Irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope terrain

Abstract

The application provides a kind of irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope terrain, it is related to irrigation engineering technical field, the method of the application includes, the slope and slope length information of target side slope are acquired;According to the slope and slope length information, the site type of target side slope is determined based on the preset classification rule;According to the determined site type, the pipe layout mode suitable for target side slope is matched, and the pipe diameter parameter under the pipe layout mode is calculated and determined according to the irrigation water demand of target side slope, to form initial system layout scheme;According to initial system layout scheme, simulation based on multi-physical field coupling model is carried out, to verify the head loss condition under initial system layout scheme, based on the verification result, initial system layout scheme is adjusted, and the final system layout scheme for target side slope is generated.The application of the technical scheme of the application is beneficial to the smooth implementation of ecological restoration and vegetation restoration engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of irrigation engineering technology, specifically to a method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain. Background Technology

[0002] Irrigation is an indispensable part of ecological restoration and vegetation recovery projects in high-altitude and cold regions. Traditional irrigation systems typically consist of three main parts: a power unit (such as diesel or electric pump sets), a water distribution network (including main pipes and branch pipes), and irrigation devices (such as rotary sprinklers and pressure-compensating drippers). However, the environmental conditions encountered when performing such operations in high-altitude and cold regions differ significantly from those in ordinary plains. Specifically, high-altitude and cold regions are characterized by complex, steep slopes and extreme low temperatures. These unique geographical and climatic factors place higher demands on the performance of irrigation systems.

[0003] In developing this invention, the inventors discovered that, without targeted design, irrigation systems encounter a series of problems when applied to steep slopes in cold regions. These problems include water waste due to hydraulic imbalance, pipe ruptures caused by temperature changes, nozzle blockage due to impurity deposition, and even secondary damage to the recovering ecosystem due to improper irrigation. These issues not only affect irrigation efficiency and effectiveness but may also lead to delays or failures in the entire ecological restoration and vegetation recovery project.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a method for laying out irrigation pipeline systems that can adapt to the special environmental conditions of high-altitude and cold regions, so as to ensure the stable operation of irrigation systems, improve water resource utilization efficiency, and promote the smooth progress of ecological restoration and vegetation recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To at least partially overcome the problems existing in the related technologies, this application provides a method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on sloping terrain. By adopting an optimized layout and structural design of the irrigation system, the above challenges can be effectively solved, ensuring the successful implementation of the project.

[0006] Some embodiments of this application provide a method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain information on the slope gradient and slope length of the target slope;

[0008] Based on the slope and slope length information, the site type of the target slope is determined according to a preset classification rule;

[0009] Based on the determined site type, a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope is matched, and the pipeline diameter parameters under the pipeline layout pattern are calculated and determined according to the irrigation water demand of the target slope to form an initial system layout plan.

[0010] Based on the initial system layout scheme, a simulation based on a multiphysics coupling model is performed to verify the head loss under the initial system layout scheme. Based on the verification results, the initial system layout scheme is adjusted to generate the final system layout scheme for the target slope.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the preset classification rules divide the slope dimension into gentle slopes, sloping slopes, and steep slopes, and the slope length dimension into short slopes, medium slopes, and long slopes, classifying site types based on the combination of the slope and slope length dimensions.

[0012] The process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope based on the determined site type includes:

[0013] When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a gentle slope in the site type, a herringbone layout is matched with the main pipe extending along the contour line and the branch pipes laid down the slope.

[0014] When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a sloping slope or a steep slope in the site type, a zigzag broken line layout is matched.

[0015] In some possible implementations, when the slope dimension information of the target slope is a steep slope and the slope length dimension information is a long slope in the site type, a segmented zigzag broken line layout is matched.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope based on the determined site type further includes:

[0017] When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a steep slope in the site type, the end watering device is configured as a misting nozzle.

[0018] In some possible implementations, for the slope dimension, a slope of 35° or less is classified as a gentle slope, a slope greater than 35° but less than or equal to 45° is classified as a sloping slope, and a slope greater than 45° is classified as a steep slope; for the slope length dimension, a slope length of 50 meters or less is classified as a short slope, a slope length greater than 50 meters but less than or equal to 100 meters is classified as a medium slope, and a slope length greater than 100 meters is classified as a long slope.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the process of forming the initial system deployment plan also includes:

[0020] The head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the determined pipeline diameter parameters, and the configuration of the power unit is determined based on the head loss along the pipeline.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the pipe diameter parameters in the pipe layout pattern are calculated and determined based on the following expression:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] in, Indicates the base pipe diameter. Indicates the final pipe diameter. Indicates the design flow rate. Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. Indicates the pipe slope. Indicates the coefficient of frost heave;

[0025] The head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the following expression:

[0026]

[0027] in, This indicates the head loss along the pipeline. Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. Indicates the length of the pipe. Indicates the flow coefficient. Indicates the inner diameter of the pipe. This indicates the pipe diameter index.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the process of generating the final system deployment plan also includes, after adjusting the initial system deployment plan, adding cold-region correction measures for the deployment plan.

[0029] The cold region correction measures include: adding a water drainage device at the lowest point of each independent pipeline section in the plan.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the cold-region correction measures also include: the pipes used in the scheme are made of low-temperature impact-resistant materials; the implementation requirements for the pipeline layout in the scheme are that they be buried deep below the frost layer or that the outer wall of the pipe is wrapped with an insulation layer.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the simulation based on the multiphysics coupling model is performed using the COMSOL software package.

[0032] The irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope topography provided in this application comprehensively considers the slope and length information of the target slope, determines the site type based on preset classification rules, matches a suitable pipeline layout pattern, and calculates the corresponding pipeline diameter parameters to form an initial system layout scheme. Furthermore, it uses a multiphysics coupling model to simulate and verify the head loss, and adjusts the initial scheme according to the verification results to generate a final system layout scheme. This ensures that the irrigation system constructed based on this scheme is more suitable for the environmental conditions of the target slope, guaranteeing stable and efficient system operation during irrigation, and thus facilitating the smooth implementation of ecological restoration and vegetation recovery projects.

[0033] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from an examination of the following, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application or the prior art, and constitute a part of the specification. The drawings illustrating embodiments of this application, together with the embodiments of this application, are used to explain the technical solutions of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope terrain in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure distribution inside a pipeline under a certain layout scheme during simulation in one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure distribution inside the pipeline under another layout scheme during the simulation process in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] As described in the background section, irrigation is an indispensable part of ecological restoration and vegetation recovery projects in high-altitude and cold regions. Traditional irrigation systems typically consist of three main parts: a power unit (such as diesel or electric pump sets), a water distribution network (including main pipes and branch pipes), and irrigation devices (such as rotary sprinklers and pressure-compensating drippers). However, the environmental conditions encountered when performing such operations in high-altitude and cold regions differ significantly from those in ordinary plains. Specifically, high-altitude and cold regions are characterized by complex, steep slopes and extreme low-temperature climates. These unique geographical and climatic factors place higher demands on the performance of irrigation systems.

[0040] In developing this invention, the inventors discovered that, without targeted design, irrigation systems encounter a series of problems when applied to steep slopes in cold regions. These problems include water waste due to hydraulic imbalance, pipe ruptures caused by temperature changes, nozzle blockage due to impurity deposition, and even secondary damage to the recovering ecosystem due to improper irrigation. These issues not only affect irrigation efficiency and effectiveness but may also lead to delays or failures in the entire ecological restoration and vegetation recovery project.

[0041] Based on this, this application proposes a method for laying out irrigation pipeline systems based on sloping terrain. By adopting an optimized layout and structural design of the irrigation system, the above challenges can be effectively addressed, ensuring the successful implementation of the project.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope terrain proposed in this application includes:

[0043] Step S110: Obtain the slope and length information of the target slope.

[0044] In practice, the target slope can be measured on-site using lidar or other photogrammetric technologies to obtain corresponding point cloud, DEM elevation and other data. Then, based on these data, the slope and length information of the target slope can be obtained. For example, the slope and length information of target slope A are 35 degrees and 200 meters.

[0045] Then, in step S120, the site type of the target slope is determined based on the slope and slope length information obtained in step S110 and the preset classification rules.

[0046] Specifically, in the technical solution of this application, the preset classification rules divide the slope dimension into gentle slopes, sloping slopes, and steep slopes, and the slope length dimension into short slopes, medium slopes, and long slopes. The site type classification is based on the combination of slope and slope length dimensions. It should be noted that the main purpose of this site type classification is to select the most suitable irrigation pipeline system layout method according to different terrain conditions. Based on the inventor's analysis and research of actual scenarios, slope and slope length are the most significant factors affecting terrain conditions. Therefore, for the sake of convenient engineering implementation, this application classifies site types based on the combination of slope and slope length dimensions.

[0047] Furthermore, through the summarization of numerous actual engineering cases, as a specific implementation method, in the specific classification rules, for the slope dimension, a slope of less than or equal to 35° is classified as a gentle slope, a slope greater than 35° but less than or equal to 45° is classified as a sloping slope, and a slope greater than 45° is classified as a steep slope; for the slope length dimension, a slope length of less than or equal to 50 meters is classified as a short slope, a slope length greater than 50 meters but less than or equal to 100 meters is classified as a medium slope, and a slope length greater than 100 meters is classified as a long slope.

[0048] Then proceed to step S130, match a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope according to the determined site type, and calculate and determine the pipeline diameter parameters in the pipeline layout pattern according to the irrigation water demand of the target slope to form an initial system layout plan.

[0049] Specifically, as one implementation method, the pipeline layout pattern matching process is based on the following Table 1:

[0050] Table 1. Correspondence between terrain combinations and pipeline layout patterns

[0051]

[0052] That is, in this step, the process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope based on the determined site type includes:

[0053] When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a gentle slope, a herringbone layout is matched with the main pipe extending along the contour line and the branch pipes laid down the slope. In this type of terrain unit, due to the small slope, the water flow velocity is relatively slow and the water head loss is small. Therefore, a simpler layout such as the herringbone layout can be adopted. In this layout, the main pipe extends along the contour line and the branch pipes are laid down the slope to ensure uniform water distribution.

[0054] When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a gentle slope or a steep slope, a zigzag-shaped broken line layout is matched. In this type of terrain unit, the slope is significantly increased compared to gentle slopes, and the water flow velocity in the system pipes increases, leading to greater head loss. Especially under conditions of large slopes such as gentle slopes and steep slopes, there may be large pressure changes, requiring a more complex pipe layout pattern to reduce flow velocity and reduce head loss. Here, a zigzag-shaped broken line layout is specifically used to avoid pipe rupture due to excessive pressure. For example, in a steep slope area, a zigzag-shaped broken line layout is used, with the angle between the main and branch pipes being 20°-30°, to reduce the height difference per unit length.

[0055] Furthermore, when the target slope's location type indicates a steep slope in terms of gradient and a long slope in terms of length, a segmented zigzag layout can be matched. As mentioned earlier, with a steep slope, the water flow velocity increases significantly, leading to substantial head loss and unstable pressure distribution. A zigzag layout effectively slows the water flow velocity and disperses energy by repeatedly changing the flow direction, reducing the impact on the pipeline system. However, when facing a long slope, relying solely on a monolithic zigzag layout may result in excessively low or high pressure in distant areas. Therefore, for terrain units with steep slope and long slope, this application further adopts a segmented design. By setting appropriate power units or regulating valves in different segments, a more balanced pressure distribution within the system can be achieved, ensuring efficient operation and long-term durability.

[0056] On the other hand, regarding the configuration of the irrigation system's emitters, the technical scenario of this application involves steep slopes. Therefore, the specific selection of emitters needs to be considered to avoid excessive erosion of the target slope surface by the terminal water outlet, which could lead to soil erosion. Based on this, as shown in Table 1 above, the process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern to the target slope according to the determined site type also includes: when the slope dimension information of the target slope is steep, configuring the terminal emitters as atomizing nozzles. For example, low-flow atomizing nozzles, such as those with an operating pressure of 200 kPa and a spray diameter of 5-8 meters, can be selected to ensure high irrigation uniformity and prevent soil erosion. For other types of target slopes, emitters of the ordinary nozzle type with appropriate nozzle operating pressure and spray diameter can be selected based on irrigation needs.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S130, after realizing the pipeline layout mode, it is also necessary to calculate and determine the pipeline diameter parameters under the corresponding pipeline layout mode according to the irrigation water demand of the target slope, so as to form an initial system layout scheme.

[0058] As can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, changes in slope and slope length will cause changes in water pressure inside the pipe, and the flow rate will also increase accordingly. In order to meet the water pressure and flow requirements under different terrain conditions, given a fixed pipeline layout pattern, the corresponding pipeline diameter parameters, including the main pipe diameter, can be calculated and determined according to the pipe diameter calculation formula based on the actual situation of the target slope, so as to achieve hydraulic balance design.

[0059] Specifically, the pipe diameter parameters in the pipe layout pattern are calculated and determined based on the following expression:

[0060] (1)

[0061] (2)

[0062] In expressions (1) and (2), Indicates the base pipe diameter (unit: m). Indicates the final pipe diameter (in meters). Indicates the design flow rate (unit: m³ / s). Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. This indicates the slope of the pipe (dimensionless, e.g., a slope of 0.003 represents 3%). This represents the coefficient of frost heave (usually taken as 1.05-1.3 depending on the frost heave level).

[0063] The flow parameters in expressions (1) and (2) above can be determined based on the actual water storage capacity for plant growth, irrigation time, and irrigation area of ​​the irrigated area; the pipe roughness coefficient is related to the pipe material, and the specific values ​​are shown in Table 2 below. The frost heave coefficient is a physical quantity used to measure the impact of the volume expansion of soil or surrounding medium due to freezing on pipelines. In practice, it can be determined based on the soil properties and climate factors of the target slope environment.

[0064] Furthermore, in actual irrigation processes, excessively long pipes often lead to head loss, causing the water pressure at the pipe end to fail to meet the set requirements and affecting irrigation uniformity. Therefore, head loss within the pipes must be considered in the pipe layout design. Thus, step S130, in the process of forming the initial system layout scheme, also includes;

[0065] The head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the determined pipeline diameter parameters, and the configuration of the power unit is determined based on the head loss along the pipeline.

[0066] Specifically, the head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the following expression:

[0067] (3)

[0068] Expression (3), This indicates the head loss along the pipeline (in meters). Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. Indicates the length of the pipe (in meters). Indicates the flow coefficient. Indicates the inner diameter of the pipe (unit: mm). This indicates the pipe diameter index.

[0069] It is readily understood by those skilled in the art that the flow coefficient, pipe roughness coefficient, and pipe diameter index are related to the actual pipe material selected, as shown in Table 2 below. The relevant parameters can be determined by referring to the irrigation and drainage engineering design standard GB50288-2018.

[0070] Table 2. n, m, and b values ​​for various pipe materials

[0071]

[0072] After the head loss along the pipeline is calculated, similar to existing technologies, the relevant parameters of the pump head can be estimated based on this reference data. Furthermore, in cases where the pipeline is too long, small booster pumps can be added to compensate for the head loss.

[0073] Thus, in step S130, the initial system layout scheme can be obtained. This scheme includes information on the pipeline layout pattern, pipeline diameter parameters, water emitters, power units, etc., for the target slope, forming a relatively complete irrigation system layout scheme.

[0074] Based on this, considering that the initial system layout scheme is generated for a certain site type, and the slope and length of slopes belonging to the same site type may still have significant differences, in order to further reflect the specificity, after step S130, step S140 is performed to conduct simulation based on a multiphysics coupling model according to the initial system layout scheme, verify the head loss under the initial system layout scheme, and adjust the initial system layout scheme based on the verification results to generate the final system layout scheme for the target slope.

[0075] Specifically, in this step, simulations based on a multiphysics coupling model can be performed using the COMSOL software package. The simulation mainly includes head loss and velocity changes within the pipe. Based on the COMSOL multiphysics coupling model (fluid-structure-heat transfer), the simulation measures the water pressure distribution and critical erosion velocity (e.g., [missing information]) under different slopes and lengths. Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown in the figure, the left and right legends represent the pressure conditions at different locations on the inner wall of the pipe at different times. The pipeline layout method can be adjusted according to the simulation results to achieve optimization and upgrading. During the simulation process, when the head loss cannot meet the design strength, booster pumps can be further deployed or adjusted to compensate for the head loss.

[0076] For example, in one implementation scenario, for special working conditions in cold regions with slope length >80m, based on simulation, the final adjustment measure is to adopt a three-stage pressurization strategy: ① primary pressurization station (starting point of main pipeline, +0.3MPa); ② intermediate compensation pumps (spacing 40m, +0.15MPa); ③ terminal pressure stabilizer (pressure fluctuation controlled within ±5%).

[0077] Furthermore, considering that the technical scenario of this application is irrigation in high-altitude and cold regions, the influencing factor of low temperature must also be taken into account. Based on this, the process of generating the final system deployment scheme also includes further adding cold-region correction measures to the deployment scheme after adjusting the initial system deployment scheme.

[0078] The cold-region mitigation measures in this application mainly refer to antifreeze treatment for pipes and sprinklers. In high-altitude and cold regions, extreme low temperatures of -20℃ to -35℃ are common in winter, causing pipes and sprinklers to freeze and be damaged. This application comprehensively considers the climate environment, terrain characteristics, and system features, and adopts a multi-layered protection strategy combining "active" and "passive" measures.

[0079] To ensure timely drainage of water accumulated in the pipes, the pipe design should ensure that the entire pipe system (main pipe, branch pipe, and capillary pipe) has reliable and thorough self-drainage capability after water supply is interrupted. In practice, the characteristics of steep slopes can be utilized, and the pipe design should maintain a continuous and uniform downward slope along the water flow direction to ensure that the end of the pipe is the lowest point of the system (if the water source is at the bottom of the slope, ensure that the pipe can drain water away from the water source).

[0080] Specifically, the cold region correction measures in this application include: adding a water drainage device at the lowest point of each independent pipeline section. It should be noted that the lowest point here includes the low-lying point in the middle of a long pipeline. For example, the water drainage device here includes a drain valve / drain valve of sufficient diameter. In actual implementation, a valve type that can be quickly opened / closed can be selected to facilitate actual operation.

[0081] In addition, the cold region correction measures also include: the pipeline materials in the plan adopt low-temperature impact resistant configuration, that is, based on the pipe diameter and water head calculations in the plan, pipe materials with good toughness and low-temperature impact resistance are selected. The cold region correction measures also include: the implementation requirements of the pipeline layout in the plan are to bury it deep below the frost line or to wrap the outer wall of the pipeline with an insulation layer, that is, when the terrain conditions permit, the main pipe and important branch pipes will be buried deep below the frost line. When the steep slope cannot meet the deep burial requirements, passive protection is provided by wrapping with an insulation layer. The insulation layer (usually 1-2 times the pipe diameter) is wrapped tightly against the outer wall of the pipeline and sealed with weather-resistant and waterproof material to prevent snow water from seeping in and reducing the insulation effect.

[0082] Similarly, the same measures should be taken for the sprinkler heads. For example, a drain valve should be installed at the interface at the bottom of the riser pipe of the riser head (where it connects to the underground branch pipe / capillary pipe). This valve should be located at the lowest point protected by the underground insulation layer. At the same time, a simple insulation cap (such as rubber or foam plastic) can be added to the top of the sprinkler head to reduce the direct impact of wind, snow and low temperatures on the sprinkler head and prevent ice and snow blockage.

[0083] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventor's practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this application below should be considered the inventor's contributions to this application.

[0084] The irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope topography provided in this application comprehensively considers the slope and length information of the target slope, determines the site type based on preset classification rules, matches a suitable pipeline layout pattern, and calculates the corresponding pipeline diameter parameters to form an initial system layout scheme. Furthermore, it uses a multiphysics coupling model to simulate and verify the head loss, and adjusts the initial scheme according to the verification results to generate a final system layout scheme. This ensures that the irrigation system constructed based on this scheme is more suitable for the environmental conditions of the target slope, guaranteeing stable and efficient system operation during irrigation, and thus facilitating the smooth progress of ecological restoration and vegetation recovery projects.

[0085] Based on the above embodiments, the irrigation pipeline system layout method based on slope terrain proposed in this application achieves the following significant technical effects by comprehensively considering the complexity of slope terrain and extreme climate conditions in high-altitude and cold regions:

[0086] By analyzing the slope and length information of the target slope and determining the site type based on preset classification rules, the most suitable pipeline layout pattern is matched to ensure efficient use of water resources. Especially in the case of steep and long slopes, the segmented zigzag layout effectively slows down the water flow velocity, reducing head loss and water waste. Appropriate pipeline layouts (such as herringbone or zigzag layouts) are selected according to different site types, and corresponding power units or regulating valves are configured to make the pressure distribution of the entire irrigation system more balanced, thereby improving the system's stability and reliability and reducing the risk of equipment failure due to uneven pressure. Cold-region correction measures are introduced, such as adding water drainage devices, selecting low-temperature impact-resistant pipes, and deep burial or insulation layers, effectively solving the problems of pipe rupture and frost heave in low-temperature environments and enhancing the irrigation system's adaptability in high-altitude and cold regions. Simulation using a multiphysics coupling model verifies the performance of the specific layout scheme, providing a scientific basis and technical guidance for actual engineering projects, and improving the accuracy and success rate of project planning and execution.

[0087] In practical engineering applications, the layout method described in this application not only ensures the normal operation of the irrigation system but also avoids secondary damage that may be caused by improper design, thus contributing to vegetation restoration and the healthy reconstruction of the ecosystem. Especially in steep slope areas, it can provide a stable water supply, support vegetation growth, and reduce soil erosion.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0089] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0090] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0091] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0092] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on sloping terrain, characterized in that, include: Obtain information on the slope gradient and slope length of the target slope; Based on the slope and slope length information, the site type of the target slope is determined according to a preset classification rule; Based on the determined site type, a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope is matched, and the pipeline diameter parameters under the pipeline layout pattern are calculated and determined according to the irrigation water demand of the target slope to form an initial system layout plan. Based on the initial system layout scheme, a simulation based on a multiphysics coupling model is performed to verify the head loss under the initial system layout scheme. Based on the verification results, the initial system layout scheme is adjusted to generate the final system layout scheme for the target slope. Among them, the preset classification rules divide the slope dimension into gentle slope, sloping slope and steep slope, and the slope length dimension into short slope, medium slope and long slope. The site type is classified based on the combination relationship between the slope dimension and the slope length dimension. The process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern for a target slope based on the determined site type includes: when the slope dimension information of the target slope site type is a gentle slope, matching a herringbone layout in which the main pipe extends along the contour line and the branch pipes are laid down the slope; when the slope dimension information of the target slope site type is a sloping or steep slope, matching a zigzag layout; and when the slope dimension information of the target slope site type is a steep slope and the slope length dimension information is a long slope, matching a segmented zigzag layout. The pipe diameter parameters in the pipe layout pattern are calculated and determined based on the following expression: in, Indicates the base pipe diameter. Indicates the final pipe diameter. Indicates the design flow rate. Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. Indicates the pipe slope. Indicates the coefficient of frost heave; The head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the following expression: in, This indicates the head loss along the pipeline. Represents the roughness coefficient of the pipe. Indicates the length of the pipe. Represents the flow coefficient. Indicates the inner diameter of the pipe. This indicates the pipe diameter index.

2. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 1, wherein, The process of matching a suitable pipeline layout pattern for the target slope based on the determined site type also includes: When the slope dimension information of the target slope is a steep slope in the site type, the end watering device is configured as a misting nozzle.

3. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In terms of slope, slopes less than or equal to 35° are classified as gentle slopes, slopes greater than 35° but less than or equal to 45° are classified as sloping slopes, and slopes greater than 45° are classified as steep slopes. In terms of slope length, slopes less than or equal to 50 meters are classified as short slopes, slopes greater than 50 meters but less than or equal to 100 meters are classified as medium slopes, and slopes greater than 100 meters are classified as long slopes.

4. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 1, wherein, The process of forming the initial system deployment plan also includes: The head loss along the pipeline is calculated based on the determined pipeline diameter parameters, and the configuration of the power unit is determined based on the head loss along the pipeline.

5. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 1, wherein, The process of generating the final system deployment plan also includes adding cold-region correction measures to the deployment plan after adjusting the initial system deployment plan. The cold region correction measures include: adding a water drainage device at the lowest point of each independent pipeline section in the plan.

6. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 5, wherein, The cold region correction measures also include: the pipes in the plan are made of low-temperature impact resistant materials; the implementation requirements for the pipeline layout in the plan are to bury them deep below the frost layer or to wrap the outer wall of the pipes with an insulation layer.

7. The method for laying out an irrigation pipeline system based on slope terrain according to claim 1, wherein, The simulation based on the multiphysics coupling model was performed using the COMSOL software package.

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