Intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for highway tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for a highway tunnel. The system comprises an intelligent smoke exhaust control unit, a tunnel environment state sensing system and a control center. The intelligent smoke exhaust control unit comprises a smoke exhaust fan and a plurality of groups of electric smoke exhaust ports; the smoke exhaust fan, the electric smoke exhaust ports and the tunnel environment state sensing system are all in communication connection with the control center. According to the intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for the highway tunnel, the tunnel environment state is sensed through the tunnel environment state sensing system arranged in the tunnel, and the electric smoke exhaust ports with the corresponding positions and number are opened according to the position of a fire source point and fire source fire behavior information when a fire occurs; and the opening angle of each electric smoke outlet is controlled, so that the electric smoke outlets discharge smoke equivalently, and efficient smoke discharge under the fire working condition is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transportation and equipment technology, and specifically relates to an intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for highway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Smoke extraction systems for highway tunnels are widely used in tunnels with high safety requirements, such as underwater tunnels and urban tunnels. However, existing highway tunnel smoke extraction systems have the following shortcomings:

[0003] Because the motorized smoke exhaust vents are distributed longitudinally, the vents closest to the smoke exhaust fan have the highest smoke exhaust efficiency, while those furthest away have the lowest. Due to the different sources of ignition, the downstream areas with the thickest smoke layer, furthest from the smoke exhaust fan, often have the lowest smoke exhaust efficiency, thus affecting the overall smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, researching a key smoke extraction system for highway tunnels and improving the overall smoke extraction efficiency of the system is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for highway tunnels, which can effectively solve the aforementioned problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels, including an intelligent smoke exhaust control unit, a tunnel environment status sensing system, and a control center;

[0008] Two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are provided, and the two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are symmetrically arranged in the front tunnel area and the rear tunnel area of ​​the highway tunnel; each intelligent smoke exhaust control unit includes a smoke exhaust fan and multiple sets of electric smoke exhaust outlets; a smoke exhaust duct is provided on the top or side wall of the corresponding side tunnel area, the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct is connected to the outside of the tunnel, the smoke exhaust fan is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct, and multiple electric smoke exhaust outlets are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom or side of the smoke exhaust duct, gradually moving away from the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct;

[0009] The smoke exhaust fan, each of the electric smoke exhaust outlets, and the tunnel environment status sensing system are all communicatively connected to the control center.

[0010] Furthermore, the tunnel environment status perception system includes a fire event detection module and an electric smoke exhaust outlet smoke velocity measurement module.

[0011] Furthermore, the fire event detection module is used to detect fire source and fire intensity information as well as the location of the fire source.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for intelligent smoke exhaust control in highway tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Establish an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels;

[0014] Step S2: The fire event detection module detects in real time whether a fire event has occurred inside the highway tunnel; when a fire event is detected, it determines the location of the fire source and the fire intensity information.

[0015] Step S3: Based on the location of the fire source, activate the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit on the same side to intelligently control the smoke exhaust in the highway tunnel. The specific method is as follows:

[0016] Step S31: Determine the target smoke exhaust volume Q based on the current fire source and fire intensity information and the location of the fire source.

[0017] Step S32: Determine the number n of electric exhaust vents that need to be opened based on the target exhaust volume Q;

[0018] Step S33: Determine the target electric exhaust vents that need to be opened according to the electric exhaust vent opening strategy.

[0019] Step S34: Using the electric exhaust port opening calculation algorithm, based on the pressure balance and air volume balance strategy, the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port is calculated, and the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port is obtained according to the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port.

[0020] Step S35: Based on the calculated opening angle of each target electric exhaust port, control the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port to rotate it to the corresponding opening angle position.

[0021] Step S36: After a set time interval, the measured value of the exhaust wind speed of each target electric exhaust port is obtained by the exhaust wind speed measurement module.

[0022] Step S37: Calculate the actual smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port based on the measured smoke exhaust wind speed of each target electric smoke exhaust port.

[0023] Step S38: Analyze the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port, and adjust the opening angle of each target electric smoke exhaust port accordingly.

[0024] At set time intervals, it is determined whether the real-time location of the fire source and the fire intensity information have changed significantly. If so, the process returns to step S31; otherwise, it returns to step S36. This process is repeated continuously to perform intelligent smoke exhaust control in highway tunnels.

[0025] Furthermore, step S31 specifically includes:

[0026] Step S311: Using formula (1), the plume mass flow rate M is obtained. p :

[0027]

[0028] Among them: Q c Q is the convective heat release rate of the heat source. c ≈0.7M, where M is the currently detected fire source power; z l To limit the height of the flames, z is the height from the fuel surface to the bottom of the flue gas layer;

[0029] Step S312, using formula (2), the target smoke emission amount Q is obtained:

[0030] Q = M P / ρ+Q 排烟口 +Q 沿程 (2)

[0031] Where: ρ is the density of the flue gas;

[0032] Q 排烟口 Q represents the amount of fresh air mixed into the electric smoke exhaust vent. 排烟口 =Q1n1, where Q1 is the air leakage of a single electric smoke exhaust outlet;

[0033] n1 represents the number of electric smoke exhaust outlets arranged between the smoke exhaust fan on the same side and the fire source location;

[0034] Q 沿程 Q represents the amount of fresh air mixed in along the route; 沿程 =Q2L1, where Q2 is the air leakage along the exhaust duct; L1 is the length of the exhaust duct between the exhaust fan on the same side and the fire source.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S32, formula (3) is used to obtain the number n of electric exhaust vents that need to be opened:

[0036]

[0037] Where: A is the maximum effective area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; This is for rounding up.

[0038] Furthermore, step S33 specifically involves determining n target electric smoke exhaust vents to be opened around the fire source, based on a strategy that the ratio of the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened upstream of the fire source to the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened downstream of the fire source is 1:2.

[0039] Furthermore, step S34 specifically involves:

[0040] Step S341: The n target electric smoke exhaust outlets are represented as follows, in order of distance from the smoke exhaust fan from near to far: target electric smoke exhaust outlet 1, target electric smoke exhaust outlet 2, ..., target electric smoke exhaust outlet n; using formula (4), the ideal smoke exhaust volume q of each target electric smoke exhaust outlet i is calculated. i , i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0041]

[0042] Step S342, establish the pressure balance equations for each target electric exhaust port:

[0043] P1 = P2 = ...P i ... = P n (5)

[0044]

[0045] v i =q i / A i (7)

[0046] Where: P i λ represents the ideal inlet pressure of the target electric exhaust port i; i L is the friction coefficient of the smoke exhaust duct between the exhaust fan and the target electric exhaust outlet i. i Let be the distance from the target electric exhaust outlet i to the exhaust fan; D be the equivalent diameter of the exhaust duct cross-section; ρ be the flue gas density; v ... i A represents the ideal inlet velocity of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i; i Let be the effective opening area of ​​the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i, and let be the decision quantity; A is the maximum effective opening area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; δ i Let the airflow efficiency of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i be equal to the effective opening area A of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i. i Related;

[0047] Step S343: Solve the pressure balance equation of the target electric exhaust port to obtain the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i The specific method is as follows:

[0048] Let A be the effective area of ​​the innermost target electric smoke exhaust port n. n This is equal to the maximum effective area A of a single electric exhaust vent, from which we obtain the effective area A of the vent. n Corresponding airflow efficiency δ n And, according to formula (7), the ideal value of its inlet wind speed v is obtained. n According to formula (6), the ideal inlet pressure P of the target electric exhaust port n is obtained. n;

[0049] According to the pressure balance relationship in formula (5), the ideal inlet pressure values ​​of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports are obtained; for each of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports, the effective opening area of ​​each target electric smoke exhaust port is obtained by combining formula (6) and formula (7);

[0050] This yields the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i ;

[0051] Step S344, based on the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i i and airflow efficiency δ i The opening angle θ of each target electric exhaust port i is obtained. i .

[0052] Furthermore, step S37 specifically includes:

[0053] Using formula (8), the actual smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port i is calculated.

[0054]

[0055] in: The measured value of the exhaust wind speed at the target electric exhaust outlet i.

[0056] Furthermore, step S38 specifically includes:

[0057] If the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port is greater than the set threshold, the opening angle of the target electric smoke exhaust port will be adjusted accordingly.

[0058] The intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for highway tunnels provided by this invention have the following advantages:

[0059] This invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control system and method for highway tunnels. By sensing the tunnel environment through a tunnel environment state sensing system installed inside the tunnel, the system opens the corresponding number and location of electric smoke exhaust vents according to the location and intensity of the fire source when a fire occurs. The opening angle of each electric smoke exhaust vent is controlled to ensure that each electric smoke exhaust vent exhausts an equal amount of smoke, thus achieving efficient smoke exhaust under fire conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the layout principle of an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0062] See Figure 1 The present invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels, including an intelligent smoke exhaust control unit, a tunnel environment status sensing system, and a control center;

[0063] Two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are provided, and the two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are symmetrically arranged in the front tunnel area and the rear tunnel area of ​​the highway tunnel; each intelligent smoke exhaust control unit includes a smoke exhaust fan and multiple sets of electric smoke exhaust outlets; a smoke exhaust duct is provided on the top or side wall of the corresponding side tunnel area, the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct is connected to the outside of the tunnel, the smoke exhaust fan is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct, and multiple electric smoke exhaust outlets are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom or side of the smoke exhaust duct, gradually moving away from the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct;

[0064] The smoke exhaust fans, each of the electrically operated smoke exhaust vents, and the tunnel environmental status sensing system are all communicatively connected to the control center. The tunnel environmental status sensing system may include a fire event detection module and a smoke exhaust velocity measurement module for the electrically operated smoke exhaust vents. The fire event detection module is used to detect fire source and fire intensity information and the location of the fire source. For example, it can be implemented using a video event detection system, a fire alarm system, etc. Furthermore, it can be combined with temperature sensors to assist in detecting fire source and fire intensity information.

[0065] This invention uses a tunnel environment status sensing system installed inside the tunnel to sense the tunnel environment status. In the event of a fire, it intelligently opens the corresponding number and location of electric smoke exhaust vents and controls the opening degree to achieve intelligent control of the smoke exhaust air volume. The intelligent control method of this invention can effectively improve the overall smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0066] This invention also provides an intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step S1: Establish an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels;

[0068] Step S2: The fire event detection module detects in real time whether a fire event has occurred inside the highway tunnel; when a fire event is detected, it determines the location of the fire source and the fire intensity information.

[0069] Step S3: Based on the location of the fire source, activate the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit on the same side to perform intelligent smoke exhaust control on the highway tunnel;

[0070] Specifically, in arranging the intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels, the present invention symmetrically arranges two sets of intelligent smoke exhaust control units along the smoke exhaust duct of the highway tunnel. For example, one set of intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S1 is arranged from the A outlet of the smoke exhaust duct to the center position B of the smoke exhaust duct, and one set of intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S2 is arranged from the center position B of the smoke exhaust duct to the C outlet of the smoke exhaust duct. The smoke exhaust fan of the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S1 is arranged at the A outlet of the smoke exhaust duct, and the smoke exhaust fan of the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S2 is arranged at the C outlet of the smoke exhaust duct.

[0071] If the detected fire source is located in the tunnel section between the A outlet of the smoke exhaust duct and the center B of the smoke exhaust duct, the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S1 is activated to control the smoke exhaust; if the detected fire source is located in the tunnel section between the center B of the smoke exhaust duct and the C outlet of the smoke exhaust duct, the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit S2 is activated to control the smoke exhaust.

[0072] Step S31: Determine the target smoke exhaust volume Q based on the current fire source and fire intensity information and the location of the fire source.

[0073] This step is specifically as follows:

[0074] Step S311: Using formula (1), the plume mass flow rate M is obtained. p Unit: kg / s

[0075]

[0076] Among them: Q c The convective heat release rate of the heat source, expressed in kW and Q. c ≈0.7M, where M is the currently detected fire source power; z l Limiting flame height, in meters. z is the height from the fuel surface to the bottom of the flue gas layer, in meters;

[0077] Step S312: Using formula (2), the target smoke emission amount Q is obtained, in meters. 3 / s:

[0078] Q = M P / ρ+Q 排烟口 +Q 沿程 (2)

[0079] Where: ρ is the density of flue gas, kg / m³ 3 ;

[0080] Q 排烟口 The fresh air mixing rate at the electric smoke exhaust outlet is expressed in cubic meters (m³). 3 / s, Q 排烟口 =Q1n1, where Q1 is the air leakage of a single electric smoke exhaust outlet, m3 / s; n1 represents the number of electric smoke exhaust outlets arranged between the smoke exhaust fan on the same side and the fire source location;

[0081] Q 沿程 This refers to the amount of fresh air mixed in along the process, in cubic meters (m³). 3 / s,;Q 沿程 =Q2L1, where Q2 is the air leakage along the flue, in meters. 3 / sm; L1 is the length of the smoke exhaust duct from the exhaust fan on the same side to the fire source, in meters. Therefore, the target smoke exhaust volume Q of this invention considers not only the amount of smoke discharged, but also the air leakage of the equipment along the path.

[0082] Step S32: Determine the number n of electric exhaust vents that need to be opened based on the target exhaust volume Q;

[0083] Specifically, using formula (3), the number of electric exhaust vents n that need to be opened is obtained:

[0084]

[0085] Where: A is the maximum effective area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet, in m² 2 ; For floor function operation. Step S33: Determine the target electric exhaust vents to be opened according to the electric exhaust vent opening strategy;

[0086] Specifically, based on the strategy of a 1:2 ratio of the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened upstream of the fire source to the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened downstream of the fire source, n target electric smoke exhaust vents to be opened around the fire source are determined.

[0087] Step S34: Using the electric exhaust port opening calculation algorithm, based on the pressure balance and air volume balance strategy, the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port is calculated, and the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port is obtained according to the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port.

[0088] Specifically, because the motorized smoke exhaust vents are installed at certain intervals along the longitudinal direction, the air velocity of the vents closer to the smoke exhaust fan is higher, while the air velocity of the vents farther away from the fan is lower. Therefore, if all motorized smoke exhaust vents open at the same angle, the smoke exhaust volume at different locations will be different. The smoke exhaust efficiency of the vents inside the tunnel, far from the smoke exhaust fan, will be too low. Meanwhile, the tunnel interior is particularly crucial for fire areas requiring urgent smoke exhaust, meaning that the smoke exhaust volume in these fire areas will be too low, resulting in overall low smoke exhaust efficiency. Therefore, to improve the overall smoke exhaust effect, it is necessary to control the opening of the motorized smoke exhaust vents at each location and develop an intelligent control system for them: ensuring pressure and airflow balance, thereby improving overall smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0089] Step S34 is as follows:

[0090] Step S341: The n target electric smoke exhaust outlets are represented sequentially from closest to furthest from the smoke exhaust fan as: target electric smoke exhaust outlet 1, target electric smoke exhaust outlet 2, ..., target electric smoke exhaust outlet n; where target electric smoke exhaust outlet n is the target electric smoke exhaust outlet located at the innermost position of the tunnel, and target electric smoke exhaust outlet 1 is the target electric smoke exhaust outlet located near the tunnel entrance / exit. Using formula (4), the ideal smoke exhaust volume q of each target electric smoke exhaust outlet i is calculated. i , i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0091]

[0092] In other words, in order to ensure overall smoke exhaust efficiency, the ideal smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust outlets located at different positions is the same in this invention.

[0093] Step S342, establish the pressure balance equations for each target electric exhaust port:

[0094] P1 = P2 = ...P i ... = P n (5)

[0095]

[0096] v i =q i / A i (7)

[0097] Where: P i λ represents the ideal inlet pressure of the target electric exhaust port i; i L is the friction coefficient of the smoke exhaust duct between the exhaust fan and the target electric exhaust outlet i. i Let be the distance from the target electric exhaust outlet i to the exhaust fan; D be the equivalent diameter of the exhaust duct cross-section; ρ be the flue gas density; v ... i A represents the ideal inlet velocity of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i; i Let be the effective opening area of ​​the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i, and let be the decision quantity; A is the maximum effective opening area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; δ i Let the airflow efficiency of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i be equal to the effective opening area A of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i. i Related;

[0098] Step S343: Solve the pressure balance equation of the target electric exhaust port to obtain the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i The specific method is as follows:

[0099] Let A be the effective area of ​​the innermost target electric smoke exhaust port n. n This is equal to the maximum effective area A of a single electric exhaust vent, from which we obtain the effective area A of the vent. n Corresponding airflow efficiency δ n And, according to formula (7), the ideal value of its inlet wind speed v is obtained. n According to formula (6), the ideal inlet pressure P of the target electric exhaust port n is obtained. n ;

[0100] According to the pressure balance relationship in formula (5), the ideal inlet pressure values ​​of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports are obtained; for each of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports, the effective opening area of ​​each target electric smoke exhaust port is obtained by combining formula (6) and formula (7);

[0101] This yields the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i ;

[0102] Step S344, based on the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i i and airflow efficiency δ i The opening angle θ of each target electric exhaust port i is obtained. i .

[0103] Step S35: Based on the calculated opening angle of each target electric exhaust port, control the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port to rotate it to the corresponding opening angle position.

[0104] Step S36: After a set time interval, the measured value of the exhaust wind speed of each target electric exhaust port is obtained by the exhaust wind speed measurement module.

[0105] Step S37: Calculate the actual smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port based on the measured smoke exhaust wind speed of each target electric smoke exhaust port.

[0106] Specifically, formula (8) is used to calculate the actual smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port i.

[0107]

[0108] in: The measured value of the exhaust wind speed at the target electric exhaust outlet i.

[0109] Step S38: Analyze the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port, and adjust the opening angle of each target electric smoke exhaust port accordingly.

[0110] Specifically, if the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port is greater than a set threshold, for example, greater than 5%, then the opening angle of the target electric smoke exhaust port is adjusted accordingly. For example, the opening angle of the target electric smoke exhaust port with an actual smoke exhaust volume that is too small is increased by 1%. This feedback adjustment is continued until the actual smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port is close to the ideal smoke exhaust volume.

[0111] At set time intervals, it is determined whether the real-time location of the fire source and the fire intensity information have changed significantly. If so, the process returns to step S31; otherwise, it returns to step S36. This process is repeated continuously to perform intelligent smoke exhaust control in highway tunnels.

[0112] This invention provides an intelligent smoke extraction control system and method for highway tunnels. It utilizes a tunnel environment status sensing system installed within the tunnel to detect the tunnel's environmental conditions. In the event of a fire, based on the location and intensity of the fire source, it activates a corresponding number and location of electrically operated smoke extraction vents and controls the opening angle of each vent to achieve efficient smoke extraction under fire conditions. Specific advantages are as follows:

[0113] (1) The system has a high level of intelligence and realizes intelligent adjustment of the electric smoke exhaust vents according to the location of the fire;

[0114] (2) The system can achieve efficient smoke exhaust at different longitudinal spacings of electric smoke exhaust ports by adjusting the blade angle, avoiding uneven smoke exhaust at the smoke exhaust ports, and is suitable for efficient smoke exhaust under the key smoke exhaust mode of highway tunnels when the smoke diffusion is irregular.

[0115] Therefore, this invention provides a new design concept and solution for the use of key smoke exhaust systems in highway tunnels, resulting in higher system reliability.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels, characterized in that, This includes an intelligent smoke exhaust control unit, a tunnel environment status sensing system, and a control center; Two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are provided, and the two intelligent smoke exhaust control units are symmetrically arranged in the front tunnel area and the rear tunnel area of ​​the highway tunnel; each intelligent smoke exhaust control unit includes a smoke exhaust fan and multiple sets of electric smoke exhaust outlets; A smoke exhaust duct is provided at the top or side wall of the corresponding side tunnel area. The outlet of the smoke exhaust duct is connected to the outside of the tunnel. The smoke exhaust fan is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct. Multiple electric smoke exhaust ports are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom or side of the smoke exhaust duct, gradually moving away from the outlet of the smoke exhaust duct. The smoke exhaust fan, each of the electric smoke exhaust outlets, and the tunnel environment status sensing system are all communicatively connected to the control center.

2. The intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel environment status perception system includes a fire event detection module and an electric smoke exhaust outlet smoke velocity measurement module.

3. The intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fire incident detection module is used to detect fire source and fire intensity information as well as the location of the fire source.

4. A method for intelligent smoke exhaust control in highway tunnels using the intelligent smoke exhaust control system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish an intelligent smoke exhaust control system for highway tunnels; Step S2: The fire event detection module detects in real time whether a fire event has occurred inside the highway tunnel. When a fire is detected, the location of the fire source and the fire intensity information are determined. Step S3: Based on the location of the fire source, activate the intelligent smoke exhaust control unit on the same side to intelligently control the smoke exhaust in the highway tunnel. The specific method is as follows: Step S31: Determine the target smoke exhaust volume Q based on the current fire source and fire intensity information and the location of the fire source. Step S32: Determine the number n of electric exhaust vents that need to be opened based on the target exhaust volume Q; Step S33: Determine the target electric exhaust vents that need to be opened according to the electric exhaust vent opening strategy. Step S34: Using the electric exhaust port opening calculation algorithm, based on the pressure balance and air volume balance strategy, the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port is calculated, and the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port is obtained according to the ideal exhaust volume of each target electric exhaust port. Step S35: Based on the calculated opening angle of each target electric exhaust port, control the opening angle of each target electric exhaust port to rotate it to the corresponding opening angle position. Step S36: After a set time interval, the measured value of the exhaust wind speed of each target electric exhaust port is obtained by the exhaust wind speed measurement module. Step S37: Calculate the actual smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port based on the measured smoke exhaust wind speed of each target electric smoke exhaust port. Step S38: Analyze the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of each target electric smoke exhaust port, and adjust the opening angle of each target electric smoke exhaust port accordingly. At set time intervals, it is determined whether the real-time location of the fire source and the fire intensity information have changed significantly. If so, the process returns to step S31; otherwise, it returns to step S36. This process is repeated continuously to perform intelligent smoke exhaust control in highway tunnels.

5. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S31 is as follows: Step S311: Using formula (1), the plume mass flow rate M is obtained. p : Among them: Q c Q is the convective heat release rate of the heat source. c ≈0.7M, where M is the currently detected fire source power; z l To limit the height of the flames, z is the height from the fuel surface to the bottom of the flue gas layer; Step S312, using formula (2), the target smoke emission amount Q is obtained: Q=M P / ρ+Q 排烟口 +Q 沿程 (2) Where: ρ is the density of the flue gas; Q 排烟口 Q represents the amount of fresh air mixed into the electric smoke exhaust vent. 排烟口 =Q1n1, where Q1 is the air leakage of a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; n1 is the number of electric smoke exhaust outlets arranged between the smoke exhaust fan on the same side and the fire source. Q 沿程 Q represents the amount of fresh air mixed in along the route; 沿程 =Q2L1, where Q2 is the air leakage along the exhaust duct; L1 is the length of the exhaust duct between the exhaust fan on the same side and the fire source.

6. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S32, formula (3) is used to obtain the number n of electric exhaust vents that need to be opened: Where: A is the maximum effective area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; This is for rounding up.

7. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S33 specifically involves determining the n target electric smoke exhaust vents to be opened around the fire source, based on a strategy that the ratio of the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened upstream of the fire source to the number of electric smoke exhaust vents opened downstream of the fire source is 1:

2.

8. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S34 is as follows: Step S341: The n target electric smoke exhaust outlets are represented in order of distance from the smoke exhaust fan from near to far as: target electric smoke exhaust outlet 1, target electric smoke exhaust outlet 2, ..., target electric smoke exhaust outlet n; using formula (4), the ideal smoke exhaust volume q of each target electric smoke exhaust outlet i is calculated. i , i = 1, 2, ..., n; Step S342, establish the pressure balance equations for each target electric exhaust port: P1=P2=...P i ...=P n (5) v i =q i / A i (7) Where: P i λ represents the ideal inlet pressure of the target electric exhaust port i; i L is the friction coefficient of the exhaust duct between the exhaust fan and the target electric exhaust outlet i. i Let be the distance from the target electric exhaust outlet i to the exhaust fan; D be the equivalent diameter of the exhaust duct cross-section; ρ be the flue gas density; v ... i A represents the ideal inlet velocity of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i; i Let be the effective opening area of ​​the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i, and let be the decision quantity; A is the maximum effective opening area of ​​a single electric smoke exhaust outlet; δ i Let the airflow efficiency of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i be equal to the effective opening area A of the target electric smoke exhaust outlet i. i Related; Step S343: Solve the pressure balance equation of the target electric exhaust port to obtain the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i The specific method is as follows: Let A be the effective area of ​​the innermost target electric exhaust port n. n This is equal to the maximum effective area A of a single electric exhaust vent, from which we obtain the effective area A of the vent. n Corresponding airflow efficiency δ n And, according to formula (7), the ideal value of its inlet wind speed v is obtained. n According to formula (6), the ideal inlet pressure P of the target electric exhaust port n is obtained. n ; According to the pressure balance relationship in formula (5), the ideal inlet pressure values ​​of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports are obtained; for each of the other n-1 target electric smoke exhaust ports, the effective opening area of ​​each target electric smoke exhaust port is obtained by combining formula (6) and formula (7); This yields the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i. i ; Step S344, based on the effective opening area A of each target electric exhaust port i i and airflow efficiency δ i The opening angle θ of each target electric exhaust port i is obtained. i .

9. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S37 is as follows: Using formula (8), the actual smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port i is calculated. Where: v i * The measured value of the exhaust wind speed at the target electric exhaust outlet i.

10. The intelligent smoke exhaust control method for highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S38 is as follows: If the deviation between the actual smoke exhaust volume and the ideal smoke exhaust volume of the target electric smoke exhaust port is greater than the set threshold, the opening angle of the target electric smoke exhaust port will be adjusted accordingly.

Images