A structure for unloading hoppers and a ship unloader for unloading operations at a dock

Abstract

This invention discloses a material unloading hopper structure and unloading machine for dock unloading operations, relating to the technical field of material unloading hopper structures. It includes a mounting base with two first hinge ears and two second hinge ears fixedly mounted on its side wall. Each of the two first hinge ears is hinged to a hydraulic cylinder, and each of the two second hinge ears is hinged to a grab bucket. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders are movably connected to the two grab buckets, and the two hydraulic cylinders drive the two grab buckets to move closer together or further apart. Each grab bucket has a material-collecting assembly movably connected to its outer wall. When the two grab buckets are closed, the hydraulic cylinders drive the two material-collecting assemblies to cooperate and cover the outside of the two grab buckets. This invention effectively seals the outer bottom of the grab bucket by having the material-collecting assemblies continue to slide downwards after the grab buckets are closed, preventing material spillage and dust generation during material transfer due to incomplete grab bucket closure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unloading hopper structure technology, specifically to an unloading hopper structure and unloading machine for dock unloading operations. Background Technology

[0002] A hopper is a container used for storing and unloading bulk materials (such as granules, powders, and lumps). It typically has a specific structural design to facilitate the storage, control, and transport of materials. It is widely used in chemical, metallurgical, mining, building materials, food, and feed industries, as well as in agriculture and warehousing. However, due to the limitations of the materials being unloaded (such as granules and powders), existing grab-type hoppers sometimes fail to close completely during the material grabbing and transfer process, leading to material spillage. This not only wastes material but also causes environmental pollution from the scattered material.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese invention patent document with publication number CN116177259B has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solution disclosed in this patent document is as follows: The invention relates to a discharge hopper, and more particularly to a dustproof grab bucket type ship unloader hopper, including a discharge box, a collection box, and a grab bucket body. The top of the discharge box has a feeding window; the discharge box is set at the top of the collection box, and a sealing component is provided at the connection between the discharge box and the collection box; the grab bucket body includes a grab bucket upright, and the bottom end of the grab bucket upright is rotatably connected to two sets of cover plates through a hinged connection; the other end of the cover plate is rotatably supported by a support roller; the grab bucket body also includes a support connecting rod, one end of which abuts against the lower surface of the middle section of the cover plate; a support gear is rotatably supported on the support connecting rod, and a grab part is fixedly installed on one side of the support gear. The dustproof grab unloader bucket provided by this invention can achieve the closed nature of the material release process of the grab bucket, effectively preventing dust from overflowing, and can also prevent dust from being raised by the grab bucket itself when it moves.

[0004] As can be seen from the technical solutions proposed in the aforementioned invention patent documents, the above solutions still have obvious shortcomings. For example, when using the grab bucket in the above technical solution to grab materials, the dust removal component above the grab bucket can adsorb the dust generated above the grab bucket, but it cannot control the material scattering in the gap below the grab bucket, resulting in material waste and environmental pollution below the grab bucket. Therefore, the existing technology urgently needs a technical solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hopper structure and a ship unloader for unloading operations at a dock, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A material unloading hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock includes a mounting base. Two first hinge ears and two second hinge ears are fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting base. Each of the two first hinge ears is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder, and each of the two second hinge ears is hinged with a grab bucket. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively movably connected to the two grab buckets, and the two hydraulic cylinders drive the two grab buckets to move closer together or move further apart. Each of the two grab buckets has a material-collecting assembly movably connected to its outer wall. When the two grab buckets are closed together, the hydraulic cylinders drive the two material-collecting assemblies to cooperate and cover the outside of the two grab buckets.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the material-collecting assembly includes a sandwich arc plate slidably installed on the outside of the grab bucket, a hinge rod is hinged to the top of the sandwich arc plate, and the other end of the hinge rod away from the sandwich arc plate is hinged to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder; the outside of the grab bucket is formed with a raised track for guiding the sliding trajectory of the sandwich arc plate; both ends of the sandwich arc plate are movably connected with extension side plates, the ends of the extension side plates are formed with limiting arc edges; a plurality of first springs are placed inside the sandwich arc plate, and the two ends of the first springs respectively abut against the side wall of the limiting arc edge and the inner wall of the sandwich arc plate.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: two mounting plates are fixedly installed on the top of the grab bucket, and the side walls of the two mounting plates are provided with inclined sliding grooves and straight grooves, and the end of the inclined sliding groove is connected to the bottom of the straight groove. The same connecting rod is slidably installed in the inclined sliding grooves of the two mounting plates. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder and the end of the hinge rod are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the grab bucket to rotate downward to a horizontal state through the connecting rod, the hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting rod to slide along the inclined sliding groove, and then drives the sandwich arc plate to slide downward along the raised track through the hinge rod. The side of the grab bucket is provided with a clearance groove for avoiding the hinge rod.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: two guide blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the raised track, and a stop bar for abutting the guide blocks is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extended side plate.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a pad for limiting the rotation angle of the second hinge ear is fixedly connected to the top of the grab bucket.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a collection box for cooperating with the unloading hopper to discharge material is provided below the two grabs, the top of the collection box is provided with an elastic opening and closing component, and a dust collector is provided on both sides of the collection box.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the elastic opening and closing component includes mounting rods fixedly installed on both sides of the collection box, two transverse shafts are slidably connected to the two mounting rods, and a cover plate is rotatably connected to the outer side of each of the two transverse shafts. Wide edges are fixedly provided on both sides of the cover plate. Two brackets are fixedly installed on the top of the collection box, and the wide edges are located at the bottom of the brackets. Second springs are sleeved on both ends of the mounting rods. The two ends of the second springs respectively abut against the side wall of the collection box and the side wall of the transverse shaft. A gravity block is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cover plate away from the wide edge.

[0014] A ship unloader further includes a connector fixedly installed on the top of a mounting base, wherein a connecting arm is fixedly connected to the top of the connector, and the connecting arm is fixedly connected to the ship unloader via a steel cable.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows:

[0016] 1. The present invention forms an outer cover by the material scooping component sliding downward after the grab bucket is closed, which effectively seals the outer side of the bottom of the grab bucket and prevents material from scattering and dust from being generated during material transfer due to incomplete closure of the grab bucket.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the extended side plate of the material-collecting assembly automatically expands its volume when in contact with the material through the adaptive structure of the first spring, thereby improving its ability to receive scattered materials and reducing dust spillage.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the elastic opening and closing cover of the collection box, in conjunction with the dust collection device, automatically closes the top opening of the collection box and absorbs dust when the grab bucket unloads material, thereby reducing pollution of the working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading hopper structure in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grab bucket structure in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A bottom view;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sandwiched arc plate and the extended side plate in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the extended side plate in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material collection box in this invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate in this invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base in this invention;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the unloading hopper structure in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. First hinge ear; 3. Second hinge ear; 4. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Grab bucket; 6. Material collection assembly; 7. Sandwich arc plate; 8. Hinge rod; 9. Raised track; 10. Extended side plate; 11. Limiting arc edge; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Angled slide groove; 14. Straight groove; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Clearance groove; 17. Guide block; 18. Stop bar; 19. Pad plate; 20. Collection box; 21. Elastic opening and closing assembly; 22. Vacuum cleaner; 23. Mounting rod; 24. Lateral axis; 25. Cover plate; 26. Wide edge; 27. Bracket; 28. Second spring; 29. ​​Gravity block; 30. Connector; 31. Connecting arm. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The concepts involved in this application will first be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following descriptions of various concepts are only for the purpose of making the content of this application easier to understand and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example: Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a material unloading hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, including a mounting base 1. Two first hinge ears 2 and two second hinge ears 3 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the mounting base 1. Each of the two first hinge ears 2 is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder 4, and each of the two second hinge ears 3 is hinged with a grab bucket 5. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 4 are respectively movably connected to the two grab buckets 5, and the two hydraulic cylinders 4 drive the two grab buckets 5 to move closer to each other and close together or move further apart and open up. Each of the outer walls of the two grab buckets 5 is movably connected with a material scooping assembly 6. When the two grab buckets 5 close together, the hydraulic cylinders 4 drive the two material scooping assemblies 6 to cooperate and cover the outside of the two grab buckets 5.

[0035] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the two grab buckets 5 to rotate downwards, grab the material, and then close them. After the two grab buckets 5 close, the hydraulic cylinder 4 continues to be activated, driving the material-collecting assembly 6 to slide downwards until the two material-collecting assemblies 6 slide to the bottom outer side of the two grab buckets 5 to form a protective barrier. When the two grab buckets 5 are unable to close due to the resistance of the material while grabbing it, the material may scatter during the transfer of the grab buckets 5. At this time, the material-collecting assembly 6, which covers the outside of the grab buckets 5, collects the scattered material and prevents the material from flying away. This not only avoids material waste, but also prevents dust from being stirred up near the grab buckets 5, reducing environmental pollution near the grab buckets 5. When the grab buckets 5 are about to release the material after the transfer is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 4 retracts, recovers the material-collecting assembly 6, and releases the loose material stored in the material-collecting assembly 6 until the material-collecting assembly 6 is reset. Then, the grab buckets 5 are opened to completely release the material, thus completing a single unloading operation.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, the hopper assembly 6 includes a sandwich arc plate 7 slidably mounted on the outside of the grab bucket 5. A hinge rod 8 is hinged to the top of the sandwich arc plate 7, and the other end of the hinge rod 8 away from the sandwich arc plate 7 is hinged to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4. A raised track 9 is formed on the outside of the grab bucket 5 to guide the sliding trajectory of the sandwich arc plate 7. Both ends of the sandwich arc plate 7 are movably connected to an extension side plate 10. The end of the extension side plate 10 is formed with a limiting arc edge 11. A plurality of first springs are placed inside the sandwich arc plate 7, and the two ends of the first springs respectively abut against the side wall of the limiting arc edge 11 and the inner wall of the sandwich arc plate 7.

[0037] As a further explanation of this embodiment, the working principle of the material-collecting assembly 6 in this embodiment is as follows: the hydraulic cylinder 4 abuts against the sandwich arc plate 7 through the hinge rod 8, causing the sandwich arc plate 7 to move downward. Since the sandwich arc plate 7 is slidably connected to the raised track 9, the sandwich arc plate 7 slides downward along the raised track 9. In this embodiment, the thickness of the raised track 9 increases sequentially from top to bottom, thereby expanding the distance between the sandwich arc plate 7 and the grab bucket 5, so that there is a cavity for storing material between the extended side plate 10 and the grab bucket 5. At the same time, in order to prevent the limiting arc edge 11 from sliding arbitrarily at the end of the sandwich arc plate 7, causing the extended side plate 10 to not be completely fitted with the side wall of the grab bucket 5, A first spring is installed inside the sandwich arc plate 7, so that the two ends of the first spring abut against the side wall of the limiting arc edge 11 away from the sandwich arc plate 7 and the inner side wall of the sandwich arc plate 7, respectively. That is, the sandwich arc plate 7 and the limiting arc edge 11 form a relatively closed space, thereby ensuring that the side wall of the extension side plate 10 is always in close contact with the side wall of the grab bucket 5. When the extension side plate 10 is above the grab bucket 5, the extension side plate 10 is in close contact with the side wall of the grab bucket 5, thereby reducing the usable area of ​​the material collection assembly 6 and preventing the grab bucket 5 from becoming too bulky due to the expansion device. At the same time, the extension side plate 10 protects the outside of the grab bucket 5, reduces friction and impact damage to the outer wall of the grab bucket 5, and extends the service life of the grab bucket 5.

[0038] As a preferred solution for a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, the top of the grab bucket 5 is fixedly installed with two mounting plates 12. The side walls of the two mounting plates 12 are provided with inclined grooves 13 and straight grooves 14, and the ends of the inclined grooves 13 and the bottom of the straight grooves 14 are connected. The same connecting rod 15 is slidably installed in the inclined grooves 13 of the two mounting plates 12. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the end of the hinge rod 8 are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 15. When the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the grab bucket 5 to rotate downward to a horizontal state through the connecting rod 15, the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the connecting rod 15 to slide along the inclined grooves 13, and then drives the sandwich arc plate 7 to slide downward along the raised track 9 through the hinge rod 8. The side of the grab bucket 5 is provided with a clearance groove 16 for avoiding the hinge rod 8.

[0039] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is engaged with the straight groove 14 via the connecting rod 15 to lift the grab bucket 5 upwards. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends downwards, the gravity of the grab bucket 5 causes it to rotate downwards until it reaches a horizontal position. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 continues to extend, causing the connecting rod 15 to slide downwards from the straight groove 14 into the inclined slide groove 13 and slide along the inclined slide groove 13. The hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the connecting rod 15 to slide along the inclined slide groove 13. During the process, the hydraulic cylinder 4 applies downward pressure to the grab bucket 5 through the connecting rod 15, making the horizontal state of the grab bucket 5 more stable (that is, when the two grab buckets 5 are in the state of grabbing materials, the two hydraulic cylinders 4 press down on the two grab buckets 5, making the state of grabbing materials by the two grab buckets 5 more compact and stable). At this time, the hinge rod 8, which is hinged to the connecting rod 15, moves down with the connecting rod 15. The hinge rod 8 drives the sandwich arc plate 7 to slide down along the raised track 9, so that the sandwich arc plate 7, together with the extended side plate 10, wraps around the bottom of the grab bucket 5.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, if the two grab buckets 5 grab too much material, causing them to be unable to close, the hydraulic cylinder 4 can also press down against the top of the grab buckets 5. Furthermore, the downward sliding trajectory of the sandwiched arc plate 7 is not limited by the length of the raised track 9. Specifically, the sandwiched arc plate 7 and the raised track 9 are slidably connected in a manner similar to a hanging rail. When the bottom end of the sandwiched arc plate 7 slides beyond the length of the raised track 9 itself, as long as a portion of the sandwiched arc plate 7 is in a slidably connected state with the raised track 9, the sandwiched arc plate 7 can continue to slide forward. Therefore, when the sandwiched arc plate 7 slides along the raised track 9 to its end, and the two sandwiched arc plates 7 on both sides are not yet in contact, the sandwiched arc plate 7 continues to slide forward until the two sandwiched arc plates 7 on both sides are in contact with each other, forming a surrounding area around the bottom of the two grab buckets 5, ensuring that the material-collecting assembly 6 can collect material even when the grab buckets 5 cannot be closed.

[0041] As a further explanation of this embodiment, when the grab bucket 5 completes a single material grabbing operation and needs to be reset and released, the hydraulic cylinder 4 is controlled to retract. The hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the hinge rod 8 to slide upward. The hinge rod 8 slides upward along the inclined slide groove 13, thereby driving the entire material-collecting assembly 6 to retract upward and reset. At this time, the grab bucket 5 is still in the downward closed grabbing state until the hinge rod 8 slides along the inclined slide groove 13 into the straight groove 14. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 4, in conjunction with the hinge rod 8, drives the grab bucket 5 to rotate upward by locking the top of the straight groove 14, thereby achieving the effect of resetting the grab bucket 5 and releasing the material.

[0042] As a preferred solution for a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, two guide blocks 17 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the raised track 9, and a stop bar 18 for abutting the guide blocks 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extended side plate 10.

[0043] As a further illustration of this embodiment, in this embodiment, the guide block 17 is disposed at the end of the raised track 9. When the interlayer arc plate 7 slides along the raised track 9 to the position of the guide block 17, the stop strip 18 on the extended side plate 10 abuts against the guide block 17, causing the extended side plate 10 to move away from the interlayer arc plate 7. At this time, the limiting arc edge 11 and the inner wall of the interlayer arc plate 7 compress the first spring, so that the side wall of the extended side plate 10 is no longer in contact with the side wall of the grab bucket 5. The material leaking from both sides of the grab bucket 5 can fall along the gap between the extended side plate 10 and the grab bucket 5 to the inner bottom of the extended side plate 10, making the material-collecting space formed between the extended side plates 10 larger, which can store more material falling from the grab bucket 5. As a preferred embodiment, a dust collection device is fixedly installed on the side wall of the extended side plate 10 to absorb the dust generated when the grab bucket 5 grabs materials, thereby improving the environmental protection efficiency of this device.

[0044] As a preferred solution for a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, the top of the grab bucket 5 is fixedly connected to a pad 19 for limiting the rotation angle of the second hinge lug 3.

[0045] As a further explanation of this embodiment of the invention, in this embodiment, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends downward, the grab bucket 5 loses the upward lifting restraining force of the hydraulic cylinder 4. The grab bucket 5 rotates downward around the hinge point of the second hinge ear 3 as the center until the grab bucket 5 rotates to a horizontal state. At this point, the bottom of the second hinge ear 3 abuts against the top of the pad plate 19, preventing the grab bucket 5 from continuing to rotate downward. This avoids the grab bucket 5 from rotating excessively and thus abutting against the other grab bucket 5, preventing the two grab buckets 5 from completing the grabbing or closing action normally.

[0046] As a preferred solution for a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, a collection box 20 for cooperating with the unloading hopper is provided below the two grab buckets 5. The top of the collection box 20 is provided with an elastic opening and closing component 21, and the two sides of the collection box 20 are provided with vacuum cleaners 22.

[0047] As a preferred solution for a hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, the elastic opening and closing assembly 21 includes mounting rods 23 fixedly installed on both sides of the collection box 20. Two transverse shafts 24 are slidably connected to the two mounting rods 23. A cover plate 25 is rotatably connected to the outer side of each of the two transverse shafts 24. Wide edges 26 are fixedly provided on both sides of the cover plate 25. Two brackets 27 are fixedly installed on the top of the collection box 20, and the wide edges 26 are located at the bottom of the brackets 27. Second springs 28 are sleeved on both ends of the mounting rods 23. The two ends of the second springs 28 abut against the side wall of the collection box 20 and the side wall of the transverse shafts 24, respectively. A gravity block 29 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the cover plate 25 away from the wide edges 26.

[0048] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in this embodiment, when the two grab buckets 5 grab the material and transfer it to the top of the collection box 20, the grab buckets 5 are lowered onto the cover plate 25. The gravity of the grab buckets 5 causes the cover plate 25 to rotate downwards, and drives the transverse shaft 24 to slide axially along the mounting rod 23, thereby compressing the second spring 28. This releases the cover plate 25 from the top of the collection box 20. After the grab buckets 5 extend into the collection box 20 and release the material, the grab buckets 5 are removed from the collection box 20. The elastic force of the second spring 28 drives the transverse shaft 24 to reset. At the same time, the gravity block 29 at the bottom of the cover plate 25 drives the cover plate 25 to reset and rotate, so that the wide edge 26 of the cover plate 25 touches the bottom of the bracket 27, thereby closing the top opening of the collection box 20 and preventing dust generated when the grab buckets 5 unload the material. In addition, the collection box 20 is equipped with vacuum cleaners 22 at both ends to further enhance the dust removal efficiency of the collection box 20.

[0049] A ship unloader also includes a connector 30 fixedly installed on the top of a mounting base 1, and a connecting arm 31 fixedly connected to the top of the connector 30. The connecting arm 31 is fixedly connected to the ship unloader via a steel cable.

[0050] As a further illustration of this embodiment of the invention, in this embodiment, the unloader is a conventional crane in the prior art. By adding a steel rope, a connecting arm 31 and a connecting head 30 to the end of the crane, the crane is connected to the unloading hopper structure, thereby enabling the crane to drive the unloading hopper to perform transfer and unloading operations.

[0051] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are merely preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for implementing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as the technology or embodiments that are substantially the same as the present invention.

[0052] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hopper structure for unloading operations at a dock, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that: The mounting base (1) has two first hinge ears (2) and two second hinge ears (3) fixedly installed on its side wall. Each of the two first hinge ears (2) is hinged with a hydraulic cylinder (4), and each of the two second hinge ears (3) is hinged with a grab bucket (5). The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders (4) are movably connected to the two grab buckets (5), and the two hydraulic cylinders (4) drive the two grab buckets (5) to move closer to each other or move further apart. The outer walls of the two grab buckets (5) are movably connected with a material-collecting assembly (6). When the two grab buckets (5) are closed together, the hydraulic cylinders (4) drive the two material-collecting assemblies (6) to cooperate and cover the outside of the two grab buckets (5). The material-collecting assembly (6) includes a sandwich arc plate (7) slidably mounted on the outside of the grab bucket (5). The top of the sandwich arc plate (7) is hinged with a hinge rod (8), and the other end of the hinge rod (8) away from the sandwich arc plate (7) is hinged to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4). The outside of the grab bucket (5) is formed with a raised track (9) for guiding the sliding trajectory of the sandwich arc plate (7). Both ends of the sandwich arc plate (7) are movably connected with an extension side plate (10). The end of the extension side plate (10) is formed with a limiting arc edge (11). A plurality of first springs are placed inside the sandwich arc plate (7), and the two ends of the first springs respectively abut against the side wall of the limiting arc edge (11) and the inner wall of the sandwich arc plate (7). Two mounting plates (12) are fixedly installed on the top of the grab bucket (5). The side walls of the two mounting plates (12) are provided with inclined sliding grooves (13) and straight grooves (14). The end of the inclined sliding groove (13) and the bottom of the straight groove (14) are connected. The same connecting rod (15) is slidably installed in the inclined sliding grooves (13) of the two mounting plates (12). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4) and the end of the hinge rod (8) are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (15). When the hydraulic cylinder (4) drives the grab bucket (5) to rotate downward to a horizontal state through the connecting rod (15), the hydraulic cylinder (4) drives the connecting rod (15) to slide along the inclined sliding groove (13), and then drives the sandwich arc plate (7) to slide downward along the raised track (9) through the hinge rod (8). The side of the grab bucket (5) is provided with a clearance groove (16) for avoiding the hinge rod (8).

2. The unloading hopper structure for dock unloading operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide blocks (17) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the raised track (9), and a stop bar (18) for abutting the guide blocks (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extended side plate (10).

3. The unloading hopper structure for dock unloading operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the grab (5) is fixedly connected to a pad (19) for limiting the rotation angle of the second hinge (3).

4. The unloading hopper structure for dock unloading operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the two grabs (5) is a collection box (20) for cooperating with the unloading bucket to discharge materials. The top of the collection box (20) is provided with an elastic opening and closing component (21), and the two sides of the collection box (20) are provided with vacuum cleaners (22).

5. The unloading hopper structure for dock unloading operations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic opening and closing assembly (21) includes mounting rods (23) fixedly installed on both sides of the collection box (20). Two transverse shafts (24) are slidably connected on the two mounting rods (23). A cover plate (25) is rotatably connected to the outer side of each of the two transverse shafts (24). A wide edge (26) is fixedly provided on both sides of the cover plate (25). Two brackets (27) are fixedly installed on the top of the collection box (20), and the wide edge (26) is located at the bottom of the bracket (27). A second spring (28) is sleeved on both ends of the mounting rods (23). The two ends of the second spring (28) abut against the side wall of the collection box (20) and the side wall of the transverse shaft (24) respectively. A gravity block (29) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cover plate (25) away from the wide edge (26).

6. A ship unloader, characterized in that: The unloading hopper structure includes any one of claims 1-5, and further includes a connector (30) fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base (1), wherein a connecting arm (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the connector (30), and the connecting arm (31) is fixedly connected to the unloader by a steel rope.

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