An explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveyed perforation

Abstract

The application discloses an explosion-proof gun head device for cable transmission perforation and relates to the technical field of oil well drilling, and aims to solve the technical problem that the inside of the explosion-proof gun head is prone to safety hazards when repeatedly subjected to high temperature. The application is characterized in that the elastic wave section and the outward-pulling elastic sheet are made of the same material and synchronously deformed, the pre-tightening force increment is offset by one-time linear compensation of the compensation block, the creep acceleration cycle is broken, and the spring fatigue is delayed; the directional rotary movement of the compensation block is realized through the universal ball and the inclined guide gap, the secondary range compensation is completed by cooperating with the gradually changing arc side, the safe distance between the transmission thunder needle and the detonator is accurately kept, and the misfire is eliminated; the elastic section of the stable movement structure provides normal damping, the damping is adaptively enhanced with the compensation action, the static friction dead zone is eliminated, the piston flutter jamming is inhibited, the peak value damping of the secondary rotary movement is triggered, the piston violent movement caused by the suction effect is converted into controllable displacement, the action threshold drift is avoided, and the non-target layer mis-triggering is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil well drilling technology, and more specifically, to an explosion-proof nozzle device for cable-driven perforation. Background Technology

[0002] In cable-driven perforation operations, the explosion-proof gun head device is typically connected in series between the perforating gun and the cable head, serving as a core component to ensure surface safety and reliable downhole detonation. Its main function is to mechanically isolate the detonation path at the surface and shallow well stages, preventing accidental detonation of the detonator and subsequent mis-detonation of the perforating gun. After being lowered into the target formation, it automatically connects the detonation path, ensuring reliable transmission of the perforation signal and achieving precise perforation. Existing cable-driven perforation explosion-proof gun heads mostly employ a pressure-driven structure, relying primarily on an internal spring to provide the reset force and switch between isolation and operation of the detonation transmission components. Under normal conditions, the spring pushes the piston and detonation needle upwards, maintaining a safe isolation distance between the detonation needle and the detonator. When the gun string is lowered into a deep well, the hydraulic pressure overcomes the spring force, pushing the piston downwards, aligning the detonation needle with the detonator and completing the detonation path connection. When raised to a shallow well or surface, the pressure decreases, the spring resets, and the isolation state is restored.

[0003] As a key component determining the reliability and safety of the explosion-proof gun head, the spring has been in long-term service under complex conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and alternating loads in underground drilling. High-temperature environments accelerate dislocation movement and grain boundary slip within the metal material, significantly reducing the spring's yield strength and elastic limit, directly causing permanent shortening deformation. Under repeated high-temperature loading and unloading cycles, the high pressure and pressure relief in the well create a thermomechanical fatigue effect, causing the permanent deformation of the spring to accumulate with each operation, and the creep rate to continuously accelerate. Furthermore, after the spring shortens, its initial preload increases, further increasing the stress per unit area, which in turn exacerbates material creep, creating a vicious cycle of accelerated creep. Simultaneously, the creep shortening of the spring causes uneven stiffness distribution and a shift in its natural frequency, making it prone to resonance with the pressure fluctuation frequency within the wellbore, resulting in a significant increase in vibration amplitude. The localized stress concentration and uneven elasticity caused by creep can lead to frequent shaking, jamming-release, and other unstable phenomena during piston movement, i.e., increased chattering. The aforementioned defects are coupled together, ultimately leading to a continuous decrease in the safe isolation distance between the detonation probe and the detonator, and a drift in the piston action threshold, making it prone to problems such as misfires and detonation transmission failure. In view of this, we propose an explosion-proof nozzle device for cable-guided perforations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof gun head device for cable transmission perforation, so as to solve the technical problem that safety hazards are likely to occur when the inside of the explosion-proof gun head is subjected to repeated high temperatures.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an explosion-proof gun head device for cable transmission perforation, comprising an explosion-proof gun shell with an internal cavity, a sealing element connected to one end of the explosion-proof gun shell and connected to an external cable, a detonation tube installed at the other end of the explosion-proof gun shell, a connector at the bottom of the detonation tube, a detonator installed at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun shell near the detonation tube, a positioning seat fixed inside the cavity of the explosion-proof gun shell, a pressure-bearing piston provided at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun shell away from the detonator, a lightning rod fixed on one side of the pressure-bearing piston, and a return spring provided between the outer periphery of the lightning rod and the positioning seat;

[0006] The reset spring includes a wave-shaped section, which is an annular structure made of elastic material. An outer ring is fixed at the top of the wave section, and multiple compensation blocks are slidably limited at the top of the outer ring. One side of the compensation block is set as an inclined inner side. An outer pull spring piece made of the same material as the wave section is provided between the inner side and the outer ring. The outer pull spring piece is slidably limited by the inner side.

[0007] Preferably, the center of the inner inclined lateral reset spring is an inclined surface with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, and the end of the outer pull spring away from the inner inclined side is fixed to the outer ring.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting sliding between one end of the outer pull spring and the inner inclined side is achieved by a universal ball. A limiting head and a limiting vertical groove are provided between the compensation block and the outer ring. The limiting head is composed of a straight rod section and a ball head. The limiting vertical groove includes an inner vertical groove adapted to the ball head. An inclined guide notch is opened on the side of the inner vertical groove near the compensation block to allow the ball head to move and be accommodated.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the compensation block away from the inner oblique side is set as a gradually increasing arc side, and the radius of the gradually increasing arc side is centered on the ball head.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the positioning seat is fixed with a stabilizing structure for stabilizing the movement of the lightning rod, and a plurality of extrusion plates that can increase the stability of the stabilizing structure are arranged between the outer periphery of the stabilizing structure and the outer periphery of the compensation block, and the plurality of extrusion plates are distributed in a ring array.

[0011] Preferably, the stabilizing structure includes a lower connecting plate, an upper connecting plate is provided above the lower connecting plate, a connecting column is fixed between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and a spring-loaded ring is fixed between the inner sides of the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate. The central area of ​​the spring-loaded ring is set as an elastic segment that contacts the lightning rod, and the elastic segment is elastic.

[0012] Preferably, a waterproof layer is fixed between the outer periphery of the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, and a pressure space is provided between the waterproof layer and the elastic ring. The pressure space is filled with pressurized liquid, and multiple pressure panels are provided on the outer periphery of the waterproof layer.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure plate is connected to the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate by a limiting sliding connection. The pressure plate has multiple protruding liquid-pressing protrusions integrally formed on the side near the waterproof layer. A section of pressure surface is connected to the top of the pressure plate. The section of pressure surface is inclined from bottom to top and outward. When the outer side of the section of pressure surface contacts the end of the extrusion plate, it is pressed and displaced towards the waterproof layer. One end of the extrusion plate is fixed to the bottom of the compensation block.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the first pressing surface extends into two pressing surfaces, which are inclined inward from bottom to top.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic segment has a wavy cross-section, and a wear-resistant layer is fixed to the side of the elastic segment near the lightning rod.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention addresses the vicious cycle of increased preload and increased stress leading to accelerated creep after springs shorten at high temperatures. By using the same elastic material for the return spring wave segment and the outer tension spring, the outer tension spring shortens proportionally and synchronously with the high-temperature creep of the wave segment. Compensation is achieved by driving the compensation block to move linearly upward through inclined plane compression. During the compensation process, the increase in preload caused by spring shortening is offset, avoiding a continuous increase in stress per unit area, reducing the vicious cycle of accelerated creep, and delaying the thermomechanical fatigue damage of the return spring.

[0018] 2. This invention addresses the core safety issue of the continuously decreasing safe isolation distance between the detonating pin and the detonator due to spring creep shortening, which easily leads to accidental detonation. Based on primary linear compensation, it achieves secondary rotational compensation by unlocking the rotational degree of freedom of the universal ball and guiding directional rotation with the oblique guide notch, combined with the gradually increasing radius design of the gradually curved side. This further increases the supporting stroke of the compensation block on the pressure piston, accurately compensating for the distance reduction caused by different degrees of spring creep, ensuring that the detonating pin and the detonator always maintain the designed safe isolation distance, and reducing the risk of accidental detonation on the ground / shallow well caused by excessively small distance.

[0019] 3. This invention addresses the problem of uneven stiffness and natural frequency shift caused by spring creep, which exacerbates piston chatter, jamming, and release issues. It provides normal basic friction damping through the elastic section of the stabilizing structure to counteract the micro-motion of the lightning rod caused by wellbore pressure fluctuations. Furthermore, relying on the compensation action of the compensation block and the linkage of the extrusion plate and pressure plate, the damping effect is adaptively and progressively enhanced with the degree of spring creep, eliminating the "static friction dead zone" of piston movement and ensuring smooth and stable movement of the lightning rod and piston throughout the entire process. Structurally, this invention solves the piston chatter and jamming defects caused by high-temperature creep.

[0020] 4. This invention addresses the problem of action threshold drift caused by spring creep and the issue that the suction effect of lifting the gun string can easily lead to sudden piston movement and temporary conduction causing false triggering. By utilizing the continuous pressure of the extrusion plate on the pressure panel during the secondary rotation of the compensation block, the liquid pressure in the pressurized space reaches its peak value, and the damping resistance of the elastic section on the lightning rod reaches its maximum value simultaneously. This transforms the momentary sudden piston movement caused by the suction effect into a slow and controllable displacement, which avoids action threshold drift caused by piston flutter and sudden movement, and reduces false triggering of non-target layers caused by the suction effect, ensuring the accurate and reliable action logic of the explosion-proof gun head for "shallow well detonation and deep well conduction".

[0021] 5. This invention addresses the problem of long-term friction failure of internal components in the explosion-proof gun head, leading to a decrease in subsequent protective effects. The invention designs the elastic section as a wave-shaped structure and fixes a wear-resistant layer on the side in contact with the lightning rod. The wear-resistant layer directly reduces frictional loss in the elastic section, and the elastic margin of the wave-shaped structure can automatically compensate for the thinning of the contact surface caused by friction, ensuring that the elastic section is always in close contact with the lightning rod. This guarantees the damping structure's long-term stable operation under complex downhole conditions, preventing secondary attenuation of all previous protective effects due to damping failure, and achieving long-term effectiveness of the overall device performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the outer shell of the explosion-proof gun in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reset spring in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional view of the reset spring in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point A;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a half-section diagram of the reset spring in the first compensation state in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a half-sectional view of the reset spring of the present invention when it is under secondary compensation.

[0030] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point C;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the outer ring in this invention;

[0032] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point D;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a half-sectional view of the stabilizing structure in this invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a half-section diagram of the explosion-proof gun housing in the explosion-propelled state according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure panel in this invention.

[0036] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0037] 1. Explosion-proof gun housing; 2. Sealing element; 3. Detonation tube; 4. Connector; 5. Detonator; 6. Positioning seat; 7. Pressure piston; 8. Detonator rod; 9. Return spring; 10. Stabilizing structure; 81. Extrusion plate;

[0038] 91. Spring wave section; 92. Outer ring; 93. Compensation block; 931. Inner inclined side; 932. Gradual arc side; 94. Outer pull spring piece; 95. Limiting head; 951. Straight rod section; 952. Ball head; 96. Limiting vertical groove; 961. Inner vertical groove; 962. Inclined guide notch; 101. Lower connecting plate; 102. Upper connecting plate; 103. Connecting column; 104. Spring pressure ring; 105. Elastic section; 106. Waterproof layer; 107. Pressure plate; 1071. Hydraulic protrusion; 1072. First stage pressure surface; 1073. Second stage pressure surface. Detailed Implementation

[0039] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the present invention relates to an explosion-proof gun head device for cable-transmitted perforation, comprising an explosion-proof gun housing 1 with an internal cavity, a sealing element 2 connected to one end of the explosion-proof gun housing 1 and connected to an external cable, and a detonation tube 3 installed at the other end of the explosion-proof gun housing 1, with a connector 4 at the bottom of the detonation tube 3 for connecting to a perforation gun, a detonator 5 installed at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing 1 near the detonation tube 3, a positioning seat 6 fixed inside the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing 1, a pressure-bearing piston 7 at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing 1 away from the detonator 5, a lightning rod 8 fixed on one side of the pressure-bearing piston 7, and a return spring 9 between the outer periphery of the lightning rod 8 and the positioning seat 6. In addition to the above, sealing rubber and other components are also provided, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The return spring 9 includes a wave-shaped section 91. Under normal conditions, the elastic support of the wave section 91 enables the pressure piston 7 to drive the lightning rod 8 to maintain a safe isolation distance from the detonator 5, thus achieving the explosion-proof effect at the ground and shallow well stages. The wave section 91 is a ring structure made of elastic material. An outer ring 92 is fixed at the top of the wave section 91. Multiple compensation blocks 93 are limited and slidable at the top of the outer ring 92. One side of the compensation block 93 is set as an inclined inner side 931. An outer pull spring 94 made of the same material as the wave section 91 is provided between the inner side 931 and the outer ring 92. The outer pull spring 94 is limited and slidable with the inner side 931.

[0041] Working principle: When the device is lowered into the well and subjected to high temperature conditions for a long time, the spring segment 91 of the return spring 9 undergoes permanent shortening deformation due to repeated high temperature. The spring segment 91 of the return spring 9 and the outer tension spring 94 are made of the same elastic material. When the high temperature in the well causes the spring segment 91 to undergo thermal creep and permanent shortening, the outer tension spring 94 is affected by the same high temperature environment and undergoes proportional shortening deformation simultaneously, realizing the material linkage deformation of the spring body and the compensation component.

[0042] One end of the outer pull spring 94 is fixedly connected to the outer ring 92, and the other end is limited and slidable to the inner inclined side 931 of the compensation block 93 through a universal ball. The inner inclined side 931 is an inclined surface structure with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom towards the center of the return spring 9. When the outer pull spring 94 shortens synchronously, its fixed end position remains unchanged. The shortening deformation will be converted into an oblique reverse pressing force on the inner inclined side 931 of the compensation block 93 (this pressing force can be decomposed into an upward vertical component and a centripetal lateral component, in which the upward vertical component provides power for the lifting and lowering of the compensation block 93).

[0043] The compensation block 93 and the top of the outer ring 92 are in a limiting sliding fit. The lateral force is canceled out by the limiting structure of the outer ring 92, leaving only the upward vertical force to drive the compensation block 93 to move vertically upward along the limiting trajectory of the outer ring 92. The vertical upward movement of the compensation block 93 drives the top support piston 7 to synchronously reset the lightning rod 8 fixed to the piston. This precisely compensates for the reduction in the distance between the lightning rod 8 and the detonator 5 caused by the shortening of the spring wave segment 91, ensuring that the two always maintain the designed safe isolation distance. This avoids the risk of accidental explosion on the ground / shallow well caused by the small distance, and ensures the basic explosion-proof performance of the explosion-proof gun head after the high temperature creep of the spring. This achieves one compensation, which cancels out the increase in preload caused by the shortening of the reset spring 9 during the compensation process. This avoids the continuous increase in stress per unit area, reduces the vicious cycle of creep acceleration and jamming, and delays the thermomechanical fatigue damage of the reset spring.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to further enhance the effect of compensation, a secondary compensation structure is added.

[0045] The inner inclined side 931 is a slope with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom towards the center of the return spring 9. The end of the outer pull spring 94 away from the inner inclined side 931 is fixed to the outer ring 92. The limiting sliding between the end of the outer pull spring 94 and the inner inclined side 931 is achieved by a universal ball. A limiting head 95 and a limiting vertical groove 96 are provided between the compensation block 93 and the outer ring 92. The limiting head 95 is composed of a straight rod section 951 and a ball head 952. The limiting vertical groove 96 includes an inner vertical groove 961 that is adapted to the ball head 952. The inner vertical groove 961 near the compensation block 93 has a diagonal guide notch 962 for the ball head 952 to move and accommodate. The opening direction of the diagonal guide notch 962 is completely consistent with the rotation direction of the compensation block 93 pulled by the outer pull spring 94.

[0046] The limiting sliding of the outer pull spring 94 and the inner inclined side 931 of the compensation block 93 is achieved by the universal ball. Compared with the rigid sliding connection, the universal ball retains the axial sliding fit while unlocking the circumferential rotational degree of freedom for the compensation block 93. When the outer pull spring 94 shortens with the spring wave segment 91 to the end of the first linear compensation, the continuous contraction tension is no longer converted into a vertical component force, but is transmitted to the compensation block 93 through the spherical transmission of the universal ball.

[0047] Stable operation during a single compensation process: The limiting head 95 at the bottom of the compensation block 93 consists of a straight rod section 951 and a ball head 952. The ball head 952 is fitted into the inner vertical groove 961 of the outer ring 92. Before the compensation block 93 is pulled upwards in a straight line until the ball head 952 reaches the top of the inner vertical groove 961, the straight rod section 951 and the inner vertical groove 961 form a rigid vertical limit, completely offsetting the circumferential rotational force transmitted by the outer pull spring 94. This prevents the compensation block 93 from swaying or rotating during the straight upward phase, ensuring the stability of a single linear compensation process and preventing the centering deviation of the lightning rod 8 caused by the shaking of the compensation block 93.

[0048] The side of the compensation block 93 away from the inner inclined side 931 is set as the gradually changing arc side 932, and the gradually changing arc side 932 has a structure with the ball head 952 as the center and the radius gradually increasing.

[0049] Working principle: When the ball head 952 rises with the compensation block 93 to the top of the inner vertical groove 961 and enters the oblique guide notch 962, the vertical limiting constraint of the straight rod section 951 is released. At this time, the circumferential rotational force transmitted by the outer pull spring 94 becomes dominant, driving the compensation block 93 to rotate circumferentially with the ball head 952 as the rotation center, along the preset trajectory of the oblique guide notch 962. This avoids structural jamming caused by the irregular rotation of the compensation block 93 and ensures the accuracy of the rotational movement.

[0050] The side of the compensation block 93 furthest from the inner inclined side 931 is designated as a gradually increasing arc side 932. This structure is designed with the ball head 952 as the center and the radius gradually increasing. When the compensation block 93 rotates along the inclined guide notch 962, the outer circumference of the gradually increasing arc side 932 will gradually move towards the pressure piston 7. Utilizing the increasing radius of the arc surface, the compensation block 93 generates a radial and vertical composite displacement on the support point of the pressure piston 7. Compared with simple linear compensation, this rotational movement further increases the support stroke of the pressure piston 7, realizing secondary compensation of the isolation distance and greatly improving the degree of compensation. At the same time, the arc structure of the gradually increasing arc side makes the support force softer and avoids piston jamming caused by rigid support.

[0051] Furthermore, although the above measures avoid the shortening of the return spring 9, which could affect safety, and piston jamming, when adjusting the position of the injection hole, it is necessary to lift it during the descent, which can easily cause a suction effect. Also, during the descent, the lack of a damping structure can easily cause jamming.

[0052] The top of the positioning base 6 is fixed with a stabilizing structure 10 for stabilizing the movement of the lightning rod 8. Multiple extrusion plates 81 that can increase the stability of the stabilizing structure 10 are arranged between the outer periphery of the stabilizing structure 10 and the outer periphery of the compensation block 93. The multiple extrusion plates 81 are arranged in a ring array. The stabilizing structure 10 includes a lower connecting plate 101. An upper connecting plate 102 is provided above the lower connecting plate 101. A connecting post 103 is fixed between the upper connecting plate 102 and the lower connecting plate 101. A spring-loaded ring 104 is fixed between the inner sides of the lower connecting plate 101 and the upper connecting plate 102. The central area of ​​the spring-loaded ring 104 is set as an elastic segment 105 that contacts the lightning rod 8. The elastic segment 105 is elastic.

[0053] A waterproof layer 106 is fixed between the outer periphery of the lower connecting plate 101 and the upper connecting plate 102. A pressure space is set between the waterproof layer 106 and the spring ring 104. The pressure space is filled with pressurized liquid. Multiple pressure plates 107 are provided on the outer periphery of the waterproof layer 106.

[0054] The pressure plate 107 is connected to the lower connecting plate 101 and the upper connecting plate 102 by a limiting sliding connection. The side of the pressure plate 107 near the waterproof layer 106 has multiple protruding liquid-pressing protrusions 1071 integrally formed. The top of the pressure plate 107 is connected to a section of pressure surface 1072, which is inclined from bottom to top outward. When the outer side of the section of pressure surface 1072 contacts the end of the extrusion plate 81, it is pressed towards the waterproof layer 106 and displaces. One end of the extrusion plate 81 is fixed to the bottom of the compensation block 93. The top of the section of pressure surface 1072 extends to a second section of pressure surface 1073, which is inclined from bottom to top inward. The design of the second section of pressure surface 1073 means that even if the extrusion plate 81 rotates and causes a slight over-displacement, the inclined surface of the second section of pressure surface 1073 can provide an extrusion slope to return to the original position, so that even if misalignment occurs, adaptive reset can be performed.

[0055] Working principle: Under normal conditions, the stabilizing structure 10 fixed at the top of the positioning seat 6 has its central elastic section 105 in close contact with the outer periphery of the lightning rod 8. The elastic section 105, due to the slight deformation of its own elastic material, generates constant frictional damping resistance to the movement of the lightning rod 8. This frictional damping can effectively offset the micro-movement and chatter of the lightning rod 8 caused by wellbore pressure fluctuations and slight vibrations of the gun string under normal conditions, avoiding the "static friction dead zone" of the lightning rod 8 in the critical pressure zone, ensuring that the movement of the lightning rod 8 under the piston is smooth and stable, and solving the jamming problem in the undamped state. The elastic deformation of the elastic section 105 only generates moderate damping and does not hinder the normal downward movement of the lightning rod 8 with the downhole fluid column pressure, ensuring that the basic logic of "shallow well detonation stoppage and deep well conduction" is not affected.

[0056] When the return spring 9 is shortened under repeated high temperatures, its elasticity and other properties will change, making it easier for vibration and creep to occur. Therefore, an adaptive enhanced damping effect is required.

[0057] One-time compensation synchronous start, adaptive progressive state: When the compensation block 93 is driven by the shortening of the outer pull spring 94, it first rises in a straight line along the outer ring 92. At this time, when the end of the extrusion plate 81 is in the highest state (i.e., the distance between the lightning rod 8 and the detonator 5 is kept at the maximum), the extrusion plate 81 will extrude a section of the pressure surface 1072, further extruding the pressure space and strengthening the frictional damping force of the elastic section 105. At this time, the properties of the return spring 9 do not decrease significantly, and the safety danger is small. At this time, it only strengthens the damping of the initial stage and avoids the adjustment of the initial stage.

[0058] Secondary compensation is activated synchronously, with an adaptive progressive state: When the compensation block 93 rotates to the preset angle, the contact point between the extrusion plate 81 and the pressure plate 107 is increased, causing the pressure plate 107 to compress the volume of the pressure space. As the extrusion plate 81 continues to press against the pressure plate 107, the pressure of the pressurized liquid in the pressure space is gradually increased. The damping resistance of the elastic section 105 on the lightning rod 8 also reaches its maximum value simultaneously. The damping effect acts on the linkage structure between the lightning rod 8 and the piston. When the position of the firing hole is adjusted on site and the gun string is lifted to generate a suction effect, the strong damping resistance will transform the piston's instantaneous sudden movement into a slow and controllable displacement, completely avoiding the risk of false triggering caused by the piston's rapid downward movement and brief conduction due to suction.

[0059] As described above, the damping enhancement process is seamlessly synchronized with the rotation compensation process of the compensation block 93. The more severe the spring creep and the greater the compensation stroke, the stronger the damping effect. It not only achieves secondary stroke compensation for the safe isolation distance between the lightning rod 8 and the detonator 5, but also ensures that the piston moves without deviation or wobbling through high damping, thus solving the core hidden danger from the dual dimensions of "safe distance" and "action stability".

[0060] Furthermore, the elastic segment 105 has a wavy cross-section and a wear-resistant layer is fixed on the side of the elastic segment 105 near the lightning rod 8. This design ensures that when the contact surface of the elastic segment 105 becomes thinner due to long-term friction, the wavy design of the elastic segment 105 (its own wavy elastic material, with a design elastic margin to compensate for it) and the wear-resistant layer can prevent the inability to make contact after long-term friction, thus preventing the damping effect.

[0061] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation, characterized in that, The explosion-proof gun housing (1) includes an internal cavity. One end of the explosion-proof gun housing (1) is connected to a sealing element (2) which is connected to an external cable. The other end of the explosion-proof gun housing (1) is equipped with a detonating tube (3). The bottom of the detonating tube (3) is provided with a connector (4). A detonator (5) is installed at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing (1) near the detonating tube (3). A positioning seat (6) is fixed inside the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing (1). A pressure-bearing piston (7) is provided at the end of the cavity of the explosion-proof gun housing (1) away from the detonator (5). A lightning rod (8) is fixed on one side of the pressure-bearing piston (7). A return spring (9) is provided between the outer periphery of the lightning rod (8) and the positioning seat (6). The return spring (9) includes a wave-shaped section (91) with a wave-shaped cross section. The wave-shaped section (91) is an annular structure made of elastic material. An outer ring (92) is fixed at the top of the wave-shaped section (91). Multiple compensation blocks (93) are limited and slidably positioned at the top of the outer ring (92). One side of the compensation block (93) is set as an inclined inner side (931). An outer pull spring (94) made of the same material as the wave-shaped section (91) is provided between the inner side (931) and the outer ring (92). The outer pull spring (94) is limited and slidably positioned with the inner side (931). The inner inclined side (931) is an inclined surface with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom towards the center of the return spring (9), and the outer pull spring (94) is fixed to the outer ring (92) at the end away from the inner inclined side (931). The limiting sliding between one end of the outer pull spring (94) and the inner inclined side (931) is achieved by a universal ball. A limiting head (95) and a limiting vertical groove (96) are provided between the compensation block (93) and the outer ring (92). The limiting head (95) is composed of a straight rod section (951) and a ball head (952). The limiting vertical groove (96) includes an inner vertical groove (961) adapted to the ball head (952). The inner vertical groove (961) has an inclined guide notch (962) on the side near the compensation block (93) for the ball head (952) to move and accommodate.

2. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation block (93) is set as a gradually changing arc side (932) on the side away from the inner oblique side (931), and the gradually changing arc side (932) has a structure with the ball head (952) as the center and the radius gradually increasing.

3. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the positioning seat (6) is fixed with a stabilizing structure (10) for stabilizing the movement of the lightning rod (8). Multiple extrusion plates (81) that can increase the stability of the stabilizing structure (10) are arranged between the outer periphery of the stabilizing structure (10) and the outer periphery of the compensation block (93). The multiple extrusion plates (81) are arranged in a ring array.

4. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stabilizing structure (10) includes a lower connecting plate (101), an upper connecting plate (102) is provided above the lower connecting plate (101), a connecting column (103) is fixed between the upper connecting plate (102) and the lower connecting plate (101), and a spring-loaded ring (104) is fixed between the inner sides of the lower connecting plate (101) and the upper connecting plate (102). The central area of ​​the spring-loaded ring (104) is set as an elastic segment (105) that contacts the lightning rod (8), and the elastic segment (105) is elastic.

5. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 4, characterized in that, A waterproof layer (106) is fixed between the outer periphery of the lower connecting plate (101) and the upper connecting plate (102). A pressure space is set between the waterproof layer (106) and the elastic ring (104). The pressure space is filled with pressurized liquid. Multiple pressure plates (107) are provided on the outer periphery of the waterproof layer (106).

6. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure plate (107) is connected to the lower connecting plate (101) and the upper connecting plate (102) by a limiting sliding connection. The pressure plate (107) has multiple protruding liquid-pressing protrusions (1071) integrally formed on the side near the waterproof layer (106). The top of the pressure plate (107) is connected to a section of pressure surface (1072). The section of pressure surface (1072) is inclined from bottom to top and outward. When the outer side of the section of pressure surface (1072) contacts the end of the extrusion plate (81), it is pressed towards the waterproof layer (106) and displaces. One end of the extrusion plate (81) is fixed to the bottom of the compensation block (93).

7. The explosion-proof gun head device for cable conveying perforation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the first pressing surface (1072) extends to the second pressing surface (1073), and the second pressing surface (1073) is inclined inward from bottom to top.

8. A fireproof nozzle device for cable conveying perforation according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, The elastic segment (105) has a wavy cross-section and a wear-resistant layer is fixed on the side of the elastic segment (105) near the lightning rod (8).

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