An apparatus for controlling the energy confinement time using a limiter bias system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of controllable nuclear fusion, and particularly relates to a device for controlling energy confinement time by using a limiter bias system. The device comprises a bias electrode head, a soft connection wire connected with the bias electrode head at one end and connected with a bias power supply system of an NCST spherical tokamak device at the other end, and a limiter main body installed on one side of the NCST spherical tokamak device and provided with the bias electrode head for restraining the escaped electrons generated by discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device. The present application can restrain the escaped electrons generated by discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device by installing the limiter bias system, improve the energy confinement time parameter of the NCST spherical tokamak device, significantly restrain the plasma instability, and thus increase the plasma current duration and improve the plasma current size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion technology, and in particular to a device for controlling energy confinement time using a limiter bias system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the NCST spherical tokamak device suffers from several shortcomings in its discharge process, including a large number of escaped electrons and insufficient energy confinement time parameters, which severely affect plasma confinement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least improve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system, comprising:

[0006] Bias electrode head;

[0007] A flexible connecting wire is used, with one end connected to the bias electrode head and the other end connected to the bias power supply system of the NCST spherical tokamak device.

[0008] The limiter body is installed on one side of the NCST spherical tokamak device. The limiter body is equipped with a bias electrode head to suppress escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device.

[0009] In one possible technical solution, the bias electrode head further includes:

[0010] A stainless steel housing is mounted on the main body of the limiter;

[0011] The first graphite pad is installed inside the stainless steel housing;

[0012] Insulating ceramic, mounted on the side of the first graphite pad away from the stainless steel housing;

[0013] A second graphite pad is installed on the insulating ceramic side away from the first graphite pad for cushioning;

[0014] A positive electrode plate is mounted on the side of the second graphite pad away from the insulating ceramic.

[0015] In one possible technical solution, a connecting component is further included for assisting in the installation of the limiter body, the connecting component comprising:

[0016] An electrical connection connector is installed on the push-in window of the limiter body;

[0017] A perforated flange is installed on the electrical connection connector;

[0018] A through-wall seal is installed on the perforated flange;

[0019] A bellows is installed on the perforated flange.

[0020] In one possible technical solution, the positive electrode plate is further made of tungsten metal or graphite material.

[0021] In one possible technical solution, the bias power supply system further includes:

[0022] The rectifier module connects to the external power grid to draw power from the grid and rectify it to provide energy for the DC support capacitor, thus maintaining the stability of the DC bus voltage.

[0023] The power unit module is connected to the rectifier module. The power unit module is an H-bridge inverter structure based on high-switching-frequency IGBTs, which enables the power supply to respond quickly and has low output current ripple.

[0024] In one possible technical solution, the rectifier module is further described as a diode uncontrolled rectifier or a controlled rectifier, used to ensure that the voltage on the DC support capacitor remains relatively constant.

[0025] In one possible technical solution, the H-bridge converter structure is further described as a multi-bridge, multi-arm series-parallel structure, which is used to improve the equivalent switching frequency of the power supply.

[0026] In one possible technical solution, it further includes:

[0027] A filter, connected to the output of the H-bridge converter, is used to improve the output quality of the power supply.

[0028] In one possible technical solution, the through-wall seal is further made of CF35 ceramic permeable material.

[0029] In one possible technical solution, the bias power supply system is further described as a high-power constant voltage source with a rated output of 500V and 1000A, a rated output power of 50kW, and a pulse operation mode with a single pulse operation time not exceeding 10s. This system is economical and practical while meeting the requirements for controlling energy constraint time.

[0030] The device for controlling the energy confinement time using a limiter bias system according to the present invention suppresses escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device by installing a limiter bias system, improves the energy confinement time parameter of the NCST spherical tokamak device, significantly suppresses plasma instability, thereby increasing the plasma current duration, increasing the plasma current magnitude, and enriching the research and teaching significance of the NCST device.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a front view of an apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bias electrode head of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the bias electrode head of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of an apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a through-wall seal of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7This is a topology diagram of the main circuit of a bias power supply system for a device that uses a limiter bias system to control energy constraint time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a power unit module topology diagram of a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 1. Bias electrode head; 2. Flexible connecting wire; 3. Limiter body; 4. Electrical connection connector; 5. Perforated flange; 6. Through-wall seal; 7. Bellows.

[0044] Stainless steel housing 101, first graphite pad 102, insulating ceramic 103, second graphite pad 104, positive electrode plate 105. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0046] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0048] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, it may include a series of steps or units, or optionally, steps or units not listed, or other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0049] The accompanying drawings show only the portions relevant to this application, not all of them. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of these operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the drawings. The process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0050] The terms “component,” “module,” “system,” “unit,” etc., used in this specification are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a unit can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a thread of execution, a program, and / or distributed between two or more computers. Furthermore, these units can be executed from various computer-readable media on which various data structures are stored. Units can communicate, for example, via local and / or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from a second unit interacting with another unit between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network; for example, the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

[0051] Example 1

[0052] During discharge in the NCST spherical tokamak device, under a certain circumferential electric field, when the particle velocity exceeds a certain critical value, the charged particles are continuously accelerated by the electric field, producing high-energy escape electrons. Escape electrons are generated in various ways in experiments, such as through decreased density, increased impurities, or fragmentation. Energy confinement time is an important objective indicator of the quality of plasma energy confinement. The tokamak limiter bias is one method of controlling the radial electric field, which can improve the plasma confinement state. Furthermore, the average energy of the escape electrons and the resulting hard X-ray radiation depend on fluctuations in plasma current and ring voltage; these parameters can be controlled by the limiter bias.

[0053] Based on this, this embodiment provides a device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system to solve the above problems, wherein, as... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes:

[0054] Bias electrode head 1;

[0055] The flexible connecting wire 2 is connected at one end to the bias electrode head 1 and at the other end to the bias power supply system of the NCST spherical tokamak device;

[0056] The limiter body 3 is installed on one side of the NCST spherical tokamak device. The limiter body 3 is equipped with a bias electrode head 1, which is used to suppress escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the high-temperature resistant bias electrode head 1 is fixed to the innermost side of the existing limiter body 3 by bolts.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bias electrode head 1 includes:

[0059] A stainless steel housing 101 is mounted on the back plate of the limiter body 3;

[0060] The first graphite pad 102 is installed inside the stainless steel housing 101;

[0061] Insulating ceramic 103 is installed on the side of the first graphite pad 102 away from the stainless steel housing 101;

[0062] The second graphite pad 104 is installed on the side of the insulating ceramic 103 away from the first graphite pad 102 for cushioning;

[0063] A positive electrode plate 105 is mounted on the side of the second graphite pad 104 away from the insulating ceramic 103. The positive electrode plate 105 is made of tungsten metal or graphite material.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a connecting component is also included to assist in the installation of the limiter body 3. The connecting component includes:

[0065] Electrical connector 4 is installed on the push-in window of the limiter body 3;

[0066] Perforated flange 5 is installed on the electrical connection connector 4;

[0067] The through-wall seal 6 is installed on the perforated flange 5;

[0068] The bellows 7 is installed on the perforated flange 5 and serves as a buffer.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bias power supply system includes:

[0070] The rectifier module connects to the external power grid to draw power from the grid and rectify it to provide energy for the DC support capacitor, thus maintaining the stability of the DC bus voltage.

[0071] The power unit module is connected to the rectifier module. The power unit module is an H-bridge inverter structure based on high-switching-frequency IGBTs, which enables the power supply to respond quickly and has low output current ripple.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the rectifier module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier or a controlled rectifier, used to ensure that the voltage on the DC support capacitor is relatively constant.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the H-bridge converter structure is a multi-bridge, multi-arm series-parallel structure, used to improve the equivalent switching frequency of the power supply. Specifically, it includes an input power supply terminal and an output terminal, and also includes:

[0074] Four IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) are arranged in an H-type structure, connected in pairs to the two ends of the input power supply. The emitters (or sources) of two IGBTs are connected together, and the collectors (or drains) of the other two IGBTs are connected together, forming two bridge arms.

[0075] A capacitor is connected in parallel across the input power supply to stabilize the input voltage and filter it.

[0076] A filter, connected at the output of the H-bridge (between the midpoints of the two bridge arms), is used to filter the output voltage or current. By controlling the on and off states of the four IGBTs, the output voltage or current can be regulated and controlled.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the following is also included:

[0078] A filter, connected to the output of the H-bridge converter, is used to improve the output quality of the power supply.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the through-wall seal 6 is made of CF35 ceramic material.

[0080] The device for controlling the energy confinement time using a limiter bias system according to the present invention suppresses escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device by installing a limiter bias system, improves the energy confinement time parameter of the NCST spherical tokamak device, significantly suppresses plasma instability, thereby increasing the plasma current duration, increasing the plasma current magnitude, and enriching the research and teaching significance of the NCST device.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment further improves upon Embodiment 1 by proposing a device for controlling the energy constraint time using a limiter bias system, comprising:

[0083] An apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system, comprising:

[0084] Bias electrode head 1;

[0085] The flexible connecting wire 2 is connected at one end to the bias electrode head 1 and at the other end to the bias power supply system of the NCST spherical tokamak device;

[0086] The limiter body 3 is installed on one side of the NCST spherical tokamak device. The limiter body 3 is equipped with a bias electrode head 1, which is used to suppress the escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device.

[0087] Bias power supply system;

[0088] The power control system is connected to the bias power supply system.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the high-temperature resistant bias electrode head 1 is fixed to the innermost side of the existing limiter body 3 by bolts.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bias electrode head 1 includes:

[0091] A stainless steel housing 101 is mounted on the back plate of the limiter body 3;

[0092] The first graphite pad 102 is installed inside the stainless steel housing 101;

[0093] Insulating ceramic 103 is installed on the side of the first graphite pad 102 away from the stainless steel housing 101;

[0094] The second graphite pad 104 is installed on the side of the insulating ceramic 103 away from the first graphite pad 102 for cushioning;

[0095] A positive electrode plate 105 is mounted on the side of the second graphite pad 104 away from the insulating ceramic 103. The positive electrode plate 105 is made of tungsten metal or graphite material.

[0096] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the bias power supply system is a high-power constant voltage source with a rated output of 500V and 1000A, a rated output power of 50kW, and operates in pulse mode, with a single pulse operating time not exceeding 10s.

[0097] The device for controlling the energy confinement time using a limiter bias system according to the present invention suppresses escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device by installing a limiter bias system, improves the energy confinement time parameter of the NCST spherical tokamak device, significantly suppresses plasma instability, thereby increasing the plasma current duration, increasing the plasma current magnitude, and enriching the research and teaching significance of the NCST device.

[0098] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0099] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0100] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The reference to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0101] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system, characterized in that, include: A bias electrode head (1), the bias electrode head (1) comprising: A stainless steel housing (101) is mounted on the limiter body (3); The first graphite pad (102) is installed inside the stainless steel housing (101); An insulating ceramic (103) is mounted on the side of the first graphite pad (102) away from the stainless steel housing (101); The second graphite pad (104) is installed on the side of the insulating ceramic (103) away from the first graphite pad (102); A positive electrode plate (105) is mounted on the side of the second graphite pad (104) away from the insulating ceramic (103); The flexible connecting wire (2) is connected at one end to the bias electrode head (1) and at the other end to the bias power supply system of the NCST spherical tokamak device; The limiter body (3) is installed on one side of the NCST spherical tokamak device. The limiter body (3) is equipped with a bias electrode head (1) to suppress the escape electrons generated by the discharge of the NCST spherical tokamak device. A connecting component for assisting in the installation of the limiter body (3), the connecting component comprising: Electrical connection connector (4) is installed on the push-in window of the limiter body (3); A perforated flange (5) is installed on the electrical connection joint (4); A through-wall seal (6) is installed on the perforated flange (5); A bellows (7) is installed on the perforated flange (5).

2. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode plate (105) is made of tungsten metal or graphite material.

3. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bias power supply system includes: The rectifier module is connected to the external power grid. A power unit module is connected to the rectifier module, wherein the power unit module is an H-bridge inverter structure based on high-switching-frequency IGBTs.

4. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rectifier module is either a diode-based uncontrolled rectifier or a controlled rectifier.

5. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The H-bridge inverter has a multi-bridge, multi-arm series-parallel structure.

6. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A filter is connected to the output of the H-bridge inverter.

7. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-wall seal (6) is made of CF35 ceramic material.

8. The apparatus for controlling energy constraint time using a limiter bias system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bias power supply system is a high-power constant voltage source with a rated output of 500V and 1000A, and a rated output power of 50kW.

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