Fabric and preparation process thereof
By introducing an anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer into cotton fiber fabric, and utilizing the bi-spun blending and high-temperature setting technology of shape memory polyester fiber and cotton fiber, the elasticity and stiffness problems of cotton fiber fabric are solved, achieving anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage effects and high wearing performance, while avoiding the formaldehyde exceeding the standard problem caused by chemical finishing agents.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511018629.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing cotton fiber fabrics have poor elasticity and crispness, are prone to wrinkling and shrinkage, and the use of anti-wrinkle finishing agents may cause formaldehyde levels to exceed the standard.
The structural design adopts a base layer, surface layer and anti-wrinkle and shrinkage-resistant layer. The anti-wrinkle and shrinkage-resistant layer is woven from functional yarns blended with shape memory polyester fiber and cotton fiber, and is bonded by high-temperature setting. Combined with the twisting treatment of spandex fiber and Kevlar fiber, a network frame structure is formed to control fiber movement.
It achieves wrinkle and shrinkage resistance in the fabric, avoids wrinkles and shrinkage, improves wearing comfort and performance, avoids the problem of excessive formaldehyde, and the manufacturing process is simple and efficient.
Smart Images
Figure CN120840191A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to textile fabrics, and more specifically, to a fabric and its manufacturing process. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, natural fiber fabrics have become increasingly popular. Cotton fiber, as a natural fiber, offers fabrics with excellent comfort, softness, and durability, making them popular among consumers. However, cotton fabrics have poor elasticity and drape, making them prone to wrinkles, shrinkage, and deformation, affecting their appearance. Therefore, anti-shrinkage and anti-wrinkle finishing is necessary for cotton fabrics to improve their performance.
[0003] Currently, the common method for anti-shrinkage and anti-wrinkle finishing of cotton fiber fabrics is to use anti-wrinkle finishing agents. After the fabric is treated with anti-shrinkage and anti-wrinkle finishing agents, the anti-wrinkle finishing agents will form covalent cross-links between the molecular bonds in the amorphous region of the fiber in the form of single molecules or condensation polymers. This will then have a restraining and fixing effect on the fiber molecular chains, preventing relative displacement. This reduces the amount of deformation that does not recover immediately, thereby improving the fiber's deformation recovery ability and giving the fabric better anti-shrinkage and anti-wrinkle properties. However, anti-wrinkle finishing agents are chemical products, and when applied to fabrics, they are prone to formaldehyde exceeding the standard, affecting the fabric's performance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a fabric and its preparation process, which has good wrinkle resistance and shrinkage resistance, and high wearing performance.
[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a fabric comprising a base layer and a surface layer, wherein an anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer is provided between the base layer and the surface layer, the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer being woven from a plurality of functional yarns, wherein the functional yarns include a core yarn, the core yarn being woven from shape memory polyester fiber and cotton fiber in a bi-spun blend.
[0006] The present invention is further configured such that: the outer side of the core is spirally wound with a first winding and a second winding, the first winding being made of several spandex fibers twisted together, and the second winding being made of several Kevlar fibers twisted together.
[0007] The present invention is further configured such that: the base layer is woven from a plurality of first yarns, wherein the first yarns are twisted from a plurality of viscose fibers.
[0008] The present invention is further configured such that: the surface layer is weft-woven from a plurality of second yarns, wherein the second yarns are twisted from a plurality of nylon fibers.
[0009] A fabric manufacturing process includes the following steps: 1) Slice drying: Weigh PTT fiber slices and place them in a drying tower to dry them and remove moisture from the slices; 2) Pretreatment: First, the spinneret is cleaned by a cleaning device to remove residual molten impurities. Then, the cleaned spinneret is installed on the spinneret of the screw extruder. 3) Melt spinning: The PTT fiber chips dried in step 1) are placed in a screw extruder for melt spinning. A high-pressure system is set in front of the spinning assembly to generate instantaneous pressure before the spinneret, so that the melt can be quickly depressurized and released to produce a fiber bundle. 4) Drafting and crimping: The filament bundle spun in step 3) is drafted. During drafting, the tension heat setting temperature is controlled between 80℃ and 110℃. After drafting, it is crimped by a crimping machine. 5) Relaxation and heat setting: The yarn bundles treated in step 4) are placed in an oven for relaxation and heat setting, and then cut by a cutting machine to produce shape memory polyester fibers; 6) Opening and Carding: The shape memory polyester fibers produced in step 5) are placed in the opening machine for opening treatment to form cotton laps. The cotton laps are fed into the carding machine for carding to form shape memory polyester fiber slivers. Then, the cotton fibers are fed into the carding machine for carding to form cotton slivers. The cotton slivers are placed in the drawing frame for pre-drawing, then fed into the sliver lap machine to form cotton laps. Finally, the cotton fibers are combed through the combing machine to form cotton fiber slivers. 7) Drawing and blending: The shape memory polyester fiber sliver and cotton fiber sliver produced in step 6) are fed into the drawing frame for drawing and blending to produce greige yarn; 8) Post-processing: The raw yarn produced in step 7) is placed in the roving frame and the spinning frame for roving and spinning processes, and then made into yarn cores after winding and sizing processes; 7) Twisting treatment: Spandex fiber, Kevlar fiber, viscose fiber and nylon fiber are placed in a twisting machine for twisting to make first winding, second winding, first yarn and second yarn respectively. Then the first winding and second winding are placed together with the core made in step 8) in a twisting machine for twisting to make functional yarn. 8) Fabric weaving: Place all the yarns produced in step 7) on an automatic loom for weaving. Wrap the woven fabric on a roll beam. Once a certain length is reached, lower the roll beam to weave the fabric. 9) Singeing treatment: The fabric woven in step 8) is placed in a singeing machine, so that the fabric is quickly passed through a high-temperature flame to burn off the short fibers on the surface of the fabric. 10) Fabric composite: All the fabrics are stacked together and bonded with hot melt adhesive to form a composite fabric; 11) High-temperature setting: The composite fabric made in step 10) is placed in a fabric setting machine for high-temperature setting to produce the finished fabric.
[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: the spinneret in step 2) includes an outer frame and a plate body disposed inside the outer frame, the plate body is provided with a plurality of spinneret holes, a circular baffle is disposed inside the spinneret hole, a connecting strip is disposed on the side wall of the circular baffle, and the end of the connecting strip away from the circular baffle is fixed to the inner wall of the spinneret hole.
[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the impurity removal component in step 2) includes a panel for embedding inside the outer frame, and the bottom surface of the panel is provided with a plurality of push blocks for inserting into the spinneret holes.
[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: a positioning post is provided at the center of the plate body, and a positioning sleeve for inserting the positioning post is provided at the center of the top surface of the panel.
[0013] The present invention is further configured such that a plurality of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve.
[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: both sides of the panel are provided with locking blocks, and the inner sidewall of the outer frame is provided with a locking groove for the locking blocks to be engaged.
[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention sandwiches an anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer between the base layer and the surface layer, giving the fabric better anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage capabilities, preventing the fabric from wrinkling and shrinking, making the fabric less prone to deformation after long-term use, maintaining its crispness, providing high wearing comfort, eliminating the need for finishing agents, avoiding the problem of excessive formaldehyde, and providing high performance. 2. The preparation process of this invention is simple and efficient. By blending shape memory polyester fibers and cotton fibers, and then using a high-temperature setting process to melt the surface of the shape memory polyester fibers, the movement of the cotton fibers can be controlled within a certain range, giving the fabric good shape retention and making it less prone to wrinkles and deformation, thus providing good anti-wrinkle function. After heat shrinkage, the shape memory polyester fibers will produce irregular curls and shrink inward, which will pull the fibers of the other fabric to bend and wrap around it, thereby creating a certain constraint on the other fibers, making the fabric more compact and crisp, less prone to shrinkage, effectively reducing the shrinkage rate of the fabric, and providing good anti-shrinkage function. 3. By setting a spinneret, the present invention can form hollow shape memory polyester fibers. Since the shape memory polyester fibers are hollow, they are more likely to deform under stress and can recover their original shape more quickly after the external force is removed, thereby improving the resilience of the shape memory polyester fibers and thus improving the wrinkle resistance of the fabric. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the functional yarn in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spinneret structure in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spinneret and the impurity removal component in this invention.
[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Base layer; 2. Surface layer; 3. Anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer; 4. Core wire; 5. First winding; 6. Second winding; 7. Outer frame; 8. Plate body; 9. Spinneret hole; 10. Circular baffle; 11. Connecting strip; 12. Panel; 13. Push block; 14. Positioning post; 15. Positioning sleeve; 16. Anti-slip protrusion; 17. Locking block; 18. Locking groove. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] See Figure 1 As shown, a fabric includes a base layer 1 and a top layer 2. The base layer 1 is weft-woven from several first yarns, and the first yarns are twisted from several viscose fibers. The top layer 2 is weft-woven from several second yarns. The viscose fibers have good moisture absorption, which makes the fabric have good sweat absorption and high wearing comfort. The second yarns are twisted from several nylon fibers. Nylon fibers have high abrasion resistance, which makes the top layer 2 of the fabric abrasion resistant and durable.
[0020] See Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3 is provided between the base layer 1 and the surface layer 2. The anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3 is woven from several functional yarns, including a core yarn 4. The core yarn 4 is made of shape memory polyester fiber and cotton fiber in a bi-spun blend. Because the shape memory polyester fiber has shape memory and performance memory functions, it can produce memory curl and shrinkage after being heated at high temperature, and its surface melts, which can adhere to the cotton fibers, effectively restricting the movement of the cotton fibers, thus playing a good anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage role. This ensures the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage properties of the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3. By sandwiching the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3 between the base layer 1 and the surface layer 2, the fabric has a good anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage ability, preventing wrinkles from forming on the fabric. Shrinkage prevention ensures the fabric remains sturdy and comfortable even after long-term use, eliminating the need for finishing agents and avoiding formaldehyde exceeding standards. It also enhances wearability. The outer side of the core 4 is spirally wound with a first winding 5 and a second winding 6. The first winding 5 is made of several spandex fibers twisted together. Spandex fibers have high elasticity, giving the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3 good resilience, allowing it to quickly return to its original shape after deformation under stress, thus improving the fabric's wrinkle resistance. The second winding 6 is made of several Kevlar fibers twisted together. Kevlar fibers have high toughness and extremely strong tear resistance, giving the anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer 3 good tensile strength and improving the fabric's structural strength.
[0021] A fabric manufacturing process includes the following steps: 1) Slice drying: Weigh PTT fiber slices and place them in a drying tower to dry them and remove moisture from the slices; 2) Pretreatment: First, the spinneret is cleaned by a cleaning device to remove residual molten impurities. Then, the cleaned spinneret is installed on the spinneret of the screw extruder. 3) Melt spinning: The PTT fiber chips dried in step 1) are placed in a screw extruder for melt spinning. A high-pressure system is set in front of the spinning assembly to generate instantaneous pressure before the spinneret, so that the melt can be quickly depressurized and released to produce a fiber bundle. 4) Drafting and crimping: The filament bundle spun in step 3) is drafted. During drafting, the tension heat setting temperature is controlled between 80℃ and 110℃. After drafting, it is crimped by a crimping machine. 5) Relaxation and heat setting: The yarn bundles treated in step 4) are placed in an oven for relaxation and heat setting, and then cut by a cutting machine to produce shape memory polyester fibers; 6) Opening and Carding: The shape memory polyester fibers produced in step 5) are placed in the opening machine for opening treatment to form cotton laps. The cotton laps are fed into the carding machine for carding to form shape memory polyester fiber slivers. Then, the cotton fibers are fed into the carding machine for carding to form cotton slivers. The cotton slivers are placed in the drawing frame for pre-drawing, then fed into the sliver lap machine to form cotton laps. Finally, the cotton fibers are combed through the combing machine to form cotton fiber slivers. 7) Drawing and blending: The shape memory polyester fiber sliver and cotton fiber sliver produced in step 6) are fed into the drawing frame for drawing and blending to produce greige yarn; 8) Post-processing: The raw yarn produced in step 7) is placed in the roving frame and the spinning frame for roving and spinning processes, and then made into yarn core 4 after winding and sizing processes; 7) Twisting treatment: Spandex fiber, Kevlar fiber, viscose fiber and nylon fiber are placed in a twisting machine for twisting to make first winding 5, second winding 6, first yarn and second yarn respectively. Then, the first winding 5 and second winding 6 are placed together with the core 4 made in step 8) in a twisting machine for twisting to make functional yarn. 8) Fabric weaving: Place all the yarns produced in step 7) on an automatic loom for weaving. Wrap the woven fabric on a roll beam. Once a certain length is reached, lower the roll beam to weave the fabric. 9) Singeing treatment: The fabric woven in step 8) is placed in a singeing machine, so that the fabric is quickly passed through a high-temperature flame to burn off the short fibers on the surface of the fabric. 10) Fabric composite: All the fabrics are stacked together and bonded with hot melt adhesive to form a composite fabric; 11) High-temperature setting: The composite fabric made in step 10) is placed in a fabric setting machine for high-temperature setting to produce the finished fabric.
[0022] This invention employs a simple and efficient manufacturing process involving slicing and drying, pretreatment, melt spinning, drawing and crimping, relaxation and setting, opening and cleaning, carding, drawing and blending, post-treatment, twisting, fabric weaving, singeing, fabric lamination, and high-temperature setting. The process involves drawing and blending shape memory polyester fibers and cotton fibers, followed by a high-temperature setting step that melts the surface of the shape memory polyester fibers at 150°C, causing them to bond with the cotton fibers. During this process, the bonding points between the shape memory polyester fibers and cotton fibers exhibit an unconstrained nested structure. This allows the two fibers to interlock, forming a network framework structure through multiple bonding points. This structure controls the movement of cotton fibers within a certain range, giving the fabric good shape retention and resistance to wrinkles and deformation, thus providing excellent wrinkle resistance. Furthermore, after heat shrinkage, the memory polyester fibers will produce irregular curls and shrink inwards, pulling the other fibers to bend and wrap around them, thereby exerting a certain restraining force on the other fibers. This makes the fabric more compact and crisp, less prone to shrinkage, effectively reducing the fabric's shrinkage rate and providing excellent anti-shrinkage function.
[0023] See Figure 3-7 As shown, the spinneret includes an outer frame 7 and a plate 8 disposed inside the outer frame 7. Several spinneret holes 9 are formed on the plate 8, and circular baffles 10 are disposed inside the spinneret holes 9. Connecting strips 11 are disposed on the sidewalls of the circular baffles 10, with one end of the connecting strip 11 away from the circular baffles 10 fixed to the inner wall of the spinneret hole 9. When the molten material is ejected through the spinneret holes 9, the circular baffles 10 prevent it from being ejected, allowing it to pass only through the gap between the spinneret holes 9 and the circular baffles 10. This forms hollow shape memory polyester fibers. Because the shape memory polyester fibers are hollow, they are more prone to deformation under stress. It can recover its original shape more quickly after the external force is removed, thereby improving the resilience of shape memory polyester fiber and thus improving the wrinkle resistance of the fabric. The impurity removal part includes a panel 12 for embedding inside the outer frame 7, and several push blocks 13 for inserting into the spinneret hole 9 are provided on the bottom surface of the panel 12. When it is necessary to remove impurities from the spinneret plate, the panel 12 can be embedded inside the outer frame 7 and attached to the plate body 8, so that the push blocks 13 can be inserted into the spinneret hole 9, thereby pushing out the molten impurities adhering to the spinneret hole 9. The operation is convenient and the impurity removal effect is good, ensuring the cleanliness of the spinneret plate and thus ensuring the spinneret effect.
[0024] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, a positioning post 14 is provided at the center of the panel 8, and a positioning sleeve 15 for inserting the positioning post 14 is provided at the center of the top surface of the panel 12. When the panel 12 is embedded into the outer frame 7 and fits against the panel 8, the positioning post 14 will be inserted into the positioning sleeve 15 to achieve pre-positioning. The positioning sleeve 15 can also be used as a gripping force point, making the operation of assembling and disassembling the panel 12 more convenient and simple. Several anti-slip protrusions 16 are provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 15, which greatly increases the friction coefficient on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 15, making it less likely to slip when gripping the positioning sleeve 15. A locking block 17 is provided on both sides of the panel 12, and a slot 18 for the locking block 17 to be engaged is provided on the inner side wall of the outer frame 7. When the panel 12 is embedded into the outer frame 7 and fits against the panel 8, the locking block 17 will be engaged into the slot 18 to achieve locking, making the fit between the panel 12 and the panel 8 tighter and preventing the panel 12 from easily lifting.
[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fabric, characterized in that: It includes a base layer (1) and a surface layer (2). An anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer (3) is provided between the base layer (1) and the surface layer (2). The anti-wrinkle and anti-shrinkage layer (3) is woven from several functional yarns. The functional yarns include a core (4). The core (4) is made of shape memory polyester fiber and cotton fiber in a bi-spun blend.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the core (4) is spirally wound with a first winding (5) and a second winding (6). The first winding (5) is made of several spandex fibers twisted together, and the second winding (6) is made of several Kevlar fibers twisted together.
3. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer (1) is made of several first yarns weft-woven together, and the first yarns are made of several viscose fibers twisted together.
4. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer (2) is made of a number of second yarns weft-knitted together, the second yarns being made of a number of nylon fibers twisted together.
5. A fabric preparation process for preparing the fabric as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) Slice drying: Weigh PTT fiber slices and place them in a drying tower to dry them and remove moisture from the slices; 2) Pretreatment: First, the spinneret is cleaned by a cleaning device to remove residual molten impurities. Then, the cleaned spinneret is installed on the spinneret of the screw extruder. 3) Melt spinning: The PTT fiber chips dried in step 1) are placed in a screw extruder for melt spinning. A high-pressure system is set in front of the spinning assembly to generate instantaneous pressure before the spinneret, so that the melt can be quickly depressurized and released to produce a fiber bundle. 4) Drafting and crimping: The filament bundle spun in step 3) is drafted. During drafting, the tension heat setting temperature is controlled between 80℃ and 110℃. After drafting, it is crimped by a crimping machine. 5) Relaxation and heat setting: The yarn bundles treated in step 4) are placed in an oven for relaxation and heat setting, and then cut by a cutting machine to produce shape memory polyester fibers; 6) Opening and Carding: The shape memory polyester fibers produced in step 5) are placed in the opening machine for opening treatment to form cotton laps. The cotton laps are fed into the carding machine for carding to form shape memory polyester fiber slivers. Then, the cotton fibers are fed into the carding machine for carding to form cotton slivers. The cotton slivers are placed in the drawing frame for pre-drawing, then fed into the sliver lap machine to form cotton laps. Finally, the cotton fibers are combed through the combing machine to form cotton fiber slivers. 7) Drawing and blending: The shape memory polyester fiber sliver and cotton fiber sliver produced in step 6) are fed into the drawing frame for drawing and blending to produce greige yarn; 8) Post-processing: The raw yarn prepared in step 7) is placed in the roving frame and the spinning frame for roving and spinning processes, and then made into yarn core (4) after winding and sizing processes. 7) Twisting treatment: Spandex fiber, Kevlar fiber, viscose fiber and nylon fiber are placed in a twisting machine for twisting to make a first winding (5), a second winding (6), a first yarn and a second yarn respectively. Then, the first winding (5) and the second winding (6) are placed together with the core (4) made in step 8) in a twisting machine for twisting to make a functional yarn. 8) Fabric weaving: Place all the yarns produced in step 7) on an automatic loom for weaving. Wrap the woven fabric on a roll beam. Once a certain length is reached, lower the roll beam to weave the fabric. 9) Singeing treatment: The fabric woven in step 8) is placed in a singeing machine, so that the fabric is quickly passed through a high-temperature flame to burn off the short fibers on the surface of the fabric. 10) Fabric composite: All the fabrics are stacked together and bonded with hot melt adhesive to form a composite fabric; 11) High-temperature setting: The composite fabric made in step 10) is placed in a fabric setting machine for high-temperature setting to produce the finished fabric.
6. The fabric preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spinneret in step 2) includes an outer frame (7) and a plate (8) disposed inside the outer frame (7). The plate (8) has a plurality of spinneret holes (9). A circular baffle (10) is disposed inside the spinneret hole (9). A connecting strip (11) is disposed on the side wall of the circular baffle (10). One end of the connecting strip (11) away from the circular baffle (10) is fixed to the inner wall of the spinneret hole (9).
7. The fabric preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning component in step 2) includes a panel (12) for embedding inside the outer frame (7), and the bottom surface of the panel (12) is provided with a plurality of push blocks (13) for inserting into the spinneret hole (9).
8. The fabric preparation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning post (14) is provided at the center of the plate (8), and a positioning sleeve (15) for inserting the positioning post (14) is provided at the center of the top surface of the panel (12).
9. The fabric preparation process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve (15) has several anti-slip protrusions (16) on its side wall.
10. The fabric preparation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the panel (12) are provided with locking blocks (17), and the inner sidewall of the outer frame (7) is provided with a slot (18) for the locking blocks (17) to be inserted.