A method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mine contaminated soil heavy metal high-efficiency leaching removal effect prediction methods, belong to soil leaching data processing technical field.The method includes the following steps: according to the soil characteristic parameter of specified area soil, the concentration of reference leaching agent is corrected, and the corresponding initial leaching agent concentration is obtained;According to the soil state parameter of each time monitoring point of specified area soil, the leaching speed of specified area soil is dynamically adjusted;According to the soil permeability parameter of each monitoring period of specified area soil, the leaching agent injection time of specified area soil is dynamically adjusted, and the corresponding leaching removal effect is predicted after each monitoring period ends.The application can improve the efficiency and effect of leaching process by correcting the concentration of leaching agent, dynamically adjusting the speed of leaching agent and the injection time of leaching agent, and can also optimize the leaching scheme according to real-time monitoring data to ensure the best removal effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil leaching data processing, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heavy metal leaching of contaminated soil in a mining area refers to a process of dissolving and removing heavy metal pollutants in soil by water or chemical solution. As an effective soil remediation method, leaching technology extracts heavy metals from soil using solvents to reduce their toxicity and mitigate the threat to the ecological environment and human health.

[0003] Existing methods for predicting the heavy metal leaching removal of contaminated soil in a mining area mainly predict the heavy metal removal effect in the leaching process by establishing mathematical models and computer simulations. Based on factors such as soil physicochemical properties, heavy metal types, properties and flow patterns of leaching solutions, the kinetics of heavy metal dissolution and migration are derived through experimental data or theoretical analysis.

[0004] For example, the patent application with the publication number CN118966011A discloses a method and system for determining leaching conditions in soil leaching remediation, which includes: a soil detection device collects pollutant values at different depths of the soil to be repaired, and constructs a soil data matrix according to the pollutant values, with each row representing soil pollutant values at different depths and each column representing values of the same pollutant at different depths; the composition of the mixed leaching agent, the concentration of each component, and the leaching time are determined based on the soil data matrix, each component of the mixed leaching agent is encoded to obtain a label embedding matrix, and a label attention matrix of the soil data matrix is calculated based on the label embedding matrix and the soil data matrix; the content of each leaching agent in the mixed leaching agent is determined based on the label attention matrix and the concentration of each component.

[0005] For example, the patent application with the publication number CN117238384A discloses a numerical simulation method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ore, which includes: setting the input flow rate and concentration of the ore solution; based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil, the Richards equation is used to construct the matric potential function of the ore layer soil; then the relationship between the water content of the ore layer and time is determined; based on the relationship between the water content of the ore layer and time, the diffusion coefficient is solved by the convection-diffusion equation, and then the output flow rate and rare earth element concentration of the ore solution are determined; the leaching efficiency of the rare earth ore is determined based on the input flow rate and concentration of the ore solution, and the output flow rate and rare earth element concentration of the ore solution.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical scheme of the present application, the present application has found that the above-mentioned technology at least has the following technical problems:

[0007] In the prior art, for the mine contaminated soil with acidic pH, the minerals and acidic substances in the soil will react with the leaching solution during leaching, causing the pH of the soil to change constantly, which may trigger the re-adsorption of heavy metals or the precipitation of hydroxide. The traditional model only considers the initial and final states of heavy metal leaching removal, and does not consider the sudden drop in removal rate caused by dynamic precipitation of pH, resulting in low prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application provides a mine contaminated soil heavy metal efficient leaching removal effect prediction method, which solves the problem of low prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect in the prior art for the mine contaminated soil with acidic pH. The minerals and acidic substances in the soil will react with the leaching solution during leaching, causing the pH of the soil to change constantly, which may trigger the re-adsorption of heavy metals or the precipitation of hydroxide. The traditional model only considers the initial and final states of heavy metal leaching removal, and does not consider the sudden drop in removal rate caused by dynamic precipitation of pH, resulting in low prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect. The prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect is improved.

[0009] The present application provides a mine contaminated soil heavy metal efficient leaching removal effect prediction method, which solves the problem of low prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect in the prior art for the mine contaminated soil with acidic pH. The minerals and acidic substances in the soil will react with the leaching solution during leaching, causing the pH of the soil to change constantly, which may trigger the re-adsorption of heavy metals or the precipitation of hydroxide. The traditional model only considers the initial and final states of heavy metal leaching removal, and does not consider the sudden drop in removal rate caused by dynamic precipitation of pH, resulting in low prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect. The prediction accuracy of leaching removal effect is improved.

[0010] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0011] 1、The present application provides a mine contaminated soil heavy metal efficient leaching removal effect prediction method, which can dynamically adjust the leaching process parameters according to the mine soil type and characteristic parameters of the specified area soil, accurately control the concentration, speed and time of the leaching agent, and then realize the dynamic adjustment of the soil state and the penetration degree according to the real-time monitoring data, maximize the soil pollution removal efficiency, ensure the scientificity and efficiency of the mine soil remediation process, and improve the prediction accuracy of the leaching removal effect of the mine contaminated soil heavy metal.

[0012] 2、The application can correct the reference eluent concentration according to the soil characteristic parameters of the specified area soil, thereby optimizing the eluent concentration for different soil types and characteristics, improving the precision of the elution effect, and then dynamically adjusting the initial eluent concentration according to the actual soil conditions, ensuring the maximum removal efficiency of heavy metals in the elution process, while avoiding resource waste and environmental negative impact.

[0013] 3、The application dynamically adjusts the reference elution speed of the soil in the specified area based on the soil state determination result, thereby being able to respond to the changes in the soil state in real time, accurately control the application rate of the eluent, and then optimize the elution process under different soil conditions, improve the removal effect of heavy metals in the soil, reduce resource waste and possible environmental impact, and ensure the efficiency and sustainability of soil remediation work.

[0014] 4、The application dynamically adjusts the eluent injection time of the soil in the specified area based on the soil penetration degree determination result, thereby being able to flexibly adjust the injection time according to the changes in the soil permeability, ensure that the eluent is fully penetrated and reacted in the soil, and then optimize the elution process under different penetration conditions, improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals in the soil, avoid excessive use of the eluent, reduce environmental burden, and improve the overall effect and sustainability of soil remediation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A flow chart of a mine area contaminated soil heavy metal efficient elution removal effect prediction method is provided for the embodiments of the application.

[0016] Figure 2 A flow chart of eluent concentration and speed adjustment optimization is provided for the embodiments of the application.

[0017] Figure 3 A flow chart of eluent injection time optimization is provided for the embodiments of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area, solves the problem that in the prior art, when the soil in a mining area with acidic pH is leached, the minerals and acidic substances in the soil will react with the leaching solution, the pH of the soil changes continuously, and the heavy metal re-adsorption or hydroxide precipitation can be triggered, and the traditional model determines the heavy metal removal rate under different conditions through laboratory or field leaching tests, establishes an empirical relationship, only considers the initial and final states of the heavy metal leaching removal, and does not consider the sudden drop of the removal rate caused by the dynamic precipitation of pH, resulting in low prediction accuracy of the leaching removal effect, the reference leaching process parameters and the soil permeation adjustment coefficient corresponding to the soil type of the soil in the specified area are obtained according to the soil type of the soil in the specified area, the reference leaching process parameters include the reference leaching agent concentration, the reference leaching speed and the reference leaching time, the obtained reference leaching agent concentration is corrected according to the soil characteristic parameters of the soil in the specified area, and the corresponding initial leaching agent concentration is obtained; the soil state is quantitatively judged according to the soil state parameters obtained by the soil in the specified area at each time monitoring point, and a soil state judgment result is obtained; the reference leaching speed of the soil in the specified area is dynamically adjusted based on the soil state judgment result; the soil permeation degree is quantitatively judged according to the soil permeation parameters obtained by the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period, and a soil permeation degree judgment result is obtained; the leaching agent injection time of the soil in the specified area is dynamically adjusted based on the soil permeation degree judgment result, and the corresponding leaching removal effect is predicted after each monitoring time period ends, and the prediction accuracy of the leaching removal effect is improved.

[0019] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application solves the problem that in the prior art, when the soil in a mining area with acidic pH is leached, the minerals and acidic substances in the soil will react with the leaching solution, the pH of the soil changes continuously, and the heavy metal re-adsorption or hydroxide precipitation can be triggered, and the traditional model only considers the initial and final states of the heavy metal leaching removal, and does not consider the sudden drop of the removal rate caused by the dynamic precipitation of pH, resulting in low prediction accuracy of the leaching removal effect, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0020] The reference leaching process parameters are determined according to the soil type of the soil in the specified area, the leaching agent concentration is corrected in combination with the soil characteristic parameters, the leaching speed, the injection time and the permeability are dynamically adjusted, the soil state and the permeation degree are quantitatively judged in real time, and then the leaching removal effect is predicted after each monitoring time period ends, so that the soil leaching process is optimized, and the heavy metal removal efficiency and the prediction accuracy are improved.

[0021] In order to better understand the above technical scheme, the above technical scheme will be described in detail in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0022] As Figure 1As shown, a flow chart of a method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining corresponding reference leaching process parameters and soil permeation adjustment coefficients according to the soil type of the specified area soil, the reference leaching process parameters including reference leaching agent concentration, reference leaching speed and reference leaching time, correcting the obtained reference leaching agent concentration according to the soil characteristic parameters of the specified area soil, and obtaining the corresponding initial leaching agent concentration, wherein the specified area soil refers to each soil area divided according to the area average of the contaminated soil in the mining area to be leached; quantitatively determining the soil state according to the soil state parameters obtained at each time monitoring point of the specified area soil, obtaining the soil state determination result, and dynamically adjusting the reference leaching speed of the specified area soil based on the soil state determination result; quantitatively determining the soil permeation degree according to the soil permeation parameters obtained at each monitoring time period of the specified area soil, obtaining the soil permeation degree determination result, and dynamically adjusting the leaching agent injection time of the specified area soil based on the soil permeation degree determination result, and predicting the corresponding leaching removal effect after each monitoring time period ends by using the existing mechanism model combined with data driving, constructing a response surface model or a machine learning algorithm such as random forest, neural network based on leaching related data such as leaching liquid concentration, leaching speed and leaching agent injection time, and outputting the heavy metal removal rate curve under different parameter combinations to realize accurate regulation and control of the repair process.

[0023] In the embodiment, the initial leaching agent concentration is corrected according to the soil characteristic parameters, so that the leaching concentration can be optimized for different areas and soil types, thereby improving the removal efficiency of heavy metals; the soil state is determined in real time according to the soil state parameters, and the leaching speed is dynamically adjusted to adapt to the changes in soil properties, maintain the efficiency of the leaching process, and avoid the influence of too fast or too slow leaching speed on the removal effect or cause secondary pollution of the soil; the soil permeation is evaluated according to the soil permeation parameters, and the injection time is dynamically adjusted to optimize the use of leaching agent, so that it can penetrate into the soil and react better with heavy metals, and the leaching removal effect is predicted and evaluated in advance according to the feedback of different monitoring time periods, to ensure the efficient removal of heavy metals. By dynamically adjusting multiple parameters in the leaching process, the inappropriate treatment method is avoided to cause additional burden to the environment, and the waste of chemical agents is also reduced, so that the entire removal process is more environmentally friendly and efficient, and has operability and flexibility.

[0024] In addition, the soil leaching database is used to store data related to the prediction method of the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in the mining area, including: the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to each soil characteristic index interval, the influence proportion of the coarse particle proportion, the critical coarse particle proportion, the critical average particle size and the critical porosity, etc. The data in the soil leaching database can be directly obtained from public databases such as the soil information system and the environmental monitoring center database, or can be obtained through cooperation with research institutes in the fields of mineral resources and ecological environment, etc.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2 The flowchart of the leaching agent concentration and speed adjustment and optimization provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. First, the soil characteristic index of the specified area soil is calculated based on the soil characteristic parameters of the soil in the specified area. Then, the initial leaching concentration of the soil in the specified area is corrected by matching the concentration correction value according to the soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area. The soil state index is calculated by real-time monitoring of the soil state parameters, and the leaching agent speed is dynamically adjusted based on the comparison result of the soil state index and the soil state index threshold value. When the soil state index is less than the soil state index threshold value, the leaching agent speed is dynamically adjusted until the soil state index is greater than or equal to the soil state index threshold value. When the soil state index is greater than or equal to the soil state index threshold value, the current leaching agent speed is maintained, and the leaching time is adjusted subsequently. Specifically, the reference leaching agent concentration obtained according to the soil characteristic parameters of the soil in the specified area is corrected to obtain the corresponding initial leaching agent concentration. The specific steps are as follows:

[0026] First, the influence of the soil characteristics of the specified area soil on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent is quantified according to the obtained soil characteristic parameters, and the soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area is obtained. The soil characteristic index represents the quantified data of the influence degree of the soil characteristic parameters on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent. The soil characteristic parameters include the coarse particle proportion, the average particle size and the porosity.

[0027] The specified soil area is a three-dimensional area. The soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area is obtained by quantifying the influence of the soil characteristics of the specified area soil on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent according to the obtained soil characteristic parameters. The steps include: obtaining soil characteristic parameter reference data from a pre-set soil leaching database, including: critical coarse particle proportion, critical average particle size and critical porosity; performing proportionality proximity operation on the soil characteristic parameters of the soil in the specified area and the corresponding soil characteristic parameter reference data respectively, and coupling the proportionality proximity operation results after weighting processing by the soil characteristic parameter influence proportion to obtain the soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area. The soil characteristic parameter influence proportion includes the coarse particle proportion influence proportion, the average particle size influence proportion and the porosity influence proportion.

[0028] The soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area is obtained as follows:

[0029] ;

[0030] In the formula, represents the soil characteristic index of the i-th designated area soil, represents the influence proportion of coarse particle proportion, represents the influence proportion of average particle size, represents the influence proportion of porosity, represents the coarse particle proportion of the i-th designated area soil, which refers to the proportion of the mass of soil particles with a particle diameter greater than the standard particle diameter in the total mass of soil. It can be obtained by randomly taking a predetermined mass of soil from the designated area soil before leaching, and then obtaining the mass of soil particles with a particle diameter greater than the standard particle diameter through soil sieving. The ratio of the mass of soil particles with a particle diameter greater than the standard particle diameter to the total volume of the portion of soil is the coarse particle proportion. The greater the coarse particle proportion, the greater the soil characteristic index, represents the critical coarse particle proportion, represents the average particle size of the i-th designated area soil, which refers to the average size of soil particles. It can be obtained by randomly taking a portion of soil from the designated area soil before leaching, and then using methods such as laser particle size analysis or sieving analysis to obtain the size of each soil particle in the portion of soil, and then performing an average operation. The greater the average particle size, the greater the soil characteristic index, represents the critical average particle size, represents the porosity of the i-th designated area soil, which refers to the proportion of the volume of voids in the soil. The greater the porosity, the smaller the soil characteristic index. It can be obtained by randomly taking a portion of soil, and then using the volume container method and density method to measure the volume of the portion of soil and the volume of soil particles, respectively. The difference between the volume of the portion of soil and the volume of soil particles, compared to the volume of the portion of soil, is the porosity, represents the critical porosity, where i is the designated area soil number, i = 1, 2, 3,..., N, and N is the total number of designated area soils.

[0031] 、 and are respectively preset influence proportions of the coarse particle proportion, the average particle size and the porosity in the soil leaching database, and the influence proportions are numerical indicators for measuring the influence of the soil characteristic parameters on the soil characteristic index. Specifically, the coarse particle proportion, the average particle size and the porosity each have a mapping relationship table, and each possible soil characteristic parameter value and its corresponding soil characteristic index influence proportion are recorded in the table. The mapping relationship can be one-to-one or many-to-one. For example, in actual application, when the soil characteristic index of the soil in a specified area needs to be evaluated, the measured coarse particle proportion, average particle size and porosity can be respectively input into the corresponding mapping relationship table, and the influence proportion corresponding to these values can be quickly found, wherein the value of the influence proportion ranges from 0 to 1.

[0032] The coarse particle proportion, the average particle size and the porosity are interrelated. For example, the more coarse particle proportion the soil has, the larger the average particle size is, because coarse particle soil refers to the part with a particle diameter exceeding the standard particle size, and the more coarse particle proportion the soil has, the fewer the soil porosity is, but the size of the porosity is larger, so the permeability is high. The soil characteristic index obtained through comprehensive analysis can accurately reflect the key characteristics of the soil, such as permeability, water permeability and water retention capacity, thereby providing accurate parameter support for soil remediation. Dynamic correction of the leaching speed based on the soil characteristic index can adjust the leaching speed according to the characteristics of the soil, optimize the efficiency of the leaching process, and ensure effective removal of heavy metals, thereby improving the environmental friendliness and operability of the entire leaching process.

[0033] Then, the soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area is matched with the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to each soil characteristic index interval in the preset soil leaching database, to obtain the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to the soil characteristic index of the soil in the specified area. For example, each soil characteristic index interval and the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding thereto are one-to-one corresponding in the mapping relationship table in the soil leaching database, and each soil characteristic index interval and its corresponding leaching agent concentration correction value are recorded in the table. The relationship can be one-to-one or many-to-one. When the leaching agent concentration correction value is obtained, the soil characteristic index is only input into the mapping relationship table, and the soil leaching database can quickly locate and return the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to the soil characteristic index. The sum of the leaching agent concentration correction value and the reference leaching agent concentration of the soil in the specified area is the initial leaching agent concentration of the soil in the specified area.

[0034] Finally, the leaching agent concentration correction value is corrected to the reference leaching agent concentration of the soil in the specified area, to obtain the initial leaching agent concentration of the soil in the specified area.

[0035] In the embodiment, the reference leaching agent concentration is corrected according to the soil characteristic parameters, the solubility and migration rate of the target pollutants are directly improved, the corrected concentration is used as an initial parameter, a reliable benchmark is provided for subsequent dynamic adjustment of the leaching speed and time, and the repair cycle caused by initial deviation is reduced. In the embodiment, the efficiency and environmental friendliness of soil remediation are improved, the negative impact on the surrounding ecological environment is indirectly reduced, the utilization of resources is optimized, the long-term repair cost is reduced, and the sustainability and social acceptance of the soil remediation process are improved.

[0036] Further, the soil state is quantitatively determined according to the soil state parameters obtained at each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area, a soil state determination result is obtained, and the step of dynamically adjusting the reference leaching speed of the soil in the specified area based on the soil state determination result comprises:

[0037] First, the influence of the leaching agent on the soil state is quantified according to the soil state parameters of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area, and a soil state index of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area is obtained. The soil state index represents the quantification data of the influence of the soil state parameters on the soil health, and the soil state parameters include pH value, conductivity and soil respiration intensity.

[0038] Specifically, the influence of the leaching agent on the soil state is quantified according to the soil state parameters of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area, and the step of obtaining the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area comprises: obtaining soil state parameter reference data from a preset soil leaching database, specifically including: reference pH value, allowable deviation pH value, critical conductivity and critical soil respiration intensity; performing a relative compliance operation on the pH value, the reference pH value and the allowable deviation pH value of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area, to obtain a pH value influence parameter; performing a proportion approaching degree operation on the critical conductivity and the soil respiration intensity of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area and the conductivity and the critical soil respiration intensity, respectively, to obtain a conductivity influence parameter and a soil respiration intensity parameter; and coupling the pH value influence parameter, the conductivity influence parameter and the soil respiration intensity parameter after weighting treatment by using the soil state parameter influence proportion, to obtain the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area; the soil state parameter influence proportion includes a pH value influence proportion, a conductivity influence proportion and a soil respiration intensity influence proportion.

[0039] The soil state index of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area is obtained as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, represents the soil state index of the mth time monitoring point of the ith specified area soil, represents the pH value influence ratio, represents the conductivity influence ratio, represents the soil respiration intensity influence ratio, represents the pH value of the i-th designated area soil at the m-th time monitoring point, which can be directly measured by a pH meter, and the greater the difference between the pH value and the reference pH value, the smaller the soil state index, represents the reference pH value, represents the allowable deviation pH value, represents the conductivity of the i-th designated area soil at the m-th time monitoring point, which is a measure of the soil solution's conductivity and can be used to assess the metal content in the soil solution, and can be directly measured by a conductivity meter, and the greater the conductivity, the smaller the soil state index, represents the critical conductivity, represents the soil respiration intensity of the i-th designated area soil at the m-th time monitoring point, which can be directly measured by a respiration meter and is used to represent the metabolic activity of microorganisms and roots in the soil, thereby assessing soil activity, and the greater the soil respiration intensity, the greater the soil state index, represents the critical soil respiration intensity, wherein m is the number of each time monitoring point, m = 1, 2, 3,..., M, and M is the total number of time monitoring points.

[0042] 、 and are the preset influence ratios of pH value, conductivity and soil respiration intensity in the soil leaching database, which are numerical indicators for measuring the influence of the above soil state parameters on the soil state index. Specifically, there is a mapping relationship table for each of the pH value, conductivity and soil respiration intensity, which records each possible soil state parameter value and its corresponding soil state index influence ratio. These mapping relationships can be one-to-one or many-to-one. For example, in actual application, when the soil state index of a designated area soil at a certain time monitoring point needs to be assessed, the measured pH value, conductivity and soil respiration intensity can be input into the respective corresponding mapping relationship tables, and the influence ratios corresponding to these values can be quickly found, wherein the influence ratio has a value range of 0 to 1.

[0043] Then, the soil state index threshold and the standard pH range are obtained from the preset soil leaching database; the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area is compared with the soil state index threshold, if the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the soil in the specified area is less than the soil state index threshold and less than the soil state index corresponding to the last time monitoring point of the soil in the area, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the first level soil state, and the concentration of the leaching agent corresponding to the first level soil state is adjusted according to the preset concentration reduction amplitude, and whether the soil state index change amplitude corresponding to the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold is judged, if yes, the adjusted leaching agent speed is maintained until the corresponding soil state index is not less than the first soil state index threshold, otherwise, the concentration of the leaching agent corresponding to the next time monitoring point is gradually adjusted according to the concentration reduction amplitude until the soil state index change amplitude corresponding to the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold.

[0044] If the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the soil in a specified area is less than the soil state index threshold and greater than the soil state index corresponding to the last time monitoring point of the soil in the area, it indicates that the soil tolerance is enhanced, and the leaching intensity can be increased, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the second level soil state, and the concentration of the leaching agent corresponding to the second level soil state is adjusted according to the preset concentration increase amplitude, and whether the soil state index change amplitude corresponding to the next time monitoring point is not less than the soil state index change threshold is judged, if yes, the adjusted leaching agent speed is maintained until the corresponding soil state index is not less than the first soil state index threshold, otherwise, the concentration of the leaching agent corresponding to the next time monitoring point is gradually adjusted according to the concentration increase amplitude until the soil state index change amplitude corresponding to the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold.

[0045] If the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the soil in a specified area is less than the soil state index threshold and equal to the soil state index of the last time monitoring point of the soil in the area, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the third level soil state, and whether the pH value corresponding to the third level soil state is within the standard pH range is judged, if the pH value corresponding to a third level soil state is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, and a preset personnel is prompted to inject a neutral buffer until the pH value corresponding to the third level soil state is not less than the standard pH range, if the pH value corresponding to a third level soil state is greater than the maximum value of the standard pH range, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, and a preset personnel is prompted to inject a weak acid buffer until the pH value corresponding to the third level soil state is not less than the standard pH range, otherwise, the corresponding soil state index is marked as the soil state index threshold corresponding to the third level soil state.

[0046] If the soil condition index of a certain monitoring point in a certain area at a certain time is greater than or equal to the soil condition index threshold, the corresponding soil condition judgment result will be recorded as Level IV soil condition, and no additional processing will be performed.

[0047] In this embodiment, pH value, electrical conductivity, and soil respiration intensity are interrelated. For example, extremely acidic or alkaline soil environments inhibit microbial activity, thereby reducing soil respiration intensity; conversely, higher electrical conductivity also inhibits microbial activity, resulting in low soil respiration intensity. The soil state index obtained through comprehensive analysis reflects the overall health status of the soil. Dynamically adjusting the leaching rate of the soil in a designated area based on the soil state index allows for efficient leaching and removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil in mining areas, within the soil's tolerance level. This improves the efficiency of heavy metal leaching and removal, enhances the utilization efficiency of the leaching agent, reduces resource waste, and effectively prevents secondary pollution.

[0048] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a flowchart illustrating the optimization of leaching agent injection time according to an embodiment of this application. Its core logic can be summarized as follows: Soil permeability parameters are monitored in real time to calculate the soil permeability index. The soil permeability index is then compared with a preset first threshold and a second threshold, resulting in three scenarios: the soil permeability index is less than the first threshold, the soil permeability index is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, and the soil permeability index is greater than the second threshold. The leaching injection time is adjusted according to these scenarios. Specifically, when the soil permeability index is less than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to further determine whether the change in soil permeability index exceeds an increase threshold. If so, the current leaching injection time is maintained; otherwise, the leaching injection time is adjusted until the change in soil permeability index exceeds the increase threshold. The specific steps include: quantifying the soil permeability level based on soil permeability parameters obtained from the soil in the specified area during each monitoring period to obtain a soil permeability level determination result; and dynamically adjusting the leaching agent injection time for the specified area based on the soil permeability level determination result. First, the influence of soil properties on the migration and diffusion efficiency of leaching agents is quantified based on soil state parameters of soil in the designated area during each monitoring period. This yields the soil permeability index of soil in the designated area during each monitoring period. The soil permeability index represents the quantitative data on the degree of influence of soil permeability parameters on the migration and diffusion efficiency of leaching agents in the soil. Soil permeability parameters include permeability depth ratio, permeability area ratio, and permeability saturation.

[0049] The step of obtaining the soil permeability index of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period according to the influence of the soil characteristic of the soil state parameter of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period on the migration and diffusion efficiency of the leaching agent includes: obtaining soil state parameter reference data from a preset soil leaching database, specifically including: critical penetration depth ratio, critical penetration area ratio, and critical penetration saturation; performing proportionality closeness degree operation on the soil state parameter of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period and the soil state parameter reference data respectively, and then performing weighting processing on the proportionality closeness degree operation results respectively by using the soil state parameter influence proportion to obtain the soil permeability index of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period; and the soil state parameter influence proportion includes: penetration depth ratio influence proportion, penetration area ratio influence proportion, and penetration saturation influence proportion.

[0050] The soil permeability index of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period is obtained in the following manner:

[0051] ;

[0052] In the formula, represents the soil permeability index of the soil in the ith specified area at the kth monitoring time period, represents the penetration depth ratio influence proportion, represents the penetration area ratio influence proportion, represents the penetration saturation influence proportion, represents the penetration depth ratio of the soil in the ith specified area at the kth monitoring time period, represents the relative depth of the leaching agent penetrating into the deep layer of the soil in the soil, and can be obtained by using the penetration test to obtain the penetration depth of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period compared with the total depth of the soil in the specified area, represents the critical penetration depth ratio, represents the penetration area ratio of the soil in the ith specified area at the kth monitoring time period, represents the proportion of the area that can be penetrated by the leaching agent in the soil to the total area of the soil, and can be obtained by monitoring the liquid penetration range of the soil in the specified area in real time compared with the total area of the soil in the specified area, represents the critical penetration area ratio, represents the penetration saturation of the soil in the ith specified area at the kth monitoring time period, represents the proportion of the pore water in the soil to the maximum capacity, and can be obtained by taking the soil water content and the maximum water holding capacity of part of the soil to obtain the soil water holding capacity curve, represents the critical penetration saturation, wherein k is the monitoring time period label, k=1, 2, 3,..., B, and B is the total number of monitoring time periods.

[0053] 、 and The influence ratio corresponding to the preset penetration depth ratio, penetration area ratio and penetration saturation in the soil leaching database respectively, and these influence ratios are numerical indicators for measuring the influence of the above parameters on the soil penetration index. Specifically, the penetration depth ratio, penetration area ratio and penetration saturation each have a mapping relationship table, which records each possible soil penetration parameter value and its corresponding influence ratio. These mapping relationships can be one-to-one or many-to-one. For example, in actual application, when the soil penetration index of the soil in a specified area at a certain monitoring time period needs to be evaluated, the measured penetration depth ratio, penetration area ratio and penetration saturation can be input into the corresponding mapping relationship table respectively, and the influence ratio corresponding to these values can be quickly found, wherein the value of the influence ratio ranges from 0 to 1.

[0054] Then, the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the second threshold value of the soil penetration index are obtained from the preset soil leaching database; the soil penetration index of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period is compared with the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the second threshold value of the soil penetration index respectively, if the soil penetration index of the soil in a specified area at a certain monitoring time period is less than the first threshold value of the soil penetration index, the corresponding soil penetration degree determination result is recorded as the first penetration, i.e. in the state of insufficient penetration, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring time period is adjusted according to the difference between the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration.

[0055] The difference between the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration is marked as the first deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration; the unit injection time is obtained from the preset soil leaching database; the leaching agent extension time is obtained according to the soil penetration adjustment coefficient, the first deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration and the unit injection time, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring time period of the soil in the region is obtained by combining the leaching agent injection time, and the leaching agent injection time corresponding to the third penetration is the sum of the corresponding leaching agent extension time and leaching agent injection time. The leaching agent adjustment time is obtained as follows: ; wherein, represents the leaching agent extension time, represents the soil penetration adjustment coefficient, represents the first deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration, The unit injection time is represented. It is determined whether the change range of the soil permeability index of the soil in the next monitoring period of the region is not less than the preset soil permeability index increase range threshold. If yes, the current leaching agent injection time is maintained until the corresponding soil permeability index is not less than the first soil permeability index threshold. Otherwise, the corresponding leaching agent injection time is gradually adjusted according to the leaching agent extension time until the change range of the soil permeability index of the next monitoring period is not less than the soil permeability index increase range threshold. If the leaching agent injection time is not less than the maximum value but the change range of the soil permeability index is still less than the soil permeability index increase range threshold, an abnormal soil state prompt is issued to notify the preset personnel to intervene in the soil.

[0056] If the soil permeability index of the soil in a certain monitoring period of a certain specified region is within the range of the first soil permeability index threshold and the second soil permeability index threshold, the corresponding soil permeability degree determination result is recorded as second-level permeation, that is, in the best permeation effect state. The leaching agent injection time of the region soil corresponding to the second-level permeation is maintained.

[0057] If the soil permeability index of the soil in a certain monitoring period of a certain specified region exceeds the second soil permeability index threshold, the corresponding soil permeability degree determination result is recorded as third-level permeation, that is, in the over-permeation state, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring period is reduced according to the difference between the second soil permeability index threshold and the soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation.

[0058] The leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring period is reduced according to the difference between the second soil permeability index threshold and the soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation. The specific steps include: marking the difference between the second soil permeability index threshold and the soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation as the second deviation soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation; obtaining the leaching agent reduction time according to the soil permeability adjustment coefficient, the second deviation soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation, and the unit injection time, and then obtaining the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring period of the region soil by combining the leaching agent injection time. The leaching agent injection time corresponding to the third-level permeation is the difference between the corresponding leaching agent injection time and the leaching agent reduction time. The leaching agent reduction time is obtained as follows: ; wherein, The leaching agent reduction time is represented, The soil permeability adjustment coefficient is represented, The second deviation soil permeability index corresponding to the third-level permeation is represented, The unit injection time is represented. At the same time, it is judged whether the change range of the soil infiltration index of the next monitoring period is not less than the preset soil infiltration index reduction range threshold value. If yes, the current eluent injection time is maintained until the corresponding soil infiltration index does not exceed the second threshold value of the soil infiltration index. Otherwise, the corresponding eluent injection time is gradually adjusted according to the eluent reduction time until the change range of the soil infiltration index of the next monitoring period is not less than the soil infiltration index reduction range threshold value. If the eluent injection time is not less than the minimum value but the change range of the soil infiltration index is still less than the soil infiltration index reduction range threshold value, it is detected whether the sensor is faulty. If yes, a sensor abnormality prompt is issued to notify the preset personnel to maintain. Otherwise, the soil in the region is marked as abnormal regional soil, and each abnormal regional soil is counted. According to the cumulative leaching time of each abnormal regional soil, it is judged whether the leaching time of each abnormal regional soil is abnormal. The cumulative leaching time of each abnormal regional soil is compared with the preset leaching time threshold value. If the cumulative leaching time of a certain abnormal regional soil exceeds the leaching time threshold value, dynamic pH processing is performed according to the pH value and pH change trend of the abnormal regional soil. If the cumulative leaching time of a certain abnormal regional soil does not exceed the leaching time threshold value, otherwise, a soil state abnormality prompt is issued to notify the preset personnel to intervene in the soil.

[0059] In the acid mine soil under the continuous action of the acid eluent, the pH value of the abnormal area soil higher than the standard pH range is impossible to occur naturally, if the pH value is higher than the standard pH range due to excessive injection of alkaline substances, the injection of alkaline substances is stopped, and weak acid eluent is injected to adjust the pH value until the pH value of the abnormal area soil is within the standard pH range. The steps of dynamic pH treatment according to the pH value and pH change trend of the abnormal area soil include: if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and less than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to switch the acid eluent to neutral eluent, and a neutralizing agent is added to the abnormal area for plowing and mixing until the pH value is not less than the standard pH range; if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and greater than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, it indicates that the neutralization measure takes effect, whether the pH change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset rising amplitude threshold value, if yes, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to inject a neutralizing agent of a preset concentration until the pH value is not less than the standard pH range, otherwise, the neutral eluent action time is adjusted according to the preset eluent extension time step by step until the pH change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the rising threshold value; if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and equal to the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to neutralize the soil pH value, such as adding biochar or other alkaline substances, until the pH value of the abnormal area soil is within the standard range; if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is within the standard pH range and less than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH fluctuation prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to switch the acid eluent to neutral eluent to stabilize the pH value of the abnormal area soil; if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is within the standard pH range and greater than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, it indicates that the alkaline substances are added excessively, an abnormal soil pH fluctuation prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to stop the injection of all alkaline substances, and the soil is washed with a neutralizing agent until the pH value is stable; if the pH value of the abnormal area soil is within the standard pH range and equal to the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil permeability prompt is issued, the preset personnel is notified to stop the injection of the eluent and cover the impermeable film until the soil permeability index is less than the second threshold value of the soil permeability index.

[0060] In this embodiment, the infiltration depth ratio, infiltration area ratio, and infiltration saturation are interrelated. For example, the infiltration depth ratio and infiltration area ratio together determine the infiltration range and depth of the liquid or pollutant. Their ratios are closely related to soil physical properties such as porosity and particle size. Infiltration saturation reflects the soil's ability to accept infiltrated liquids; higher infiltration saturation means the soil can hold more water, affecting the efficiency and stability of the infiltration process. The soil permeability index obtained through comprehensive analysis can reflect the soil's infiltration characteristics, thereby optimizing pollutant remediation strategies and ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the soil remediation process. Dynamically correcting the soil injection time based on the soil permeability index can ensure the optimal contact time of the injected liquid, thereby improving the removal efficiency of pollutants and effectively avoiding remediation instability or secondary pollution diffusion caused by uneven soil infiltration or excessively rapid injection.

[0061] In summary, the embodiments of this application determine the reference leaching process parameters based on the soil type of the mining area in the specified region, and modify the leaching agent concentration in combination with soil characteristic parameters. The leaching speed, injection time and permeability are dynamically adjusted, and the soil condition and permeability are quantified and determined in real time. Then, the leaching removal effect is predicted after each monitoring period, thereby optimizing the soil leaching process and improving the heavy metal removal efficiency and prediction accuracy.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0063] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0065] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0066] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: According to the soil type of the specified area soil, the corresponding reference leaching process parameters and the soil permeability adjustment coefficient are obtained, the reference leaching process parameters including the reference leaching agent concentration, the reference leaching speed and the reference leaching time, the reference leaching agent concentration is corrected according to the soil characteristic parameters of the specified area soil, and the initial leaching agent concentration of the specified area soil is obtained; According to the soil state parameters of the specified area soil obtained at each time monitoring point, the soil state is quantitatively judged, the soil state judgment result is obtained, and the reference leaching speed of the specified area soil is dynamically adjusted based on the soil state judgment result; According to the soil permeability parameters of the specified area soil obtained at each monitoring time period, the soil permeability degree is quantitatively judged, the soil permeability degree judgment result is obtained, the leaching agent injection time of the specified area soil is dynamically adjusted based on the soil permeability degree judgment result, and the leaching removal effect is predicted after each monitoring time period ends; The step of correcting the obtained reference leaching agent concentration according to the soil characteristic parameters of the specified area soil to obtain the initial leaching agent concentration comprises: According to the obtained soil characteristic parameters, the influence of the soil characteristics of the specified area soil on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent is quantified, and the soil characteristic index of the specified area soil is obtained, the soil characteristic index representing the influence degree quantification data of the soil characteristic parameters on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent, the soil characteristic parameters including the coarse particle proportion, the average particle size and the porosity; The soil characteristic index of the specified area soil is matched with the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to each soil characteristic index interval in the preset soil leaching database, and the leaching agent concentration correction value corresponding to the soil characteristic index of the specified area soil is obtained; The reference leaching agent concentration of the specified area soil is corrected by the leaching agent concentration correction value, and the initial leaching agent concentration of the specified area soil is obtained; The step of obtaining the soil characteristic index of the specified area soil by quantifying the influence of the soil characteristics of the specified area soil on the heavy metal removal efficiency of the leaching agent according to the obtained soil characteristic parameters comprises: The soil characteristic parameter reference data is obtained from the preset soil leaching database, specifically including the critical coarse particle proportion, the critical average particle size and the critical porosity; The soil characteristic parameters of the specified area soil and the corresponding soil characteristic parameter reference data are subjected to proportionality closeness operation respectively, and the soil characteristic index of the specified area soil is obtained by coupling the proportionality closeness operation results after weighting processing by the soil characteristic parameter influence proportions; The soil characteristic parameter influence proportions include the coarse particle proportion influence proportion, the average particle size influence proportion and the porosity influence proportion.

2. The method for predicting the effect of high-efficiency leaching removal of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the soil state judgment result by quantitatively judging the soil state according to the soil state parameters of the specified area soil obtained at each time monitoring point and dynamically adjusting the reference leaching speed of the specified area soil based on the soil state judgment result comprises: According to the soil state parameter of each time monitoring point of the specified area soil, the influence of the leaching agent application on the soil state is quantified, and the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the specified area soil is obtained, which represents the degree of influence of the soil state parameter on the soil health, and the soil state parameter includes pH value, conductivity and soil respiration intensity; Obtain the soil state index threshold and standard pH range from the preset soil leaching database; Compare the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the specified area soil with the soil state index threshold, if the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the specified area soil is less than the soil state index threshold and less than the soil state index corresponding to the last time monitoring point of the soil in the region, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the first level soil state, and the leaching agent concentration corresponding to the first level soil state is adjusted according to the preset concentration reduction amplitude, and whether the soil state index change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold is judged, if yes, the adjusted leaching agent speed is maintained until the corresponding soil state index is not less than the first soil state index threshold, otherwise, the corresponding leaching agent concentration is gradually adjusted according to the concentration reduction amplitude until the soil state index change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold; If the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the specified area soil is less than the soil state index threshold and greater than the soil state index corresponding to the last time monitoring point of the soil in the region, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the second level soil state, and the leaching agent concentration corresponding to the second level soil state is adjusted according to the preset concentration increase amplitude, and whether the soil state index change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the soil state index change threshold is judged, if yes, the adjusted leaching agent speed is maintained until the corresponding soil state index is not less than the first soil state index threshold, otherwise, the corresponding leaching agent concentration is gradually adjusted according to the concentration increase amplitude until the soil state index change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the preset soil state index change threshold; If the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the specified area soil is less than the soil state index threshold and equal to the soil state index of the last time monitoring point of the soil in the region, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the third level soil state, and whether the pH value corresponding to the third level soil state is within the standard pH range is judged, if the pH value corresponding to a third level soil state is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, if the pH value corresponding to a third level soil state is greater than the maximum value of the standard pH range, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, otherwise, the corresponding soil state index is marked as the soil state index threshold corresponding to the third level soil state; If the soil state index of a time monitoring point of the specified area soil is greater than or equal to the soil state index threshold, the corresponding soil state determination result is recorded as the fourth level soil state, and no additional processing is performed.

3. The method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of quantifying the influence of the leaching agent application on the soil state according to the soil state parameter of each time monitoring point of the specified region soil, to obtain the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the specified region soil, comprises: Obtaining soil state parameter reference data from a preset soil leaching database, specifically including: reference pH value, allowable deviation pH value, critical conductivity and critical soil respiration intensity; Performing relative compliance operation on the pH value, reference pH value and allowable deviation pH value of each time monitoring point of the specified region soil, to obtain the pH value influence parameter; Performing proportion approaching degree operation on the critical conductivity and soil respiration intensity of each time monitoring point of the specified region soil, respectively with the conductivity and critical soil respiration intensity, to obtain the conductivity influence parameter and soil respiration intensity parameter; Performing weighting processing on the pH value influence parameter, conductivity influence parameter and soil respiration intensity parameter respectively by using the soil state parameter influence proportion, and then coupling, to obtain the soil state index of each time monitoring point of the specified region soil; The soil state parameter influence proportion comprises pH value influence proportion, conductivity influence proportion and soil respiration intensity influence proportion.

4. The method for predicting the effect of high-efficiency leaching removal of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of quantifying the soil permeation degree according to the soil permeation parameter obtained by the specified region soil at each monitoring time period, to obtain the soil permeation degree determination result, and dynamically adjusting the leaching agent injection time of the specified region soil based on the soil permeation degree determination result, comprises: Quantifying the influence of soil characteristics on the leaching agent migration and diffusion efficiency according to the soil state parameter of each monitoring time period of the specified region soil, to obtain the soil permeation index of each monitoring time period of the specified region soil, the soil permeation index representing the influence degree quantization data of the soil permeation parameter on the leaching agent migration and diffusion efficiency in the soil, the soil permeation parameter comprising penetration depth ratio, penetration area ratio and penetration saturation; Obtaining soil permeation index first threshold value and soil permeation index second threshold value from a preset soil leaching database; Comparing the soil permeation index of each monitoring time period of the specified region soil with the soil permeation index first threshold value and the soil permeation index second threshold value respectively, if the soil permeation index of a certain monitoring time period of a certain specified region soil is less than the soil permeation index first threshold value, then the corresponding soil permeation degree determination result is recorded as first-level permeation, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring time period is adjusted according to the difference between the soil permeation index first threshold value and the soil permeation index corresponding to the first-level permeation, and it is judged whether the soil permeation index change amplitude of the next monitoring time period of the region soil is not less than the preset soil permeation index increase amplitude threshold value, if yes, the current leaching agent injection time is maintained, until the corresponding soil permeation index is not less than the soil permeation index first threshold value, otherwise the corresponding leaching agent injection time is gradually adjusted according to the leaching agent extension time, until the soil permeation index change amplitude of the next monitoring time period is not less than the soil permeation index increase amplitude threshold value, if the leaching agent injection time is not less than the maximum value but the soil permeation index change amplitude is still less than the soil permeation index increase amplitude threshold value, then a soil state abnormality prompt is issued; If the soil penetration index of the soil in a specified area at a certain monitoring time period is within the range of the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the second threshold value of the soil penetration index, the corresponding soil penetration degree determination result is recorded as secondary penetration, and the current leaching agent injection time is maintained; If the soil penetration index of the soil in a specified area at a certain monitoring time period exceeds the second threshold value of the soil penetration index, the corresponding soil penetration degree determination result is recorded as tertiary penetration, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring time period is reduced according to the difference between the second threshold value of the soil penetration index and the soil penetration index corresponding to the tertiary penetration. At the same time, it is judged whether the soil penetration index change amplitude of the next monitoring time period is not less than the preset soil penetration index reduction amplitude threshold value. If yes, the current leaching agent injection time is maintained until the corresponding soil penetration index does not exceed the second threshold value of the soil penetration index. Otherwise, the corresponding leaching agent injection time is gradually adjusted according to the leaching agent reduction time until the soil penetration index change amplitude of the next monitoring time period is not less than the soil penetration index reduction amplitude threshold value. If the leaching agent injection time is not less than the minimum value but the soil penetration index change amplitude is still less than the soil penetration index reduction amplitude threshold value, it is detected whether the sensor is faulty. If yes, an abnormal sensor prompt is issued to notify the preset personnel to repair. Otherwise, the soil in the area is marked as abnormal area soil, and each abnormal area soil is counted. According to the cumulative leaching time of each abnormal area soil, it is judged whether the leaching time of each abnormal area soil is abnormal. If yes, dynamic pH processing is performed according to the pH value and pH change trend of the abnormal area soil. Otherwise, an abnormal soil state prompt is issued.

5. The method for predicting the high-efficiency leaching removal effect of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of quantifying the influence of the soil state parameter of the soil in a specified area at each monitoring time period on the migration and diffusion efficiency of the leaching agent to obtain the soil penetration index of the soil in the specified area at each monitoring time period comprises: Obtain soil state parameter reference data from a preset soil leaching database, specifically including: critical penetration depth ratio, critical penetration area ratio and critical penetration saturation; Perform proportionality closeness degree operation on the soil state parameter of the soil in a specified area at each monitoring time period and the soil state parameter reference data respectively, and then perform weighting processing on the proportionality closeness degree operation results respectively using the soil state parameter influence proportion to obtain the soil penetration index of the soil in a specified area at each monitoring time period; The soil state parameter influence proportion includes: penetration depth ratio influence proportion, penetration area ratio influence proportion and penetration saturation influence proportion.

6. The method for predicting the effect of high-efficiency leaching removal of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps of adjusting the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring time period according to the difference between the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration include: Mark the difference between the first threshold value of the soil penetration index and the soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration as the first deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration; Obtain the unit injection time from the preset soil leaching database; Obtain the leaching agent extension time according to the soil penetration adjustment coefficient, the first deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the first penetration and the unit injection time, and obtain the leaching agent injection time of the soil in the area at the next monitoring time period in combination with the leaching agent injection time.

7. The method for predicting the effect of high-efficiency leaching removal of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The difference between the soil penetration index second threshold value and the soil penetration index corresponding to the third penetration is marked as a second deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the third penetration. The difference between the soil penetration index second threshold value and the soil penetration index corresponding to the third penetration is marked as a second deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the third penetration. The leaching agent reduction time is obtained according to the soil penetration adjustment coefficient, the second deviation soil penetration index corresponding to the third penetration, and the unit injection time, and the leaching agent injection time of the next monitoring period of the soil in the region is obtained by combining the leaching agent injection time.

8. The method for predicting the effect of high-efficiency leaching removal of heavy metals in contaminated soil in a mining area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of dynamically processing the pH value of the abnormal region soil according to the pH value and the pH change trend includes: If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and less than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued; If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and greater than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, it is determined whether the pH change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than a preset rising amplitude threshold value, if yes, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued, otherwise the neutral leaching agent action time is adjusted according to the preset leaching agent extension time step by step until the pH change amplitude of the next time monitoring point is not less than the rising threshold value; If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is less than the minimum value of the standard pH range and equal to the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH value prompt is issued; If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is within the standard pH range and less than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH fluctuation prompt is issued; If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is within the standard pH range and greater than the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil pH fluctuation prompt is issued; If the pH value of the abnormal region soil is within the standard pH range and equal to the pH value of the last time monitoring point, an abnormal soil penetration prompt is issued, and a preset personnel is notified to stop the leaching agent injection until the soil penetration index is less than the soil penetration index second threshold value.

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