Construction equipment and methods for repairing air-raid shelter domes

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a construction device and method for repairing a dome of an air-raid shelter, the construction device for repairing the dome of the air-raid shelter comprising a support body and a formwork, the formwork being arranged outside the support body, the support body comprising an upper support frame, a vertical rod being connected to the bottom of the upper support frame, a moving support being fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical rod, the upper support frame comprising two groups of arc-shaped support rods, each arc-shaped support rod being composed of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes, a vertical support being connected to the bottom of the butt joint of the arc-shaped square tubes, the lower parts of the oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes being connected through a cross support, the top surface of the cross support being connected to the vertical support, an arc-shaped top plate being arranged at the top of each group of arc-shaped support rods, the vertical rods being connected through a plurality of connecting rods, and the vertical rods at the bottom of each group of arc-shaped support rods being connected through a plurality of telescopic support rods. The application effectively avoids the limitation of the use of the device caused by deep excavation of the ground, avoidance of various pipelines and other external factors, and can reduce the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, specifically relating to a construction device and method for repairing air-raid shelter domes. Background Technology

[0002] Air raid shelters are small and located deep underground. They are easily damaged by the underground environment and the construction of new buildings on the ground. Due to the limited space, it is difficult to repair air raid shelters after they collapse, which greatly increases the difficulty of construction.

[0003] There are two common traditional repair methods. One is to excavate deep into the ground to repair the collapse. This involves locating the collapse site, digging deep into the air-raid shelter, repairing the top of the shelter, and then backfilling with soil. However, this method requires ensuring there are no buildings on the ground corresponding to the collapse site. If there are buildings, this method cannot be implemented. It also requires ensuring there are no pipelines in the soil at the collapse site. Encountering sewage pipes, heating pipes, or national power grids will increase the difficulty and cost of construction. Deep excavation can also lead to soil collapse during rainy weather, affecting the safety of construction workers. The second method is to install cement pipes inside the shelter as protective arms. Cement pipes are custom-made according to the dimensions of the shelter and the curvature of the dome to support the repair. The disadvantage of this method is that the cement pipes must be the same size as the shelter. If the size is too large, they can only be used at the entrance and cannot pass through sharp turns or corners in the air-raid shelter. If the collapse site is deep inside the shelter, it is impossible to transport the pipes to the collapse site.

[0004] Chinese patent CN103046765A discloses a construction process for the continued use of reinforced air-raid shelters, including the following steps: (1) drilling grouting holes in the shelter wall from inside the air-raid shelter, penetrating the shelter wall to the soil layer, and pre-embedding and fixing grouting pipes in the grouting holes; (2) drilling fixing holes around the shelter wall and installing expansion bolts, binding steel mesh or installing fixed mesh on the expansion bolts, and setting up and fixing templates outside the steel mesh or mesh; (3) spraying fine stone concrete into the gap between the template and the shelter wall; (4) after removing the template, filling the gap between the shelter wall and the soil layer by grouting through the grouting pipes to complete the construction. This patent requires drilling holes in the air-raid shelter and using these holes for pouring concrete, making the construction process complex and unable to form an overall support system to effectively support the top of the air-raid shelter. Furthermore, the concrete poured into the shelter wall using the drilling cannot support the shelter wall inside the shelter.

[0005] Chinese patent CN119412108A discloses a device for repairing the collapse of a highway tunnel face and its usage method. This patent, through the setting of a tiered propulsion component, uses a tiered support structure, along with extension sleepers, a pushing platform, and a covering net, to shield and support the tunnel face when treating a collapsed area. This patent is applicable in ground-level and highway tunnel environments with ample construction space. It is moved by power traction and is used for injecting concrete to repair localized collapses, rather than being used as a whole concrete pouring support system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction device for repairing air-raid shelter domes, which can effectively support air-raid shelters and facilitate concrete pouring; the present invention also provides its construction method.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] The air-raid shelter dome repair construction device of the present invention includes a support body and a template. The template is set on the outside of the support body. The support body includes an upper support frame. The bottom of the upper support frame is connected to a vertical rod. The bottom of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to a movable bracket. The upper support frame includes two sets of arc-shaped support rods. The arc-shaped support rods are composed of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes. The bottom of the arc-shaped square tubes is connected to a vertical brace. The lower parts of the oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes are connected by a horizontal brace. The middle of the top surface of the horizontal brace is connected to the vertical brace. The top of the two sets of arc-shaped support rods is provided with an arc-shaped top plate. The bottom ends of the arc-shaped support rods are connected to vertical rods. The vertical rods are connected to each other by several connecting rods. The vertical rods at the bottom of the two sets of arc-shaped support rods are connected to each other by several telescopic support rods.

[0009] in:

[0010] The bottom of the arc-shaped square tube is provided with a plug, which is inserted into the top of the vertical rod.

[0011] The connecting rod is connected to the vertical rod via a movable steel plate, and the movable steel plate is connected to the connecting rod via bolts, as is the vertical rod and the movable steel plate via bolts.

[0012] The two ends of the horizontal brace are connected to the arc-shaped square tube by U-shaped buckles, the top of the vertical brace is connected to the arc-shaped square tube by a straight buckle, and the bottom of the vertical brace is fixed to the top surface of the horizontal brace by a U-shaped buckle.

[0013] The telescopic support rod includes a sleeve and a sleeve rod inserted into the sleeve. The end of the sleeve away from the sleeve rod is connected to a vertical rod on one side via a U-shaped lock. The sleeve rod is connected to a vertical rod on the other side via a U-shaped lock. Both the sleeve and the sleeve rod are provided with fixing plates, which are connected to the template by steel nails.

[0014] The movable support includes a crossbar, with adjustable legs and nylon wheels at the bottom. The crossbar is parallel to the telescopic support rod. The top of the crossbar is connected to the vertical rod. Nylon wheels are installed on both sides of the bottom of the crossbar via fixing plates. The adjustable legs are located at the center of the bottom of the crossbar. The fixing plates and nylon wheels are connected by bolts.

[0015] The template is provided with several vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars at intervals.

[0016] The construction method using the air-raid shelter dome repair construction device includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Measure the internal dimensions and dome curvature of the air-raid shelter, and process the support structure and template outside the air-raid shelter based on the measurement data;

[0018] S2. Transport the completed support structure to the air-raid shelter for assembly, place it above the bottom of the air-raid shelter to support the dome, then excavate the collapsed soil, and continuously move the support structure forward by moving the support frame.

[0019] S3. After the support body is moved forward, continue to install the support body from behind; the adjacent support bodies are closely connected, and the operation is repeated until the collapsed soil inside the air-raid shelter is excavated and the tunnel entrance is cleared.

[0020] S4. After the opening is cleared, install formwork on the outside of all supports, and process vertical and horizontal steel bars outside the air-raid shelter according to the measured dimensions. Transport the processed vertical and horizontal steel bars into the formwork for binding and fixing.

[0021] S5. Support and reinforce several connecting rods and telescopic support rods in the support body, and then pour concrete into the formwork from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole until the concrete is fully poured.

[0022] S6. After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove all repair construction equipment in sequence and dismantle and transport it outside the air-raid shelter.

[0023] S7. After the repair is completed, inspect the air-raid shelter to ensure that the repair is in good condition.

[0024] In step S4, the top of the template is tightly attached to the top surface of the air-raid shelter, and the sides of the template are tightly attached to the side walls of the air-raid shelter.

[0025] In step S5, the movable steel plate is adjusted to be perpendicular to the vertical rod, and then the connecting rod is fixed to the movable steel plate with bolts.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention directly repairs collapsed areas by processing components outside the tunnel and assembling them inside the tunnel. This effectively avoids the limitations imposed by external factors such as deep excavation and avoiding various pipelines, thus reducing construction costs. The support structure is assembled from an upper support frame, vertical rods, and a movable bracket. It can be installed inside an air-raid shelter in confined spaces. The top of the upper support frame forms an arc-shaped support and is reinforced by horizontal and vertical braces. The arc-shaped top plate forms a shield at the top, which not only effectively supports the dome of the air-raid shelter but also ensures the safety of construction personnel working at the bottom of the support structure.

[0028] This invention combines a protective support system with a concrete pouring support system, effectively supporting the dome of the air-raid shelter while simultaneously allowing concrete pouring on the support structure. This integrated support and reinforcement approach mitigates the impact of limited space within the shelter and reduces construction costs. During construction, the support structure is placed inside the air-raid shelter for support. Workers excavate collapsed soil from within the support structure to prevent further collapse of the shelter's roof and potential injury to workers. After creating a gap, the support structure is moved further into the shelter, and another support structure is placed behind it. This process is repeated to excavate collapsed soil. Once the collapsed soil inside the shelter is excavated, formwork is installed, and concrete is poured sequentially from the inside to the outside of the shelter to form the concrete support system.

[0029] This invention ensures ease of operation and shortens the construction period by moving the earthwork excavation forward and the concrete pouring backward. Furthermore, when supporting the air-raid shelter, it can also create a construction space, which is convenient for personnel to excavate and carry out construction. The support system achieves the effect of construction protection. When pouring concrete, the support body further supports the formwork to prevent displacement during the concrete pouring process from affecting the pouring effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support frame structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support frame structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the movable support structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic support rod structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the movable steel sheet and the vertical rod in this invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the casting structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention;

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Upper support frame; 2. Vertical rod; 3. Movable support; 4. Bottom of the air-raid shelter; 5. Telescopic support rod; 6. Side wall of the air-raid shelter; 7. Top surface of the air-raid shelter; 8. Vertical reinforcement; 9. Horizontal reinforcement; 10. Formwork; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Concrete; 101. Curved square tube; 102. Curved top plate; 103. U-shaped lock; 104. Insert rod; 105. Straight lock; 106. Bolt; 107. Horizontal brace; 108. Vertical brace; 301. Horizontal bar; 302. Fixing plate; 303. Nylon wheel; 304. Adjustable support leg; 501. Sleeve; 502. Fixing plate; 503. Movable steel plate; 504. Sleeve insert rod; 505. Steel nail. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the air-raid shelter dome repair construction device of the present invention includes a support body and a template 10. The template 10 is set on the outside of the support body. The support body includes an upper support frame 1. The bottom of the upper support frame 1 is connected to a vertical rod 2. The bottom of the vertical rod 2 is fixedly connected to a movable bracket 3. The upper support frame 1 includes two sets of arc-shaped support rods. The arc-shaped support rods are composed of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes 101. The bottom of the arc-shaped square tubes 101 is connected to a vertical support 108. The lower parts of the oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes 101 are connected by a horizontal support 107. The middle of the top surface of the horizontal support 107 is connected to the vertical support 108. The top of the two sets of arc-shaped support rods is provided with an arc-shaped top plate 102. The bottom ends of the arc-shaped support rods are connected to vertical rods 2. The vertical rods 2 are connected to each other by several connecting rods 11. The bottom vertical rods 2 of the two sets of arc-shaped support rods are connected to each other by several telescopic support rods 5.

[0042] The bottom of the arc-shaped square tube 101 is provided with a plug rod 104, which is inserted into the top of the vertical rod 2.

[0043] The connecting rod 11 is connected to the vertical rod 2 via the movable steel plate 503. The movable steel plate 503 and the connecting rod 11 are connected by bolts 106. The vertical rod 2 and the movable steel plate 503 are connected by bolts 106.

[0044] The two ends of the horizontal brace 107 are connected to the arc-shaped square tube 101 through U-shaped buckles 103. The top of the vertical brace 108 is connected to the arc-shaped square tube 101 through a straight buckle 105. The bottom of the vertical brace 108 is fixed to the top surface of the horizontal brace 107 through U-shaped buckles 103.

[0045] The telescopic support rod 5 includes a sleeve 501 and a sleeve rod 504 inserted into the sleeve 501. One end of the sleeve 501 away from the sleeve rod 504 is connected to a vertical rod 2 on one side via a U-shaped lock 103. The sleeve rod 504 is connected to the vertical rod 2 on the other side via a U-shaped lock 103. Both the sleeve 501 and the sleeve rod 504 are provided with fixing plates 502. The fixing plates 502 are connected to the template 10 via steel nails 505.

[0046] The movable support 3 includes a crossbar 301. The bottom of the crossbar 301 is provided with an adjustable support leg 304 and a nylon wheel 303. The crossbar 301 is parallel to the telescopic support rod 5. The top center of the crossbar 301 is connected to the vertical rod 2. The bottom sides of the crossbar 301 are provided with nylon wheels 303 through fixing plates 302. The adjustable support leg 304 is located in the middle of the bottom surface of the crossbar 301. The fixing plate 302 and the nylon wheel 303 are connected by bolts 106.

[0047] The template 10 has several vertical reinforcing bars 8 and horizontal reinforcing bars 9 spaced apart inside.

[0048] The construction method using the air-raid shelter dome repair construction device includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Measure the internal dimensions and dome curvature of the air-raid shelter, and process the support structure and template 10 outside the air-raid shelter based on the measurement data;

[0050] S2. Transport the completed support structure to the air-raid shelter for assembly. Insert the upper support frame 1 onto the vertical rod 2 via the bottom insert rod 104. Connect the horizontal brace 107 to the U-shaped lock 103 on the arc-shaped square tube 101 via bolts 106. Install the arc-shaped top plate 102. Ensure the adjustable width of the support structure by using the telescopic support rod 5. Adjust the length of the telescopic support rod 5 to determine the forward distance based on the difficulty of excavating the collapsed earth. Insert the sleeve insert rod 504 into the sleeve 501 and extend / retract. After reaching the appropriate distance, the support is secured with bolts 106. The movable support 3 is fixed to the bottom of the vertical pole 2 and placed above the bottom surface 4 of the air-raid shelter to support the dome. Then, the collapsed soil is excavated, and the support body is continuously moved forward by the movable support 3. When moving forward, the adjustable leg 304 is rotated to adjust the nylon wheel 303 to touch the ground and push forward. After pushing to the appropriate position, the adjustable leg 304 is rotated again to adjust the nylon wheel 303 to lift off the ground. After adjusting to the appropriate height, the adjustable leg 304 is stopped.

[0051] S3. After the support body is moved forward, continue to install the support body from behind; the adjacent support bodies are closely connected, and the operation is repeated until the collapsed soil inside the air-raid shelter is excavated and the tunnel entrance is cleared.

[0052] The support structure serves as a protective barrier to ensure the safety of construction workers and effectively seals the collapsed area at the top of the dome, preventing the upper soil from continuing to fall.

[0053] S4. After the opening is cleared, install template 10 on the outside of all supports, and process vertical steel bars 8 and horizontal steel bars 9 on the outside of the air-raid shelter according to the measured dimensions. Transport the processed vertical steel bars 8 and horizontal steel bars 9 into the inside of template 10 for binding and fixing. The top of template 10 is close to the top surface 7 of the air-raid shelter, and the sides of template 10 are close to the side wall 6 of the air-raid shelter. Steel nails 505 pass through fixing plate 502 and are fixedly connected to template 10 to ensure that template 10 will not move left or right.

[0054] S5. Support and reinforce several connecting rods 11 and telescopic support rods 5 within the support body. Then, pour concrete 12 into the formwork 10 sequentially from inside the hole to outside until the concrete 12 is fully poured. When the support body moves, the connecting rods 11 do not need to be installed. The movable steel plate 503 rotates to a position parallel to the vertical rod 2, ensuring the safe passage of workers in the middle and preventing injury from local protrusions. When pouring concrete, the connecting rods 11 need to be fixed. When fixing the connecting rods 11, adjust the movable steel plate 503 to be perpendicular to the vertical rod 2, and then fix the connecting rods 11 to the movable steel plate 503 with bolts 106. Installing the connecting rods 11 ensures that the lateral support is firm.

[0055] Reinforcing the support structure ensures that the template 10 is firmly connected and will not shift.

[0056] S6. After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove all repair construction equipment in sequence and dismantle and transport it outside the air-raid shelter.

[0057] S7. After the repair is completed, inspect the air-raid shelter to ensure that the repair is in good condition.

Claims

1. A construction method using a construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: S1, measure the size of the air-raid shelter and the dome curvature, and process the support body and the template (10) outside the air-raid shelter according to the measured data; S2, transport the processed support body to the air-raid shelter for assembly, place it above the bottom surface (4) of the air-raid shelter to support the dome, then excavate the collapsed earthwork, and continuously move the support body forward by moving the support (3); S3, after the support body is moved forward, the support body is continuously installed from the rear of the support body; the adjacent support bodies are tightly connected, and the operation is repeated until the collapsed earthwork in the air-raid shelter is excavated and the hole is dredged; S4, after the hole is dredged, the template (10) is installed outside all the support bodies, the vertical steel bars (8) and the horizontal steel bars (9) are processed outside the air-raid shelter according to the measured size, and the processed vertical steel bars (8) and horizontal steel bars (9) are transported to the inside of the template (10) for binding and fixing; S5, support and reinforce the connecting rods (11) and the telescopic support rods (5) in the support body, adjust the movable steel sheet (503) to be perpendicular to the vertical rod (2), then fix the connecting rod (11) on the movable steel sheet (503) through the bolt (106); then pour the concrete (12) in the template (10) from inside to outside in sequence, until the concrete (12) is fully poured; S6, after the concrete strength reaches the requirement, all the repair construction devices are removed in sequence and transported outside the air-raid shelter; S7, after the repair is completed, the air-raid shelter is accepted to ensure that the repair is complete; The air-raid shelter dome repair construction device comprises a support body and a template (10), the template (10) is arranged outside the support body, the support body comprises an upper support frame (1), the bottom of the upper support frame (1) is connected with a vertical rod (2), the bottom of the vertical rod (2) is fixedly connected with a moving support (3), the upper support frame (1) comprises two groups of arc-shaped support rods, the arc-shaped support rod is composed of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes (101), the bottom of the butt joint of the arc-shaped square tube (101) is connected with a vertical support (108), the lower parts of the oppositely arranged arc-shaped square tubes (101) are connected through a horizontal support (107), the top surface of the horizontal support (107) is connected with the vertical support (108), the top of the two groups of arc-shaped support rods is provided with an arc-shaped top plate (102), the bottom of the arc-shaped support rod is connected with the vertical rod (2), the vertical rods (2) are connected through a plurality of connecting rods (11), and the vertical rods (2) between the bottoms of the two groups of arc-shaped support rods are connected through a plurality of telescopic support rods (5); the moving support (3) comprises a horizontal rod (301), the bottom of the horizontal rod (301) is provided with an adjusting leg (304) and a nylon wheel (303), the horizontal rod (301) is parallel to the telescopic support rod (5), the top surface of the horizontal rod (301) is connected with the vertical rod (2), and the bottom surface of the horizontal rod (301) is provided with the nylon wheel (303) through the fixing sheet (302) on both sides.

2. The construction method using the construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the arc-shaped square tube (101) is provided with a plug rod (104), and the plug rod (104) is inserted into the top of the vertical rod (2).

3. The construction method using the construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (11) is connected with the vertical rod (2) through the movable steel sheet (503), the movable steel sheet (503) and the connecting rod (11) are connected through the bolt (106), and the vertical rod (2) and the movable steel sheet (503) are connected through the bolt (106).

4. The construction method using the construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, characterized in that, The both ends of the cross support (107) are connected with the arc-shaped square tube (101) through the U-shaped lock buckle (103), the top of the vertical support (108) is connected with the butt joint of the arc-shaped square tube (101) through the straight lock buckle (105), and the bottom of the vertical support (108) is fixed on the top surface of the cross support (107) through the U-shaped lock buckle (103).

5. The construction method using the construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, wherein The telescopic supporting rod (5) comprises a sleeve (501) and a sleeve inserting rod (504) inserted into the sleeve (501), one end of the sleeve (501) away from the sleeve inserting rod (504) is connected with one side of the vertical rod (2) through the U-shaped lock buckle (103), the sleeve inserting rod (504) is connected with the other side of the vertical rod (2) through the U-shaped lock buckle (103), and the sleeve (501) and the sleeve inserting rod (504) are both provided with the fixing plate (502), and the fixing plate (502) is connected with the formwork (10) through the steel nail (505).

6. The construction method employing a construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, wherein The adjusting supporting leg (304) is arranged at the middle part of the bottom surface of the cross rod (301), and the fixing sheet (302) and the nylon wheel (303) are connected through the bolt (106).

7. The construction method using the construction device for repairing a bomb shelter dome according to claim 1, wherein The formwork (10) is internally and intervally provided with a plurality of vertical steel bars (8) and horizontal steel bars (9).

8. The method of construction with a bomb shelter dome repair construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the top of the formwork (10) is close to the top surface (7) of the anti-cavity, and the side surface of the formwork (10) is close to the side wall (6) of the anti-cavity. In step S4, the top of the formwork (10) is close to the top surface (7) of the anti-cavity, and the side surface of the formwork (10) is close to the side wall (6) of the anti-cavity.

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