Lower jawbone motion simulation mechanism for teaching model man

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical teaching equipment, in particular to a mandible movement simulation mechanism for teaching a simulated person, which comprises a simulated mandible, a simulated temporal bone and a mandible movement mechanism for connecting the simulated mandible and the simulated temporal bone, the mandible movement mechanism comprises a right movement mechanism, a left movement mechanism and a right movement mechanism, the left movement mechanism is matched with the right movement mechanism for linkage; one end of the left movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the simulated temporal bone, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear side of the left wisdom tooth of the simulated mandible. By arranging the left movement mechanism and the right movement mechanism, the left movement mechanism and the right movement mechanism move cooperatively, the movement track of the mandible in the mouth opening and closing process of a real person is restored, and therefore the space of the throat wall of the trachea cannula is simulated when the mouth is opened for clinical operation. In the opening and closing process, the simulation of composite motion of rotation and sliding is realized, so that the teaching requirements in medical teaching activities are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical teaching equipment, in particular to a lower jaw movement simulation mechanism for a teaching mannequin. BACKGROUND

[0002] In clinical medicine such as first aid and nursing, operations such as artificial respiration, intubation, and foreign object removal require medical personnel to adjust the lower jaw of a patient to a suitable position in order to facilitate the need for clinical treatment and nursing operation. Most existing medical teaching mannequins use a single rotating shaft to satisfy the rotation of the lower jaw along the shaft, achieving the action of opening and closing the mouth. However, the lower jaw movement is not a simple hinge movement, but a combined movement with both rotation and sliding. The existing mannequins cannot meet the movement needs of the mouth during clinical treatment and nursing operation.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a technical solution that can realize combined movement to simulate the movement of a real person's lower jaw and meet the teaching needs in teaching activities. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems raised in the background art, the present application provides a lower jaw movement simulation mechanism for a teaching mannequin, comprising: a simulated lower jaw, a simulated temporal bone; Further comprising: a lower jaw movement mechanism connecting the simulated lower jaw and the simulated temporal bone; The lower jaw movement mechanism is used to simulate the combined movement of the human lower jaw and comprises: a right movement mechanism and a left movement mechanism that cooperates with the right movement mechanism; Wherein, one end of the right movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the simulated temporal bone, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the right side of the simulated lower jaw; one end of the left movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the simulated temporal bone, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the left side of the simulated lower jaw; The right movement mechanism and the left movement mechanism respectively comprise: A rotating pair fixed on the simulated temporal bone; Left and right sliding brackets fixed on the back side of the wisdom tooth near the simulated lower jaw, used for left and right sliding of the simulated lower jaw; A main rotating bracket used to control the opening and closing angle of the lower jaw; A rotating sliding bracket provided between the rotating pair and the main rotating bracket, used for rotation of the simulated lower jaw; A front and back sliding bracket provided between the left and right sliding brackets and the rotating sliding, used for front and back sliding of the simulated lower jaw.

[0005] Preferably, the cross section of the rotating pair is L-shaped, the rotating pair comprises a rotating pair vertical part and a rotating pair horizontal part, the rotating pair horizontal part is provided with a let arc surface; the rotating pair comprises a rotating hole at one end of the rotating pair horizontal part and a V-shaped sliding hole at the other end; wherein a damping piece limiting groove is provided at the hole edge of the rotating hole; a circular damping piece is arranged in the damping piece limiting groove to provide resistance during rotation; The main rotating support comprises a rotating shaft matched with the rotating hole; the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a damping piece limiting groove; a circular damping piece is arranged in the damping piece limiting groove; a square hole is arranged at the end away from the rotating shaft; damping piece limiting grooves are respectively arranged at the edges of the opposite sides of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves to provide resistance during rotation; One end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a sliding column, and the side opposite to the sliding column is provided with a square column; the square column slides in the square hole; the other end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a square hole; damping piece limiting grooves are respectively arranged at the edges of the opposite sides of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves; The front and rear sliding support is L-shaped, and comprises a front and rear sliding support vertical part and a front and rear sliding support horizontal part; the front and rear sliding support vertical part is V-shaped; the front and rear sliding support vertical part is provided with a square column at one end; the front and rear sliding support horizontal part is provided with a square hole; damping piece limiting grooves are respectively arranged at the edges of the opposite sides of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves.

[0006] Preferably, the steering gear comprises a gear disc and a steering shaft. Preferably, the rotating pair is chair-shaped, and comprises a rotating pair backrest part connected with the temporal bone, a rotating pair seat part, and a rotating pair leg part; the rotating pair backrest part is provided with a gear ring, and the part of the rotating pair backrest part close to the rotating sliding support is provided with a let arc surface; the rotating pair leg part is provided with a V-shaped sliding hole; Preferably, one end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a sliding column, and the side opposite to the sliding column is provided with a square column; a sliding plate matched with the square column; the other end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a square hole and a steering gear mounting seat, and a steering shaft hole; a anti-disengagement piece matched with the sliding column is further arranged to prevent the sliding column from disengaging from the V-shaped sliding hole; Preferably, the main rotating support comprises a square hole matched with the square column, and the square column slides in the square hole; a steering shaft hole and a steering gear mounting seat are arranged at the end of the main rotating support away from the square hole; damping piece limiting grooves are arranged around the square hole; the gear disc is matched with the gear ring, and the steering shaft moves in the steering shaft hole; Preferably, the front and rear sliding bracket is L-shaped, comprising a front and rear sliding bracket vertical part, a front and rear sliding bracket horizontal part; the front and rear sliding bracket vertical part is V-shaped; one end of the front and rear sliding bracket vertical part is provided with a square column, a eighth sliding plate matched with the square column, and a rack matched with a gear disc on one side of the one end of the front and rear sliding bracket vertical part; one side of the front and rear sliding bracket horizontal part is provided with a square hole, the other side is provided with a rudder installation seat, and a rudder shaft hole is arranged on the rudder installation seat. Preferably, the left and right sliding bracket is provided with a square column and a sliding plate matched with the square column; one side of the left and right sliding bracket is provided with a rack matched with a gear disc.

[0007] Beneficial effects: the left and right movement mechanisms are set to move coordinately, restore the movement track of the mandible in the process of opening and closing the mouth of a real person, so that the space of the throat wall of the simulated tracheal intubation is simulated when the mouth is opened for clinical operation. In the process of opening and closing the mouth, the composite motion simulation of rotation and sliding is realized, which meets the teaching needs in medical teaching activities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a simple schematic diagram of the simulated skull structure of an embodiment; Figure 2 is a simple schematic diagram of the front view of the mandible lateral view of an embodiment; Figure 3 is a simple schematic diagram of the rear view of the mandible lateral view of an embodiment; Figure 4 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the movement mechanism of an embodiment; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the first rotating and sliding bracket and the second rotating and sliding bracket of an embodiment; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the first rotating pair and the second rotating pair of an embodiment; Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the first front and rear sliding bracket and the second front and rear sliding bracket of an embodiment; Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the first main rotating bracket and the second main rotating bracket of an embodiment; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the third rotating and sliding bracket and the fourth rotating and sliding bracket of an embodiment; Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the third rotating pair and the fourth rotating pair of an embodiment; Figure 11 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the second left movement mechanism of the mandible of an embodiment; Figure 12Fig. 1 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of a right mandible moving mechanism of an embodiment; Figure 13 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a third forward and backward sliding bracket and a fourth forward and backward sliding bracket of an embodiment; Wherein: 1. a simulated temporal bone; 11. a first rotary pair; 11a. a vertical part of the first rotary pair; 11b. a horizontal part of the first rotary pair; 111. a first rotary hole; 112. a first V-shaped sliding hole; 113. a first accommodating camber; 114. a first damper limiting slot; 12. a second rotary pair; 12a. a vertical part of the second rotary pair; 12b. a horizontal part of the second rotary pair; 121. a second rotary hole; 122. a second V-shaped sliding hole; 123. a second accommodating camber; 124. a second damper limiting slot; 2. a simulated mandible; 21. a first condyle (right); 22. a second condyle (left); 23. a first left and right sliding bracket; 231. a first square column; 232. a first sliding plate; 24. a second left and right sliding bracket; 241. a second square column; 242. a second sliding plate; 3. a moving mechanism; 31. a first main rotary bracket; 311. a first rotary shaft; 312. a first square hole; 313. a third damper limiting slot; 314. a fourth damper limiting slot; 32. a first rotary sliding bracket; 320. a first sliding column; 321. a third square column; 322. a second square hole; 323. a third sliding plate; 324. a fifth damper limiting slot; C1. the third square column and the second square hole form a horizontal long line; 33. a first forward and backward sliding bracket; 33a. a vertical part of the first forward and backward sliding bracket; 33b. a horizontal part of the first forward and backward sliding bracket; 331. a fourth square column; 332. a third square hole; 333. a fourth sliding plate; 334. a sixth damper limiting slot; 34. a second main rotary bracket; 341. a second rotary shaft; 342. a fourth square hole; 343. a seventh damper limiting slot; 344. an eighth damper limiting slot; 35. a second rotary sliding bracket; 350. a second sliding column; 351. a fifth square column; 352. a fifth square hole; 353. a fifth sliding plate; 354. a ninth damper limiting slot; C2. the fifth square column and the fifth square hole form a horizontal long line; 36. a second forward and backward sliding bracket; 361. a sixth square column; 362. a sixth sliding plate; 363. a sixth square hole; 364. a tenth damper limiting slot; 36a. a vertical part of the second forward and backward sliding bracket; 36b. a horizontal part of the second forward and backward sliding bracket; 4. Square damping piece 323; 5. Round damping piece; 6. Third rotation pair; 61. Third let arc surface; 62. First gear ring; 63. Third V-shaped sliding hole; 64. Third rotation pair seat part; 65. Third rotation pair back part; 66. Third rotation pair leg part; 7. Third rotation sliding support; 71. Seventh square column; 72. Seventh square hole; 73. First steering wheel mounting seat; 74. First steering wheel shaft hole; 75. Seventh sliding plate; 76. First anti-dropping piece; 77. First steering wheel; 771. First gear disc; 772. First steering wheel shaft; 78. Third sliding column; C3. Angle between seventh square column and seventh square hole transverse extension line; 8. Third main rotation support; 81. Eighth square hole; 82. Eleventh damping piece limiting groove; 83. Second steering wheel mounting seat; 84. Second steering wheel shaft hole; 85. Second steering wheel; 851. Second gear disc; 852. Second steering wheel shaft; 9. Third front-back sliding support; 91. First rack; 92. Ninth square hole; 93. Third steering wheel mounting seat; 94. Third steering wheel shaft hole; 95. Eighth sliding plate; 96. Third steering wheel; 961. Third gear disc; 962. Third steering wheel shaft; 97. Eighth square column; 98. Third front-back sliding support vertical part; 99. Third front-back sliding support horizontal part; 13. Third left-right sliding support; 131. Ninth square column; 132. Second rack; 133. Ninth sliding plate; 6a. Fourth rotation pair; 61a. Fourth let arc surface; 62a. Second gear ring; 63a. Fourth V-shaped sliding hole; 64a. Fourth rotation pair seat part; 65a. Fourth rotation pair back part; 66a. Fourth rotation pair leg part; 7a. Fourth rotation sliding support; 71a. Tenth square column; 72a. Tenth square hole; 73a. Fourth steering wheel mounting seat; 74a. Fourth steering wheel shaft hole; 75a. Tenth sliding plate; 76a. Second anti-dropping piece; 77a. Fourth steering wheel; 771a. Fourth gear disc; 772a. Fourth steering wheel shaft; 78a. Fourth sliding column; C4. Angle between tenth square column and tenth square hole transverse extension line; 8a. Fourth main rotation support; 81a. Eleventh square hole; 82a. Twelfth damping piece limiting groove; 83a. Fifth steering wheel mounting seat; 84a. Fifth steering wheel shaft hole; 85a. Fifth steering wheel; 851a. Fifth gear disc; 852a. Fifth steering wheel shaft; 9a. fourth front-rear sliding bracket; 91a. third rack; 92a. twelfth square hole; 93a. sixth steering engine mounting seat; 94a. sixth steering engine shaft hole; 95a. eleventh sliding plate; 96a. sixth steering engine; 961a. sixth toothed disc; 962a. sixth steering engine shaft; 97a. eleventh square column; 98a. fourth front-rear sliding bracket vertical part; 99a. fourth front-rear sliding bracket horizontal part; 13a. fourth left-right sliding bracket; 131a. twelfth square column; 132a. fourth rack; 133a. twelfth sliding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0010] The terms used in the detailed description of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0011] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth", "tenth", "eleventh", "twelfth" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0012] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "horizontal", "outer", "inner" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0013] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided with" and "provided with" should be broadly understood. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0014] Embodiment one, as Figures 1 to 8 : Preferably, a lower jawbone movement simulation mechanism for a teaching model person is provided, comprising: a simulation lower jawbone 2, a simulation temporal bone; Further comprising: a lower jawbone movement mechanism 3 connecting the simulation lower jawbone and the simulation temporal bone; The mandible movement mechanism 3 is used for simulating the complex movement mode of human mandible, and comprises a right movement mechanism and a left movement mechanism which is linked with the right movement mechanism; One end of the right movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the simulated temporal bone 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the right side of the simulated mandible 2. One end of the left movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the simulated temporal bone 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the left side of the simulated mandible 2. The right movement mechanism and the left movement mechanism respectively comprise: A rotating pair fixed on the simulated temporal bone 1; Left and right sliding supports fixed on the back side of the wisdom tooth close to the simulated mandible 2, used for left and right sliding of the simulated mandible 2; A main rotating support used for controlling the opening angle of the simulated mandible 2; A rotating sliding support arranged between the rotating pair and the main rotating support, used for rotating of the simulated mandible 2; A front and back sliding support arranged between the left and right sliding supports and the rotating sliding, used for front and back sliding of the simulated mandible 2.

[0015] In the embodiment, a simulated skull bone is provided to simulate the anatomical structure of human skull bone. In the embodiment, in order to facilitate detailed explanation, the right movement mechanism comprises a first right movement mechanism or a second right movement mechanism, and the left movement mechanism comprises a first left movement mechanism or a second left movement mechanism. In the embodiment, in order to facilitate detailed explanation, the first right movement mechanism is close to the first condyle (right) 21, and the first left movement mechanism is close to the second condyle (left) 22.

[0016] In the embodiment, the first right movement mechanism comprises: A first rotating pair 11 fixed on the right side of the simulated temporal bone 1, the first rotating pair 11 is in L shape, the first rotating pair 11 comprises a first rotating pair vertical part 11a and a first rotating pair horizontal part 11b, the first rotating pair horizontal part 11b is provided with a first arc clearance surface 113; the first rotating pair 11 comprises a first rotating hole 111 at one end of the first rotating pair horizontal part 11b and a first V-shaped sliding hole 112 at the other end; wherein a first damping piece limiting groove 114 is arranged at the hole edge of the first rotating hole 111; a circular damping piece 5 is arranged in the first damping piece limiting groove 114.

[0017] A first left and right sliding support 23 is fixed on the back side of the right wisdom tooth close to the simulated mandible 2, and is provided with a first square column 231.

[0018] The first main rotating support 31 comprises a first rotating shaft 311 matched with the first rotating hole 111; the bottom of the first rotating shaft 311 is provided with a third damping piece limiting groove 313; the third damping piece limiting groove 313 is internally provided with a circular damping piece 5; the end away from the first rotating shaft 311 is provided with a first square hole 312; the opposite two side edges of the first square hole 312 are respectively provided with fourth damping piece limiting grooves 314; the fourth damping piece limiting grooves 314 are internally provided with square damping pieces 4.

[0019] One end of the first rotating sliding support 32 is provided with a first sliding column 320, and the opposite side of the first sliding column 320 is provided with a third square column 321; the third square column 321 slides in the first square hole 312; the other end of the first rotating sliding support 32 is provided with a second square hole 322; the opposite two side edges of the second square hole 322 are respectively provided with fifth damping piece limiting grooves 324; the fifth damping piece limiting grooves 324 are internally provided with square damping pieces 4; the third square column 321 and the second square hole 322 form an angle C1 of 15 degrees with the transverse long line.

[0020] The first front-rear sliding support 33 is in an L shape, and comprises a first front-rear sliding support vertical part 33a and a first front-rear sliding support horizontal part 33b. The first front-rear sliding support vertical part 33a is in a V shape; one end of the first front-rear sliding support vertical part 33a is provided with a fourth square column 331. The first front-rear sliding support horizontal part 33b is provided with a third square hole 332; the opposite two side edges of the third square hole 332 are respectively provided with sixth damping piece limiting grooves 334; the sixth damping piece limiting grooves 334 are internally provided with square damping pieces 4.

[0021] When assembled, the circular damping piece 5 is placed in the first damping piece limiting groove 114 and the third damping piece limiting groove 313, and the first rotating shaft 311 is rotatably fixed in the first rotating hole 111; the first slide column 320 is placed in the first V-shaped sliding hole 112; in this embodiment, the diameter of the first slide column 320 is the same as the inner diameter of the first V-shaped sliding hole 112; the square damping piece 4 is placed in the third damping piece limiting groove 313, the third square column 321 passes through the first square hole 312 to be fixed on the third sliding plate 323, so that the third square column 321 slides in the first square hole 312; in this embodiment, the third square column 321 can only slide relative to the first square hole 312 in the first square hole 312; when the third square column 321 slides, the square damping piece 4 provides a sliding damping force. The square damping piece 4 is placed in the fifth damping piece limiting groove 324, the fourth square column 331 passes through the second square hole 322 from one side of the first rotating auxiliary vertical part 11a and is fixed with the fourth sliding plate 333, so that the fourth square column 331 slides in the second square hole 322; in this embodiment, the fourth square column 331 can only slide relative to the second square hole 322 in the second square hole 322; the square damping piece 4 is placed in the sixth damping piece limiting groove 334, the first square column 231 passes through the third square hole 332 to the first rotating auxiliary 11 and is fixed with the first sliding plate 232, so that the first square column 231 slides in the third square hole 332; in this embodiment, the first square column 231 can only slide relative to the third square hole 332 in the third square hole 332.

[0022] The first left motion mechanism comprises: The second rotating auxiliary 12 is fixed on the left side of the simulated temporal bone, the interface of the second rotating auxiliary 12 is L-shaped, the L-shaped second rotating auxiliary 12 comprises a second rotating auxiliary vertical part 12a and a second rotating auxiliary horizontal part 12b, and the second rotating auxiliary horizontal part 12b is provided with a second arc surface 123; the second rotating auxiliary 12 comprises a second rotating hole 121 at one end of the second rotating auxiliary horizontal part 12b and a second V-shaped sliding hole 122 at the other end; a second damping piece limiting groove 124 is arranged at the hole edge of the second rotating hole 121; and a circular damping piece 5 is arranged in the second damping piece limiting groove 124.

[0023] The second left and right sliding bracket 24 is fixed on the back side of the left wisdom tooth close to the simulated mandible 2, and is provided with a second square column 241.

[0024] The second main rotating support 34 comprises a second rotating shaft 341 matched with the second rotating hole 121, a seventh damping piece limiting groove 343 is arranged at the bottom of the second rotating shaft 341, a circular damping piece 5 is arranged in the seventh damping piece limiting groove 343, a fourth square hole 342 is arranged at the end away from the second rotating shaft 341, eighth damping piece limiting grooves 344 are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the fourth square hole 342, and square damping pieces 4 are arranged in the eighth damping piece limiting grooves 344.

[0025] The second rotating sliding support 35 is provided with a second sliding column 350 at one end, and a fifth square column 351 is arranged at the side opposite to the second sliding column 350; the fifth square column 351 slides in the fourth square hole 342; a fifth square hole 352 is arranged at the other end of the second rotating sliding support 35; ninth damping piece limiting grooves 354 are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the fifth square hole 352, and square damping pieces 4 are arranged in the ninth damping piece limiting grooves 354; and the included angle C2 between the fifth square column 351 and the fifth square hole 352 is 15 degrees.

[0026] The second front-rear sliding support 36 is L-shaped, and comprises a second front-rear sliding support vertical part 36a and a second front-rear sliding support horizontal part 36b; the second front-rear sliding support vertical part 36a is V-shaped; a sixth square column 361 is arranged at one end of the second front-rear sliding support vertical part 36a, and a sixth square hole 363 is arranged at the second front-rear sliding support horizontal part 36b; tenth damping piece limiting grooves 364 are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the sixth square hole 363, and square damping pieces 4 are arranged in the tenth damping piece limiting grooves 364.

[0027] When assembled, the circular damping piece 5 is placed in the second damping piece limiting groove 124 and the seventh damping piece limiting groove 343, and the second rotating shaft 341 is rotatably fixed in the second rotating hole 121; the second slide column 350 is placed in the second V-shaped slide hole 122; in this embodiment, the diameter of the second slide column 350 is the same as the inner diameter of the second V-shaped slide hole 122; the square damping piece 4 is placed in the third damping piece limiting groove 313, the fifth square column 351 passes through the fourth square hole 342 to fix the fifth slide plate 353, so that the fifth square column 351 slides in the fourth square hole 342; in this embodiment, the fifth square column 351 can only slide relative to the fourth square hole 342 in the fourth square hole 342; when the fifth square column 351 slides, the square damping piece 4 provides a sliding damping force. The square damping piece 4 is placed in the ninth damping piece limiting groove 354, the sixth square column 361 passes through the fifth square hole 352 from one side of the second rotating auxiliary vertical part 12a and is fixed with the sixth slide plate 362, so that the sixth square column 361 slides in the fifth square hole 352; in this embodiment, the sixth square column 361 can only slide relative to the fifth square hole 352 in the fifth square hole 352; the square damping piece 4 is placed in the tenth damping piece limiting groove 364, the second square column 241 passes through the sixth square hole 363 to the second rotating auxiliary 12 and is fixed with the second slide plate 242, so that the second square column 241 slides in the sixth square hole 363; in this embodiment, the second square column 241 can only slide relative to the sixth square hole 363 in the sixth square hole 363.

[0028] In actual first aid or nursing operation, the stage division and angle distribution of condylar movement are generally as follows: 1) Rotational movement (initial opening, 0~20mm opening degree) Movement characteristics: condyle rotates in place in the glenoid fossa (hinge movement), and the articular disc rotates synchronously with the condyle.

[0029] Rotational angle: about 10°~15° (with the reference axis of the mandibular ramus).

[0030] Physiological significance: to achieve small amplitude opening (such as whispering, slightly opening), which consumes less energy.

[0031] 2) Sliding movement (late opening, >20mm to maximum opening degree) Movement characteristics: condyle slides forward and downward, and moves to the lower side of the tubercle of the temporal bone articular surface. Sliding angle: about 20°~30° (the angle between the condylar path and the horizontal plane).

[0032] Sliding distance: condyle moves forward by 5~10mm (with large individual differences).

[0033] Physiological significance: to achieve large amplitude opening (such as chewing, intubation), which requires coordination of the articular disc to avoid impact.

[0034] 3) Maximal opening (40-55 mm) Condyle position: sliding to the top of the condylar process or slightly below, at which point the rotational movement is basically stopped, and sliding is dominant.

[0035] Disc status: the anterior band of the disc is stretched, the posterior band is compressed, preventing direct contact between the condyle and the temporal bone.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the mandibular movement mechanism moves, it rotates along the axis from the closed state to 15 degrees (mandible opening downward) to complete the small opening action, and at this time the condyle of the mandible only has rotational movement. When the mandible rotates 0-15 degrees, the main rotating bracket (first main rotating bracket 31, second main rotating bracket 34) rotates along the rotating shaft (first rotating shaft 311, second rotating shaft 341), while driving the rotating and sliding bracket (first rotating and sliding bracket 32, second rotating and sliding bracket 35) and other brackets of the mandibular movement mechanism to rotate, thereby enabling the mandible to complete the small opening action. The rotation in this range is limited to the rotating and sliding bracket (first rotating and sliding bracket 32, second rotating and sliding bracket 35) by the sliding hole (first V-shaped sliding hole 112, second V-shaped sliding hole 122), and only rotational movement is completed.

[0037] From small opening to large opening action, it needs to rotate another 15 degrees, at this time the mandible not only has rotational movement but also has forward sliding movement, completing the sliding displacement action during the large opening of the mandible. When the mandible rotates 15-30 degrees, the main rotating bracket (first main rotating bracket 31, second main rotating bracket 34) rotates along the rotating shaft (first rotating shaft 311, second rotating shaft 341), while driving the rotating and sliding bracket (first rotating and sliding bracket 32, second rotating and sliding bracket 35) and other brackets of the mandibular movement mechanism to rotate, and due to the sliding hole (first V-shaped sliding hole 112, second V-shaped sliding hole 122), the movement trajectory of the rotating and sliding bracket (first rotating and sliding bracket 32, second rotating and sliding bracket 35) is a composite movement of rotation and sliding, thereby enabling the mandible to complete the action from small opening to large opening.

[0038] Mandibular forward and backward sliding: the forward and backward sliding bracket (first forward and backward sliding bracket 33, second forward and backward sliding bracket 36) is connected with the rotating and sliding bracket (first rotating and sliding bracket 32, second rotating and sliding bracket 35) for sliding, and the connection structure is a quadrilateral structure, which can only slide and displace at this position.

[0039] Mandibular left and right sliding: the left and right sliding bracket (first left and right sliding bracket 23, second left and right sliding bracket 24) is connected with the forward and backward bracket (first forward and backward sliding bracket 33, second forward and backward sliding bracket 36) for sliding, and the connection structure is a quadrilateral structure, which can only slide and displace at this position.

[0040] Composite movement, can complete the displacement of the mandible in any position: For example: the mandible opening angle is 20°, sliding 2mm to the left, sliding 3mm forward, the movement sequence of this action is: 1. The main rotating support (first main rotating support 31, second main rotating support 34) rotates 15 degrees, and the subsequent support linkage is 15 degrees 2. The main rotating support (first main rotating support 31, second main rotating support 34) continues to rotate 5 degrees, and the subsequent support linkage is 5 degrees, while the rotating sliding support (first rotating sliding support 32, second rotating sliding support 35) moves forward along the curved groove limit, and the subsequent support linkage moves forward.

[0041] 3. The sliding pair effect between the front and rear sliding supports (first front and rear sliding support 33, second front and rear sliding support 36) and the left and right sliding supports (first left and right sliding support 23, second left and right sliding support 24), the mandible slides 2mm to the left 4. The sliding pair effect between the front and rear sliding supports (first front and rear sliding support 33, second front and rear sliding support 36) and the rotating sliding support (first rotating sliding support 32, second rotating sliding support 35), the mandible slides 3mm forward to reach the target position.

[0042] In this embodiment, the square damping piece and the circular damping piece are wear-resistant damping pieces; the connection between the sliding plate and the square column is fastened by bolts, and the tightening process deforms the wear-resistant damping piece to make it fully contact with the contact surface. Different tightening torques can achieve different damping effects. When the damping force is greater than the resistance of the outer skin, the mandible can stay in any position.

[0043] In example two, Figures 9 to 13 : Preferably, a mandibular movement simulation mechanism for a teaching model person is provided, comprising: a simulation mandible 2, a simulation temporal bone; Further comprising: a mandibular movement mechanism 3 connecting the simulation mandible and the simulation temporal bone; The mandibular movement mechanism 3 is used to simulate the composite movement of the human mandible, comprising: a right movement mechanism, and a left movement mechanism cooperating with the right movement mechanism; One end of the right movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the simulation temporal bone 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the right side of the simulation mandible 2; one end of the left movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the simulation temporal bone 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the wisdom tooth on the left side of the simulation mandible 2; The right movement mechanism and the left movement mechanism respectively comprise: A rotating pair fixed on the simulation temporal bone 1; A left-right sliding bracket is fixed near the back side of the wisdom tooth of the simulated mandible 2, and is used for left-right sliding of the simulated mandible 2; A main rotating bracket is used for controlling the opening-closing angle of the simulated mandible 2; A rotating sliding bracket is arranged between the rotating pair and the main rotating bracket, and is used for rotating of the simulated mandible 2; A front-rear sliding bracket is arranged between the left-right sliding bracket and the rotating sliding, and is used for front-rear sliding of the simulated mandible 2.

[0044] In the embodiment, a simulated skull is provided, which simulates the anatomical structure of the human skull; In the embodiment, in order to facilitate detailed explanation, the right movement mechanism comprises a first right movement mechanism or a second right movement mechanism; and the left movement mechanism comprises a first left movement mechanism or a second left movement mechanism. In the embodiment, in order to facilitate detailed explanation, the first right movement mechanism is close to the first condyle (right) 21; and the first left movement mechanism is close to the second condyle (left) 22.

[0045] In the embodiment, the second right movement mechanism comprises: A third rotating pair 6 is fixed on the right side of the simulated temporal bone 1, and the third rotating pair 6 is in the shape of a chair. The third rotating pair 6 comprises a third rotating pair chair back part 65 connected with the simulated temporal bone 1, a third rotating pair chair seat part 64, and a third rotating pair chair leg part 66. The third rotating pair chair back part 65 is provided with a first gear ring 62, and a part of the third rotating pair chair back part 65 close to the third rotating sliding bracket 7 is provided with a third accommodating camber surface 61. The third rotating pair chair leg part 66 is provided with a third V-shaped sliding hole 63. The third rotating pair chair seat part 64 is used for observing the running state of the first gear ring 62, and is also used for cleaning and washing the movement mechanism to facilitate maintenance when the first gear ring 62 is in action and oil stains or material debris are overflowed.

[0046] One end of the third rotating sliding bracket 7 is provided with a third sliding column 78, and the side opposite to the third sliding column 78 is provided with a seventh square column 71. The seventh square column 71 is matched with a seventh sliding plate 75. The other end of the third rotating sliding bracket 7 is provided with a seventh square hole 72 and a first steering engine mounting seat 73, and a first steering engine shaft hole 74. The third sliding column 78 is matched with a first anti-falling piece 76 to prevent the third sliding column 78 from separating from the third V-shaped sliding hole 63. The included angle C3 between the seventh square column 71 and the seventh square hole 72 is 15 degrees.

[0047] The first steering engine 77 comprises a first tooth disc 771 and a first steering engine shaft 772 rotating in the first steering engine shaft hole 74. The third main rotating support 8 comprises an eighth square hole 81 matched with a seventh square column 71, the seventh square column 71 sliding in the eighth square hole 81; a second steering gear shaft hole 84 and a second steering gear mounting seat 83 are arranged at one end of the third main rotating support 8 away from the eighth square hole 81; an eleventh damping piece limiting groove 82 is arranged around the eighth square hole 81; a square damping piece 4 is arranged in the eleventh damping piece limiting groove 82. In some other embodiments, the square damping piece 4 is not arranged in the eleventh damping piece limiting groove 82.

[0048] The second steering gear 85 comprises a second tooth disc 851 matched with the first gear ring 62; and a second steering gear shaft 852 moving in the second steering gear shaft hole 84.

[0049] The third front-back sliding support 9 is in L shape, and comprises a third front-back sliding support vertical part 98 and a third front-back sliding support horizontal part 99. The third front-back sliding support vertical part 98 is in V shape; one end of the third front-back sliding support vertical part 98 is provided with an eighth square column 97, an eighth sliding plate 95 matched with the eighth square column 97, and a first rack 91 matched with the first tooth disc 771 arranged on one side of the one end of the third front-back sliding support vertical part 98; one side of the third front-back sliding support horizontal part 99 is provided with a ninth square hole 92, the other side is provided with a third steering gear mounting seat 93, and a third steering gear shaft hole 94.

[0050] The third steering gear 96 comprises a third tooth disc 961 and a third steering gear shaft 962 moving in the third steering gear shaft hole 94. The third left-right sliding support 13 is fixed on the back side of the wisdom tooth of the simulated mandible 2, and is provided with a ninth square column 131 and a ninth sliding plate 133 matched with the ninth square column 131; one side of the third left-right sliding support 13 is provided with a second rack 132 matched with the third tooth disc 961.

[0051] The second left motion mechanism comprises: A fourth rotating pair 6a is fixed on the left side of the simulated temporal bone 1, the fourth rotating pair 6a is in the shape of a chair, the fourth rotating pair 6a includes a fourth rotating pair chair back part 65a connected with the simulated temporal bone 1, a fourth rotating pair chair seat part 64a, and a fourth rotating pair chair leg part 66a, the fourth rotating pair chair back part 65a is provided with a second gear ring 62a, and a fourth accommodating camber surface 61a is arranged on the part of the fourth rotating pair chair back part 65a close to the fourth rotating sliding support 7a; the fourth rotating pair chair leg part 66a is provided with a fourth V-shaped sliding hole 63a; the fourth rotating pair chair seat part 64a is used for observing the running state of the second gear ring 62a on one hand, and on the other hand, when the second gear ring 62a is in action, oil stains or material debris will overflow, therefore, the fourth rotating pair chair seat part 64a can also be used for cleaning and washing the moving mechanism, and convenient maintenance.

[0052] One end of the fourth rotating sliding support 7a is provided with a fourth sliding column 78a, and the side opposite to the fourth sliding column 78a is provided with a tenth square column 71a; a tenth sliding plate 75a matched with the tenth square column 71a; the other end of the fourth rotating sliding support 7a is provided with a tenth square hole 72a and a fourth steering wheel mounting seat 73a, and a fourth steering wheel shaft hole 74a; and a second anti-drop piece 76a matched with the fourth sliding column 78a is further arranged to prevent the fourth sliding column 78a from separating from the fourth V-shaped sliding hole 63a; the included angle C4 between the tenth square column 71a and the tenth square hole 72a is 15 degrees.

[0053] The fourth steering wheel 77a includes a fourth gear disc 771a and a fourth steering wheel shaft 772a rotating in the fourth steering wheel shaft hole 74a.

[0054] The fourth main rotating support 8a includes an eleventh square hole 81a matched with the tenth square column 71a, and the tenth square column 71a slides in the eleventh square hole 81a; a fifth steering wheel shaft hole 84a and a fifth steering wheel mounting seat 83a are arranged on the end of the fourth main rotating support 8a away from the eleventh square hole 81a; a twelfth damping piece limiting groove 82a is arranged on the surrounding part of the eleventh square hole 81a; and a square damping piece 4 is arranged in the twelfth damping piece limiting groove 82a. In some other embodiments, the square damping piece 4 is not arranged in the twelfth damping piece limiting groove 82a.

[0055] The fifth steering wheel 85a includes a fifth gear disc 851a matched with the second gear ring 62a and a fifth steering wheel shaft 852a moving in the fifth steering wheel shaft hole 84a.

[0056] The fourth front-rear sliding bracket 9a is in L shape, and comprises a fourth front-rear sliding bracket vertical part 98a and a fourth front-rear sliding bracket horizontal part 99a. The fourth front-rear sliding bracket vertical part 98a is in V shape, and is provided with an eleventh square column 97a at one end, an eleventh sliding plate 95a matched with the eleventh square column 97a, and a third rack 91a matched with the fourth tooth disc 771a at one side of the one end of the fourth front-rear sliding bracket vertical part 98a. The fourth front-rear sliding bracket horizontal part 99a is provided with a twelfth square hole 92a at one side, a sixth steering engine mounting seat 93a at the other side, and a sixth steering engine shaft hole 94a.

[0057] The sixth steering engine 96a comprises a sixth tooth disc 961a and a sixth steering engine shaft 962a moving in the sixth steering engine shaft hole 94a.

[0058] The fourth left-right sliding bracket 13a is fixed at the back side of the wisdom tooth of the simulated mandible 2, and is provided with a twelfth square column 131a and a twelfth sliding plate 133a matched with the twelfth square column 131a. One side of the fourth left-right sliding bracket 13a is provided with a fourth rack 132a matched with the sixth tooth disc 961a.

[0059] The steering engine in the embodiment is controlled by Bluetooth, and is provided with an internal power supply or an external power supply. After the steering engine is started, the tooth disc and the rack or the gear ring interact with each other, drive the corresponding components to which the tooth disc or the rack belongs to move, and realize the change of the angle of the mandible. When the steering engine is controlled, one steering engine can be controlled, or multiple steering engines can be controlled, so as to realize different mandible movement angles. The steering engine is fixed on the corresponding steering engine mounting seat by bolts.

[0060] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used for limitation. Although the foregoing embodiments are described in detail, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalently replace some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mandibular movement simulation mechanism for teaching a model person, comprising: Analogizing mandible, analogizing temporal bone, characterized in that: Further comprising: mandible movement mechanism connecting analogizing mandible and analogizing temporal bone; The mandible movement mechanism is used for analogizing the complex movement mode of human mandible, and comprises a right movement mechanism and a left movement mechanism which is linked with the right movement mechanism; One end of the right movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the right side of the analogizing temporal bone, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the right wisdom tooth of the analogizing mandible; one end of the left movement mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the analogizing temporal bone, and the other end is fixedly connected to the back side of the left wisdom tooth of the analogizing mandible; The right movement mechanism and the left movement mechanism respectively comprise: A rotating pair fixed on the analogizing temporal bone; Left and right sliding supports fixed on the back side of the wisdom tooth close to the analogizing mandible and used for left and right sliding of the analogizing mandible; A main rotating support used for controlling the opening and closing angle of the analogizing mandible; A rotating and sliding support arranged between the rotating pair and the main rotating support and used for rotation of the analogizing mandible; A front and back sliding support arranged between the left and right sliding supports and the rotating and sliding support and used for front and back sliding of the analogizing mandible.

2. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating pair has an L-shaped cross section, and comprises a rotating pair vertical part and a rotating pair horizontal part; the rotating pair horizontal part is provided with a let-in arc surface; the rotating pair comprises a rotating hole at one end of the rotating pair horizontal part and a V-shaped sliding hole at the other end; a damping piece limiting groove is arranged at the hole edge of the rotating hole; a circular damping piece is arranged in the damping piece limiting groove and used for providing resistance during rotation.

3. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in a teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sliding supports are fixed on the end of the left tooth close to the mandible and are provided with square columns.

4. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in a teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main rotating support comprises a rotating shaft matched with the rotating hole; the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a damping piece limiting groove; a circular damping piece is arranged in the damping piece limiting groove; a square hole is arranged at the end away from the rotating shaft; damping piece limiting grooves are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves and used for providing resistance during rotation.

5. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating and sliding support is provided with a sliding column, and the side opposite to the sliding column is provided with a square column; the other end of the rotating and sliding support is provided with a square hole; damping piece limiting grooves are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves.

6. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and back sliding support has an L shape, and comprises a front and back sliding support vertical part and a front and back sliding support horizontal part; the front and back sliding support vertical part has a V shape; a square column is arranged at one end of the front and back sliding support vertical part; a square hole is arranged at the front and back sliding support horizontal part; damping piece limiting grooves are arranged at the opposite two side edges of the square hole; square damping pieces are arranged in the damping piece limiting grooves.

7. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin for use in a teaching model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising: A rudder mechanism, the rudder mechanism comprising a gear disc and a rudder shaft.

8. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating pair has a chair shape, and comprises a rotating pair chair back part, a rotating pair chair seat part and a rotating pair chair leg part connected with the temporal bone; the rotating pair chair back part is provided with a gear ring, and the part of the rotating pair chair back part close to the rotating and sliding support is provided with a let-in arc surface; the rotating pair chair leg part is provided with a V-shaped sliding hole.

9. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to claim 7, wherein: One end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a slide column, and the side opposite to the slide column is provided with a square column; a sliding plate matched with the square column; the other end of the rotating sliding support is provided with a square hole and a rudder installation seat, and a rudder shaft hole; and a anti-off piece matched with the slide column is further provided.

10. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to claim 7, wherein: The main rotating support comprises: a square hole matched with the square column, the square column sliding in the square hole; a rudder shaft hole and a rudder installation seat are arranged on the end of the main rotating support away from the square hole; a damping piece limiting groove is arranged around the square hole; the gear disc is matched with the gear ring, and the rudder shaft moves in the rudder shaft hole.

11. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to claim 7, wherein: The front and rear sliding support is in L shape, and comprises a front and rear sliding support vertical part and a front and rear sliding support horizontal part; the front and rear sliding support vertical part is in V shape; one end of the front and rear sliding support vertical part is provided with a square column, a sliding plate matched with the square column, and a rack matched with the gear disc on one side of the one end of the front and rear sliding support vertical part; one side of the front and rear sliding support horizontal part is provided with a square hole, and the other side is provided with a rudder installation seat and a rudder shaft hole.

12. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left and right sliding support is provided with a square column and a sliding plate matched with the square column; one side of the left and right sliding support is provided with a rack matched with the gear disc.

13. A mechanism for simulating mandibular movement of a manikin according to any one of claims 5 or 9, characterized in that: The square column on the rotating sliding support and the square hole are at an angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal long line.

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