Array radiation unit, array antenna unit, array antenna and antenna device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an array radiation unit, an array antenna unit, an array antenna and an antenna device, and relates to the technical field of communication, the array radiation unit takes a first metal patch as a basis, the whole array surface can be arranged on a dielectric substrate of the antenna, and strip-shaped gaps formed in the array radiation unit form a K-waveband reflective array; by setting the length of the strip-shaped gaps, the reflection phase of the K wave band can be obtained, the second metal patch units embedded between the strip-shaped gaps form a reflection array of the Ka wave band, the reflection phase of the Ka wave band can be obtained by scaling the size of the reflection array, and the combination of the array radiation units forms a C wave band phased array. And the antenna shares one radiation structure with the reflective array antenna of the K and Ka wavebands, so that the structure is compact, the aperture multiplexing rate of the common-aperture antenna can be improved through the arrangement of the three-frequency structure, and the gain effect is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an array radiating element, an array antenna element, an array antenna, and an antenna device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern communication technology, more and more spectrum resources are being put into use, stimulating a variety of application potentials. For example, in satellite communication, C-band electromagnetic waves, thanks to their longer wavelength, are less sensitive to atmospheric attenuation, making them very suitable for applications in long-distance communication, meteorological satellites, and Earth observation. K / Ka-band electromagnetic waves, with their higher carrier frequencies, are used in high-throughput satellites (HTS) to achieve greater communication capacity, making them an ideal choice for video streaming and specialized communications. However, as the carrier frequency increases, electromagnetic signals become more susceptible to atmospheric loss, making the balance between compact structure and high radiation gain a challenge in antenna design. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide an array radiation unit, an array antenna unit, an array antenna, and an antenna device, aiming to solve the problem of the lack of an antenna in the prior art that balances compact structure and radiation gain.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: An array antenna element, for being disposed on the surface of a dielectric substrate of an antenna, includes: The first metal patch is used to be disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate; At least two strip-shaped slots are formed on the first metal patch, the strip-shaped slots extend in the same direction and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction; The second metal patch unit is embedded on the first metal patch and located between the gaps in the strip-shaped slots. The second metal patch units are arranged in an array on the first metal patch.

[0005] Optionally, each second metal patch unit includes: a second inner metal patch and a second outer metal patch, wherein the second outer metal patch is annular and surrounds the second inner metal patch, forming an annular gap with the second inner metal patch.

[0006] Optionally, the second inner metal patch is rectangular, and the shape of the second outer metal patch is the same as that of the second inner metal patch, with the second inner metal patch and the second outer metal patch being concentrically arranged.

[0007] Optionally, three strip-shaped slots are opened, and four second metal patch units are set, with the four second metal patch units distributed in a 2*2 array on the first metal patch.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application also provide an array antenna unit, comprising: The dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked together. An array radiating unit as provided in the embodiments of this application is disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a feeding gap is disposed on a first surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0009] Optionally, an SMA transition structure is provided on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate. The SMA transition structure includes vias, pads, and microstrip feed structures. The vias and pads are used to connect the SMA connector.

[0010] Optionally, the array radiation element includes four elements, which are distributed in a 2*2 array.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application also provide an array antenna, comprising: a plurality of array antenna elements as provided in embodiments of this application, arranged in an array.

[0012] Optionally, the outer edge of the array antenna can be configured as a dummy element.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides an antenna device, including: a K-band feed pyramid horn antenna, a Ka-band feed pyramid horn antenna, a support structure, and an array antenna as provided in this application embodiment. The array antenna, the K-band feed pyramid horn antenna, and the Ka-band feed pyramid horn antenna are disposed on the support structure.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application provides an array radiating unit, an array antenna unit, an array antenna, and an antenna device. The array radiating unit uses a first metal patch as a base to mount the entire array surface on the antenna's dielectric substrate. The strip slots formed on the array constitute a K-band reflection array. By setting the length of the strip slots, the reflection phase in the K-band can be obtained. The second metal patch unit embedded between the strip slots constitutes a Ka-band reflection array. By scaling its size, the reflection phase in the Ka-band can be obtained. The combination of the array radiating units constitutes a C-band phased array and shares a radiating structure with the K and Ka-band reflection array antennas. The structure is compact, and the arrangement of the three frequencies can improve the aperture reuse rate of the common aperture antenna, significantly improving the gain effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array radiation unit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array antenna unit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3A top view of the array antenna unit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding slot in the array antenna element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the SMA transition structure in the array antenna unit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the array antenna provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reflection phase and amplitude of the K-band reflection array element in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the reflection phase and amplitude of the Ka-band reflection array element in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the change of the active VSWR of the C-band phased array element with the scanning angle during scanning in the E-plane embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the change of the active VSWR of the C-band phased array element with the scanning angle during H-plane scanning in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the surface phase distribution of the K-band reflector array in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the surface phase distribution of the Ka-band reflector array in an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of beam scanning in the E plane when the C-band phased array antenna operates at 5.5 GHz in an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of beam scanning in the H plane when the C-band phased array antenna operates at 5.5 GHz in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This is the radiation pattern of the K-band reflector array antenna in the E-plane in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is the radiation pattern of the K-band reflector array antenna in the H-plane in the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is the radiation pattern of the Ka-band reflector array antenna in the E-plane in the embodiments of this application; Figure 19 This is the radiation pattern of the Ka-band reflector array antenna in the H-plane in the embodiments of this application; Labels in the diagram: 1-First metal patch, 2-Second outer metal patch, 3-Second inner metal patch, 4-Strip slot, 5-Feed slot, 6-Via, 7-Pad, 8-Microstrip feed structure, 9-SMA connector, 10-First dielectric substrate, 11-Second dielectric substrate, 12-Array antenna, 13-First support structure, 14-Second support structure, 15-K-band feed pyramid horn antenna, 16-Ka-band feed pyramid horn antenna, 17-Support structure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0018] With the development of modern communication technology, more and more spectrum resources are being put into use, stimulating a variety of application potentials. For example, in satellite communication, C-band electromagnetic waves, thanks to their longer wavelength, are insensitive to atmospheric attenuation, making them ideal for long-distance communication, meteorological satellites, and Earth observation. K / Ka-band electromagnetic waves, with their higher carrier frequencies, are used in high-throughput satellites (HTS) to achieve greater communication capacity, making them an ideal choice for video streaming and specialized communications. However, as the carrier frequency increases, electromagnetic signals become more susceptible to atmospheric loss, thus requiring increased radiation gain in transmitting or receiving antennas to ensure longer transmission distances. Antennas, as the medium facilitating electromagnetic wave conversion between communication systems and free space, play a crucial role. Among numerous designs, multi-frequency common-aperture array antennas have attracted considerable attention due to their compact structure and high radiation gain, effectively meeting the needs of modern communication systems.

[0019] Multi-frequency common-aperture array antennas can be classified into three types based on the characteristics of their radiated beams at different frequencies: antenna arrays with fixed radiation directions at each frequency, antenna arrays with scannable radiated beams at different frequencies, and antenna arrays combining fixed radiation directions with scannable beams. The first type includes directly fed antenna arrays and open-feed transmission / reflection arrays. Directly fed antenna arrays rely on carefully designed feed networks. These feed networks depend on multiple operating frequencies, low mutual energy coupling, and low spatial interleaving. However, as the array size increases, the loss of the feed network also increases, as seen in multi-frequency slot antennas and multi-frequency patch array antennas based on substrate-integrated waveguides. In contrast, open-feed transmission / reflection array antennas allow energy from the feed source to directly illuminate the array surface, which simplifies the feed structure, reduces losses, and achieves high radiation gain by increasing the array size.

[0020] The second type mainly includes multi-frequency phased array antennas. These arrays offer flexible beam control and multi-channel functionality, providing powerful capabilities for space communication and sensing. However, resolving energy coupling between multi-frequency phased arrays is a significant challenge in achieving beam scanning at different frequencies, especially when the antennas operate at similar frequencies. Furthermore, these arrays incorporate more complex TR components, posing new challenges to system complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0021] The third type is a co-aperture antenna that incorporates both reflective / transmittive and phased array elements. Generally, phased array antennas with beam scanning capabilities operate at low frequencies, while reflective and transmittive array antennas with high gain operate at high frequencies. This design fully utilizes the advantages of both types of antennas, making it well-suited for multi-frequency and long-distance communication systems. Significant progress has been made in the development of this type of array antenna in recent years. However, challenges remain in further improving the operating frequency bandwidth, beam scanning capability, and radiation gain within the constraints of achieving a compact and low-profile design.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide an array antenna unit, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a first metal patch 1 for being disposed on the surface of a dielectric substrate; at least two strip-shaped slots 4 formed on the first metal patch 1, the strip-shaped slots 4 extending in the same direction and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction; and a second metal patch unit embedded on the first metal patch 1 and located between the spacing of the strip-shaped slots 4, the second metal patch unit being arranged in an array on the first metal patch 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the entire array can be mounted on the dielectric substrate of the antenna using the first metal patch 1 as a base. The strip slots 4 formed on the array constitute a K-band reflection array. By setting the length of the strip slots 4, the reflection phase in the K-band can be obtained. The second metal patch units embedded between the strip slots 4 constitute a Ka-band reflection array. By scaling its size, the reflection phase in the Ka-band can be obtained. The combination of array radiating units constitutes a C-band phased array, which shares a radiation structure with the K and Ka-band reflection array antennas. The structure is compact, and the arrangement of the three frequencies can improve the aperture reuse rate of the common aperture antenna, resulting in a significant improvement in gain.

[0024] In one embodiment, each second metal patch unit includes: a second inner metal patch 3 and a second outer metal patch 2. The second outer metal patch 2 is annular and surrounds the second inner metal patch 3, forming an annular gap with the second inner metal patch. Further, the second inner metal patch 3 is rectangular, and the shape of the second outer metal patch 2 is the same as that of the second inner metal patch 3. The second inner metal patch 3 and the second outer metal patch 2 are concentrically arranged.

[0025] As described above, the patches are evenly distributed to ensure the antenna's effectiveness during operation, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown, when the second inner metal patch 3 is set as a square, the second outer metal patch 2 is set as the same square structure, but its size is larger than that of the inner patch. This concentric arrangement ensures a uniform width of the annular gap. (See attached image.) Figure 1 As shown, with three strip slots 4 and four second metal patch units, the four second metal patch units are arranged in a 2*2 array on the first metal patch 1. These four second metal patch units form a Ka-band reflector array antenna unit. By changing the size of the Ka-band unit, the reflection phase in the Ka-band can be obtained. Similarly, the three strip slots 4 form a K-band reflector array antenna unit. By changing the length of the longitudinal slots, the reflection phase in the K-band can be obtained.

[0026] By using slot coupling feeding, the TM on the surface of a 2*2 square patch cell can be excited under periodic boundary conditions. 10 Mode and Inversion™ 20The mode achieves low profile, wide operating bandwidth, and wide-angle scanning characteristics. After analyzing its operating characteristics, K / Ka reflector array elements were added to the surface structure of the patch element. Notably, the mode on the 2*2 patch element is largely unaffected, allowing it to effectively function as a C-band phased array element. Final verification results show that the relative operating frequency bandwidth of the C-band phased array is 45.92% (4.21GHz~6.72GHz), and the scanning angles of the E-plane and H-plane are ±60° and ±45°, respectively. The 3dB relative gain bandwidth of the K-band and Ka-band reflector array antennas are 10.65% (19.12GHz~21.27GHz) and 13.99% (25.67GHz~29.53GHz), respectively, with aperture efficiencies of 37.5% and 41.83%.

[0027] Based on the same inventive concept as the foregoing embodiments, this application also provides an array antenna unit, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2-5 As shown, it includes: a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate including a first dielectric substrate 10 and a second dielectric substrate 11 stacked together, an array radiation unit as provided in the embodiments of this application is provided on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 10, and a power feeding gap 5 is provided on the first surface of the second dielectric substrate 11.

[0028] As described above, the first dielectric substrate 10 is an attached... Figure 2 The upper dielectric substrate shown is illustrated, and the lower dielectric substrate is the second dielectric substrate 11. The first surface of the component is the upper surface in the vertical direction, and the second surface is the lower surface. The dielectric substrate material can be RF-35 with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a loss tangent of 0.0018. The upper substrate thickness is 2 mm, and the lower substrate thickness is 0.762 mm. (See attached diagram) Figure 4 As shown, the power supply gap is a narrow rectangle, and a similar feature can also be provided on the lower surface of the lower substrate. Figure 5 The SMA transition structure shown is used to further form a usable antenna element. The SMA transition structure may include vias 6, pads 7, and a microstrip feed structure 8. Vias 6 and pads 7 are used to connect to the SMA connector 9. The SMA connector is an ultra-miniature coaxial cable connector, named after the Sub-Miniature A connector. This connector is widely used in the RF and microwave industries, primarily for transmitting RF signals at frequencies up to 18 GHz or higher. The microstrip feed structure 8 gradually widens the microstrip line connected to the inner conductor of the SMA to a 50-ohm impedance, achieving coupled excitation.

[0029] Furthermore, the array radiation element comprises four units, which are arranged in a 2x2 array, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3As shown, 2*2 Ka-band reflector array elements, i.e., the second metal patch elements, form the constituent units of an antenna array. Four constituent units form an array antenna element, which integrates longitudinal slots for the K-band and patches for the Ka-band. By adjusting the size of the K-band longitudinal slots and the Ka-band patches, the reflection phase shift at these two frequencies can be obtained, thereby realizing the beam radiation of the reflector array antenna.

[0030] Based on the same inventive concept as the foregoing embodiments, this application also provides an array antenna, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a plurality of array antenna elements arranged in an array as provided in the embodiments of this application. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 Taking the 2x2 array radiating element shown as an example, and then using a 2x2 array antenna element as the smallest unit of the array antenna, we obtain the attached... Figure 6 The array antenna 12 in the middle has a C-band phased array size of 10*10. Furthermore, in order to suppress the truncation effect, the outermost ring of elements of the phased array is regarded as dummy elements, that is, the outer edge of the array antenna is set as dummy elements. Therefore, the size of the active phased array element is 8*8, the size of the K-band reflection array element is 20*20, and the size of the Ka-band reflection array element is 40*40.

[0031] Based on the same inventive concept as the foregoing embodiments, this application also provides an antenna device, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 As shown, it includes: a K-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 15, a Ka-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 16, a support structure 17, and an array antenna 12 as provided in the embodiments of this application. The array antenna 12, the K-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 15, and the Ka-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 16 are disposed on the support structure 17. A first support structure 13 and a second support structure 14 may be further provided as support and connection structures for the K-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 15 and the Ka-band feed pyramidal horn antenna 16, respectively, so that they are mounted on the support structure 17.

[0032] As attached Figure 8The diagram shows the reflection phase and amplitude of the K-band reflector array element in an embodiment of this application. In the diagram, L0 represents the length of the strip slit 4. As L0 increases from 2.0 mm to 6.0 mm, the reflection phase monotonically decreases by approximately 630° across three frequencies. Reflection amplitude resonance points are observed near L0 = 2.75 mm (21 GHz), L0 = 3.25 mm (20 GHz), and L0 = 3.75 mm (19 GHz), where the reflection phase drops sharply. Taking the 20 GHz curve as an example, the reflection phase decreases by 270° when L0 increases from 3.0 mm to 3.5 mm. This large phase shift, combined with the current manufacturing precision, may introduce significant phase errors, thereby reducing the bandwidth of the RA. Furthermore, the smaller reflection amplitude at the resonance point may reduce the aperture efficiency of the RA. However, when L0 is between 4.0 mm and 6.0 mm, the reflection amplitude remains above -0.3 dB, the phase response is stable, and the phase shift is approximately 300°, which helps to minimize phase errors. Furthermore, the consistent gradient of the phase shift curve at different frequencies enhances the bandwidth of the RA.

[0033] Appendix Figure 9 The diagram shows the reflection phase and amplitude of a Ka-band reflector array element in an embodiment of this application. K0 is the size parameter of the Ka-band reflector array element, controlling its scaling. It can be observed that at 30 GHz, the phase response curve changes drastically around K0 = 2.2 mm. However, when the frequency increases from 26 GHz to 29 GHz, K0 exhibits a gently decreasing reflection phase response curve within the range of 0.8 mm to 2.3 mm, with the reflection amplitude remaining above -0.75 dB. Considering the overall performance across the entire frequency band, K0 within the range of 0.8 mm to 2.3 mm can be considered a stable region. At 28 GHz, the reflection amplitude of the Ka-band RA element within the stable region remains above -0.4 dB, with a reflection phase change of approximately 328°.

[0034] As attached Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 The figures show schematics illustrating the variation of active VSWR of a C-band phased array element with scanning angle during E-plane and H-plane scanning, respectively. Using a VSWR < 3 as the impedance matching criterion, the bandwidth remains stable as the scanning angle Theta increases from 0° to 60° during E-plane scanning. However, in the H-plane, VSWR increases significantly with increasing Theta. At a 45° scanning angle, VSWR remains below 3 in most operating frequency bands, but exceeds 3 in most operating frequency bands when the angle increases to 60°. Based on simulation results of normal radiation patterns at different frequencies and VSWR at different scanning angles, the potential of C-band phased array elements to scan up to ±60° in the E-plane and ±45° in the H-plane is demonstrated.

[0035] As attached Figure 12 and attached Figure 13 The figures shown are schematic diagrams of the surface phase distribution of the K-band and Ka-band reflective arrays in embodiments of this application.

[0036] As attached Figure 14 and attached Figure 15 The figures show beam scanning diagrams in the E-plane and H-plane of the C-band phased array antenna operating at 5.5 GHz in this embodiment of the application. Test results show that the scanning gain loss in the E-plane is 2.78 dB and 3.07 dB at θ=60° and θ=-60°, respectively, and the scanning gain loss in the H-plane is 1.82 dB and 3.11 dB at θ=45° and θ=-45°, respectively. The peak gain in the beam normal direction is 17.22 dBi, and the aperture efficiency is 86.88%. The sidelobe levels in the E-plane and H-plane are 12.53 dB and 15.02 dB, respectively. The measurement results of the phased array are in excellent agreement with the simulation results, achieving a beam scanning range of ±60° in the E-plane and ±45° in the H-plane.

[0037] As attached Figure 16 and attached Figure 17 The figures shown are the radiation patterns of the K-band reflector array antenna in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively, according to embodiments of this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 16 For the E-plane, the radiation direction of the K-band reflective array antenna is perpendicular to the array surface. The actual gain in this direction is 26.73 dBi, corresponding to an aperture efficiency of 37.5%, and the measured sidelobe suppression level is -15.72 dB. (See attached image.) Figure 17 The radiation performance in the H-plane is shown, with a sidelobe suppression level of -16.79 dB. Furthermore, the result indicates a cross-polarization level below -41.47 dB.

[0038] As attached Figure 18 and attached Figure 19 The figures show the radiation patterns of the Ka-band reflector array antenna in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively, in this embodiment of the application. The peak gain is 30.13 dBi, and the aperture efficiency is 41.83%. The sidelobe suppression level in the E-plane is -24.89 dB, the sidelobe level in the H-plane is -19.36 dB, and the cross-polarization level is -19.63 dB.

[0039] Through the above implementation method, a three-band array antenna design was realized using two-layer dielectric substrate. The overall antenna profile height is 0.05 times the wavelength (5.5 GHz free space wavelength), which has a very low profile height and low manufacturing cost. The C-band phased array, K and Ka-band reflective array antennas share the same radiation structure, and the structures of the three frequencies are evenly arranged, achieving 100% aperture reuse rate.

[0040] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide an array radiating unit, an array antenna unit, an array antenna, and an antenna device. The array radiating unit uses a first metal patch as a base to set the entire array surface on the dielectric substrate of the antenna. The strip slots opened on it form a K-band reflection array. By setting the length of the strip slots, the reflection phase in the K-band can be obtained. The second metal patch unit embedded between the strip slots forms a Ka-band reflection array. By scaling its size, the reflection phase in the Ka-band can be obtained. The combination of the array radiating units forms a C-band phased array and shares a radiating structure with the K and Ka-band reflection array antennas. The structure is compact, and the arrangement of the three frequencies can improve the aperture reuse rate of the common aperture antenna, and the gain effect is significantly improved.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An array radiation unit, characterized in that, For mounting on the surface of a dielectric substrate of an antenna, including: The first metal patch is used to be disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate; At least two strip-shaped slots are formed on the first metal patch, the strip-shaped slots extend in the same direction and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction; The second metal patch unit is embedded on the first metal patch and located between the gaps of the strip-shaped slots. The second metal patch units are arranged in an array on the first metal patch.

2. The array radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the second metal patch units includes: a second inner metal patch and a second outer metal patch, wherein the second outer metal patch is annular and surrounds the second inner metal patch, forming an annular gap with the second inner metal patch.

3. The array radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second inner metal patch is rectangular, and the second outer metal patch has the same shape as the second inner metal patch. The second inner metal patch and the second outer metal patch are concentrically arranged.

4. The array radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three strip-shaped gaps are made, and four second metal patch units are provided. The four second metal patch units are distributed in a 2*2 array on the first metal patch.

5. An array antenna element, characterized in that, include: The dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked together. An array radiating unit as described in any one of claims 1-4 is disposed on a first surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a feeding gap is disposed on the first surface of the second dielectric substrate.

6. The array antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, An SMA transition structure is provided on the second surface of the second dielectric substrate. The SMA transition structure includes vias, pads, and microstrip feed structures. The vias and pads are used to connect to the SMA connector.

7. The array antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The array radiation unit comprises four units, which are arranged in a 2x2 array.

8. An array antenna, characterized in that, include: Multiple array antenna elements as described in any one of claims 5-7, arranged in an array.

9. The array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer edge of the array antenna is configured as a dummy element.

10. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The K-band feed pyramidal horn antenna, the Ka-band feed pyramidal horn antenna, the support structure, and the array antenna as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein the array antenna, the K-band feed pyramidal horn antenna, and the Ka-band feed pyramidal horn antenna are disposed on the support structure.

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