CO2 mineralization and storage device and method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface regulation and control

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, utilization and storage, and particularly discloses a CO2 mineralization and storage device and method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface regulation, the device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection system and a monitoring system, a paddle is rotatably arranged in the reaction kettle, a distributed heating system is further arranged in the reaction kettle, and the injection system is connected with the monitoring system. The reaction kettle is used for establishing an axial temperature gradient in the reaction kettle, and an ultrasonic-microwave coupling generation device is arranged outside the reaction kettle in a surrounding manner; the injection system comprises a CO2 injection device and an atomized water injection device, and further comprises a plurality of porous rings arranged at intervals in the depth direction of the reaction kettle, a plurality of spray holes are formed in the inner peripheries of the porous rings at intervals in the circumferential direction, the directions of the spray holes are tangent to the circumferential direction of the porous rings, and porous media are embedded in the spray holes; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the temperature, humidity and pressure in the reaction kettle. According to the method, through temperature gradient induction and dynamic humidity regulation and control, the CO2 diffusion rate and the surface reaction rate are synchronously increased, and the mineralization efficiency and the product stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon capture, utilization and storage technology, and in particular to a CO2 mineralization and storage device and method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral carbonation sequestration technology, as one of the key pathways for carbon capture, utilization and sequestration, achieves permanent solidification of CO2 by reacting CO2 with calcium / magnesium-based minerals (such as mine tailings, basalt, etc.) to generate stable carbonates. However, existing mineralization reaction devices have the following shortcomings: (1) Traditional stirred reactors are difficult to effectively control the behavior of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface, and the diffusion rate of CO2 gas in the slurry is insufficient, resulting in the reaction kinetics being limited by the interphase mass transfer resistance; (2) Most devices adopt isothermal operation mode, lacking coordinated control of temperature gradient field and humidity field, making it difficult to match the differentiated rate requirements of CO2 dissolution and mineral dissolution; (3) Differences in the particle size distribution of mineral raw materials (such as basalt and peridotite) are prone to local agglomeration, and existing stirring structures are difficult to achieve simultaneous particle crushing and uniform mixing, resulting in insufficient renewal of the reaction interface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a CO2 mineralization and storage device and method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control.

[0004] The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface regulation, comprising: The reactor is equipped with a rotating paddle and a distributed heating system to establish an axial temperature gradient within the reactor. An ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator is arranged around the outside of the reactor. The injection system includes a CO2 injection device and an atomized water injection device, and also includes a plurality of porous rings spaced apart along the depth direction of the reactor. The porous rings are connected to the CO2 injection device and the atomized water injection device. A plurality of nozzles are spaced apart along the inner circumference of the porous rings. The nozzles are tangent to the circumferential direction of the porous rings, so that a swirling flow field is formed when CO2 is injected. The nozzles are embedded with porous media for generating CO2 microbubbles. A monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, and pressure inside the reactor.

[0005] This application accelerates the dissolution and mass transfer of CO2 at the bottom through an axial temperature gradient, while suppressing steam escape at a low temperature at the top; an ultrasonic-microwave coupled generator breaks up mineral agglomerates, exposing fresh reaction interfaces; a tangential nozzle design combined with porous media generates CO2 microbubbles, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the gas-liquid interface; thereby achieving multiphase synergy to improve mineralization efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, the blade is a double-layered staggered six-bladed turbine blade, comprising an asynchronously rotating upper blade and a lower blade.

[0007] The upper blades with a large inclination angle form an axial vortex, while the lower blades with a small inclination angle enhance radial mixing. Asynchronous rotation generates a shear force gradient, which improves the agglomeration problem of mineral raw materials caused by particle size differences and enhances the uniformity of the reaction.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance between the upper and lower blades is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the reactor, and the tilt angle of the upper blade is greater than that of the lower blade.

[0009] Appropriate interlayer spacing ensures full coverage of the flow field. The large tilt angle of the upper blades and the small tilt angle of the lower blades work together to create three-dimensional turbulence, improve the suspension rate of mineral particles, and increase the amount of mineralization per unit time.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the spray nozzle is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the spacing between the nozzles is 3-5 mm.

[0011] The appropriate aperture and aperture spacing are combined to form a high-density tangential jet, which, together with the porous medium, controls the CO2 bubble particle size to the nanoscale, and the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient is significantly higher than that of the traditional direct injection design.

[0012] Furthermore, the axial temperature gradient in the reactor satisfies the following conditions: bottom temperature 50-80℃, top temperature 25-50℃, and axial temperature gradient ≤5℃ / cm.

[0013] A bottom temperature of 50-80℃ promotes CO2 dissolution, a top temperature of 25-50℃ inhibits water vapor escape, and an axial temperature gradient of ≤5℃ / cm avoids local thermal stress and improves product stability.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a feedback control system for adjusting the operating parameters of the propeller, the ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator, the CO2 injection device, and the atomized water injection device.

[0015] Real-time linkage adjustment of blade speed, ultrasonic-microwave power, CO2 flow rate and atomized water volume maintains a dynamic balance window of temperature gradient, humidity and pressure, thereby improving the stability of mineralization reaction and reducing energy consumption.

[0016] This application also provides a CO2 mineralization and storage method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, employing the aforementioned CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, and the method includes the following steps: After adding the mineralized raw materials into the reactor, seal the reactor. Start the paddle agitator and activate the distributed heating system to establish an axial temperature gradient within the reactor. The humidity inside the reactor is adjusted by the atomizing water injection device, and the CO2 injection device and the ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator are started simultaneously. CO2 microbubbles form a swirling flow field through tangential nozzles. Based on pressure feedback, the CO2 injection flow rate is dynamically adjusted, and after 2-4 hours of reaction, the mineralized products are discharged.

[0017] By matching the thermodynamic requirements of CO2 dissolution (endothermic) and carbonate crystallization (exothermic) with an axial temperature gradient, extending the residence time of CO2 microbubbles through a tangential swirling flow field, and preventing local overheating through intermittent ultrasonic pulses, the crystallinity of the product is improved.

[0018] Furthermore, the ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator operates in pulse mode with a vibration frequency of 20-40kHz, and each cycle lasts 50-60s followed by a 10-20s interval.

[0019] Ultrasonic waves utilize cavitation to generate instantaneous high-pressure microjets, breaking up mineral aggregates and cutting CO2 bubbles to the nanoscale, thus increasing the gas-liquid mass transfer surface area. Simultaneously, mechanical vibration activates the mineral surface, increasing the ion dissolution rate. Microwaves achieve rapid temperature homogenization of the slurry phase through dielectric heating, selectively polarizing CO2 molecules to weaken C=O bond energy and promote carbonation. Ultrasonic-microwave coupling avoids energy interference, and the synergistic effect of cavitation and molecular excitation further enhances the mineral dissolution rate, breaking the stepwise efficiency limitations of traditional reactors' "mixing-mass transfer-reaction" process. A pulse cycle of 50-60 seconds of operation followed by 10-20 seconds of intermittent operation avoids the decay of acoustic cavitation, maintaining peak mineral breaking efficiency while reducing equipment energy consumption.

[0020] Furthermore, the step of dynamically adjusting the CO2 injection flow rate based on pressure feedback includes: when the pressure is >1.5MPa, the CO2 injection rate is reduced to 50-150mL / min, and the pressure is maintained at 1.0-1.5MPa.

[0021] The CO2 injection flow rate is dynamically adjusted based on pressure feedback to ensure safe low-pressure operation while maintaining the optimal supersaturation for carbonate nucleation, thereby improving product stability.

[0022] Furthermore, the mineralized raw materials are calcium- and magnesium-based minerals, including mine tailings, basalt, or peridotite.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By designing an axial temperature gradient, a differentiated temperature field is constructed within the reactor: the high-temperature zone at the bottom accelerates CO2 dissolution and mass transfer, while the low-temperature zone at the top suppresses water vapor escape, maintaining a humid environment for the reaction. Combined with a dynamic humidity balance system, this avoids mineral surface passivation caused by low humidity and water film mass transfer resistance caused by high humidity, ensuring that the solid-liquid interface is in a metastable supersaturated state and that crystals grow in an orderly manner. This synergistic mechanism enables the CO2 diffusion rate and surface reaction rate to be increased simultaneously, improving the reaction stagnation problem caused by kinetic mismatch in traditional isothermal processes. 2. Through the synergistic effect of tangential CO2 injection via a porous distribution ring and porous media, nanoscale microbubbles are formed. Combined with asynchronous stirring by double-layered staggered impellers, the specific surface area of ​​the gas-liquid interface is increased. Simultaneously, ultrasonic-microwave pulses efficiently break up mineral aggregates, exposing fresh reaction interfaces. This multi-field synergistic mechanism helps to improve the CO2 mineralization reaction rate and product stability, with the mineralization rate per unit time increasing by 100% compared to traditional stirring devices. 3. By adjusting the blade speed and ultrasonic power, it can be adapted to various mineral raw materials such as basalt (high hardness) and peridotite (porous). Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Pressure gauge; 2. Thermometer; 3. Ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator; 4. Reactor; 401. Porous ring; 402. Porous medium; 403. Double-layer staggered six-bladed turbine impeller; 5. Distributed heating system; 501. CO2 injection device; 502. Atomized water injection device; 6. Humidity sensor; 7. Inlet; 8. Wedge-shaped locking ring; 9. Thread; 10. Inlet cap. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0027] This application discloses a CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, including a reactor 4, an injection system, a monitoring system, and a feedback control system.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The upper part of the reactor 4 is provided with a sample inlet 7. The sample inlet cover 10 is sealed to the sample inlet 7 by a wedge-shaped locking ring 8 and a thread 9. The interior of the reactor 4 is a closed space where mineral raw materials and CO2 undergo a mineralization reaction.

[0029] Reference Figure 1The reactor 4 is equipped with a double-layered staggered six-bladed turbine blade 403, which includes an asynchronously rotating upper blade and a lower blade. The speed difference between the upper blade and the lower blade is 5-10 r / min, and the distance between them is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the reactor 4. The tilt angle of the upper blade is 45°, and the tilt angle of the lower blade is 30°.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The reactor 4 is equipped with a distributed heating system 5, which uses a sandwich-filled graphene thermally conductive network to establish an axial temperature gradient within the reactor 4. The bottom temperature of the reactor 4 is 50-80℃, the top temperature is 25-50℃, and the axial temperature gradient is ≤5℃ / cm. An ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator 3 is arranged around the outside of the reactor 4.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 The injection system includes a CO2 injection device 501 and an atomized water injection device 502, and also includes multiple porous rings 401 spaced apart along the depth direction of the reactor 4. The porous rings 401 are coaxial with the reactor 4 and are connected to the CO2 injection device 501 and the atomized water injection device 502. Multiple nozzles are spaced apart along the inner circumference of the porous rings 401. The nozzle diameter is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the nozzle spacing is 3-5 mm. The nozzle orientation is tangent to the circumferential direction of the porous rings 401, creating a swirling flow field during CO2 injection. Porous medium 402, specifically porous SiO2, is embedded within the nozzles to generate nano / micron-sized CO2 microbubbles.

[0032] The monitoring system includes a thermometer 2, a humidity sensor 6 (dew point sensor) and a pressure gauge 1 installed on the sample inlet cover 10, which are used to monitor the temperature, humidity and pressure inside the reactor 4.

[0033] The feedback control system optimizes parameters based on the dynamic interface energy barrier control equation and multi-field synergistic enhancement factor, and adjusts the blade speed, ultrasonic-microwave power, CO2 flow rate and atomized water volume in real time to maintain the dynamic balance window of temperature gradient, humidity and pressure.

[0034] This application accelerates the dissolution and mass transfer of CO2 at the bottom through an axial temperature gradient and suppresses steam escape at a low temperature at the top; an ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator 3 breaks up mineral agglomerates and exposes fresh reaction interfaces; a tangential nozzle design combined with porous medium 402 generates CO2 microbubbles, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the gas-liquid interface; thereby achieving multiphase synergy to improve mineralization efficiency.

[0035] Using the aforementioned CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, a CO2 mineralization and storage method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control is implemented, comprising the following steps: Step 1: After adding mineral raw material powder (mine tailings, basalt or peridotite) into reactor 4, seal reactor 4.

[0036] Step 2: Start the impeller to stir at a speed of 50-200 r / min to form turbulence, start the distributed heating system 5, and establish an axial temperature gradient of 50-80℃ at the bottom and 25-50℃ at the top in the reactor 4.

[0037] Step 3: Adjust the humidity inside the reactor 4 to 65%-85%RH using the atomized water injection device 502, and simultaneously start the CO2 injection device 501 and the ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator 3. CO2 microbubbles form a swirling flow field through the tangential nozzles. The ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator 3 operates in pulse mode with a vibration frequency of 20-40kHz, working for 50-60 seconds per cycle and then pausing for 10-20 seconds.

[0038] Step 4: Dynamically adjust the CO2 injection flow rate based on pressure feedback. When the pressure gauge 1 detects a pressure > 1.5 MPa, reduce the CO2 injection rate to 50-150 mL / min and maintain the pressure at 1.0-1.5 MPa. After 2-4 hours of reaction, discharge the mineralized products.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, characterized in that: include: The reactor is equipped with a rotating paddle and a distributed heating system to establish an axial temperature gradient within the reactor. An ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator is arranged around the outside of the reactor. The injection system includes a CO2 injection device and an atomized water injection device, and also includes a plurality of porous rings spaced apart along the depth direction of the reactor. The porous rings are connected to the CO2 injection device and the atomized water injection device. A plurality of nozzles are spaced apart along the inner circumference of the porous rings. The nozzles are tangent to the circumferential direction of the porous rings, so that a swirling flow field is formed when CO2 is injected. The nozzles are embedded with porous media for generating CO2 microbubbles. A monitoring system is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, and pressure inside the reactor.

2. The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades are double-layered staggered six-bladed turbine blades, including an asynchronously rotating upper blade and a lower blade.

3. The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the upper and lower blades is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the reactor, and the tilt angle of the upper blade is greater than that of the lower blade.

4. The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle diameter is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the nozzle spacing is 3-5 mm.

5. The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial temperature gradient in the reactor must meet the following requirements: bottom temperature 50-80℃, top temperature 25-50℃, and axial temperature gradient ≤5℃ / cm.

6. The CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feedback control system for adjusting the operating parameters of the blades, ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator, CO2 injection device, and atomized water injection device.

7. A CO2 mineralization and storage method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control, employing the CO2 mineralization and storage device based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: After adding the mineralized raw materials into the reactor, seal the reactor. Start the paddle agitator and activate the distributed heating system to establish an axial temperature gradient within the reactor. The humidity inside the reactor is adjusted by the atomizing water injection device, and the CO2 injection device and the ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator are started simultaneously. CO2 microbubbles form a swirling flow field through tangential nozzles. Based on pressure feedback, the CO2 injection flow rate is dynamically adjusted, and after 2-4 hours of reaction, the mineralized products are discharged.

8. The CO2 mineralization and sequestration method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic-microwave coupling generator operates in pulse mode with a vibration frequency of 20-40kHz, and each cycle lasts 50-60s followed by a 10-20s interval.

9. A CO2 mineralization and sequestration method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps for dynamically adjusting the CO2 injection flow rate based on pressure feedback include: when the pressure is >1.5MPa, the CO2 injection rate is reduced to 50-150mL / min, and the pressure is maintained at 1.0-1.5MPa.

10. A CO2 mineralization and sequestration method based on multi-field coupling and multi-phase interface control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mineral raw materials are calcium- and magnesium-based minerals, including mine tailings, basalt, or peridotite.

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