A rail profiling grinder and method of use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of track maintenance, and discloses a steel rail profiling grinder, which comprises a frame body, a polishing component and a detection component arranged on the frame body, and a first linear module for driving the polishing component and the detection component to move synchronously, the detection component comprises a fourth movable support connected with the first linear module, the fourth movable support is provided with a fifth movable support and a fourth linear module for driving the fifth movable support to move, the end of the fifth movable support is provided with three detection assemblies, the detection assembly comprises a connecting support connected with the fifth movable support, the connecting support is rotatably provided with a mounting ring, the mounting ring is slidably provided with a connecting shaft along the axial line direction, one end of the connecting shaft facing the steel rail is provided with a detection support, the detection support is provided with a detection component, and the connecting support is provided with a self-centering piece.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of track maintenance, in particular to the field of rail grinding, and particularly relates to a rail profiling grinder and a method for using the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] When trains, high-speed trains and the like are running, they will cause wear and tear to the rails, such as the formation of extruded fat edges on the inner side of the rails and the formation of wear and tear on the tread of the rails, and the like. Therefore, the rails need to be maintained. Rail profiling grinding is one of the ways to maintain the rails, which can effectively prolong the service life of the rails.

[0003] Based on the search for rail grinding, a Chinese invention patent was found, with the authorization announcement number CN111809462B, which discloses detecting the profile and corrugation of the rail by using a detection system, and a grinding operation control system corresponding to the grinding of the rail according to the detection data of the detection system, so as to realize the purpose of intelligent grinding of the rail. According to the patent document, the combination of rail profile detection and rail grinding system is the development trend of current rail grinding technology. Since the grinding system is based on the profile detection data to perform corresponding grinding action, the accuracy of the profile detection data is one of the important factors affecting the grinding quality.

[0004] The profile detection device and the corrugation detection device in the patent document are installed below the vehicle frame or on the bogie to detect the profile and corrugation of the rail. In the prior art, the rail is not a straight line with a constant height, but also has an arc-shaped curved rail when turning, and an upwardly inclined or downwardly inclined rail due to the slope. When the grinding equipment passes through the connection between these rails and straight rails, the probes of the profile detection device and the corrugation detection device are not vertically arranged with the connection between the rails, so there will be errors in the detection and the corresponding algorithm is needed to correct, which is not only troublesome, but also easy to cause detection errors and lead to grinding errors.

[0005] Based on the above, the present application provides a rail profiling grinder and a method for using the same. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problems mentioned in the above background, the present application provides a rail profiling grinder and a method for using the same.

[0007] To achieve the above technical purposes, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows.

[0008] A rail profiling grinder, comprising a vehicle frame body capable of moving on a rail, a grinding member and a detection member are arranged on the vehicle frame body, and a first linear module is arranged on the vehicle frame body for driving the two members to move synchronously along the length direction of the vehicle frame body;

[0009] The detection component includes a fourth movable bracket connected to the first linear module, a fifth movable bracket and a fourth linear module that drives the fifth movable bracket to move on the fourth movable bracket, the fifth movable bracket moves in the vertical direction, and three detection components are provided at the end of the fifth movable bracket.

[0010] The detection assembly includes a connecting bracket connected to the fifth movable bracket. A mounting ring is rotatably mounted on the connecting bracket, and a connecting shaft is slidably mounted inside the mounting ring along the axis. Of the three detection assemblies, one detection assembly is located directly above the rail and the axis of the mounting ring is perpendicular to the tread surface a. The remaining two detection assemblies are located on both sides of the rail and the axis of the mounting ring is perpendicular to the side surface b of the rail.

[0011] A detection bracket is installed at the end of the connecting shaft facing the rail, and a detection component is installed on the detection bracket. A self-centering component is installed on the connecting bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting rod is mounted on one end of the connecting shaft via a bearing, and a fifth linear module is mounted on the connecting bracket to move the connecting rod. The direction of movement of the connecting rod is parallel to the axis of the connecting shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-centering component includes a sway bar, one end of which is provided with a sleeve hole, and the connecting shaft is coaxially sleeved in the sleeve hole, and the two form a sliding connection along the axis direction.

[0014] The self-centering component also includes two centering plates located on both sides of the eccentric lever, and a centering spring is provided on the opposite side of each of the two centering plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the detection components include side discs mounted on the detection bracket. The centerline of the side disc in the detection component located directly above the rail tread a is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame, while the centerlines of the side discs in the remaining two detection components are arranged vertically.

[0016] Two side discs are arranged along their own axis, and an inner horizontal column is arranged between the two side discs. A detection unit is arranged on the inner horizontal column, and several detection units are arranged in an array along the axis of the side discs.

[0017] Furthermore, the detection unit includes a detection ring and an inner support connected to the inner transverse column;

[0018] The inner support is provided with a guide hole, which is parallel to the connecting shaft. A guide rod is fitted inside the guide hole, and both ends of the guide rod extend out of the guide hole. An external step is provided at the end of the guide rod away from the rail, and a floating support is provided at the other end of the guide rod. A detection spring is fitted on the part of the guide rod located on the side of the guide hole facing the rail. Initially, the detection spring is in a compressed state.

[0019] The inner support is equipped with sensors for detecting the movement distance of the floating support;

[0020] The detection ring is parallel to the side disc, located outside the floating support and inner support, and connected to the floating support.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer side of the floating support is provided with at least three clamping wheels, and the outer circular surface of the clamping wheels is provided with annular grooves. The distance between the two groove walls of the annular groove decreases along the radial direction of the clamping wheel and from the outer circular surface of the clamping wheel towards the axis. The inner wall of the detection ring is composed of two inclined surfaces, which respectively fit into the two groove walls of the annular groove.

[0022] Furthermore, the outer circular surface of the detection ring near the side disc in the detection assembly is set into an arc shape and fits into the rounded corner surface c of the rail. The detection assembly corresponding to the side surface b of the rail and the detection assembly corresponding to the tread surface a of the rail are arranged in a staggered manner. With the cooperation of the three detection assemblies, each position of the rounded corner surface c of the rail fits into the detection ring.

[0023] Furthermore, the grinding component includes a first movable bracket connected to the first linear module. The first movable bracket is provided with a second movable bracket and a second linear module for driving the second movable bracket to move. The moving direction of the second movable bracket is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame. A third movable bracket is slidably provided on the second movable bracket in the vertical direction, and a third linear module for driving the third movable bracket to move is provided between the two. The bottom of the third movable bracket is rotatably connected to a rotating bracket, and the pivot formed at the connection is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle frame. The pivot is connected to a motor provided on the third movable bracket. A grinding head is installed at the end of the rotating bracket, and a pneumatic motor for driving the grinding head to rotate is provided on the rotating bracket.

[0024] Furthermore, a mounting shaft is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating bracket. The mounting shaft is divided into a smooth section and a threaded section along the axis. A lower truncated cone is coaxially mounted on the outside of the smooth section. The outer diameter of the lower truncated cone decreases along the axis of the mounting shaft from the smooth section to the threaded section. The smooth section is connected to the rotating bracket. A nut is installed on the external thread of the threaded section. An upper truncated cone is mounted on the side of the nut facing the smooth section. The outer diameter of the upper truncated cone increases along the axis of the mounting shaft from the smooth section to the threaded section. A mounting hole is coaxially provided at the end of the grinding head. A frustum is provided at both openings of the mounting hole. When the grinding head is mounted on the mounting shaft, the upper and lower truncated cones fit against the two frustum surfaces respectively.

[0025] A method for using a rail profile grinding machine:

[0026] Step 1: Place the vehicle frame onto the rails;

[0027] The fourth linear module positions the rail between the three detection components;

[0028] The fifth linear module drives the connecting rod to move, thereby causing the detection ring of the detection component to contact the tread surface a or side surface b of the rail.

[0029] Step Two: The vehicle frame moves on the rails. During the movement:

[0030] If there are defects on the tread surface a, side surface b, and rounded corner surface c of the rail, the defects will cause the corresponding inspection ring to move away from or closer to the rail.

[0031] If there are no defects in the rail, the inspection ring will not move;

[0032] Step 3: When a defect is detected in the rail, the chassis stops moving;

[0033] The first linear module drives the grinding component and the detection component to move synchronously, so that the grinding component is located at the defect position, and the grinding component grinds the defect position.

[0034] Step 4: After grinding is completed, the grinding component and the detection component are moved in opposite directions synchronously and reset through the first linear module. The detection component is used to perform self-inspection of the grinding results.

[0035] Step 5: Repeat steps 2-4 until the rail grinding is complete.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. This solution enables the detection of rail profiles and the grinding of rails based on the detection data. Specifically: Defects in the rails are detected using a detection component to determine the defect location; the chassis stops moving; the detection component and grinding component move synchronously, positioning the grinding component at the defect location; the grinding component repairs the defect; the detection component and grinding component move in opposite directions synchronously to reset, allowing for self-inspection of the grinding results. Because the distance between the detection component and the grinding component remains constant and they move synchronously, when the detection component detects a defect, it can precisely guide the grinding component to the defect location. Using the defect location as a coordinate principle, the grinding component grinds the defect, thus achieving precise positioning and grinding, significantly improving grinding effect and efficiency.

[0038] 2. This solution can not only detect and grind the profile of the rail tread a and side b, but also, because the detection components corresponding to the rail side b and the detection components corresponding to the rail tread a are staggered, and with the cooperation of the three detection components, all positions of the rail's rounded corner surface c are in contact with the detection ring. For example, if the detection ring of the detection component corresponding to the tread a covers one-third of the rounded corner surface c, then the detection ring of the detection component corresponding to the side b will cover at least two-thirds of the remaining rounded corner surface c. Therefore, this solution can also detect and grind the profile of the rail's rounded corner surface c.

[0039] 3. Refer to Appendix Figure 8 Because the arc surface of the detection ring fits into the rounded corner surface c of the rail, the detection ring always remains in contact with the rail under this method. Therefore, regardless of whether the rail is straight, curved, or set on a slope, the detection ring of this solution always remains in contact with the surface of the rail to be ground. Thus, if there are defects on the surface of the rail to be ground, the contact detection of this solution can ensure that the distance between the sensor probe and the surface of the rail to be ground remains consistent. This avoids the problem mentioned in the background technology that "when the grinding equipment passes through the connection between these tracks and straight tracks, the probes of the profile detection device and the corrugated detection device are not perpendicular to the track connection, so the detection will have errors and require corresponding algorithm correction, which is not only troublesome, but also prone to detection errors leading to grinding errors." Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a front view of the rail;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first linear module, the grinding component, and the detection component;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding process.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic motor, grinding head, and air nozzle;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the grinding head and the mounting shaft.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the component being inspected;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rail and three detection components;

[0048] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the detection componentFigure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the detection component Figure 2 ;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a top view of the self-centering component;

[0051] Figure 12 An exploded view of the detection unit and the inner horizontal bar;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit.

[0053] The labels in the attached diagram are:

[0054] 100. Chassis body; 101. First linear module; 200. Grinding component; 201. First movable bracket; 202. Second movable bracket; 203. Second linear module; 204. Third movable bracket; 205. Third linear module; 206. Rotating bracket; 207. Motor; 208. Grinding head; 209. Pneumatic motor; 210. Air nozzle; 211. Mounting shaft; 212. Lower truncated cone; 213. Nut; 214. Upper truncated cone; 300. Detection component; 301. Fourth movable bracket; 302. Fifth movable bracket 303. Support bracket; 304. Fourth linear module; 305. Detection component; 306. Connecting bracket; 307. Detection bracket; 308. Connecting shaft; 309. Connecting rod; 310. Fifth linear module; 310. Self-centering component; 3101. Oscillating rod; 3102. Centering plate; 3103. Centering spring; 311. Side disc; 312. Inner horizontal column; 313. Detection unit; 3131. Detection ring; 3132. Inner support bracket; 3133. Floating support bracket; 3134. Guide rod; 3135. Detection spring; 3136. Sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0056] This plan is attached Figure 1 This is a front view of the rail. abc represents the various surfaces of the rail to be ground, where a is the tread surface, b is the side surface, and c is the rounded corner surface.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A rail profile grinding machine includes a frame 100, which is capable of moving on the rail. This is achievable with existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0058] The chassis 100 is equipped with a grinding component 200 and a detection component 300, both of which can move along the length of the chassis 100. Both are driven by a first linear module 101 mounted on the chassis 100, meaning they move synchronously along the length of the chassis. The technical advantage lies in the following: when the chassis 100 moves, carrying the grinding component 200 and the detection component 300 along the rail, the detection component 300 performs a profile inspection of the rail. If a defect is detected requiring grinding repair, a signal is immediately sent, and the chassis 100 stops moving. Then, the first linear module 101 pulls the grinding component 200 and the detection component 300 to move synchronously, positioning the grinding component 200 at the previous position of the detection component 300, thus performing grinding repair at that location. After grinding, the components move in the opposite direction to reset, and the detection component 300 performs a self-inspection of the grinding results. If the self-inspection is successful, the chassis 100 continues to move.

[0059] It should be noted that the chassis 100 can use automatic movement technology, such as a hub motor moving the chassis 100. When the detection component 300 detects a defect in the rail, it sends a signal to the controller, which then stops the hub motor. Alternatively, the chassis 100 can use manual movement technology, such as being pushed by a worker. When a defect is detected, a signal is sent to illuminate a warning light and emit a buzzer, prompting the worker to stop pushing. Both of these methods are achievable with existing technology and will not be elaborated upon.

[0060] 1. Grinding components 200:

[0061] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The grinding component 200 includes a first movable bracket 201 connected to the first linear module 101.

[0062] The first movable bracket 201 is provided with a second movable bracket 202 and a second linear module 203 for driving the second movable bracket 202 to move. The moving direction of the second movable bracket 202 is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame 100.

[0063] A third movable support 204 is slidably mounted on the second movable support 202 along the vertical direction. A third linear module 205 is provided between the third movable support 204 and the second movable support 202, which is used to drive the third movable support 204 to move.

[0064] It should be noted that the linear modules mentioned in this solution can all adopt existing electric telescopic rod technology or existing lead screw linear movement technology, etc., which will not be elaborated further.

[0065] The bottom of the third movable bracket 204 is rotatably connected to a rotating bracket 206, and the pivot formed at the connection is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle frame 100. The pivot is connected to a motor 207 mounted on the third movable bracket 204, that is, the rotating bracket 206 can be driven to rotate by the motor 207.

[0066] A grinding head 208 is mounted on the end of the rotating bracket 206, and a pneumatic motor 209 is also provided on the rotating bracket 206 to drive the grinding head 208 to rotate.

[0067] Preferably, each side of the grinding head 208 is provided with an air nozzle 210, which is connected to the air outlet of the pneumatic motor 209. The technical advantage is that when the pneumatic motor 209 drives the grinding head 208 to rotate, the rotation of the grinding head 208 means that the rail is being ground. At this time, the gas discharged by the pneumatic motor 209 is blown towards the grinding head 208 through the air nozzle 210, blowing away the grinding debris and cooling the rail.

[0068] Furthermore, the grinding head 208 is a consumable and therefore needs to be replaced. To ensure the accuracy of the grinding head 208 replacement, refer to... Figure 6 The rotating bracket 206 has a fixed mounting shaft 211 at its end. The mounting shaft 211 is divided into a smooth section and a threaded section along the axis. The smooth section has a lower frustum 212 coaxially mounted on its outer side. The outer diameter of the lower frustum 212 decreases along the axis of the mounting shaft 211 from the smooth section to the threaded section. The smooth section is connected to the rotating bracket 206. The threaded section has a nut 213 on its outer thread. An upper frustum 214 is mounted on the side of the nut 213 facing the smooth section. The outer diameter of the upper frustum 214 increases along the axis of the mounting shaft 211 from the smooth section to the threaded section.

[0069] The end of the grinding head 208 is coaxially provided with a mounting hole, and both openings of the mounting hole are provided with a frustum.

[0070] The grinding head 208 is inserted into the outside of the mounting shaft 211 through the mounting hole, and then the nut 213 is screwed into the threaded section. As the nut 213 is tightened, the upper frustum 214 and the corresponding frustum surface, as well as the lower frustum 212 and the corresponding frustum surface, can exert a self-centering effect on the grinding head 208, that is, the grinding head 208 and the mounting shaft 211 can be arranged coaxially.

[0071] The reason for this design is that the mounting hole and the mounting shaft 211 are generally clearance fit. If there is no fit between the upper frustum 214 and the corresponding frustum surface, and between the lower frustum 212 and the corresponding frustum surface, there will be a coaxiality deviation between the installed grinding head 208 and the mounting shaft 211. Moreover, the coaxiality deviation is uncontrollable, which will have a negative impact on the subsequent grinding results.

[0072] II. Testing component 300:

[0073] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The detection component 300 includes a fourth movable bracket 301 connected to the first linear module 101. A fifth movable bracket 302 is slidably disposed on the fourth movable bracket 301 in the vertical direction. The fifth movable bracket 302 is moved by the fourth linear module 303 disposed on the fourth movable bracket 301.

[0074] The fifth movable support 302 is equipped with three detection components 304 at its end, which are used to detect the profile of the rail tread a, side b and rounded corner c.

[0075] Reference Figures 9-11 The detection component 304 includes a connecting bracket 305 connected to the fifth movable bracket 302. A connecting shaft 307 is provided on the connecting bracket 305. Specifically, an installation ring is rotatably provided on the connecting bracket 305. The connecting shaft 307 is coaxially sleeved in the installation ring and the two form a sliding connection along the axis. Therefore, the connecting shaft 307 can rotate and move axially.

[0076] It should be noted that of the three detection components 304, one detection component 304 is located directly above the tread surface a of the rail, and the remaining two detection components 304 are located on both sides of the rail, that is, directly opposite the two side surfaces b of the rail. The axis of the mounting ring of the detection component 304 is perpendicular to the tread surface a or side surface b of the rail.

[0077] A detection bracket 306 is provided at one end of the connecting shaft 307 facing the rail, and a connecting rod 308 is provided at the other end of the connecting shaft 307 via a bearing. When the connecting rod 308 is moved by the fifth linear module 309 provided on the connecting bracket 305, the connecting rod 308 moves together with the connecting shaft 307 and the detection bracket 306.

[0078] The detection bracket 306 is equipped with a detection component, which is used to conform to the rail and move together with the vehicle frame 100. Therefore, when passing through the turning point of the rail, the detection bracket 306 and the connecting shaft 307 will deflect accordingly. To ensure that the detection component can be more accurate when returning to the straight rail, refer to... Figure 11 A self-centering component 310 is provided on the connecting bracket 305.

[0079] Specifically, the self-centering component 310 includes a deflector rod 3101. One end of the deflector rod 3101 is provided with a sleeve hole. The connecting shaft 307 is coaxially sleeved in the sleeve hole and the two form a sliding connection along the axis. Therefore, when the connecting shaft 307 deflects, it can deflect the deflector rod 3101 together.

[0080] The self-centering component 310 also includes two centering plates 3102 located on both sides of the other end of the sway bar 3101. Each of the two centering plates 3102 has a centering spring 3103 on its opposite side. Therefore, when returning to the straight rail, the cooperation of the two centering springs 3103 can center the sway bar 3101, thereby improving the reset accuracy of the connecting shaft 307 and ensuring the reset accuracy of the detection component.

[0081] Reference Figure 12 The detection component includes a side disc 311 mounted on the detection bracket 306. The axis of the side disc 311 in the detection component located directly above the rail tread a is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame 100. The axis of the side disc 311 in the remaining two detection components is arranged vertically.

[0082] Two side discs 311 are arranged along their own axis, and an inner horizontal column 312 is arranged between the two side discs 311. A detection unit 313 is arranged on the inner horizontal column 312, and several detection units 313 are arranged in an array along the axis of the side discs 311.

[0083] Specifically, refer to Figure 13 The detection unit 313 includes a detection ring 3131 and an inner support 3132 connected to the inner crossbar 312.

[0084] The inner support 3132 is provided with a guide hole, which is parallel to the connecting shaft 307. A guide rod 3134 is sleeved in the guide hole, and both ends of the guide rod 3134 extend out of the guide hole. An external step is provided at the end of the guide rod 3134 away from the rail. A floating support 3133 is provided at the other end of the guide rod 3134. A detection spring 3135 is sleeved on the part of the guide rod 3134 located on the side of the guide hole facing the rail. Initially, the detection spring 3135 is in a compressed state.

[0085] The inner support 3132 is equipped with a sensor 3136, which is used to detect the floating state of the floating support 3133. That is, when the floating support 3133 moves, the sensor 3136 can detect the size of the moving distance. The sensor 3136 can use existing technologies such as laser distance sensors, which will not be described in detail.

[0086] The detection ring 3131 is parallel to the side disc 311. The detection ring 3131 is located outside the floating bracket 3133 and the inner bracket 3132, and the detection ring 3131 is connected to the floating bracket 3133. Furthermore, three clamping wheels are provided on the outer side of the floating bracket 3133. The outer circular surface of the clamping wheel is provided with an annular groove. The distance between the two groove walls of the annular groove decreases along the radial direction of the clamping wheel and from the outer circular surface of the clamping wheel towards the axis. The inner wall of the detection ring 3131 is composed of two inclined surfaces, which respectively fit with the two groove walls of the annular groove. In this way, the detection ring 3131 and the floating bracket 3133 are connected and move synchronously.

[0087] Reference Figure 8 In the detection component 304, the outer circular surface of the detection ring 3131 near the side disc 311 is set to an arc shape and fits against the rounded corner surface c of the rail. It should be noted that the detection component 304 corresponding to the side b of the rail and the detection component 304 corresponding to the tread a of the rail are staggered. With the cooperation of the three detection components 304, all positions of the rounded corner surface c of the rail are fitted with the detection ring 3131. For example, if the detection ring 3131 of the detection component 304 corresponding to the tread a covers one-third of the rounded corner surface c, then the detection ring 3131 of the detection component 304 corresponding to the side b will cover at least two-thirds of the remaining rounded corner surface c.

[0088] How to use this invention:

[0089] Step 1: Place the chassis 100 onto the rails;

[0090] The fourth linear module 303 positions the rail between the three detection components 304;

[0091] The fifth linear module 309 drives the connecting rod 308 to move, thereby causing the detection ring 3131 of the detection component 304 to contact the tread a or side b of the rail.

[0092] Step Two: The chassis 100 moves on the rails. During the movement:

[0093] If there are defects on the tread a, side b, and rounded corner c of the rail, when the defect is a protrusion, the corresponding detection ring 3131 will move away from the rail. When the defect is a crack or pit, the corresponding detection spring 3135 will release its elastic force, causing the corresponding detection ring 3131 to move closer to the rail.

[0094] If there are no defects in the rail, then the inspection ring 3131 will not move;

[0095] This allows for the detection of the rail profile;

[0096] Step 3: When a defect is detected in the rail, the chassis 100 stops moving;

[0097] The first linear module 101 drives the grinding component 200 and the detection component 300 to move synchronously, so that the grinding component 200 is located at the defect position, and the defect position is ground by the grinding component 200.

[0098] Step 4: After polishing is completed, the first linear module 101 drives the polishing component 200 and the detection component 300 to move in opposite directions and reset synchronously. The detection component 300 enables self-inspection of the polishing results.

[0099] Step 5: Repeat steps 2-4 until the rail grinding is complete.

[0100] As can be seen from the above:

[0101] 1. This solution enables the detection of rail profiles and the grinding of rails based on the detection data. Specifically: Defects in the rails are detected using a detection component to pinpoint the defect location; the chassis stops moving; the detection component and grinding component move synchronously, positioning the grinding component at the defect location; the grinding component repairs the defect; the detection component and grinding component move in opposite directions synchronously to reset, allowing for self-inspection of the grinding results. This enables precise positioning and grinding, significantly improving grinding effectiveness and efficiency.

[0102] 2. This solution can not only detect and grind the profile of the rail tread a and side b, but also, because the detection components corresponding to the rail side b and the detection components corresponding to the rail tread a are staggered, and with the cooperation of the three detection components, all positions of the rail's rounded corner surface c are in contact with the detection ring. For example, if the detection ring of the detection component corresponding to the tread a covers one-third of the rounded corner surface c, then the detection ring of the detection component corresponding to the side b will cover at least two-thirds of the remaining rounded corner surface c. Therefore, this solution can also detect and grind the profile of the rail's rounded corner surface c.

[0103] 3. Refer to Appendix Figure 8Because the arc surface of the detection ring fits into the rounded corner surface c of the rail, the detection ring always remains in contact with the rail under this method. Therefore, regardless of whether the rail is straight, curved, or set on a slope, the detection ring of this solution always remains in contact with the surface of the rail to be ground. Thus, if there are defects on the surface of the rail to be ground, the contact detection of this solution can ensure that the distance between the sensor probe and the surface of the rail to be ground remains consistent. This avoids the problem mentioned in the background technology that "when the grinding equipment passes through the connection between these tracks and straight tracks, the probes of the profile detection device and the corrugated detection device are not perpendicular to the track connection, so the detection will have errors and require corresponding algorithm correction, which is not only troublesome, but also prone to detection errors leading to grinding errors."

[0104] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail profile grinding machine, comprising a frame capable of moving on a rail, characterized in that, The chassis is equipped with grinding components and detection components, as well as a first linear module for driving the two to move synchronously along the length of the chassis. The detection component includes a fourth movable bracket connected to the first linear module, a fifth movable bracket and a fourth linear module that drives the fifth movable bracket to move on the fourth movable bracket, the fifth movable bracket moves in the vertical direction, and three detection components are provided at the end of the fifth movable bracket. The detection assembly includes a connecting bracket connected to the fifth movable bracket. A mounting ring is rotatably mounted on the connecting bracket, and a connecting shaft is slidably mounted inside the mounting ring along the axis. Of the three detection assemblies, one detection assembly is located directly above the rail and the axis of the mounting ring is perpendicular to the tread surface a. The remaining two detection assemblies are located on both sides of the rail and the axis of the mounting ring is perpendicular to the side surface b of the rail. A detection bracket is provided at the end of the connecting shaft facing the rail, and a detection component is provided on the detection bracket. A self-centering component is provided on the connecting bracket. One end of the connecting shaft is equipped with a connecting rod via a bearing, and the connecting bracket is equipped with a fifth linear module for moving the connecting rod. The direction of movement of the connecting rod is parallel to the axis of the connecting shaft. The detection components include a side disc mounted on the detection bracket. The centerline of the side disc in the detection component located directly above the rail tread a is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame. The centerlines of the side discs in the remaining two detection components are arranged vertically. Two side discs are arranged along their own axis, and an inner horizontal column is arranged between the two side discs. A detection unit is arranged on the inner horizontal column, and several detection units are arranged in an array along the axis of the side discs. The detection unit includes a detection ring and an inner support connected to the inner crossbar; The inner support is provided with a guide hole, which is parallel to the connecting shaft. A guide rod is fitted inside the guide hole, and both ends of the guide rod extend out of the guide hole. An external step is provided at the end of the guide rod away from the rail, and a floating support is provided at the other end of the guide rod. A detection spring is fitted on the part of the guide rod located on the side of the guide hole facing the rail. Initially, the detection spring is in a compressed state. The inner support is equipped with sensors to detect the movement distance of the floating support; The detection ring is parallel to the side disc, and the detection ring is located outside the floating support and the inner support, and the detection ring is connected to the floating support. The outer circular surface of the detection ring near the side disc in the detection assembly is set into an arc shape and fits into the rounded corner surface c of the rail. The detection assembly corresponding to the side surface b of the rail and the detection assembly corresponding to the tread surface a of the rail are staggered. With the cooperation of the three detection assemblies, each position of the rounded corner surface c of the rail fits into the detection ring.

2. The rail profile grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-centering component includes a sway bar, one end of which is provided with a sleeve hole, and a connecting shaft is coaxially sleeved in the sleeve hole, and the two form a sliding connection along the axis. The self-centering component also includes two centering plates located on both sides of the eccentric lever, and a centering spring is provided on the opposite side of each of the two centering plates.

3. The rail profile grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the floating support is provided with at least three clamping wheels. The outer circular surface of the clamping wheels is provided with annular grooves. The distance between the two groove walls of the annular groove decreases along the radial direction of the clamping wheel and from the outer circular surface of the clamping wheel towards the axis. The inner wall of the detection ring is composed of two inclined surfaces, which respectively fit into the two groove walls of the annular groove.

4. A rail profile grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding component includes a first movable bracket connected to a first linear module. A second movable bracket and a second linear module for driving the second movable bracket to move are provided on the first movable bracket. The moving direction of the second movable bracket is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle frame. A third movable bracket is slidably provided on the second movable bracket in the vertical direction, and a third linear module for driving the third movable bracket to move is provided between the two. A rotating bracket is rotatably connected to the bottom of the third movable bracket, and the pivot formed at the connection is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle frame. The pivot is powered by a motor provided on the third movable bracket. A grinding head is installed at the end of the rotating bracket, and a pneumatic motor for driving the grinding head to rotate is provided on the rotating bracket.

5. A rail profile grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating bracket has a mounting shaft at its end. The mounting shaft is divided into a smooth section and a threaded section along its axis. A lower truncated cone is coaxially mounted on the outside of the smooth section. The outer diameter of the lower truncated cone decreases along the axis of the mounting shaft from the smooth section to the threaded section. The smooth section is connected to the rotating bracket. A nut is mounted on the external thread of the threaded section. An upper truncated cone is mounted on the side of the nut facing the smooth section. The outer diameter of the upper truncated cone increases along the axis of the mounting shaft from the smooth section to the threaded section. A mounting hole is coaxially mounted through the end of the grinding head. A frustum is provided at both openings of the mounting hole. When the grinding head is mounted on the mounting shaft, the upper and lower truncated cones fit against the two frustum surfaces respectively.

6. The method of using a rail profile grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the vehicle frame onto the rails; The fourth linear module positions the rail between the three detection components; The fifth linear module drives the connecting rod to move, thereby causing the detection ring of the detection component to contact the tread surface a or side surface b of the rail. Step Two: The vehicle frame moves on the rails. During the movement: If there are defects on the tread surface a, side surface b, and rounded corner surface c of the rail, the defects will cause the corresponding inspection ring to move away from or closer to the rail. If there are no defects in the rail, the inspection ring will not move; Step 3: When a defect is detected in the rail, the chassis stops moving; The first linear module drives the grinding component and the detection component to move synchronously, so that the grinding component is located at the defect position, and the grinding component grinds the defect position. Step 4: After grinding is completed, the grinding component and the detection component are moved in opposite directions synchronously and reset through the first linear module. The detection component is used to perform self-inspection of the grinding results. Step 5: Repeat steps 2-4 until the rail grinding is complete.

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