Energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention provides energy storage equipment which mainly solves the problem that a high-capacity battery in existing energy storage equipment has potential safety hazards. The energy storage device comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster comprises at least one high-capacity battery; the temperature control system comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat conveying unit and a heat treatment unit; the heat exchange unit exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery; the heat conveying unit is used for conveying a heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit; and the heat treatment unit is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium conveyed by the heat conveying unit. The temperature control system controls the working temperature of the high-capacity battery, so that potential safety hazards of the high-capacity battery are avoided, and the use safety of the high-capacity battery is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery, and particularly relates to a kind of energy storage equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of single batteries are connected in parallel or series to form a large-capacity battery (also referred to as a large-capacity battery or a battery pack). However, the single batteries in the large-capacity battery have differences, which greatly limits the upper limit of the capacity and the cycle number of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0003] The large-capacity battery with the above structure has the characteristics of high space utilization, high integration and high energy density. However, due to the high concentration of single batteries in the large-capacity battery, a large amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging, and the heat gradually increases. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the large-capacity battery, thereby reducing the service life of the large-capacity battery. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the large-capacity battery is destroyed, causing safety hazards. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a kind of energy storage equipment, mainly solves the problem of safety hazard existing in the prior art large-capacity battery.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows:

[0006] An energy storage equipment includes a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster includes at least one large-capacity battery, and the large-capacity battery includes a plurality of single batteries arranged in sequence along the x direction. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat treatment unit. The number of heat exchange units is consistent with the number of large-capacity batteries, and each heat exchange unit is arranged on each large-capacity battery one by one to realize heat exchange with the large-capacity battery. The heat exchange unit includes at least one liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat conductive pieces. The liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes, and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the liquid cooling channel. At the same time, the liquid cooling plate is provided with at least one group of through holes arranged in sequence along the x direction and penetrating the liquid cooling plate in the z direction. A plurality of heat conductive pieces are embedded in the through holes one by one, and each heat conductive piece is provided with a heat conductive hole through which the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery passes. The liquid cooling plate is arranged on the large-capacity battery, and the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the avoidance hole and passes through the heat conductive hole of the heat conductive piece. The liquid cooling plate is insulated from the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery. The heat transfer unit is used to transfer the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit. The heat treatment unit is used to heat or cool the heat transfer medium transferred by the heat transfer unit.

[0007] Further, the heat exchange unit comprises two liquid cooling plates, each corresponding to the same side monomer battery polarity terminal in the large capacity battery, and each liquid cooling plate is provided with a group of heat conductive members arranged in sequence along the x direction, and the liquid inlet of one liquid cooling plate and the liquid outlet of the other liquid cooling plate are connected by a connecting pipe.

[0008] Further, the heat exchange unit comprises one liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is provided with two groups of heat conductive members arranged in sequence along the x direction.

[0009] Further, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a partition plate to divide the liquid cooling channel into a U-shaped liquid cooling channel, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling channel communicated with the liquid inlet exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal of the large capacity battery, and the liquid cooling channel communicated with the liquid outlet exchanges heat with the negative polarity terminal of the large capacity battery.

[0010] Further, the large capacity battery further comprises a shell, and a plurality of monomer batteries are arranged in the same direction in the shell; the shell is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber and the inner cavities of all the monomer batteries are communicated; the top plate of the shell is provided with a relief hole corresponding to each monomer battery polarity terminal; each monomer battery polarity terminal extends out of the relief hole, and the area of the top plate of the shell corresponding to the relief hole is fixedly sealed with the monomer battery shell.

[0011] Further, the shared chamber comprises an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is communicated with the electrolyte area of each monomer battery; the gas shared chamber is communicated with the gas area of each monomer battery, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the shell and each monomer battery, and the gas channel covers the explosion relief membrane of each monomer battery, and when the explosion relief membrane of any monomer battery is broken by the inner cavity thermal runaway smoke, the gas area of the monomer battery and the gas channel are communicated.

[0012] Further, the top plate of the shell is provided with an insulating sealing adhesive layer, the liquid cooling plate is embedded in the insulating sealing adhesive layer, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate extend out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer, and the top of the shell is provided with an insulating protective cover, and each monomer battery polarity terminal and the liquid cooling plate are located in the insulating protective cover.

[0013] Further, the battery cluster comprises a plurality of large-capacity battery units arranged in a vertical direction, each large-capacity battery unit comprising a plurality of large-capacity batteries arranged in a horizontal direction; the heat delivery unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to deliver the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to distribute the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to the plurality of large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in the plurality of large-capacity batteries to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly; the liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe, a second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet port of the first-stage liquid inlet pipe is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the first-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity battery units; the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the second-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid outlet pipe; the plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and are used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the large-capacity batteries to the second-stage liquid outlet pipe; each second-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet pipe, and is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the plurality of large-capacity battery units to the first-stage liquid outlet pipe; the first-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0014] Further, the battery cluster comprises a plurality of large-capacity battery units arranged in a vertical direction, each large-capacity battery unit comprising a plurality of large-capacity batteries arranged in a horizontal direction; the heat delivery unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used to deliver the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used to distribute the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to the plurality of large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange in the plurality of large-capacity batteries to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly; the liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe, a second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet port of the first-stage liquid inlet pipe is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the first-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity battery units; the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the second-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity batteries; the liquid return pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid outlet pipe; the plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and are used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the large-capacity batteries to the second-stage liquid outlet pipe; each second-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet pipe, and is used to converge the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the plurality of large-capacity battery units to the first-stage liquid outlet pipe; the first-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, at least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, liquid outlet pipeline assembly, liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with an insulation layer. At the same time, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines. The liquid supply pipeline assembly is provided with a water replenishment joint, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is provided with an exhaust valve; the heat treatment unit includes a temperature controller, the liquid inlet of the temperature controller is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and the liquid outlet of the temperature controller is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly. The temperature controller is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the temperature controller are provided with blocking joints, which can seal the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The energy storage device of the present invention is equipped with a temperature control system that controls the operating temperature of the large-capacity battery to avoid potential safety hazards and improve the safety of the large-capacity battery. The temperature control system achieves heat exchange with the large-capacity battery through a liquid cooling plate located on top of the large-capacity battery. After the liquid cooling plate is installed on top of the large-capacity battery, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate and the heat conducting member of the liquid cooling plate both exchange heat with the large-capacity battery. This heat exchange method effectively controls the temperature at different locations throughout the large-capacity battery, avoiding performance and safety issues caused by excessively high or low temperatures in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the performance and safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0018] 2. In the energy storage device of the present invention, the heat exchange unit includes two liquid cooling plates, each of which is provided with a group of heat conducting members arranged in sequence along the x-direction. At the same time, the liquid inlet of one liquid cooling plate and the liquid outlet of the other liquid cooling plate are connected by a connecting pipe. This arrangement enables the liquid inlet and liquid outlet on the liquid cooling plate on top of the large-capacity battery to be located on the same side of the liquid cooling plate, which facilitates the assembly of the large-capacity battery and is easy to connect to the external pipeline, thereby improving the pipeline connectivity and the compactness of the pipeline layout.

[0019] 3. In the energy storage device of the present invention, the heat exchange unit includes a liquid cooling plate equipped with two sets of heat conducting elements arranged sequentially along the x-direction. Each heat conducting element is insulated from the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery. This structure allows the liquid cooling plate to exchange heat with both the positive and negative polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, this structure is simple and easy to install.

[0020] 4. In the energy storage device, a partition is arranged in the liquid cooling plate to divide the liquid cooling channel into a U-shaped liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel in communication with the liquid inlet communicates heat with the positive terminal of the large capacity battery, and the liquid cooling channel in communication with the liquid outlet communicates heat with the negative terminal of the large capacity battery. When the large capacity battery is working, the temperature of the positive terminal is higher than that of the negative terminal. This arrangement makes the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate first exchange heat with the positive terminal with higher temperature, and then exchange heat with the negative terminal, so that the temperature of the positive terminal and the negative terminal is relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large capacity battery during operation.

[0021] 5. In the energy storage device, an insulating sealing layer is arranged on the top plate of the large capacity battery shell. When condensation occurs on the surface of the liquid cooling plate, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole under the blockage of the insulating sealing layer, thereby preventing the short circuit of the large capacity battery. In addition, the large capacity battery uses an insulating protective cover to provide insulation protection for the polarity terminal and the liquid cooling plate, avoiding the safety hazards that may exist when the polarity terminal is exposed during the operation of the large capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem that some foreign matters in the external environment fall into the position of the polarity terminal to cause short circuit of the large capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large capacity battery.

[0022] 6. In the large capacity battery, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte sharing chamber and a gas sharing chamber; the electrolyte sharing chamber and the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery in the shell are connected, so that the electrolytes of each single battery are shared to ensure the consistency of each single battery, thereby improving the cycle life of the large capacity battery to a certain extent. The gas sharing chamber and the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery in the shell are connected, so that the gases of each single battery are balanced, thereby improving the consistency between each single battery to a certain extent, and improving the cycle life of the large capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0023] 7. In the energy storage device, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are made of multiple levels of pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly is distributed step by step and evenly distributed to each large capacity battery, and the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed to each large capacity battery is balanced, so that each large capacity battery in the battery cluster has good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of each large capacity battery.

[0024] 8. In the energy storage device, the liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly are made of multiple levels of pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit is distributed step by step and evenly distributed to each battery cluster, and the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed to each battery cluster is balanced, so that each battery cluster and each large capacity battery in the battery cluster has good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0025] 9. The energy storage device of the present application, at least part of the pipe of the liquid supply pipe assembly, the liquid outlet pipe assembly, the liquid inlet pipe assembly, the liquid return pipe assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the heat transfer medium and reduce energy consumption, and can also avoid the condensation phenomenon on the pipe wall of each pipe. At the same time, the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are spliced into multiple sections, which reduces the error and assembly difficulty when connecting the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe. At the same time, when maintaining the spliced pipe, only the pipe connector of the related large capacity battery needs to be removed for maintenance, without the need to remove the entire temperature control pipe assembly, and the installation and maintenance are very convenient.

[0026] 10. The energy storage device of the present application, the primary shunt pipe is provided with a water supplement joint for supplementing the heat transfer medium for the temperature control system, and the primary flow pipe is provided with an exhaust valve for discharging air in the temperature control system. The water supplement joint and the exhaust valve cooperate to work to efficiently control the temperature of each large capacity battery in the temperature control system, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0027] 11. The energy storage device of the present application, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine are provided with a blocking joint, which can prevent the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine from flowing out during maintenance of the temperature control machine, without the need for corresponding liquid discharge operation, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the energy storage device in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the energy storage device in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 The exploded view of the large capacity battery in Example 1

[0031] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the large capacity battery in Example 1

[0032] Figure 5 The installation schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate and the large capacity battery in Example 1

[0033] Figure 6 The exploded schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate and the large capacity battery in Example 1

[0034] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Example 1

[0035] Figure 8 The exploded view of the liquid cooling plate in Example 1

[0036] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid cooling plate in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of two liquid cooling plates connected in parallel in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of two liquid cooling plates connected in series in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate (with avoidance groove) in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the installation of the liquid cooling plate with avoidance groove and the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the large-capacity battery and the heat transport unit in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blocking connector in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the installation of the liquid cooling plate and the large-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0045] Figure 18 This is an exploded view of the large-capacity battery and liquid cooling plate in Example 2;

[0046] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 20 This is an exploded view of the liquid cooling plate in Example 2;

[0048] Figure 21 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid cooling plate (with a partition) in Example 2;

[0049] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate (with avoidance groove) in Example 2;

[0050] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-capacity battery (housing with ribs) and the liquid cooling plate in Example 3;

[0051] Figure 24 Exploded view of the large-capacity battery (housing with ribs) and the liquid cooling plate in Example 3;

[0052] Figure 25Structure diagram of the large capacity battery (with insulation protective cover) in Example 3;

[0053] Figure 26 Structure diagram of the heat delivery unit and the heat treatment unit in Example 4;

[0054] Figure 27 Structure diagram of the liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly in Example 4;

[0055] Figure 28 Installation diagram of the liquid cooling plate and the large capacity battery in Example 5;

[0056] Figure 29 Exploded view of the liquid cooling plate and the large capacity battery in Example 5.

[0057] Fig. 1-large capacity battery, 2-heat exchange unit, 3-heat delivery unit, 4-heat treatment unit, 5- energy storage box, 11-outer shell, 12-single battery, 13-polarity terminal, 14-explosion relief mechanism, 15-insulation protective cover, 16-first electrical connector, 17-second electrical connector, 111- electrolyte sharing chamber, 112-gas sharing chamber, 113-flange, 131-positive polarity terminal, 132-negative polarity terminal, 21-liquid cooling plate, 22-heat conduction piece, 23-avoidance groove, 24-connection pipe, 211-liquid cooling channel, 212-liquid inlet, 213-liquid outlet, 214-through hole, 215-baffle, 221-heat conduction hole, 222-annular flange, 31-liquid inlet pipeline assembly, 32-liquid return pipeline assembly, 33-liquid supply pipeline assembly, 34-liquid outlet pipeline assembly, 35-hose, 36-quick connector, 311-first stage liquid inlet pipe, 312-second stage liquid inlet pipe, 313-third stage liquid inlet pipe, 321-first stage liquid outlet pipe, 322-second stage liquid outlet pipe, 323-third stage liquid outlet pipe, 331-first stage shunt pipe, 332-second stage shunt pipe, 333-third stage shunt pipe, 341-first stage confluence pipe, 342-second stage confluence pipe, 343-third stage confluence pipe, 41-temperature control machine, 42-block joint, 421-joint end pipe, 422-regulating valve, 423-welding chuck, 51-battery compartment, 52-equipment compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, etc." are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] The present application provides a kind of energy storage equipment, the energy storage equipment includes at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster includes at least one large capacity battery, to improve the reliability of large capacity battery when working, the energy storage equipment is provided with temperature control system, temperature control system controls the temperature of large capacity battery when working, to avoid the security risk of large capacity battery, improve the use safety of large capacity battery.The temperature control system includes heat exchange unit, heat transport unit and heat treatment unit;Each heat exchange unit is used to realize heat exchange with each large capacity battery;Heat transport unit is used to realize the delivery of heat transfer medium between heat exchange unit and heat treatment unit;Heat treatment unit is used to heat or cool the heat transfer medium transported by heat transport unit.

[0061] The heat exchange unit in the present application includes at least one liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat-conducting pieces arranged on the liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is mainly arranged on the top of the large capacity battery, and is sleeved on the polarity terminal of the large capacity battery.In the process of normal use of large capacity battery, the liquid cooling plate and the multiple regions of the large capacity battery effectively exchange heat, so that the temperature at different positions of the entire large capacity battery is effectively controlled, and the performance problems and safety problems caused by the excessive high or low temperature of the large capacity battery are avoided, and the performance and reliability of the large capacity battery are improved.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The energy storage equipment provided by the present embodiment includes a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster includes at least one large capacity battery 1;The number of large capacity batteries 1 in the battery cluster is set according to the demand of the energy storage equipment, and a plurality of large capacity batteries 1 are connected in series and parallel to meet the charging and discharging demand.In order to improve the energy density, the above-mentioned large capacity batteries 1 can be arranged in the following way: a plurality of large capacity batteries 1 are arranged in the horizontal direction in sequence to form a large capacity battery unit, and then a plurality of large capacity battery units are arranged in the vertical direction in sequence to form a battery cluster.If the energy storage equipment includes a plurality of battery clusters, the plurality of battery clusters can be arranged in a matrix form.The temperature control system is mainly used to control the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 in each battery cluster when working, so that each large capacity battery 1 works in a suitable temperature range, and the thermal runaway of the large capacity battery 1 is avoided as much as possible to produce security risks.

[0064] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the large-capacity battery 1 in the embodiment includes a shell 11 and a plurality of single batteries 12 arranged in the same direction in the shell 11. The single battery 12 in the embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. The above-mentioned shell usually adopts a rectangular shell. In order to facilitate description, the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the shell is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the shell is defined as the z direction.

[0065] As shown in Figure 3 , after the plurality of single batteries 12 are arranged in the same direction in the shell 11, the top plate of the shell 11 is provided with a plurality of avoiding holes corresponding to the polarity terminals 13 of the single batteries 12. The polarity terminals 13 of each single battery 12 extend out of the corresponding avoiding hole as the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 1 (the polarity terminals 13 of all single batteries 12 on one side as the positive polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polarity terminals 13 of all single batteries 12 on the other side as the negative polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 1). The area of the top plate of the shell 11 corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 12, so that the gap between the polarity terminal 13 and the avoiding hole is sealed. Usually, a sealing connector can be used to realize the fixed sealing between the area of the top plate of the shell 11 and the shell of the single battery 12. The sealing connector can include a hollow member (similar to a hollow pipe), which is sleeved outside the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12. The bottom of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the area of the single battery 12 around the top plate polarity terminal 13, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the area of the top plate of the shell 11 corresponding to the avoiding hole. The sealing connection can be realized by welding.

[0066] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 here can be the pole of the single battery 12. If the pole of the single battery 12 as the polarity terminal 13 cannot smoothly extend out of the avoiding hole, a pole adapter can also be connected to the pole of the single battery 12, and the whole structure of the pole of the single battery 12 and the pole adapter matched together can be used as the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12.

[0067] The above-mentioned shell 11 is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is in communication with the inner cavities of all single batteries 12. By placing a plurality of single batteries 12 in a shell 11 with a shared chamber and utilizing the shared chamber and the inner cavities of the single batteries 12 in the shell 11, the differences between the single batteries 12 are reduced, and the consistency between the single batteries 12 is improved to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent. The shared chamber specifically includes the following:

[0068] The shared chamber in the shell 11 can be an electrolyte shared chamber 111. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is in communication with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 111, each single battery 12 is in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single battery 12 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is an electrolyte containing cavity. After the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is in communication with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte in the entire large-capacity battery 1 does not come into contact with the external environment.

[0069] The shared chamber in the shell 11 can be a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is in communication with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12. Through the gas shared chamber 112, the gas balance of each single battery 12 is achieved, which can improve the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. In this structure, the upper cover plate of the single battery 12 is provided with a gas port penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery 12. At this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is in communication with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12 through the gas port. Based on the gas shared chamber 112, the gas areas of each single battery 12 are in communication, achieving gas balance.

[0070] The shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber. The inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is in communication with the electrolyte area and the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12. Through one gas-liquid shared chamber, each single battery 12 is in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, which improves the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. When specifically arranged, a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single batteries 12 is arranged on the side plate of the shell 11. The gas-liquid shared chamber is formed at the protrusion position, and the gas-liquid shared chamber is in communication with the electrolyte area and the gas area of each single battery 12.

[0071] The shared chamber can also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is in communication with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12. The inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is in communication with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12. The large-capacity battery 1 places a plurality of single batteries 12 inside a shell 11 with a shared chamber. By using the shared chamber and the penetration of the inner cavity of each single battery 12 in the shell 11, the electrolyte and gas of each single battery 12 are shared to ensure the consistency of each single battery 12. That is, the electrolyte and gas of each single battery 12 are in communication, and the electrolyte and gas of all single batteries 12 are in the same system, reducing the difference between each single battery 12 and improving the consistency between each single battery 12 to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent.

[0072] The above shared chamber can also simultaneously include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 and the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of all single batteries 12 are in communication, and the gas shared chamber 112 is a gas passage between the top plate of the shell 11 and each single battery 12, which covers the explosion relief membrane on the top of each single battery 12, and when the explosion relief membrane of any single battery 12 is broken by the inner cavity thermal runaway smoke, the gas area in the inner cavity of the single battery 12 and the inner cavity of the gas chamber are in communication. The gas shared chamber 112 is used as a relief passage, that is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the inner cavities of each single battery 12 are not in communication with the relief passage, and when thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 12, the explosion relief membrane on the top of the single battery 12 is opened by the inner cavity smoke, the inner cavity of the single battery 12 and the relief passage are in communication, and the thermal runaway smoke is discharged through the relief passage, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0073] At this time, the shell 11 provided with the gas shared chamber 112 and the electrolyte shared chamber 111 can specifically adopt the following structure:

[0074] 1) The shell 11 includes an outer cylinder, an upper cover, and a lower cover; the top and bottom of the outer cylinder are both open, the upper cover is sealingly fixed (welded) to the top of the outer cylinder, the upper cover is provided with a relief hole capable of allowing the pole of each single battery 12 to protrude, the lower cover is sealingly fixed (welded) to the bottom of the outer cylinder, and at the same time, the upper cover is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single batteries 12, and the gas shared chamber 112 is formed at the protrusion position, and the lower cover is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single batteries 12, and the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is formed at the protrusion position;

[0075] 2) The shell 11 includes a U-shaped shell, a first cover plate, a third cover plate, and a second cover plate; the first cover plate and the third cover plate cover the two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell, respectively; the second cover plate covers the open end of the top of the U-shaped shell and is sealingly connected with the open end, and the second cover plate is provided with a relief hole capable of allowing the pole of each single battery 12 to protrude, and at the same time, the second cover plate is provided with a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single batteries 12, and the gas shared chamber 112 is formed at the protrusion position, and the bottom of the U-shaped shell is provided with the electrolyte shared chamber 111, which is a liquid passage arranged between the bottom plate of the shell 11 and each single battery 12;

[0076] 3) The outer shell 11 includes an outer cylinder, a front cover, and a rear cover. The front and rear of the outer cylinder are open. The front cover is sealed (welded) to the front of the outer cylinder, and the rear cover is sealed (welded) to the rear of the outer cylinder. A clearance hole is defined at the top of the outer cylinder to allow the terminals of each cell 12 to extend. A protrusion is provided on the top of the outer cylinder, extending along the arrangement of the cells 12. A gas sharing chamber 112 is formed at the protrusion. A shared electrolyte chamber 111 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder. The electrolyte sharing chamber 111 serves as a liquid channel between the bottom plate of the outer cylinder and the bottom of each cell 12.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to further improve the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use, an explosion relief mechanism 14 is provided on the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1, which is connected to the inner cavity of the outer shell 11. The explosion relief mechanism 14 specifically includes an explosion relief pipe and an explosion relief part. One end of the explosion relief pipe is connected to the explosion relief port of the large-capacity battery 1, and the other end is connected to the flue gas pipeline. The explosion relief part is provided on the explosion relief pipe or on the explosion relief port of the large-capacity battery 1. Among them, the explosion relief part can specifically be an explosion relief membrane or an explosion relief valve. The explosion relief mechanism 14 can ensure that when thermal runaway occurs in the large-capacity battery 1, the thermal runaway flue gas inside it can be discharged smoothly, thereby avoiding safety hazards such as explosion inside the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1. When specifically connected, at least one of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 and the gas shared chamber 112 is connected to the explosion relief mechanism 14. When the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112 are both connected to the explosion relief mechanism 14, two groups of explosion relief mechanisms 14 are provided on the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the two groups of explosion relief mechanisms 14 are respectively connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 and the gas sharing chamber 112. This arrangement enables the large-capacity battery 1 to have two explosion relief channels. When any single cell 12 has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke is discharged from different explosion relief channels, which can reduce the heat and thermal runaway smoke accumulated in the explosion relief channel and the single cell 12 in a short time, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to improve the safety of the large-capacity battery 1, the energy storage device is equipped with a temperature control system that controls the operating temperature of the large-capacity battery 1. The temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit 3, and a heat treatment unit 4. The number of heat exchange units 2 is the same as the number of large-capacity batteries 1, and each heat exchange unit 2 corresponds to a large-capacity battery 1. The heat exchange unit 2 is arranged on the large-capacity battery 1 to exchange heat with the large-capacity battery 1. The heat transfer unit 3 is used to transfer the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit 2 and the heat treatment unit 4. The heat treatment unit 4 is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit 3.

[0079] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature control system is specifically installed, the energy storage device is divided into battery compartment 51 and device compartment 52, each large capacity battery 1 and heat exchange unit 2, heat transfer unit 3 is installed in the battery compartment 51, and the heat treatment unit 4 is arranged in the device compartment 52. This installation method not only makes the installation and maintenance of large capacity battery 1 and temperature control system more convenient, but also facilitates the arrangement and installation of each device in the energy storage device, improves the space utilization of the energy storage box 5, facilitates the integration of the energy storage device, and further improves the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0080] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 The heat exchange unit 2 in the embodiment is mainly used for heat exchange with each large capacity battery 1. The heat exchange unit 2 includes a liquid cooling plate 21 installed on the top of the large capacity battery 1 to control the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 during normal operation, so that the large capacity battery 1 works in the appropriate temperature range. The liquid cooling plate 21 is connected with the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transfer unit 3 to control the temperature of the large capacity battery 1.

[0081] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The heat exchange unit 2 in the embodiment includes two liquid cooling plates 21 and a plurality of heat conductive members 22. The liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with a liquid cooling channel 211 through which a heat transfer medium passes, and is provided with a liquid inlet 212 and a liquid outlet 213 in communication with the liquid cooling channel 211. The heat transfer medium enters the liquid cooling channel 211 through the liquid inlet 212, exchanges heat with the large capacity battery 1, and then flows out through the liquid outlet 213. When the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 is higher than the set threshold, the heat transfer medium with lower temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling channel 211 of the liquid cooling plate 21 to exchange heat with the large capacity battery 1 and cool the large capacity battery 1. When the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, the heat transfer medium with higher temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling plate 21 to heat the large capacity battery 1. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large capacity battery 1 can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0082] After installing the liquid cooling plate 21 on the top of the large capacity battery 1, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21 is in contact with the top plate of the large capacity battery 1 shell 11 for heat exchange, and the heat conductive member 22 of the liquid cooling plate 21 exchanges heat with the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1. This heat exchange method effectively controls the temperature at different positions of the entire large capacity battery 1, avoids performance problems and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperature of the large capacity battery 1, and improves the performance and safety of the large capacity battery 1.

[0083] The liquid cooling plate 21 in the embodiment is a rectangular plate, the length of which is consistent with the length of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1. The rectangular plate is provided with through holes 214 arranged in sequence along the x direction and penetrating the liquid cooling plate 21 in the z direction. Here, the through holes 214 refer to the through holes 214 penetrating the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0084] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 , the through holes 214 on the liquid cooling plate 21 are a group, and the group of through holes 214 are arranged in sequence along the x direction, and the number of the through holes 214 is the same as the number of the single batteries 12 in the large capacity battery 1. The heat conduction pieces 22 corresponding to the number of the single batteries 12 are embedded into the through holes 214, and the heat conduction pieces 22 seal the through holes 214, so that the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel 211 cannot flow out through the through holes 214. The distance between the adjacent heat conduction pieces 22 is consistent with the distance between the adjacent polarity terminals 13 in the large capacity battery 1.

[0085] At the same time, the heat conduction pieces 22 on the liquid cooling plate 21 can also provide a certain flow effect when the heat transfer medium passes through the liquid cooling channel 211, so that the heat transfer medium can fully exchange heat with the polarity terminals 13 and the top of the large capacity battery 1, and then the cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0086] As shown in Figure 8 , the heat conduction piece 22 in the embodiment is a column structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the heat conduction piece 22 is the same as the shape of the through hole 214. At the same time, the length of the heat conduction piece 22 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21. If the length of the heat conduction piece 22 (i.e. the length of the heat conduction piece 22 in the z direction) is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21, the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22 needs to be in the same plane as the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, so that the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 can contact the top plate of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1 to exchange heat. If the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22 protrudes from the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, there is a gap between the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 and the top plate of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1, which affects the heat exchange effect of the liquid cooling plate 21 and the top plate of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1. Preferably, the length of the heat conduction piece 22 is the same as the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21, and at this time, the top end of the heat conduction piece 22 is in the same plane as the top plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22 is in the same plane as the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, which is convenient for the installation of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0087] Each heat conduction piece 22 is provided with a heat conduction hole 221 through which the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 passes. The size of the heat conduction hole 221 is equal to or slightly larger than the size of the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1, so that the polarity terminal 13 can pass through the heat conduction hole 221. After the heat conduction hole 221 is formed on the heat conduction piece 22, the heat conduction piece 22 is a hollow thin-walled structure. The thinner the wall thickness of the thin-walled structure, the better the heat exchange effect with the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1.

[0088] In addition, the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21 and the length of the heat conduction piece 22 need to be less than the height of the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1. After the liquid cooling plate 21 is sleeved on the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1, the top end of the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 can protrude out of the heat conduction piece 22, so that the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 can realize electrical connection.

[0089] In the processing, the heat conduction piece 22 can be integrally processed with the liquid cooling plate 21. At this time, the heat conduction piece 22 is made of the same material as the liquid cooling plate 21. The heat conduction piece 22 can also be separately made with the liquid cooling plate 21. Then, the heat conduction piece 22 is embedded into the through hole 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21. After the heat conduction piece 22 is embedded into the through hole 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21, the top end of the heat conduction piece 22 can be sealingly connected with the area around the through hole 214 of the top plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22 can be sealingly connected with the area around the through hole 214 of the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0090] As shown in Figure 9 In order to ensure the reliability and sealing of the connection between the heat conduction piece 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21, a circumferentially protruding annular folded edge 222 can be arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22. After the heat conduction piece 22 passes through the through hole 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21, the annular folded edge 222 at the top of the heat conduction piece 22 is sealingly connected with the top plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the annular folded edge 222 at the bottom of the heat conduction piece 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21. The sealing connection can be achieved by welding. Further, a counterbore can be processed at the position of the through hole 214 of the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21. At this time, the annular folded edge 222 of the heat conduction piece 22 cooperates with the counterbore of the liquid cooling plate 21 to achieve fixed connection.

[0091] In this embodiment, a plurality of heat conduction pieces 22 arranged in sequence along the x direction are arranged on the liquid cooling plate 21. The liquid cooling plate 21 is sleeved on the polarity terminal 13 on one side of the large capacity battery 1. Two liquid cooling plates 21 are arranged on each large capacity battery 1 for temperature control. The liquid cooling plate 21 can control the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 in the following manner:

[0092] Parallel connection: as shown in Figure 10 The two liquid cooling plates 21 respectively have an inlet 212 and an outlet 213. The inlets 212 and the outlets 213 of the two liquid cooling plates 21 are respectively connected with external pipelines. At this time, the two liquid cooling plates 21 on the large capacity battery 1 are connected in parallel.

[0093] Series connection: as shown in Figure 11As shown, two independent liquid cooling plates 21 are arranged on each large capacity battery 1, the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the two liquid cooling plates 21 are connected through the connecting pipe 24, after connection, the liquid inlet 212 of one of the liquid cooling plates 21 is connected with the external pipeline, the liquid outlet 213 of the other liquid cooling plate 21 is connected with the external pipeline, at this time, the two liquid cooling plates 21 on the large capacity battery 1 are connected in series.

[0094] When the large capacity battery 1 works, the temperature of the positive polarity terminal 131 is higher than that of the negative polarity terminal 132, when the two liquid cooling plates 21 are connected in series, one of the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 is connected with the external pipeline, at this time, the liquid cooling channel 211 in communication with the liquid inlet 212 exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 of the large capacity battery 1, the liquid cooling channel 211 in communication with the liquid outlet 213 exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 of the large capacity battery 1, when the two liquid cooling plates 21 exchange heat with the large capacity battery 1, the heat transfer medium first exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 with higher temperature, and then exchanges heat with the negative polarity terminal 132, so that the temperature of the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 is relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large capacity battery 1 when working.

[0095] When the two liquid cooling plates 21 are installed on the top of the large capacity battery 1, they exchange heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 of the large capacity battery 1 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large capacity battery 1, in order to ensure the safety of the large capacity battery 1 when working, the liquid cooling plate 21 and the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 are insulated, which can be realized by the following ways:

[0096] First, the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large capacity battery 1 are insulated;

[0097] The polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 is insulated, specifically, an insulation layer is arranged on the part of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 in contact with the heat conducting piece 22, the insulation layer can be a ceramic coating such as boron nitride or aluminum oxide, copper fluoride coating, or an insulation paint layer formed by coating, or a hard oxide layer formed after oxidation, or an enamel insulation layer, etc., specifically, the insulation layer is formed on the side wall of the polarity terminal 13;

[0098] Second, an insulation sleeve is additionally arranged between the heat conducting piece 22 and the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large capacity battery 1;

[0099] An insulation sleeve is arranged between the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 and the heat conducting piece 22, for example, the insulation sleeve is an insulation plastic sleeve, an insulation rubber sleeve, or a heat conducting ceramic sleeve, etc.

[0100] Third, the heat conducting piece 22 is insulated.

[0101] If the heat-conducting member 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21 are separately processed and then assembled, the heat-conducting member 22 can be made of insulating material, for example, made of insulating rubber. If the heat-conducting member 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21 are integrally processed and formed, an insulating layer can be arranged on the inner wall of the heat-conducting member 22 to ensure the insulation between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the large-capacity battery 1 during use. The insulating layer can be a ceramic coating (boron nitride or aluminum oxide, copper fluoride coating), insulating paint, enamel insulating layer, or hard oxide layer, etc.

[0102] Optimally, while the heat-conducting member 22 is being insulated, an insulating sleeve can also be added between the heat-conducting member 22 and the positive and negative polarity terminals 131 and 132. This double insulation arrangement can improve the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use and avoid safety problems caused by the destruction of one of the insulations.

[0103] Fourth, the liquid cooling plate 21 is insulated;

[0104] The liquid cooling plate 21 is made of insulating material, or the inner and outer surfaces of the entire liquid cooling plate 21 are coated with an insulating layer. At the same time, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 is an insulating liquid.

[0105] In addition, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 When the above-mentioned liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged on the large-capacity battery 1, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21 is also provided with an avoiding groove 23 which avoids the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1. The avoiding groove 23 is a notch groove arranged on one side of the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21. When two liquid cooling plates 21 with avoiding grooves 23 are installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, the avoiding grooves 23 of the two liquid cooling plates 21 are adjacent to form a groove, and at this time, the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1 is embedded into the groove. The avoiding groove 23 makes the bottom of the two liquid cooling plates 21 cover the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1. During normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the liquid cooling plate 21 not only processes the heat at the top plate of the large-capacity battery 1 and the polarity terminals 13, but also exchanges heat with the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1, improving the heat exchange effect.

[0106] The above-mentioned liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged on the top plate of the shell 11, and the polarity terminals 13 of each single battery 12 extend out of the avoiding hole and pass through the heat-conducting hole 221 of the heat-conducting member 22. The end face of each single battery 12 polarity terminal 13 extends out of the liquid cooling plate 21 and is used to be connected with the first electric connecting piece 16 or the second electric connecting piece 17. The electric connecting piece is a connecting device for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 12, and the second electric connecting piece 17 is a connecting device for realizing the series connection of two large-capacity batteries 1, which can also be a connecting device for connecting the large-capacity battery 1 with an external load.

[0107] After the liquid cooling plate 21 is installed on the top of the shell 11, since the liquid cooling plate 21 is sleeved on the polar terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1, it has been positioned and installed in the x direction and the y direction, and it can be fixed in the z direction by the following ways: first, a plurality of mounting plates are welded on the liquid cooling plate 21, and the mounting plates are fixed on the shell 11 by bolts; second, a plurality of U-shaped connecting plates are arranged on the top of the liquid cooling plate 21, when connected, the U-shaped connecting plates are inverted and buckled on the liquid cooling plate 21, and the two side plates of the U-shaped connecting plates are fixed on the side walls of the shell 11 by bolts or welding; third, threaded holes are processed on the side walls of the shell 11, and threaded holes are also processed on the liquid cooling plate 21, and the liquid cooling plate 21 is fixed on the shell 11 by screws, which requires that the wall thickness of the shell 11 and the wall thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21 meet the requirements.

[0108] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 14 The liquid cooling plate 21 has a heat transfer medium, which exchanges heat with the large capacity battery 1 and is transported to the heat treatment unit 4 by the heat transport unit 3. The heat transport unit 3 includes a liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and a liquid return pipeline assembly 32; the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 mainly realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium between the heat treatment unit 4 and each battery cluster, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium in each battery cluster.

[0109] In specific work, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 transports the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit 4 to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 converges the heat transfer medium after exchanging heat with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit 4. In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 divides the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 into a plurality of large capacity batteries 1; the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 converges the heat transfer medium after exchanging heat with a plurality of large capacity batteries 1 to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the heat transfer medium forms a circulating loop through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat treatment unit 4, so as to control the temperature of the large capacity battery 1 in each battery cluster.

[0110] The pipeline arrangement of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 will be described in detail below.

[0111] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are specifically installed and manufactured according to the number and arrangement of the large capacity batteries 1 in the battery cluster. In this embodiment, a plurality of large capacity batteries 1 are arranged in the horizontal direction to form a large capacity battery unit, and then a plurality of large capacity battery units are arranged in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster, at this time, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 can be manufactured in the following ways:

[0112] AsFigure 14 and Figure 15 As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are made of multi-stage pipelines. Specifically, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 includes a first-stage liquid inlet pipeline 311, a second-stage liquid inlet pipeline 312, and a third-stage liquid inlet pipeline 313. The liquid inlet port 212 of the first-stage liquid inlet pipeline 311 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33. The second-stage liquid inlet pipelines 312 are connected to the first-stage liquid inlet pipeline 311, and each second-stage liquid inlet pipeline 312 provides heat transfer medium to each large-capacity battery unit. In other words, the second-stage liquid inlet pipelines 312 divide the heat transfer medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipeline 311 into multiple portions, and each portion is provided to a large-capacity battery unit. The third-stage liquid inlet pipelines 313 are connected to the second-stage liquid inlet pipelines 312 and the liquid inlet ports 212 of the liquid cooling plates 21 of the large-capacity batteries 1. Each third-stage liquid inlet pipeline 313 provides heat transfer medium to a large-capacity battery 1. In other words, the third-stage liquid inlet pipelines 313 divide the heat transfer medium in the second-stage liquid inlet pipelines 312 into multiple portions, and each portion is provided to a large-capacity battery 1. The liquid return pipeline assembly 32 includes a first-stage liquid outlet pipeline 321, a second-stage liquid outlet pipeline 322, and a third-stage liquid outlet pipeline 323. Each third-stage liquid outlet pipeline 323 is connected to the liquid outlet port 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 of a large-capacity battery 1, and multiple third-stage liquid outlet pipelines 323 are connected to the second-stage liquid outlet pipeline 322. The third-stage liquid outlet pipelines 323 collect the heat transfer medium from the large-capacity batteries 1 and provide the heat transfer medium to the second-stage liquid outlet pipeline 322. The second-stage liquid outlet pipelines 322 are connected to the first-stage liquid outlet pipeline 321, and the first-stage liquid outlet pipeline 321 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 3, the third-stage liquid outlet pipelines 323 and the third-stage liquid inlet pipelines 313 are flexible pipelines, which are made of metal bellows. The flexible pipelines reduce the installation error of the large-capacity batteries 1, reduce the installation requirements on site, and further improve the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly. Figure 15 The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium from the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 is divided into multiple portions and distributed to the large-capacity batteries 1 in a balanced manner. The heat transfer medium is evenly distributed to the large-capacity batteries 1, so that each large-capacity battery 1 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0114] As shown in FIG. 3, the third-stage liquid outlet pipelines 323 and the third-stage liquid inlet pipelines 313 are flexible pipelines, which are made of metal bellows. The flexible pipelines reduce the installation error of the large-capacity batteries 1, reduce the installation requirements on site, and further improve the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 3, the third-stage liquid outlet pipelines 323 and the third-stage liquid inlet pipelines 313 are flexible pipelines, which are made of metal bellows. The flexible pipelines reduce the installation error of the large-capacity batteries 1, reduce the installation requirements on site, and further improve the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly. Figure 15As shown, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be spliced by multiple sections of pipes, that is, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be spliced by multiple sections of pipes and a tee joint. This kind of spliced connection reduces the error and assembly difficulty when connecting each pipe, and is very convenient to install and disassemble. At the same time, when subsequent maintenance is needed, only the pipe connector of the related large-capacity battery 1 needs to be removed for maintenance, without the need to disassemble the entire temperature control pipe assembly, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0116] As shown in Figure 15 to further facilitate connection, the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 by using a quick plug connector 36 and a hose 35. The hose 35 reduces the installation error when connecting the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, reduces the installation requirements on site, and further increases the installation convenience of the temperature control pipe assembly. The quick plug connector 36 can realize quick installation of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, and can be directly plugged and unplugged without tools, which can improve the convenience of installation or disassembly. In addition, the quick plug connector 36 also has a bidirectional self-sealing function, which can automatically cut off the flow of liquid during plugging and unplugging of the quick plug connector 36, so that the large-capacity battery 1 and the pipe assembly do not need to be emptied of heat transfer medium during maintenance, improving the convenience of maintenance and the dismountability of the pipe, facilitating subsequent maintenance and replacement of the main pipe.

[0117] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 15 When the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are arranged in the energy storage device, the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 are located at the top of the battery cluster. This kind of arrangement occupies less installation space, so that the integration of the pipe assembly is high. The liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are located on the same side of the battery cluster, which improves the connectability of the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 and the compactness of the pipe arrangement, avoids pipe stacking and crossing, increases the inconvenience of connection, and improves the installation and layout convenience.

[0118] As shown in Figure 27 During specific installation, the primary liquid inlet pipe 311 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 are located on both sides of the large-capacity battery 1. Meanwhile, there are multiple battery clusters, and the primary liquid outlet pipes 321 of adjacent battery clusters in the same row can share one pipe. This kind of arrangement can reduce the number of pipes and also omit the tertiary confluence pipe 343 in the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, so that the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are more convenient to set.

[0119] In addition, all or part of the pipes of the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are provided with a heat preservation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the heat transfer medium, reduce energy consumption, and avoid condensation on the pipe wall of each pipe. At the same time, the diameter of each pipe gradually decreases from the heat treatment unit 4 to the large capacity battery 1, that is, the pipe diameter of the first shunt pipe 331 > the pipe diameter of the second shunt pipe 332 > the pipe diameter of the third shunt pipe 333 > the pipe diameter of the first liquid inlet pipe 311 > the pipe diameter of the second liquid inlet pipe 312 > the pipe diameter of the third liquid inlet pipe 313, the pipe diameter of the first combined pipe 341 > the pipe diameter of the second combined pipe 342 > the pipe diameter of the third combined pipe 343 > the pipe diameter of the first liquid outlet pipe 321 > the pipe diameter of the second liquid outlet pipe 322 > the pipe diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe 323. This arrangement makes the flow deviation of the heat transfer medium exchanged with each large capacity battery 1 smaller, reduces the temperature difference of the large capacity battery 1, and improves the service life of the large capacity battery 1.

[0120] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the heat treatment unit 4 in the embodiment includes a temperature control machine 41, which warms or cools the heat transfer medium (which can be water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.). The temperature control machine 41 is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, such as a cooling and heating machine or a water chiller, etc., which is used to warm or cool the heat transfer medium delivered by the heat delivery unit 3.

[0121] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the temperature control machine 41 is generally provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the temperature control machine 41 is connected with the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. At this time, in order to facilitate maintenance, the temperature control machine 41 is provided with a blocking joint 42 on the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, which can block the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 41 when the temperature control machine 41 is installed and removed.

[0122] As shown in Figure 16As shown, the above-mentioned blocking joint 42 comprises a joint end pipe 421, an adjusting valve 422 and two welding chucks 423; one end of the adjusting valve 422 is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 through the welding chuck 423, and the other end is connected with the joint end pipe 421 through the welding chuck 423, and the joint end pipe 421 is used to connect with the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the temperature control machine 41; and the adjusting valve 422 can be a butterfly valve. When the temperature control machine 41 is in normal operation, the adjusting valve 422 is in the normally open state, and the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are in the normal flow state with the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 41. When the temperature control machine 41 needs to be disassembled and repaired, the adjusting valve 422 is closed, and the blocking joint 42 blocks the inflow and outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 41, at this time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are in the disconnected state with the heat transfer medium in the temperature control machine 41, and then the temperature control machine 41 can be directly disassembled with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, without the need for corresponding liquid discharge operation, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0123] Embodiment 2

[0124] As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 , the energy storage device in this embodiment is similar to the energy storage device in Embodiment 1, except that the heat exchange unit 2 structure in this embodiment is different from the heat exchange unit 2 structure in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange unit 2 in this embodiment comprises one liquid cooling plate 21, and two groups of heat conduction pieces 22 are arranged in sequence along the x direction on the liquid cooling plate 21, so that through the one liquid cooling plate 21, heat exchange with the top of the large-capacity battery 1 can be achieved, and heat exchange with the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1 can also be achieved.

[0125] As shown in Figure 19 and Figure 20 , the length dimension of the liquid cooling plate 21 in this embodiment is consistent with the length dimension of the top plate of the large-capacity battery 1, and the width dimension is consistent with the width dimension of the top plate of the large-capacity battery 1, and two groups of through holes 214 are arranged in sequence along the x direction on the liquid cooling plate 21, the number of the through holes 214 is twice the number of the single battery 12, and the distance between the two groups of through holes 214 is the same as the distance between the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. Correspondingly, two groups of heat conduction pieces 22 are respectively arranged in the two groups of through holes 214, one group of heat conduction pieces 22 is arranged to exchange heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the other group of heat conduction pieces 22 is arranged to exchange heat with the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. The structure of the heat conduction piece 22 and the cooperation with the liquid cooling plate 21 are similar to those of Embodiment 1.

[0126] In order to improve the heat exchange effect of the heat transfer medium, as shown in Figure 21As shown, the present embodiment also has a partition 215 in the liquid cooling plate 21, which separates the liquid cooling channel 211 into a U-shaped liquid cooling channel 211. At this time, the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 21. By arranging the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 21, it is convenient to connect the external pipeline when the large-capacity battery 1 is assembled into an energy storage device, thereby improving the pipeline connectability and the compactness of the pipeline arrangement.

[0127] In addition, when the large-capacity battery 1 is working, the temperature of the positive terminal 131 is higher than that of the negative terminal 132. At this time, the liquid cooling channel 211 in communication with the liquid inlet 212 exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the liquid cooling channel 211 in communication with the liquid outlet 213 exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1. When the liquid cooling plate 21 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 1, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 first exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 with a higher temperature, and then exchanges heat with the negative terminal 132, so that the temperatures of the positive terminal 131 and the negative terminal 132 are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery 1 when working.

[0128] As shown, Figure 22 If the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1 protrudes from the top of the shell 11, an avoiding groove 23 can also be arranged at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21 to avoid the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1. The avoiding groove 23 is a strip-shaped groove extending along the x direction at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21. After installation, the liquid cooling plate 21 covers the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1. When the large-capacity battery 1 is working normally, the liquid cooling plate 21 not only processes the heat at the top plate and the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, but also exchanges heat with the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0129] After the liquid cooling plate 21 is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, it exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1 and the negative terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. In order to ensure the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 when working, the liquid cooling plate 21 and the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 need to be insulated. The specific insulation method is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0130] It should be noted that when the liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged on the top of the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 and contacts the shell 11, insulation between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the large-capacity battery 1 needs to be ensured when the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 is electrified. Usually, the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 21 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint or coating an insulating material on the surface of the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 21, or adding an insulating pad between the two.

[0131] Embodiment 3

[0132] During long-time use of the large-capacity battery 1, condensation may be generated on the surface of the large-capacity battery 1 due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling plate 21. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoiding hole, resulting in the electrical conduction between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the shell 11, and further causing the short circuit of the same single battery 12.

[0133] In this embodiment, the structure of the large-capacity battery 1 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is optimized. As shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24 , an insulating sealing adhesive layer is laid between the top plate of the shell 11 and the liquid cooling plate 21, and the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 and the avoiding hole is filled with the insulating sealing adhesive layer to overcome the above-mentioned problem. The thickness of the insulating sealing adhesive layer is small, and only needs to ensure that the condensation cannot enter the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoiding hole. The thin insulating sealing adhesive layer can ensure the heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the shell 11. The above-mentioned insulating sealing adhesive layer is generally the battery sealing adhesive commonly used in batteries, such as the silicone heat-conducting sealing adhesive, which has the functions of good sealing, insulation, anti-vibration, heat dissipation, waterproofing, etc.

[0134] In other embodiments, the insulating sealing adhesive layer can also be laid thicker. At this time, the entire liquid cooling plate 21 is covered by the insulating sealing adhesive layer, that is, the liquid cooling plate 21 is submerged in the insulating sealing adhesive layer. The insulating sealing adhesive layer is filled between the top plate of the shell 11 and the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21, the top of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the heat-conducting member 22 and the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that after laying the insulating sealing adhesive layer, the end of the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 needs to protrude out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer to realize the connection with the electrical connecting member. The liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 also need to protrude out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer. The laying mode of the insulating sealing adhesive layer enables the liquid cooling plate 21 to be fixed on the top of the shell 11, without the need to use other ways to fix the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0135] As shown in Figure 25 , on the basis of the above-mentioned structure, this embodiment further provides an insulating protective cover 15 on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminal 13 and the liquid cooling plate 21. This avoids the potential safety hazard of the exposed polarity terminal 13 during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also avoids the problem that some foreign matters in the external environment may fall into the position of the polarity terminal 13 to cause the short circuit of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0136] In addition, the insulating protective cover 15 is installed on the top of the liquid cooling plate 21, which also positions and installs the liquid cooling plate 21 in the z direction, so that the liquid cooling plate 21 can be reliably installed on the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1, realizing integrated installation.

[0137] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 15 wraps all the polar terminals 13, it will cause difficulty in electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 1, so the embodiment opens a slit on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 15, through which the electrical connector can be connected with the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby realizing electrical connection. It should be noted that the side wall of the insulating protective cover 15 also needs to be provided with a passage for the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 to extend out.

[0138] As shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24 In the embodiment, the top plate of the shell 11 is provided with a stop edge 113 extending in the x direction on both sides, and the liquid cooling plate 21 is embedded and installed inside the stop edge 113. After the installation of the liquid cooling plate 21, the stop edge 113 can position and limit the liquid cooling plate 21, and also protect the liquid cooling plate 21. In addition, the above-mentioned stop edge 113 can also be used as a glue blocking plate during glue injection, preventing the overflow problem during glue injection.

[0139] Embodiment 4

[0140] The energy storage device in the embodiment is similar in structure to the energy storage devices in embodiments 1, 2 and 3. The embodiment mainly describes the pipe arrangement of the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 in detail.

[0141] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is one, the above-mentioned liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 are both single pipes, which are respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31, the liquid return pipe assembly 32 and the heat treatment unit 4 to realize the transportation of the heat transfer medium.

[0142] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is N, N is greater than 1, and the N battery clusters are arranged in a matrix, then the above-mentioned liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 are both combinations of multiple pipes, and the corresponding pipe arrangement is made according to the arrangement of the battery clusters. The specific arrangement is as follows:

[0143] The first, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 include N liquid supply pipelines and N liquid outlet pipelines; the N liquid supply pipelines are connected with the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 31 in the N battery clusters one by one, and the other ends are connected with the heat treatment unit 4; the N liquid outlet pipelines are connected with the liquid return pipeline assemblies 32 in the N battery clusters one by one, and the other ends are connected with the heat treatment unit 4; that is, each battery cluster is connected with the heat treatment unit 4 by using independent pipelines; the pipeline setting needs more pipelines for installation and manufacturing, and the heat treatment unit 4 also needs to be provided with N liquid inlets 212 and N liquid outlets 213, so that the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 is relatively complex.

[0144] The second, as shown in Figure 26 and Figure 27 The liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 includes a first shunt pipe 331, a second shunt pipe 332 and a third shunt pipe 333; the inlet of the first shunt pipe 331 is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit 4; the second shunt pipe 332 is used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the first shunt pipe 331 to different column or different row battery clusters; the third shunt pipe 333 is used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the second shunt pipe 332 to the same column or the same row battery cluster; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 includes a first confluence pipe 341, a second confluence pipe 342 and a third confluence pipe 343; the third confluence pipe 343 is used for converging the heat transfer medium in the same column or the same row battery cluster to the second confluence pipe 342; the second shunt pipe 332 is used for converging the heat transfer medium in the different column or different row battery clusters to the first confluence pipe 341; the outlet of the first confluence pipe 341 is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit 4.

[0145] The liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are made by using multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit 4 is shunted and evenly distributed to each battery cluster in stages, and the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed to each battery cluster is balanced, so that each battery cluster and each large-capacity battery 1 in the battery cluster have good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage equipment. At the same time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are made by using multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat treatment unit 4 only needs to be provided with one liquid inlet 212 and one liquid outlet 213, and the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 is relatively simple. In addition, the whole pipeline is convenient to manufacture and install.

[0146] The first shunt pipe 331 is provided with a water supplement joint for supplementing the heat transfer medium for the temperature control system, and the first confluence pipe 341 is provided with an exhaust valve for exhausting air in the temperature control system; the water supplement joint and the exhaust valve cooperate to work, so that the temperature control system can efficiently realize temperature control of each large-capacity battery 1 and improve the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0147] After the heat transfer medium treated by the heat treatment unit 4 is branched to the plurality of battery clusters by the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are used to respectively realize the heat transfer medium transportation of each large-capacity battery 1 in the battery cluster.

[0148] Embodiment 5

[0149] As shown in Figure 28 and Figure 29 The energy storage device in the embodiment is similar to the energy storage devices in Embodiments 1 to 4, and the difference lies in the different structure of the large-capacity battery.

[0150] The large-capacity battery in the embodiment includes a plurality of single batteries 12 arranged in the same direction in sequence. The single battery 12 can be a square cell, and the number of single batteries 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The form of the single battery 12 can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0151] The heat exchange unit 2 is arranged at the top of each single battery 12, and the polar terminal 13 of each single battery 12 realizes electrical connection after passing through the heat conduction hole 221 of the heat conduction piece 22. If the heat exchange unit 2 includes two liquid cooling plates 21, each liquid cooling plate 21 corresponds to the polar terminals of the single batteries on the same side of the large-capacity battery. If the heat exchange unit 2 includes one liquid cooling plate 21, the liquid cooling plate exchanges heat with all single batteries 12 in the large-capacity battery.

[0152] It should be noted that the liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged at the top of each single battery 12, and when the shell of the single battery 12 is charged, the liquid cooling plate 21 and the shell of the single battery 12 also need to be insulated after being in contact with the shell of the single battery 12. Generally, the shell of the single battery 12 or the liquid cooling plate 21 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint on the surface of the shell of the single battery 12 or the liquid cooling plate 21 or coating an insulating material thereon, or adding an insulating pad therebetween.

[0153] After the liquid cooling plate 21 is installed at the top of each single battery, it can be fixed by the following methods: first, the L-shaped mounting plate is used for connection, wherein the horizontal plate of the L-shaped mounting plate is connected with the liquid cooling plate 21, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped mounting plate is connected with the shell of any single battery 12; second, a plurality of U-shaped connecting plates are arranged at the top of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the U-shaped connecting plates are invertedly buckled on the liquid cooling plate 21 during connection. The two side plates of the U-shaped connecting plate are fixed on the shell of any single battery by bolts or welding.

[0154] After the liquid cooling device is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, during the normal use of the large-capacity battery 1, the liquid cooling channels 211 in the liquid cooling plate 21 can form cooling for each single battery 12, reducing the possibility of dangerous high temperature of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0155] In addition, the present embodiment can also be provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber at the bottom of each single battery 12, which connects the electrolyte areas in the cavities of all single batteries 12 to achieve the effect of electrolyte sharing. The electrolyte sharing chamber can be a hollow member arranged at the bottom of each single battery 12, and a through hole is formed in the hollow member. Based on the through hole and the through hole formed after the unpacking member is separated from the lower cover plate of the single battery 12, the electrolyte sharing is realized. For specific structure of the electrolyte sharing chamber, please refer to the first hollow member in Chinese patent CN117477186A and the electrolyte sharing channel described in Chinese patent CN115275453A.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The battery pack comprises at least one large-capacity battery, and the large-capacity battery comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged in sequence along an x direction. The temperature control system comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat treatment unit. The heat exchange unit is consistent with the number of large-capacity batteries, and each heat exchange unit is arranged on each large-capacity battery one by one to realize heat exchange with the large-capacity battery. The liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes, and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the liquid cooling channel. The liquid cooling plate is provided on the large-capacity battery, and each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the avoiding hole and passes through the heat conduction hole of the heat conduction piece. The heat transfer unit is used to transfer the heat transfer medium between the heat exchange unit and the heat treatment unit. The heat exchange unit comprises two liquid cooling plates, each liquid cooling plate corresponding to the same side single battery polarity terminal in the large-capacity battery, and each liquid cooling plate being provided with a group of heat conduction pieces arranged in sequence along the x direction.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange unit comprises one liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is provided with two groups of heat conduction pieces arranged in sequence along the x direction.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid cooling plate is provided with a partition plate to divide the liquid cooling channel into a U-shaped liquid cooling channel.

4. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein, The large-capacity battery further comprises a shell, and a plurality of single batteries are arranged in the shell along the same direction.

5. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The shared chamber comprises an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber.

6. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein, The electrolyte shared chamber communicates with the electrolyte area of each single battery, and the gas shared chamber communicates with the gas area of each single battery, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel between the shell top plate and each single battery, which covers the explosion venting membrane of each single battery.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, The top plate of the shell is paved with an insulating sealing glue layer, the liquid cooling plate is embedded into the insulating sealing glue layer, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate extend out of the insulating sealing glue layer; the top of the shell is provided with an insulating protective cover, and each single battery polarity terminal and the liquid cooling plate are located in the insulating protective cover.

8. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein, The battery cluster comprises a plurality of large-capacity battery units arranged in a vertical direction, and each large-capacity battery unit comprises a plurality of large-capacity batteries arranged in a horizontal direction. The heat delivery unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used for delivering the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster; and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit. In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used for distributing the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to the plurality of large-capacity batteries; and the liquid return pipeline assembly is used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity batteries to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly. The liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe, a second-stage liquid inlet pipe and a third-stage liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet of the first-stage liquid inlet pipe is used for connecting with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the first-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity battery units; and the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the heat transfer medium in the second-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of large-capacity batteries. The liquid return pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a second-stage liquid outlet pipe and a third-stage liquid outlet pipe; the plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and are used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity batteries to the second-stage liquid outlet pipe; each second-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet pipe, and is used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity battery units to the first-stage liquid outlet pipe; and the first-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The battery cluster is in a matrix arrangement. The liquid supply pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage distribution pipe, a second-stage distribution pipe and a third-stage distribution pipe; the inlet of the first-stage distribution pipe is used for connecting with the heat treatment unit; the second-stage distribution pipe is used for distributing the heat transfer medium in the first-stage distribution pipe to different columns or different rows of battery clusters; and the third-stage distribution pipe is used for distributing the heat transfer medium in the second-stage distribution pipe to the plurality of battery clusters in the same column or the same row. The liquid outlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage converging pipe, a second-stage converging pipe and a third-stage converging pipe; the third-stage converging pipe is used for converging the heat transfer medium of the plurality of battery clusters in the same column or the same row to the second-stage converging pipe; the second-stage converging pipe is used for converging the heat transfer medium of the battery clusters in different columns or different rows to the first-stage converging pipe; and the outlet of the first-stage converging pipe is used for connecting with the heat treatment unit.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, At least part of the pipelines of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer; meanwhile, the second-stage liquid inlet pipe and the second-stage liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing a plurality of sections of pipelines; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is provided with a water supplement joint; and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is provided with an exhaust valve. The heat treatment unit comprises a temperature control machine, the liquid inlet of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the temperature control machine is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine are provided with a blocking joint.

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