Large-scale wind-light-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system on South Pole ice cover

Abstract

The invention provides a South Pole ice cover large wind-light-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of energy equipment. Comprising a fan device arranged above an ice cover, and the fan device comprises a spherical hub and fins arranged on the spherical hub; the photovoltaic device is arranged on the surfaces of the spherical hub and the fins; the fan tower barrel is used for installing a fan device, an inner platform is arranged in the fan tower barrel, and the inner platform is divided into a hydrogen production equipment area, a fuel cell area and an energy storage device area; the hydrogen storage device is arranged below the ice cover; the hydrogen pipeline system is arranged in the tower drum and below the ice cover, and is communicated with the hydrogen production equipment area, the hydrogen storage device and the fuel cell area; and the cable transmission system is arranged in the tower drum and below the ice cover, and is electrically connected to the fan device, the photovoltaic device, the fuel cell area and the energy storage device area. Efficient utilization of wind energy and solar energy in the extreme environment of the south pole is achieved, and stability and reliability of energy supply are guaranteed through long-period storage of hydrogen energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy equipment technology, specifically relating to a large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet. Background Technology

[0002] The polar regions possess abundant wind and solar resources, but their extreme low temperatures, strong winds, and the alternation of polar day and polar night pose severe challenges to the energy supply system.

[0003] Traditional diesel power generation methods not only cause significant environmental pollution and incur high fuel transportation costs, but also lead to a substantial increase in equipment failure rates in low-temperature environments. Although the application of renewable energy technologies is gaining increasing attention, many limitations and challenges remain in polar applications, such as battery capacity degradation at extremely low temperatures, difficulties in cold-starting fuel cells, and challenges in maintaining system energy balance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address at least one of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet. By integrating wind turbines, photovoltaics, hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cells, and energy storage devices into one system, it achieves efficient utilization of wind and solar energy in the extreme Antarctic environment, and ensures the stability and reliability of energy supply through long-term hydrogen energy storage.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: This application provides a large-scale integrated wind-solar-hydrogen-storage power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet, including: A fan device is installed above the ice sheet, and the fan device includes a spherical hub and fins disposed on the spherical hub; A photovoltaic device is disposed on the surface of the spherical hub and fins; A wind turbine tower is used to install the wind turbine device. An inner platform is provided inside the wind turbine tower. The inner platform is divided into a hydrogen production equipment area, a fuel cell area, and an energy storage device area. A hydrogen storage device is located below the ice cap; A hydrogen pipeline system is arranged inside the tower and under the ice cap, connecting the hydrogen production equipment area, the hydrogen storage device and the fuel cell area; A cable transmission system is arranged inside the tower and under the ice cover, and is electrically connected to the wind turbine, the photovoltaic device, the fuel cell area, and the energy storage area.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the wind turbine is located 15 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet, and the fins are S-shaped, mimicking the arc of a whale's tail fin.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the photovoltaic device includes a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel, the surface of which is coated with an anti-reflective coating, and the edge of which is provided with a flow guide strip.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the spherical hub of the wind turbine device has a diameter of 5 meters, the height of the wind turbine tower is 15 meters, and the inner platform is 10 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen production equipment area is provided with a PEM electrolyzer; The fuel cell area is equipped with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell; The energy storage area is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery packs.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen storage device includes a hydrogen storage tank, which is buried 3 meters below the Antarctic ice sheet.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen storage tank has a hydrogen storage capacity of 5000 Nm³. 3 .

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a double-wall structure, with the inner wall being hydrogen-resistant weather-resistant steel and the outer wall being carbon fiber composite material.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, a surface acoustic wave hydrogen concentration sensor is installed inside the hydrogen storage tank, and a temperature compensation device is installed around the hydrogen storage tank.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, a hydrogen pipeline compartment and a cable transmission compartment are provided inside the wind turbine tower, the hydrogen pipeline system passes through the hydrogen pipeline compartment, and the cable transmission system passes through the cable transmission compartment. The hydrogen pipeline in the hydrogen pipeline system includes a stainless steel inner lining and a carbon fiber outer layer structure, and the cable in the cable transmission system includes a copper tape shielding layer. An insulation zone is provided between the hydrogen pipeline compartment and the cable transmission compartment.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows: The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application integrates multiple energy conversion and storage devices, achieving efficient utilization of the abundant wind and solar energy resources in Antarctica. The wind turbine is located above the ice sheet, employing a spherical hub design with fins, enabling efficient operation and power generation under strong wind conditions. The photovoltaic device is mounted on the surface of the spherical hub, efficiently capturing abundant solar energy during the polar day and minimizing snow accumulation, thus improving system stability and efficiency. Furthermore, the photovoltaic device can be mounted not only on the spherical hub but also on the fins to capture even more photovoltaic power. Inside the wind turbine tower is an internal platform divided into a hydrogen production area, a fuel cell area, and an energy storage area: the hydrogen production area converts excess electrical energy into hydrogen, which is then stored in a hydrogen storage device beneath the ice sheet; the fuel cell area is responsible for converting the stored hydrogen into electrical energy when there is no wind or sunlight, ensuring continuous power supply; the energy storage area is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery packs for short-term energy storage and load balancing, improving system flexibility and response speed. The hydrogen pipeline system and cable transmission system are respectively located inside the tower and under the ice cap to ensure safe connections and energy transfer between components. Through integrated design, the entire system not only effectively solves many challenges faced by traditional energy supply in the extreme Antarctic environment, such as high equipment failure rates due to low temperatures and high fuel transportation costs, but also achieves efficient utilization and stable output of clean energy, providing Antarctic research stations with a zero-carbon, reliable, and economical power supply solution. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system on the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system on the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system on the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 .

[0017] in, 11. Wind turbine unit; 111. Spherical hub; 112. Fins; 12. Wind turbine tower; 121. Inner platform; 122. Hydrogen production equipment area; 123. Fuel cell area; 124. Energy storage device area; 125. Hydrogen pipeline compartment; 126. Cable transmission compartment; 13. Hydrogen storage device. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this application provides a large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet, including: A fan device 11 is installed above the ice sheet. The fan device 11 includes a spherical hub 111 and fins 112 installed on the spherical hub 111. Photovoltaic devices are mounted on the surfaces of the spherical hub 111 and fins 112; The wind turbine tower 12 is used to install the wind turbine device 11. An inner platform 121 is provided inside the wind turbine tower 12. The inner platform 121 is divided into a hydrogen production equipment area 122, a fuel cell area 123, and an energy storage device area 124. Hydrogen storage device 13 is located below the ice cap; The hydrogen pipeline system is located inside the tower and under the ice cap, connecting the hydrogen production equipment area 122, the hydrogen storage device 13 and the fuel cell area 123. The cable transmission system is located inside the tower and under the ice cap, and is electrically connected to the wind turbine unit 11, the photovoltaic unit, the fuel cell area 123 and the energy storage unit area 124.

[0019] The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application integrates multiple energy conversion and storage devices, achieving efficient utilization of the abundant wind and solar energy resources in Antarctica. The wind turbine 11 is located above the ice sheet and adopts a spherical hub 111 design with fins 112 mounted on it, enabling efficient operation and power generation under strong wind conditions. The photovoltaic device is installed on the surface of the spherical hub 111, efficiently capturing abundant solar energy during the polar day and is less prone to snow accumulation, thus improving the system's stability and efficiency. Furthermore, the photovoltaic device can be installed not only on the spherical hub 111 but also on the fins 112 to obtain even more photovoltaic power generation. The wind turbine tower 12 houses an internal platform 121, which is divided into a hydrogen production area 122, a fuel cell area 123, and an energy storage area 124. The hydrogen production area 122 converts excess electrical energy into hydrogen, which is then stored in a hydrogen storage device 13 beneath the ice cap. The fuel cell area 123 is responsible for converting the stored hydrogen into electrical energy when there is no wind or sunlight, ensuring a continuous power supply. The energy storage area 124 is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery packs for short-term energy storage and load balancing, improving the system's flexibility and response speed. Hydrogen pipeline systems and cable transmission systems are located inside the tower and under the ice cap, respectively, ensuring safe connections and energy transfer between components. Through integrated design, the entire system effectively addresses many challenges faced by traditional energy supply in the extreme Antarctic environment, such as high equipment failure rates due to low temperatures and high fuel transportation costs. It also achieves efficient utilization and stable output of clean energy, providing Antarctic research stations with a zero-carbon, reliable, and economical power supply solution.

[0020] The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application embodiment can operate stably under extreme conditions such as -40℃ to -80℃, strong winds of 17-18m / s, and ice fissures.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the wind turbine 11 is positioned 15 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet, and the fins 112 have an S-shaped structure resembling the arc of a whale's tail fin. In the Antarctic environment, wind speeds near the ground are typically low and unstable, while wind speeds become more stable and stronger with increasing altitude. Installing the wind turbine 11 at a height of 15 meters effectively avoids the effects of near-surface turbulence, thereby obtaining more stable and efficient wind energy resources.

[0022] The fin 112 is designed to mimic the curvature of a whale's tail fin, giving it better aerodynamic performance. The S-shaped design reduces wind resistance and improves energy capture efficiency, especially advantageous in the strong winds characteristic of Antarctica. Compared to traditional straight fins, the S-shaped fin 112 provided in this embodiment can generate more electricity at the same wind speed.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the photovoltaic device includes a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel, the surface of which is coated with an anti-reflective coating, and the edges of which are provided with guide strips.

[0024] Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels are known for their high conversion efficiency, enabling them to generate more electricity under the same lighting conditions. This is especially important in the Antarctic region, where, despite abundant sunlight during the midnight sun, the available solar radiation time is limited, necessitating the efficient use of every ray of sunlight.

[0025] The anti-reflective coating applied to the surface reduces light reflection loss and increases light absorption. This means that more sunlight can be absorbed by the photovoltaic panel and converted into electrical energy, thereby improving the overall energy conversion efficiency.

[0026] Incorporating guide strips at the edges of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels helps guide snow off the surface, preventing snow accumulation and reducing power generation efficiency. Antarctica frequently experiences heavy snowfall, which can easily cause snow to cover the photovoltaic panels, lowering their power generation efficiency. The guide strip design reduces maintenance requirements and ensures the system maintains high efficiency even in harsh weather conditions.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the spherical hub 111 of the wind turbine 11 has a diameter of 5 meters, the wind turbine tower 12 has a height of 15 meters, and the inner platform 121 is 10 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet. In the Antarctic region, wind speeds near the surface are typically low and unstable, becoming more stable and stronger with increasing altitude. Setting the diameter of the spherical hub 111 to 5 meters and the height of the wind turbine tower 12 to 15 meters effectively avoids the influence of near-surface turbulence, thereby obtaining more stable and stronger wind resources. This not only helps improve the working efficiency of the wind turbine but also reduces the potential damage to the equipment caused by extreme weather. The inner platform 121 is located 10 meters above the ice sheet surface, and this location divides the different functional areas inside the tower—the hydrogen production equipment area 122, the fuel cell area 123, and the energy storage device area 124. This layout design helps protect critical equipment from the harsh Antarctic surface environment, such as extreme low temperatures and strong winds, while also facilitating operation and management by maintenance personnel.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, a PEM electrolyzer is provided in the hydrogen production equipment area 122; Fuel cell section 123 is equipped with proton exchange membrane fuel cells; The energy storage device area 124 is equipped with a lithium iron phosphate battery pack.

[0029] PEM electrolyzers are a highly efficient water electrolysis technology that uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Compared to other types of electrolyzers, PEM electrolyzers offer advantages such as rapid start-up, fast response, high efficiency, and the ability to operate in impure water. This is particularly important in the Antarctic environment because it can utilize excess electricity generated from wind and solar power for water electrolysis, producing hydrogen as a long-term energy storage medium.

[0030] Fuel cell section 123 is equipped with proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. This type of fuel cell uses hydrogen as fuel, generating electricity through a reaction with oxygen, with water as the only byproduct. PEM fuel cells are known for their high efficiency, rapid response, and low-temperature operation, making them ideal for providing stable power in the extreme Antarctic environment. Furthermore, they can utilize hydrogen stored under the ice cap to provide continuous and stable power support to the research station in windless and lightless conditions.

[0031] Energy storage unit 124 is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery packs. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used due to their long lifespan, high safety, good temperature performance, and environmental friendliness. In this system, they are mainly used for short-term energy storage and load balancing. When wind and solar resources are abundant, excess electrical energy can be temporarily stored in these batteries for use during peak demand periods or when energy supply is insufficient. This not only improves the system's flexibility and reliability but also helps solve the energy balance problem under alternating polar day and polar night conditions.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the hydrogen storage device 13 includes a hydrogen storage tank buried 3 meters below the Antarctic ice sheet. The hydrogen storage tank is a key component in the entire system for long-term storage of hydrogen generated by the PEM electrolyzer. To adapt to the extreme low-temperature environment of Antarctica, the hydrogen storage tank employs special materials and structural design.

[0033] The hydrogen storage tank was buried approximately 3 meters below the ice cap primarily based on the following considerations: Temperature stability: The relatively constant and low temperature beneath the Antarctic ice sheet helps maintain the low temperature inside the hydrogen storage tank, reducing hydrogen evaporation loss and pressure fluctuations caused by temperature changes.

[0034] Environmental protection: Underground burial can protect hydrogen storage tanks from extreme weather conditions on the surface, such as strong winds and snow accumulation, while also reducing interference with the fragile Antarctic ecosystem.

[0035] Enhanced safety: The additional physical barrier provided by the ice layer increases the safety of the hydrogen storage tank and reduces the risk of leakage or damage caused by external factors.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the hydrogen storage tank has a hydrogen storage capacity of 5000 Nm³. 3This (standard volume) hydrogen storage capacity can store five nines (i.e., 99.999%) of high-purity hydrogen, which is particularly important in the Antarctic environment. Given the alternation of polar day and polar night in polar regions, there is a significant temporal mismatch between energy demand and renewable energy supply (such as wind and solar power). Therefore, a sufficiently large hydrogen storage capacity is needed to store hydrogen produced using excess electricity via a PEM electrolyzer to provide stable power support during periods of no wind or light or during peak energy demand.

[0037] Ample hydrogen storage allows the research station to rely less on external energy supplies, enhancing its energy self-sufficiency and reducing its dependence on traditional fuels (such as diesel), thereby lowering transportation costs and environmental pollution risks.

[0038] The larger hydrogen storage capacity allows the system to respond more flexibly to changes in energy demand under different seasons and weather conditions, improving the reliability and stability of the entire system and ensuring uninterrupted power supply to critical equipment and living facilities.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a double-wall structure, with the inner wall made of hydrogen-resistant weather-resistant steel and the outer wall made of carbon fiber composite material. This double-wall structure provides additional safety and performance optimization for the hydrogen storage tank. This structure not only enhances the mechanical strength of the hydrogen storage tank but also effectively isolates the stored hydrogen from the external environment, preventing leakage and other potential risks.

[0040] The inner wall is made of hydrogen embrittlement-resistant weathering steel because it maintains good physical and chemical stability under low temperature and high pressure conditions. Hydrogen embrittlement is a brittle phenomenon that occurs in metallic materials after long-term use in a hydrogen environment, which may lead to material cracking or failure. Therefore, selecting appropriate hydrogen embrittlement-resistant weathering steel is crucial to ensuring the safety of hydrogen storage tanks, especially in extreme low-temperature environments such as Antarctica.

[0041] The outer wall is made of carbon fiber composite material, which is known for its high strength, lightweight and excellent corrosion resistance. Carbon fiber composite material not only significantly reduces the overall weight of the hydrogen storage tank, but also improves its resistance to external shocks and pressure changes, making it very suitable for use in harsh environments such as Antarctica.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) hydrogen concentration sensor is installed inside the hydrogen storage tank, and a temperature compensation device is installed around the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank. The SAW hydrogen concentration sensor utilizes surface acoustic wave technology to detect the concentration of hydrogen. SAW sensors have advantages such as high sensitivity, fast response, and good selectivity, enabling accurate measurement of hydrogen concentration in complex environments. Installing a SAW hydrogen concentration sensor inside the hydrogen storage tank allows for real-time monitoring of hydrogen leakage, ensuring that any potential safety hazards can be detected and addressed promptly.

[0043] The temperature compensation device installed around the hydrogen storage tank is primarily used to cope with the extreme temperature variations in Antarctica. Because the physical properties of hydrogen (such as density and pressure) change with temperature, a mechanism is needed to maintain a stable internal environment within the storage tank. The temperature compensation device monitors and adjusts the temperature around the storage tank, ensuring it operates at its optimal condition under different seasons and weather conditions, preventing hydrogen leaks or other safety issues caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0044] Specifically, the implementation process and principle of temperature compensation are as follows: This process is based on the closed-loop feedback control principle. First, a high-precision temperature sensor monitors the temperature data around and inside the hydrogen storage tank in real time and transmits the signal to the Energy Management System (EMS). The EMS determines whether to activate the heating or cooling mechanism based on the preset temperature threshold and control strategy (such as the "dual PI + feedforward + anti-saturation integral" algorithm).

[0045] When the ambient temperature is too low, the temperature compensation device activates its heating function. It utilizes electric heating elements or recovers waste heat generated during the operation of the hydrogen production equipment to supply heat to the outside of the hydrogen storage tank via a heat transfer medium or heat exchanger, preventing material embrittlement, seal failure, or hydrogen liquefaction / sudden pressure drop due to low temperatures. When the temperature rises or there is a risk of localized overheating, the device dissipates heat through natural convection, forced ventilation, or heat absorption by phase change materials, preventing abnormal pressure increases inside the tank that could lead to leaks or explosions. The entire compensation process is dynamic and continuous, incorporating weather forecasts for feedforward adjustment to improve response speed and control accuracy. By combining this active temperature control with the passive insulation of the hydrogen storage tank's double-wall structure (inner layer of hydrogen-resistant material, outer layer of carbon fiber composite material), efficient, energy-saving, and safe temperature compensation is achieved, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system under extreme conditions ranging from -40℃ to -80℃.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a hydrogen pipeline compartment 125 and a cable transmission compartment 126 are provided inside the wind turbine tower 12. The hydrogen pipeline system passes through the hydrogen pipeline compartment 125, and the cable transmission system passes through the cable transmission compartment 126. The hydrogen pipeline system includes a stainless steel lining and a carbon fiber outer layer structure, while the cable in the cable transmission system includes a copper tape shielding layer. An insulation zone is provided between the hydrogen pipeline compartment 125 and the cable transmission compartment 126.

[0047] The hydrogen pipeline compartment 125 is specifically designed for the hydrogen pipeline system, ensuring the safe transfer of hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment area 122 to the hydrogen storage device 13 and the fuel cell area 123. By centralizing the hydrogen pipeline system in a separate space, the risk of interference with other components can be effectively reduced, thus improving system safety.

[0048] Similarly, the cable transmission compartment 126 is used to arrange the cable transmission system, ensuring that electrical energy can be transmitted from the wind turbine unit 11 and the photovoltaic unit to various power-consuming units (such as electrical loads, hydrogen production equipment area 122, fuel cell area 123, and energy storage device area 124). This design not only improves the neatness of cable wiring and the ease of maintenance, but also reduces the potential risk of electrical faults.

[0049] The hydrogen pipeline system employs a structure with a stainless steel lining and a carbon fiber outer layer. The stainless steel lining provides excellent corrosion resistance and sealing, ensuring the safe transmission of hydrogen; while the carbon fiber outer layer gives the pipeline superior mechanical strength and lightweight properties, enabling it to maintain stable performance in extreme environments.

[0050] Cable transmission systems include a copper tape shield, which not only effectively prevents external electromagnetic interference (EMI) but also protects the cable itself from physical damage or chemical corrosion. The presence of the copper tape shield significantly improves the reliability and lifespan of the cable.

[0051] An insulation zone is installed between the hydrogen pipeline compartment 125 and the cable transmission compartment 126. This measure is primarily to further enhance system safety and prevent fires or explosions caused by hydrogen leaks in case of unforeseen circumstances. The presence of the insulation zone effectively isolates the two compartments, ensuring that even in the event of a malfunction, the operation of the other system will not be easily affected.

[0052] Specifically, the insulation zone is a safety isolation area set up between the hydrogen pipeline compartment 125 and the cable transmission compartment 126 inside the wind turbine tower 12. It is constructed with non-conductive, high-temperature resistant, and flame-retardant insulating materials. Through physical separation and electrical insulation, it effectively prevents electric sparks that may be generated during cable operation from being conducted to the hydrogen compartment and causing combustion or explosion. At the same time, it blocks the propagation of heat energy and pressure waves, improving the overall safety and stability of the system in extreme environments.

[0053] Furthermore, in this application, the wind turbine tower foundation adopts a gravity-type design, reducing the difficulty of on-site construction in polar regions and protecting the Antarctic surface structure. The foundation structure specifically considers the static and dynamic pressure of the Antarctic ice sheet to ensure the stability of the wind turbine tower in extreme environments. The spherical hub 111 is equipped with a waterproof cover and a labyrinth seal structure to prevent ice crystals from seeping in and affecting the wind turbine operation.

[0054] The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet provided in this application embodiment also includes an energy management system (EMS). Specifically, Control Strategy: The EMS system employs a "dual PI + feedforward + anti-saturation integral" control strategy, combined with polar meteorological data forecasting, to achieve stable operation under alternating polar day and night conditions. The system monitors the operating status of the power supply side, grid side, and load side by real-time acquisition of environmental parameters such as wind speed, illumination, and temperature, conducting rolling forecasts, safety assessments, and optimized scheduling to dynamically allocate energy and power loads.

[0055] Polar day / polar night mode switching: Polar day mode: The system prioritizes wind and solar power generation, and the remaining electricity is used to produce hydrogen through a PEM electrolyzer and stored in a hydrogen storage tank under the ice cap.

[0056] Polar Night Mode: The system prioritizes wind turbine power generation while simultaneously activating fuel cell power supply. Even in the absence of wind and solar power, the system can still provide a stable power supply to the station area.

[0057] Load tier management: The system divides the station area load into three levels: Priority will be given to ensuring the needs of Level 1 load (scientific research equipment and basic living facilities); Secondary loads (auxiliary equipment and some scientific research equipment) are adjusted according to the energy supply situation; Level 3 loads (non-essential equipment) should be suspended during periods of energy shortage.

[0058] By optimizing the operating parameters and coordination methods of various components in wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage systems, the system increases the overall energy utilization rate to over 90%, significantly reducing energy waste. The EMS system employs high-frequency data acquisition (once every 100 milliseconds), combined with vibration monitoring and light intensity prediction, to achieve real-time monitoring and optimization of the system's operating status.

[0059] The workflow of the system of this invention is as follows: Operation during the polar day: Antarctic sunlight is intense and prolonged, and photovoltaic and wind turbine units 11 operate simultaneously, generating a large amount of electricity. The EMS system prioritizes meeting the station's electricity needs based on real-time load demand and energy production. Surplus electricity is used to produce hydrogen through electrolysis cells and stored in hydrogen storage tanks under the ice cap.

[0060] Operation during the polar night: Wind turbine unit 11 continues to operate, but the photovoltaic unit stops generating electricity. The EMS system draws hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank and converts it into electricity through fuel cells, while simultaneously recovering waste heat for heating the station area. Even in the absence of wind and solar power, the system can still provide a relatively stable power supply to the station area.

[0061] Emergency mode: When ice fissure risk or equipment failure is detected, the system automatically switches to emergency mode, prioritizing the power supply to primary loads and activating backup power sources (such as fuel cell power generation, energy storage device power generation, or diesel power generation).

[0062] In addition, the surface condition of the "S-shaped structure" fin 112 should be checked regularly, including but not limited to icing, material, and fracture, to ensure the normal operation of the fin 112 in low-temperature environments.

[0063] Monitor the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage tank to ensure its safe operation in extreme environments.

[0064] Regularly replace the anti-freezing coating on underground cables to prevent them from freezing and being damaged in low-temperature environments.

[0065] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0067] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A large-scale integrated wind-solar-hydrogen-storage power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet, characterized in that, include: A fan device is installed above the ice sheet, and the fan device includes a spherical hub and fins disposed on the spherical hub; A photovoltaic device is disposed on the surface of the spherical hub and fins; A wind turbine tower is used to install the wind turbine device. An inner platform is provided inside the wind turbine tower. The inner platform is divided into a hydrogen production equipment area, a fuel cell area, and an energy storage device area. A hydrogen storage device is located below the ice cap; A hydrogen pipeline system is located inside the tower and under the ice cap, connecting the hydrogen production equipment area, the hydrogen storage device, and the fuel cell area. A cable transmission system is arranged inside the tower and under the ice cover, and is electrically connected to the wind turbine, the photovoltaic device, the fuel cell area, and the energy storage area.

2. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind turbine is located 15 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet, and the fins are S-shaped, mimicking the arc of a whale's tail fin.

3. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic device includes a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel, the surface of which is coated with an anti-reflective coating, and the edges of which are provided with guide strips.

4. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical hub of the wind turbine has a diameter of 5 meters, the wind turbine tower has a height of 15 meters, and the inner platform is 10 meters above the Antarctic ice sheet.

5. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen production equipment area is equipped with a PEM electrolyzer. The fuel cell area is equipped with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell; The energy storage area is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery packs.

6. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage device includes a hydrogen storage tank, which is buried 3 meters below the Antarctic ice sheet.

7. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage tank has a hydrogen storage capacity of 5000 Nm³. 3 .

8. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage tank is equipped with a double-wall structure, with the inner wall made of weather-resistant steel resistant to hydrogen embrittlement and the outer wall made of carbon fiber composite material.

9. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage tank is equipped with a surface acoustic wave hydrogen concentration sensor, and a temperature compensation device is installed around the hydrogen storage tank.

10. The large-scale wind-solar-hydrogen-storage integrated power generation system for the Antarctic ice sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The wind turbine tower is equipped with a hydrogen pipeline compartment and a cable transmission compartment. The hydrogen pipeline system passes through the hydrogen pipeline compartment, and the cable transmission system passes through the cable transmission compartment. The hydrogen pipeline in the hydrogen pipeline system includes a stainless steel inner lining and a carbon fiber outer layer structure, and the cable in the cable transmission system includes a copper tape shielding layer. An insulation zone is provided between the hydrogen pipeline compartment and the cable transmission compartment.

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