recover an electrical transmission signal corresponding to the coded modulated signal based on the magnetic signal; the isolator comprises a plurality of magnetic transmission units; each magnetic transmission unit comprises an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic tunnel junction array which is magnetically coupled with a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil; the magnetic tunnel junction array is formed by at least one magnetic tunnel structure; the electromagnetic coil is configured to convert the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and the magnetic tunnel junction array is configured to induce the magnetic signal and recover the electrical transmission signal based on the induced magnetic signal;

[0009] decode or demodulate the electrical transmission signal sensed by each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoded and demodulated signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit;

[0010] vote to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoded and demodulated signals corresponding to the plurality of magnetic transmission units;

[0011] The voter is further configured to output the output signal and the voting pass rate, and feed back the voting pass rate to the encoder and modulator through the feedback module, so as to instruct the encoder and modulator to retransmit the original signal when the voting pass rate is not a full pass.

[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to the communication system of the first aspect of the present application, and the communication method comprises the following steps:

[0013] encoding or modulating the input original signal to generate an encoded and modulated signal;

[0014] converting the encoded and modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and generating an electrical transmission signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit based on the magnetic signal;

[0015] decode or demodulate the electrical transmission signal sensed by each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoded and demodulated signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit;

[0016] vote to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoded and demodulated signals corresponding to the plurality of magnetic transmission units;

[0017] output the output signal and the voting pass rate;

[0018] when the voting pass rate is not a full pass, re-perform the step of encoding or modulating the input original signal.

[0019] The communication system and the communication method provided by the present application can effectively improve the reliability and anti-interference ability of communication by introducing an isolator and a magnetic tunnel junction array to realize the isolation and transmission of electromagnetic signals, and combining the redundancy design of multiple magnetic transmission units and the feedback mechanism of the voter. On the one hand, the magnetic signal transmission mode avoids the problem that the traditional electrical signal is easily disturbed in a complex electromagnetic environment, ensuring the stability of signal transmission. On the other hand, the voter makes a consistency decision on multiple decoded and demodulated signals, and triggers a feedback retransmission when a full pass is not met, so that the system has an adaptive error correction ability, significantly reducing the bit error rate. Overall, this scheme can ensure transmission accuracy while improving the stability and security of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a communication system provided for the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of a communication system shown for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of a communication system shown for another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tunnel junction array in a magnetic transmission unit shown for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tunnel junction array in a magnetic transmission unit shown for another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tunnel junction array in a magnetic transmission unit shown for yet another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a feedback module shown for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 A flowchart of a communication method embodiment provided for the present application.

[0028] Legend of reference numerals:

[0029] 1: encoder modulator;

[0030] 2: isolator;

[0031] 3: decoder demodulator;

[0032] 4: voter;

[0033] 5: feedback module;

[0034] R1: first resistor;

[0035] R2: second resistor;

[0036] R3: third resistor;

[0037] R4: fourth resistor;

[0038] R5: fifth resistor;

[0039] MTJ1: first magnetic tunnel junction;

[0040] MTJ2: second magnetic tunnel junction;

[0041] MTJ3: third magnetic tunnel junction;

[0042] MTJ4: first forward magnetic tunnel junction;

[0043] MTJ5: second forward magnetic tunnel junction;

[0044] MTJ6: first reverse magnetic tunnel junction;

[0045] MTJ7: fourth reverse magnetic tunnel junction;

[0046] V: power access terminal;

[0047] V0: electrical transmission signal output terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, like reference numerals refer to like elements, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The following exemplary embodiments described herein are not meant to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application.

[0049] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0050] It is to be understood that the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is to be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein encompasses all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and can be abbreviated as "or".

[0051] The specific embodiments are given below to introduce the technical solutions of the present application in detail.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The communication system according to an embodiment of the present application comprises an encoding modulator 1, an isolator 2, a decoding demodulator 3, a voter 4 and a feedback module 5.

[0053] The encoding modulator 1 is configured to encode or modulate the input original signal to generate an encoded modulated signal; the encoded modulated signal is a pulse signal or an amplitude modulation carrier signal.

[0054] The isolator 2 is configured to convert the encoded modulated signal into a magnetic signal and recover an electrical transmission signal corresponding to the encoded modulated signal based on the magnetic signal; the isolator 2 includes a plurality of magnetic transmission units; each magnetic transmission unit includes an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic tunnel junction array magnetically coupled with a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil; the magnetic tunnel junction array is formed by at least one magnetic tunnel structure; the electromagnetic coil is configured to convert the encoded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and the magnetic tunnel junction array is configured to induce the magnetic signal and recover the electrical transmission signal based on the induced magnetic signal.

[0055] The decoding demodulator 3 is configured to decode or demodulate the electrical transmission signal induced by each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoded demodulated signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit.

[0056] The voter 4 is configured to vote to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoded demodulated signals corresponding to the plurality of magnetic transmission units.

[0057] The voter 4 is further configured to output the output signal and the voting pass rate, and feed back the voting pass rate to the encoding modulator 1 through the feedback module 5, so as to instruct the encoding modulator 1 to retransmit the original signal when the voting pass rate is not a unanimous pass.

[0058] Specifically, the input original signal is information data to be transmitted, which is a digital signal or an analog signal from an upstream of a communication system. For example, in an embodiment, the original signal can be a digital bit stream, which is from a sensor or a controller, etc.

[0059] Further, the encoding modulator 1 is configured to pre-process the original input signal, which can convert continuous or non-standard signals of the original signal into standard format signals suitable for subsequent magnetic transmission processing.

[0060] In a specific implementation, the encoding modulator 1 can encode or modulate the input original digital signal into a pulse signal or an amplitude modulation carrier signal. The specific implementation principle of encoding or modulation can be referred to the description in related technologies, which will not be described here.

[0061] It can be understood that the pulse signal can be a short positive or negative current pulse, and the encoded modulated signal generated by the encoding modulator 1 can improve the consistency and anti-interference of signal transmission, and optimize power consumption and transmission stability in cooperation with the magnetic response characteristics.

[0062] Please continue to referFigure 2 The isolator 2 is composed of multiple magnetic transmission units, each of which is composed of an electromagnetic coil and one or more magnetic tunnel junctions. When the encoded modulated signal is input into the isolator 2, for each magnetic transmission unit, the electromagnetic coil converts the encoded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and further, the one or more magnetic tunnel junctions induce the magnetic signal to generate an electrical transmission signal (an electrical signal), so that the signal transmission process from the electrical signal to the magnetic signal and then to the electrical signal is realized, and the purpose of isolation is achieved.

[0063] It should be noted that the electrical transmission signal represents the strength or direction of the induced magnetic field (magnetic signal), and the electrical transmission signal is in the form of an electrical signal, which represents the information carried by the encoded modulated signal.

[0064] Further, the electromagnetic coil and the magnetic tunnel junction array inside the magnetic transmission unit are not in contact, and the two only realize signal transmission through magnetic coupling of the magnetic field.

[0065] In specific implementation, the electromagnetic coil is a key element in the magnetic transmission unit for converting an electrical signal into a magnetic signal, which is wound by a wire. When there is an encoded modulated signal passing through, a magnetic signal corresponding to the current direction and amplitude will be generated around it.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 It can be understood that, in an embodiment, the multiple magnetic transmission units share the same electromagnetic coil; or each magnetic transmission unit has an independent electromagnetic coil.

[0067] Specifically, please continue to refer to Figure 2 When each magnetic transmission unit is equipped with an independent electromagnetic coil, the magnetic field strength and direction can be optimized separately, and the independence and reliability between channels can be improved.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 When the multiple magnetic transmission units share the same electromagnetic coil, the magnetic field is generated by the same electromagnetic coil, which is more compact in structure and simpler in driving circuit.

[0069] The magnetic transmission unit provided in the embodiment can freely determine the number of electromagnetic coils according to actual use requirements, and by sharing the same electromagnetic coil, the number of components and the complexity of the driving circuit can be reduced, the system volume and power consumption can be reduced, and it is suitable for scenarios that require simultaneous transmission of multiple channels and do not require high independence between units. Further, when each magnetic transmission unit has an independent electromagnetic coil, the magnetic field strength and direction of each channel can be optimized separately, the magnetic interference between channels can be reduced, the accuracy of the redundancy voting can be improved, and the overall anti-interference ability can be improved, which is suitable for high-reliability and high-precision isolation transmission requirements.

[0070] It can be understood that the magnetic tunnel junction is a device composed of two layers of ferromagnetic material and an intermediate insulating layer, which works based on the magnetic tunneling effect. The magnetic tunnel junction is used to convert the magnetic signal generated by the induction coil into an electrical transmission signal to achieve non-contact signal reception. The specific structure and working principle of the magnetic tunnel junction can be referred to the description in the related art, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] It should be noted that the magnetic transmission unit can be a structure in which one electromagnetic coil corresponds to one magnetic tunnel junction, or a structure in which one electromagnetic coil corresponds to multiple magnetic tunnel junctions.

[0072] The specific number of magnetic tunnel junctions included in the magnetic tunnel junction array in each magnetic transmission unit is set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment.

[0073] In the following specific embodiment, the specific structure of the magnetic tunnel junction array in each magnetic transmission unit is described in detail.

[0074] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the magnetic tunnel junction array in the magnetic transmission unit according to an illustrative embodiment of the present application is shown. Please refer to Figure 4 , the magnetic tunnel junction array includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1;

[0075] The first end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 are connected to form a power access end V;

[0076] The second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the third resistor R3 are connected, and the second end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 are connected to ground;

[0077] The second end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 are connected;

[0078] The second end of the first resistor R1 and the second end of the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 form an electrical transmission signal output end V0;

[0079] Among them, the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are configured to make the electrical transmission signal output by the electrical transmission signal output end V0 as 0 when the isolator 2 does not input a signal.

[0080] Specifically, the specific resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are set according to actual needs, which are not limited in the embodiment.

[0081] Further, the resistance value of the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 changes with the change of the external magnetic field, and the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 is a device with magnetic sensitivity and storage function.

[0082] In a specific implementation, the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 includes a free layer whose magnetization direction can be changed by an external magnetic field, an insulating layer, and a reference layer whose magnetization direction is fixed, when the magnetization directions of the free layer and the reference layer are the same, the electron tunneling probability is high, and the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 appears in a low resistance state, when the magnetization directions of the two layers are opposite, the electron tunneling probability is low, and the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 appears in a high resistance state.

[0083] Further, please continue to refer to Figure 4 , the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, and the third resistance R3 are combined with a magnetic tunnel junction to form a resistance network, and when there is a magnetic signal input, the output voltage offset caused by the resistance change of the magnetic tunnel junction can be amplified through the three resistances; when there is no signal, the output voltage is maintained at a baseline state of 0.

[0084] The magnetic tunnel junction array provided in the embodiment combines the first resistance R1, the second resistance R2, and the third resistance R3 with a single magnetic tunnel junction to form a magnetic tunnel junction array, accurately configures the resistance values of the three resistances, and makes the circuit maintain the output end voltage at zero when there is no magnetic field input, so as to establish a stable reference level, effectively suppress the influence of static noise and temperature drift on the signal, and further, when the isolator 2 input end generates a magnetic field and acts on the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1, the resistance value of the first magnetic tunnel junction MTJ1 changes, the original voltage balance is broken, the output end generates a voltage change corresponding to the magnetic signal, the high-sensitivity conversion from the magnetic signal to the electric signal is realized, and high anti-interference, low power consumption, and output determination reliability are ensured in the static and dynamic states.

[0085] Optionally, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic tunnel junction array in a magnetic transmission unit shown in another illustrative embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 5 , the magnetic tunnel junction array includes a second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2, a fourth resistance R4, a fifth resistance R5, and a third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3;

[0086] The first end of the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the first end of the fourth resistance R4 are connected to form a power access end V;

[0087] The second end of the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the first end of the fifth resistance R5 are connected, and the second end of the fifth resistance R5 and the first end of the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3 are connected to the ground;

[0088] The second end of the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3 and the second end of the fourth resistance R4 are connected.

[0089] The second end of the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the second end of the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3 constitute an electrical transmission signal output end V0;

[0090] The resistance values of the fourth resistance R4 and the fifth resistance R5 are configured to make the electrical transmission signal output by the electrical transmission signal output end V0 be 0 when the isolator 2 does not input a signal.

[0091] Specifically, the specific resistance values of the fourth resistance R4 and the fifth resistance R5 are set according to actual needs, which are not limited in the embodiment.

[0092] Further, the fourth resistance R4 and the fifth resistance R5 are respectively connected in series with the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3, constituting two branches of an electrical bridge. When there is no magnetic signal input, the output end voltage is in a 0 reference state through resistance value matching. When there is a magnetic signal input, the influence of the resistance value difference of the magnetic tunnel junction on the output voltage is amplified.

[0093] In specific implementation, the free layer and the reference layer of the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3 are arranged in the same direction of magnetization. The resistance value change trends of the same direction magnetic field are the same, and the same polarity magnetic field can be simultaneously sensed and resistance value change is generated. The change is converted into voltage change output through the resistance network.

[0094] Further, please continue to refer to Figure 5 Since the two magnetic tunnel junctions are in the same direction, the resistance value changes are in-phase cumulative in the structure, which can enhance the signal amplitude and improve the sensitivity of the output voltage to the magnetic field change. At the same time, because the two branch structures are symmetrical, common mode interference and partial temperature drift effects can still be suppressed.

[0095] The magnetic tunnel junction array provided in the embodiment connects the fourth resistance R4 and the fifth resistance R5 in series with the second magnetic tunnel junction MTJ2 and the third magnetic tunnel junction MTJ3 respectively. The double magnetic tunnel junction structure in the same direction can enhance the signal amplitude and improve the detection sensitivity through the synchronous response of the two magnetic tunnel junctions to the same direction magnetic field while maintaining zero static output. The double magnetic tunnel junction structure also takes into account the anti-interference and temperature drift suppression capability, and is suitable for being used as a high-precision magnetic signal detection unit in a high-speed digital isolation system.

[0096] Optionally, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tunnel junction array in a magnetic transmission unit is shown in another illustrative embodiment of the application. Please refer to Figure 6The magnetic tunnel junction array comprises a first forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ4, a second forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ5, a first reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ6, and a fourth reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ7.

[0097] The first end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ4 and the first end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ6 are connected to form a power access end V.

[0098] The second end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ4 and the first end of the second reverse magnetic tunnel junction are connected, and the second end of the second reverse magnetic tunnel junction and the first end of the second forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ5 are connected to ground.

[0099] The second end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ6 and the second end of the second forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ5 are connected.

[0100] The second end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ4 and the second end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ6 form the electrical transmission signal output end V0.

[0101] Specifically, the magnetization directions of the free layer and the reference layer of the forward magnetic tunnel junction are set to the same direction, and when the external magnetic field is consistent with the direction, the resistance of the forward magnetic tunnel junction changes in a certain direction; the magnetization directions of the free layer and the reference layer of the reverse magnetic tunnel junction are opposite to the forward direction, and when the external magnetic field is consistent with the response direction of the forward magnetic tunnel junction, the resistance change trend of the reverse magnetic tunnel junction is opposite to that of the forward magnetic tunnel junction. For example, in an embodiment, when the resistance of the forward magnetic tunnel junction increases under the influence of the magnetic field, the resistance of the reverse magnetic tunnel junction decreases under the influence of the same magnetic field.

[0102] When there is no magnetic signal input, the resistances of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ4, the second forward magnetic tunnel junction MTJ5, the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ6, and the fourth reverse magnetic tunnel junction MTJ7 are accurately matched, so that the bridge is in voltage balance, the output end voltage is 0, and the system static noise and temperature drift suppression are ensured; when there is a magnetic signal input, the resistance of the forward magnetic tunnel junction changes in a certain trend, and the resistance of the reverse magnetic tunnel junction changes in the opposite trend. Since the resistances of the two branches of the full-bridge change in opposite phases, the voltage difference between the two midpoints is significantly increased. This differential amplification effect makes the voltage change amplitude of the output end much larger than that of the single MTJ or half-bridge structure, and the sensitivity is higher.

[0103] The magnetic tunnel junction array provided in the embodiment realizes differential amplification of the magnetic signal through the opposite response characteristics of the forward magnetic tunnel junction and the reverse magnetic tunnel junction, so that the output signal amplitude is larger, the common-mode interference resistance is stronger, and the output is kept at 0 when there is no signal, thereby enhancing the stability. In this way, the weak magnetic signal can be detected with high precision.

[0104] The following continues to introduce the components such as the demodulator in the communication system provided by the present application.

[0105] Specifically, the demodulated signal is the restored electrical signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit output by the demodulator 3 after processing.

[0106] In specific implementation, if the electrical transmission signal is an analog signal, the demodulator 3 can compare the electrical transmission signal with a preset reference signal to determine the corresponding logic state (0 or 1); if the input electrical transmission signal is a pulse signal, the demodulator 3 can determine the logic value by extracting the amplitude change of the pulse through envelope demodulation, and after processing, the demodulator 3 outputs a demodulated signal for each magnetic transmission unit.

[0107] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the magnetic tunnel junction can be a magnetic tunnel junction with hysteresis or a magnetic tunnel junction without hysteresis.

[0108] When the voltage access end of the magnetic tunnel junction array is connected to a direct current voltage, the demodulator outputs a demodulation result after comparing the electrical transmission signal with a reference signal through a comparator;

[0109] When the power supply access end of the magnetic tunnel junction array is connected to a pulse voltage, the demodulator outputs a demodulation result by envelope demodulation of the comparison result after comparing the electrical transmission signal with a reference signal through a comparator.

[0110] Specifically, the magnetic tunnel junction with hysteresis is a magnetic tunnel junction with a clear hysteresis loop, and the resistance changes with a hysteresis effect of the applied magnetic field, that is, at the same magnetic field intensity, the resistance value can be different due to different magnetization history.

[0111] Further, the resistance of the magnetic tunnel junction without hysteresis does not have a clear hysteresis phenomenon with the change of the applied magnetic field, and responds directly and reversibly to the change of the magnetic field.

[0112] In specific implementation, when the power supply end of the magnetic tunnel junction array is connected to a direct current voltage, the change of the resistance directly leads to the change of the output voltage, and the demodulator compares the output voltage with a reference level input to the comparator, so that the logic signal can be directly obtained as the demodulation result. Further, when the power supply end is connected to a pulse voltage, the magnetic tunnel junction changes the voltage amplitude in the pulse period, the comparator converts the amplitude change into pulse high and low levels, and then extracts the amplitude information changing with time through envelope demodulation to restore the original digital signal.

[0113] The magnetic tunnel junction array provided by the embodiment is compatible with the magnetic hysteresis type magnetic tunnel junction and the non-magnetic hysteresis type magnetic tunnel junction, so that the system can flexibly select the device characteristics between high stability and high speed response according to different application scenarios, and meanwhile, the adaptive signal processing mode is realized by combining the two power supply and demodulation modes in the file, so that the universality, adaptability and demodulation accuracy of the system under different rates and different signal forms are greatly improved while the magnetic coupling isolation advantage is maintained.

[0114] Further, the voter 4 is configured to implement voting judgment through digital logic processing when receiving the multiple channel signals, and output the result.

[0115] In a specific implementation, the voter 4 can receive the demodulated signals from multiple magnetic transmission units, compare whether the results of the channels are consistent, and generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate based on the principle of majority over minority. For example, in an embodiment, when the proportion of the consistent results of all channels is 100%, it indicates that there is no difference and no error code in the communication data in the transmission process.

[0116] It can be understood that the voting through the voter 4 before the signal output can effectively utilize the multi-channel redundancy design to improve the system reliability and reduce the risk of misjudgment caused by interference of a single channel. Further, the feedback module 5 is configured to transmit the voting pass rate or other control information generated by the voter 4 back to the encoding modulator 1.

[0117] In a specific implementation, for example, when transmitting the signal A, there are 5 channels in total, and the results of 4 channels are consistent, and the proportion of the consistent results is 80%. At this time, the voting pass rate is determined as 80%, and the signal is transmitted to the encoding modulator 1 through the feedback module 5. At this time, the encoding modulator 1 retransmits the signal A according to the signal.

[0118] It can be understood that the voter 4 outputs the output signal and the voting pass rate at the same time, and the back end can determine the credibility of the output signal based on the voting pass rate. Further, the voting pass rate is fed back to the encoding modulator, so that once the consistency is insufficient, the re-encoding and sending of the encoding modulator 1 can be triggered, so that real-time error detection and automatic retransmission are realized while maintaining electrical isolation, which can significantly improve the reliability, anti-interference ability and fault tolerance of data transmission, and avoid the output of incorrect results caused by errors of a single channel.

[0119] Figure 7 FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of the feedback module according to an example embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the feedback module 5 includes an encoding modulation module, a magnetic transmission unit and a modulation demodulation module. Figure 7

[0120] ​The encoding and modulation module is used to encode or modulate the voting pass rate to generate an encoded and modulated signal;

[0121] The magnetic transmission unit is used to convert the coded modulation signal into a magnetic signal and generate a corresponding feedback signal based on the magnetic signal.

[0122] The modulation and demodulation module is used to demodulate and decode the feedback signal and transmit it to the encoder-modulator 1, so as to instruct the encoder-modulator 1 to retransmit the original signal through the feedback signal.

[0123] It should be noted that the coding and modulation module works similarly to the coding and modulating unit, and the modulation and demodulation module works similarly to the modem; these will not be elaborated upon here.

[0124] Furthermore, the feedback signal is a signal generated by the magnetic transmission unit that carries voting pass rate information. In specific implementation, the feedback signal can be transmitted to the receiving end via magnetic coupling to instruct the code modulator 1 on how to retransmit the original data.

[0125] In practice, the encoding and modulation module first receives the voting pass rate from the voter 4, encodes and modulates it to generate an encoded modulation signal suitable for driving the coil. This encoded modulation signal may include the data identifier that needs to be retransmitted and the specific voting pass rate. Then, the encoded modulation signal enters the magnetic transmission unit, is converted into a magnetic field by the electromagnetic coil, and acts on the magnetic tunnel junction array at the receiving end through spatial magnetic coupling, thereby generating a feedback signal carrying feedback information, realizing the transmission process from electrical signal to magnetic signal and then back to electrical signal. Finally, the modulation and demodulation module at the receiving end demodulates the feedback signal, extracts the envelope or amplitude change, decodes and restores it to the original control information, and transmits it to the encoding and modulating unit 1 at the transmitting end.

[0126] As can be understood from the preceding description, the specific structure and working principle of the magnetic transmission unit in the feedback module are similar to those of the magnetic transmission unit in isolator 2.

[0127] The feedback module provided in this embodiment utilizes a hierarchical design of an encoding modulation module, a magnetic transmission unit, and a modulation / demodulation module to convert the voting pass rate output by the voter into an encoded modulation signal that can be stably transmitted in an isolated channel. The electromagnetic coil and magnetic tunnel junction array of the magnetic transmission unit achieve fully isolated transmission from electrical signal to magnetic signal and back to electrical signal. Finally, the modulation / demodulation module restores the original control information and sends it back to the encoding modulator. In this way, by adopting the high-speed magnetic coupling transmission principle of the same main signal channel and the low-latency characteristics of the feedback link, the system can trigger retransmission immediately when a transmission error is detected, thereby significantly improving the reliability, anti-interference and self-recovery capability of the data link without destroying the electrical isolation.

[0128] Optionally, in a possible implementation, the communication system further comprises a controller;

[0129] The controller is specifically configured to monitor a voting pass rate of the voter 4, and determine a voltage type of a power access end V access of the magnetic tunnel junction array according to the voting pass rate; the voltage type comprises a direct current voltage and a pulse voltage; when the voting pass rate represents that the transmission quality of the current magnetic tunnel junction array is high, the voltage type of the access is determined as the direct current voltage, otherwise the voltage type of the access is determined as the pulse voltage.

[0130] Specifically, the controller is configured to monitor, judge and adjust the working state of each module.

[0131] In a specific implementation, the controller reads the voting pass rate output by the voter 4 in real time, and dynamically switches the voltage type of the power end of the magnetic tunnel junction array according to the index. For example, in an embodiment, when the voting pass rate is high, it indicates that the signal is stable and the bit error rate is low, the controller switches the power end of the magnetic tunnel junction array to the direct current voltage mode, so that the demodulation process is simpler and the power consumption is lower; when the voting pass rate is low, it indicates that the signal has obvious interference or attenuation, the controller switches the power end of the magnetic tunnel junction array to the pulse voltage mode, and combines the envelope demodulation mode to enhance the signal detection sensitivity, thereby improving the demodulation accuracy and anti-interference ability.

[0132] The controller provided in the embodiment uses the voting pass rate output by the voter to evaluate the transmission quality of the magnetic tunnel junction array in real time, and adaptively switches the voltage type of the power end thereof, thereby realizing dynamic optimization of performance and power consumption, and enabling the communication system to maintain high reliability, low bit error rate and energy efficiency optimization under different working environments.

[0133] According to the foregoing description, it can be understood that the communication system provided in the embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0134] In a first aspect, an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic tunnel junction array are used as the core structure of the isolator, the electromagnetic coil converts the modulated pulse signal into an alternating magnetic field, the magnetic signal excites the magnetic transmission unit on the output side through the space coupling effect, the magnetic transmission unit is sensitive to the magnetic field, and the resistance state of the magnetic transmission unit changes, thereby generating a perceivable electrical signal, completing the signal conversion path of electricity, magnetism and electricity. This way eliminates the need for electrical connection paths in traditional isolators, improves anti-interference ability and system security, and realizes high isolation and high-bandwidth digital signal transmission without electrical contact.

[0135] In a second aspect, the system input signal is converted into a pulse signal with polarity by an encoding modulator, which on one hand facilitates the rapid establishment and disappearance of a magnetic field, and facilitates the magnetic transmission unit; on the other hand, the hysteresis characteristics and the blocking state retention function of the magnetic transmission unit are utilized to maintain the signal state under the condition that the magnetic field is not continuously applied, thereby greatly reducing the system power consumption, and compared with the traditional continuous signal mode, low-power transmission can be realized.

[0136] In a third aspect, a plurality of magnetic transmission units are introduced into the isolator, each unit being composed of a group of electromagnetic coils and a magnetic tunnel junction array, and the plurality of transmission units work simultaneously to realize parallel induction of the same signal, cooperate with a backend voter module to perform data voting, effectively avoid the error code caused by the single magnetic tunnel junction flipping failure or random noise interference, realize the fault tolerance and redundant transmission strategy, and improve the data transmission reliability.

[0137] In a fourth aspect, the voter receives a plurality of decoding signals and performs voting, and outputs the voting pass rate at the same time, which can effectively deal with the error code problem caused by environmental changes or device fluctuations, and at the same time, the feedback module feeds back the information to the encoding modulator to instruct it to retransmit the signal, the feedback mechanism also adopts the magnetic signal coupling mode to transfer the feedback instruction, realizes the bidirectional communication control under complete isolation, can realize adaptive transmission guarantee, and makes the signal transmission have dynamic error correction ability and communication robustness.

[0138] The communication system provided in the embodiment realizes the isolation and transmission of electromagnetic signals by introducing an isolator and a magnetic tunnel junction array into the communication system, and combines the redundant design of the multiple magnetic transmission units and the voting feedback mechanism, which can effectively improve the reliability and anti-interference ability of the communication. On one hand, the magnetic signal transmission mode avoids the problem that the traditional electrical signal is easily disturbed in a complex electromagnetic environment, and guarantees the stability of signal transmission; on the other hand, the voter makes a consistency decision on the multiple decoding demodulation signals, and triggers the feedback retransmission when the full vote is not passed, so that the system has adaptive error correction ability and the error rate is significantly reduced. Overall, the scheme can guarantee the transmission accuracy while improving the stability and security of the system.

[0139] Corresponding to the foregoing embodiment of the communication system, the present application also provides an embodiment of a communication method.

[0140] Figure 8 The flowchart of the communication method embodiment provided in the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 8 The method provided in the embodiment can include the following steps.

[0141] S701, encode or modulate the input original signal to generate an encoded modulated signal.

[0142] S702, converting the encoded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and generating an electrical transmission signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit based on the magnetic signal.

[0143] S703, decoding or demodulating the electrical transmission signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoded demodulated signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit.

[0144] S704, voting to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoded demodulated signals corresponding to the plurality of magnetic transmission units.

[0145] S705, outputting the output signal and the voting pass rate.

[0146] S706, when the voting pass rate is not a unanimous pass, re-executing the step of encoding or modulating the input original signal.

[0147] The related introduction of steps S701 to S706 can be referred to the description in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0148] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises a coding modulator, an isolator, a decoding demodulator, a voter and a feedback module; The coding modulator is configured to code or modulate an input original signal to generate a coded modulated signal; the coded modulated signal is a pulse signal or an amplitude modulation carrier signal; The isolator is configured to convert the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal and recover an electrical transmission signal corresponding to the coded modulated signal based on the magnetic signal; the isolator comprises a plurality of magnetic transmission units; each magnetic transmission unit comprises an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic tunnel junction array magnetically coupled with a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil; the magnetic tunnel junction array is formed by at least one magnetic tunnel structure; the electromagnetic coil is configured to convert the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and the magnetic tunnel junction array is configured to induce the magnetic signal and recover the electrical transmission signal based on the induced magnetic signal; The decoding demodulator is configured to decode or demodulate the electrical transmission signal induced by each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoding demodulation signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit; The voter is configured to vote to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoding demodulation signals corresponding to the plurality of magnetic transmission units; The voter is further configured to output the output signal and the voting pass rate, and feed back the voting pass rate to the coding modulator through the feedback module, so as to instruct the coding modulator to retransmit the original signal when the voting pass rate is not a unanimous pass.

2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The feedback module comprises a coding modulation module, a magnetic transmission unit and a modulation demodulation module; The coding modulation module is configured to code or modulate the voting pass rate to generate a coded modulated signal; The magnetic transmission unit is configured to convert the coded modulated signal into a magnetic signal and generate a corresponding feedback signal based on the magnetic signal; The modulation demodulation module is configured to transmit the feedback signal to the coding modulator after demodulation and decoding, so as to instruct the coding modulator to retransmit the original signal through the feedback signal.

3. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The magnetic tunnel junction array comprises a first resistance, a second resistance, a third resistance and a first magnetic tunnel junction; The first end of the first resistance and the first end of the second resistance are connected to form a power access end; The second end of the first resistance and the first end of the third resistance are connected, and the second end of the third resistance and the first end of the first magnetic tunnel junction are connected to ground; The second end of the second resistance and the second end of the first magnetic tunnel junction are connected; The second end of the first resistance and the second end of the first magnetic tunnel junction form an electrical transmission signal output end; The resistance values of the first resistance, the second resistance and the third resistance are configured such that the electrical transmission signal output from the electrical transmission signal output end is 0 when the isolator does not input a signal.

4. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The magnetic tunnel junction array comprises a second magnetic tunnel junction, a fourth resistance, a fifth resistance and a third magnetic tunnel junction; The first end of the second magnetic tunnel junction and the first end of the fourth resistance are connected to form a power access end; The second end of the second magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the first end of the third magnetic tunnel junction and then grounded. The second end of the third magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor. The second end of the second magnetic tunnel junction and the second end of the third magnetic tunnel junction constitute an electrical transmission signal output end. The resistance values of the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are configured to make the electrical transmission signal output by the electrical transmission signal output end be 0 when the isolator does not input a signal.

5. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The magnetic tunnel junction array comprises a first forward magnetic tunnel junction, a second forward magnetic tunnel junction, a first reverse magnetic tunnel junction, and a fourth reverse magnetic tunnel junction. The first end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the first end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction and then constitutes a power supply access end. The second end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the first end of the second reverse magnetic tunnel junction, and the second end of the second reverse magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the first end of the second forward magnetic tunnel junction and then grounded. The second end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction is connected with the second end of the second forward magnetic tunnel junction. The second end of the first forward magnetic tunnel junction and the second end of the first reverse magnetic tunnel junction constitute the electrical transmission signal output end.

6. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, Multiple magnetic transmission units share the same electromagnetic coil. Alternatively, Each magnetic transmission unit has an independent electromagnetic coil.

7. The communication system of claim 1, wherein, The magnetic tunnel junction is a magnetic hysteresis type magnetic tunnel junction or a non-magnetic hysteresis type magnetic tunnel junction. When the voltage access end of the magnetic tunnel junction array is connected with a direct current voltage, the decoder demodulator compares the electrical transmission signal with a reference signal through a comparator and then outputs a demodulation result. When the power supply access end of the magnetic tunnel junction array is connected with a pulse voltage, the decoder demodulator compares the electrical transmission signal with a reference signal through a comparator, and then outputs a demodulation result by envelope demodulation of the comparison result.

8. A communication method characterized by comprising: The communication method is applied to the communication system of any one of claims 1-7, and the communication method comprises: encoding or modulating an input original signal to generate an encoded modulated signal; converting the encoded modulated signal into a magnetic signal, and generating an electrical transmission signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit based on the magnetic signal; decoding or demodulating the electrical transmission signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit to generate a decoded demodulated signal corresponding to each magnetic transmission unit; voting to generate a final output signal and a voting pass rate according to the decoded demodulated signals corresponding to multiple magnetic transmission units; outputting the output signal and the voting pass rate; when the voting pass rate is not a unanimous pass, re-executing the step of encoding or modulating the input original signal.

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