Large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device

Abstract

A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device is composed of a separation ring, an inner support protective cover, a detonator seat, an energy-gathering cutting cable assembly, a connecting fastener and a detonator, the protective cover is internally provided with the energy-gathering cutting cable, after the detonation energy is transmitted to the main charge of the cutting cable through the transmission assembly of the detonator, the shaped charge is driven by the detonation wave to form a metal jet to cut and separate the separation ring, the high-level load transmitted by the projectile body is tension-compression decoupled through the tolerance control of the separation ring and the inner support protective cover, and a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device is given, which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable separation performance, high bearing capacity, large connection stiffness, light weight, convenient installation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device, belonging to the field of spacecraft structure technology. Background Technology

[0002] Linear separation devices are widely used for connection and separation between launch vehicle stages and between launch vehicles and payloads due to their advantages such as high connection rigidity, large load-bearing capacity and good separation synchronization. However, with the increasing carrying capacity of my country's launch vehicles, the load on the rocket shell is also increasing. Traditional linear separation devices often cannot adapt to the increasingly severe load environment. Separation devices under the coupling of axial compression and axial tension are prone to failure or even damage at weak points such as the separation surface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the development difficulties of interstage separation devices under ultra-large axial pressure loads of large-diameter launch vehicles. A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device is proposed, which solves the problem that the load-bearing capacity and separation performance of the separation device cannot be taken into account under large-diameter, ultra-large axial pressure loads.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device includes a separation half-ring, an inner support protective cover, a detonator seat, a protective filler block, a shaped charge cutting cable assembly, and a detonator;

[0006] The separation semi-ring is a 180° semi-ring structure with an I-shaped cross-section, and its upper and lower ends are connected to the two stages of the launch vehicle, respectively; the separation semi-ring is locally weakened on the surface away from the shaped charge cutting cable assembly;

[0007] The inner support protective cover is a ring structure with a convex cross-section. It has two detonator seat mounting holes, and one detonator seat is installed in each hole. The detonator seat is used to accommodate the detonator. The protruding part of the inner support protective cover is provided with a charging groove to accommodate the detonation transmission rubber sleeve. The inner support protective cover is connected to the separation half ring, so that the protruding part abuts against the separation half ring and the protruding part corresponds to the local weakening position of the separation half ring.

[0008] The protective filler block is cross-shaped and connects to two separate half-rings through its own lugs. It is used to fill the gap between the two half-rings after the separate half-rings are assembled.

[0009] The shaped charge cutting cable assembly includes a shaped charge cutting cable, a detonator, a detonator rubber sheath, and a T-shaped detonator assembly. The four sections of the shaped charge cutting cable are connected end to end to form four intersection points. One pair of opposite intersection points are connected by the detonator, and another pair of opposite intersection points are connected by the detonator and the T-shaped detonator assembly. The shaped charge cutting cable is installed inside the detonator rubber sheath. When separated, the initiator ignites the T-shaped detonator assembly, which then passes through the detonator.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0011] (1) The device of the present invention is suitable for linear separation devices with large diameter and ultra-large axial pressure loads, and is suitable for interstage separation of new generation large launch vehicles. It solves the problem that the load-bearing and separation performance of the separation device cannot be taken into account under large diameter and ultra-large axial pressure loads. It not only has high connection stiffness and strong load-bearing capacity, but also provides a high-strength connection interface and high separation reliability.

[0012] (2) The integrated tension-compression decoupling structure of this invention bears relatively severe axial compression loads through an integral protective cover that adapts to the load distribution. While ensuring separation and protection functions, it has strong load-bearing capacity and overall rigidity. The axial tensile load is borne by the I-shaped cross-section and connecting bolts, achieving tension-compression decoupling. This provides a high-load-bearing linear separation device design scheme with a simple structure and strong load-bearing capacity. In addition, setting grid windows at certain angles can effectively ensure the structural load-bearing capacity while greatly reducing the structural weight and enhancing the overall transportation efficiency of the launch vehicle.

[0013] (3) The device of the present invention overcomes the problems of shell size expansion and unreliable detonation caused by huge temperature difference during the operation of the launch vehicle. It innovatively designs a combined cutting cable layout, which greatly improves the ease of installation, environmental adaptability and separation reliability of the cutting cable device.

[0014] (4) The present invention adopts a combined cutting cable layout structure to adapt to the size expansion and detonation gap changes caused by the large temperature difference of the launch vehicle shell. The segmented shaped charge cutting cable has highly reliable detonation and separation functions.

[0015] (5) The device of the present invention achieves load redistribution under complex and severe working conditions by using a tension-compression decoupling design method in which the protective cover and the separation shell bear axial compression and axial tension loads respectively, thereby significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the device.

[0016] (6) The device of the present invention has a simple structure, reliable separation performance, strong load-bearing capacity, large connection stiffness, light weight, and convenient installation. It is suitable for interstage connection and separation of launch vehicles under large diameter and ultra-large axial compression load. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separated semi-ring.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner support protective cover.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detonator holder.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the protective filler block.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detonator transmission at the connection point of the combined cutting cable. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device includes a separation ring, an inner support protective cover, a detonator seat, a shaped charge cutting cable assembly, connecting fasteners, and a detonator. The protective cover houses the shaped charge cutting cable. After the detonator transfers the detonation energy to the main charge of the cutting cable via a detonation transmission component, the shaped charge liner is driven by the detonation wave to form a metal jet that cuts and separates the separation ring. This invention provides a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device for interstage separation of projectiles with diameters of 5m or even larger. By controlling the tolerances of the separation ring and the inner support protective cover, the high-level load transmitted by the projectile is decoupled through tension and compression. This device has advantages such as simple structure, reliable separation performance, strong load-bearing capacity, high connection stiffness, light weight, and convenient installation.

[0026] A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device includes a separation semi-ring 1, an inner support protective cover 2, a detonator seat 3, a protective filler block 4, a shaped charge cutting cable assembly 5, and a detonator. After assembly, it is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the cross-section is as follows Figure 2 As shown,

[0027] The separated semi-ring 1 is a 180° semi-ring structure, such as... Figure 3As shown, the cross-section is I-shaped, and can be made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy. The I-shaped cross-section controls the height of the separation half-ring with negative tolerance, so that the structure distributes a smaller axial compressive load when bearing load. The separation half-ring is connected to the upper stage of the launch vehicle through its first bolt hole 101 and to the lower stage of the launch vehicle through its second bolt hole 102. The bolt connection allows the separation half-ring to distribute more axial tensile load. At the same time, two grid windows 103 are set on the separation half-ring every 2°, which greatly reduces the weight of the separation half-ring while effectively ensuring the load-bearing capacity. A rectangular groove 105 is pre-set on the outer surface (i.e., the surface facing away from the shaped charge cutting cable assembly 5) corresponding to the separation position. When penetrated by the shaped charge cutting cable jet, the groove will cause stress concentration at the predetermined separation position, and the thicker area at both ends and the thinner groove position will form a sudden change in stiffness, which is conducive to the separation ring separating at the predetermined position. The separation half-ring 1 is also provided with connecting bolt holes 104.

[0028] The inner support protective cover 2 is a complete ring structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section is convex, and can be made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy. The convex cross-section creates an integral protective cover that adapts to load distribution. The height of the inner support protective cover is controlled according to positive tolerances, allowing the structure to distribute a larger axial compressive load under load. Two detonator mounting holes 202 are provided to achieve dual-point detonation. Simultaneously, two non-continuous grid windows 204 are provided on the protective cover at 2° intervals, which can significantly reduce weight while effectively ensuring the load-bearing capacity and overall rigidity of the inner support protective cover. The inner support protective cover 2 also has a charge slot 201 and a third screw hole 203.

[0029] Detonator base 3 Figure 5 As shown, metal materials such as steel can be selected. Its external thread 301 matches the mounting port of the inner support protective cover 202, and its internal thread 302 matches the corresponding interface of the detonator. A hexagon 303 is set at the detonator end. The installation torque is applied to the inner support protective cover through the hexagon. The structure is simple and easy to install.

[0030] Protective filler block 4 is cross-shaped, such as Figure 6 As shown, the two lugs are connected to the separation half ring through bolt holes 401. The front end face 402 is close to the separation half ring. Two bolts connect the two separation half rings respectively. The protective filler is used to fill the gap between the two half rings after the separation half rings are assembled, providing protection without affecting the separation and protecting the normal operation of the internal explosion transmission link.

[0031] The shaped charge cutting cable assembly 5 is the working element in this example. It consists of a shaped charge cutting cable 501, a detonator 502, a detonator rubber sheath 503, and a T-type detonator assembly 504. Figure 7As shown. This invention adopts a combined cutting cable layout structure. The shaped charge cutting cable 501 is divided into four segments of equal length, connected end-to-end to form four intersection points. A pair of opposite intersection points are connected by a detonating detonator 502, as shown. Figure 7 As shown in Figure a, another pair of opposite intersections are connected by a T-type detonation transmission assembly 504 and a detonation detonator 502, as follows: Figure 7 As shown in b, this design can adapt to the dimensional expansion and detonation gap changes caused by large temperature differences in the launch vehicle, preventing problems such as breakage of the internal cutting cable due to shell deformation, and possessing a highly reliable separation function. Simultaneously, the T-shaped detonation assembly 504 optimizes the detonation method to vertical detonation at the detonation position, greatly enhancing the separation performance at the detonation position and making detonator installation more convenient.

[0032] The detonating rubber sleeve 503 has good ductility and installation adaptability, and is used for filling and fixing the shaped charge cutting cable. Before installing the shaped charge cutting cable, the detonator seat 3 is first screwed into the mounting hole of the inner support protective cover 202 through the external thread 301 to form a reliable connection. The shaped charge cutting cable 501 is vertically detonated through the detonator via the T-type detonating assembly 504 and the detonating detonator 502. The detonating rubber sleeve 503 is installed in the charging slot 201 of the inner support protective cover 2. Then, the detonating detonator end of the shaped charge cutting cable is inserted into the detonating rubber sleeve. The shaped charge cutting cable assembly 5 is then pressed into the charging slot 201 of the inner support protective cover 2 little by little from the detonating end.

[0033] After the energy-concentrating cutting cable assembly 5 is installed into the inner support protective cover 2, the separation half-ring 1 is installed. The connecting bolt hole 104 of the separation half-ring 1 is located at the lower part of the separation groove, and the connecting bolt hole 203 of the inner support protective cover 2 is located in the grid window. The end face 106 of the separation half-ring 1 is pressed against the end face 205 of the inner support protective cover 2. The connecting bolt hole 104 of the separation half-ring 1 is aligned with the third screw hole 203 of the inner support protective cover 2, and then connected by fasteners. The space between the two separation half-rings is filled by a protective slider, which is connected to the separation half-ring through the bolt holes 401 at the two lugs, and the front end face 402 is pressed against the separation half-ring.

[0034] During unlocking, the detonator installed on the detonator base 3 ignites the T-type detonation transmission assembly 504. The T-type detonation transmission assembly 504 ignites the shaped charge cutting cable 501 through the detonation transmission detonator 502. The shaped charge cutting cables transmit the detonation through the detonation transmission detonator 502. When the shaped charge cutting cable is working, a high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure shaped charge jet, detonation wave, and high-pressure gas are formed at the shaped charge angle position. The jet will penetrate and cut the shell of the semi-ring 1, completing the cutting and separation of part of the shell. Subsequently, the detonation wave and high-pressure gas act on the unseparated shell to completely separate the shell.

[0035] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

[0036] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device, characterized in that, Includes a separation half-ring, inner support protective cover, detonator seat, protective filler block, shaped charge cutting cable assembly, and detonator; The separation semi-ring is a 180° semi-ring structure with an I-shaped cross-section, and its upper and lower ends are connected to the two stages of the launch vehicle, respectively; the separation semi-ring is locally weakened on the surface away from the shaped charge cutting cable assembly; The inner support protective cover is a ring structure with a convex cross-section. It has two detonator seat mounting holes, and one detonator seat is installed in each hole. The detonator seat is used to accommodate the detonator. The protruding part of the inner support protective cover is provided with a charging groove to accommodate the detonation transmission rubber sleeve. The inner support protective cover is connected to the separation half ring, so that the protruding part abuts against the separation half ring and the protruding part corresponds to the local weakening position of the separation half ring. The protective filler block is cross-shaped and connects to two separate half-rings through its own lugs. It is used to fill the gap between the two half-rings after the separate half-rings are assembled. The shaped charge cutting cable assembly includes a shaped charge cutting cable, a detonator, a detonator rubber sheath, and a T-shaped detonator assembly. The four sections of the shaped charge cutting cable are connected end to end to form four intersection points. One pair of opposite intersection points are connected by the detonator, and another pair of opposite intersection points are connected by the detonator and the T-shaped detonator assembly. The shaped charge cutting cable is installed inside the detonator rubber sheath. When separated, the initiator ignites the T-shaped detonator assembly, which then passes through the detonator.

2. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separating half-ring is made of aluminum alloy.

3. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the I-shaped cross-section of the split semi-ring is controlled according to negative tolerance.

4. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two grid windows are set on the separation half-ring every 2°, which greatly reduces the weight of the separation half-ring while effectively ensuring the load-bearing capacity.

5. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner support protective cover is made of aluminum alloy.

6. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the inner support protective cover is controlled according to positive tolerance.

7. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, By setting two non-continuous grid windows every 2° on the inner support protective cover, the weight can be greatly reduced while effectively ensuring the load-bearing capacity and overall rigidity of the inner support protective cover.

8. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detonator base is made of steel.

9. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detonator base is hexagonal at the detonator end, and the installation torque is applied to the inner support protective cover through the hexagon.

10. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During unlocking, the detonator installed on the detonator base ignites the T-type detonation transmission assembly. The T-type detonation transmission assembly ignites the shaped charge cutting cable through the detonation transmission detonator. The shaped charge cutting cables transmit the detonation through the detonation transmission detonator. When the shaped charge cutting cable is working, a high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure shaped charge jet, detonation wave, and high-pressure gas are formed at the shaped charge angle position. The jet will penetrate and cut the semi-annular shell, completing the cutting and separation of part of the shell. Subsequently, the detonation wave and high-pressure gas act on the unseparated shell to completely separate the shell.

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