A nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply

Abstract

The application provides a nanosecond front edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, which comprises a power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence; the input end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit, and the primary discharge unit is used for receiving direct-current high voltage output by the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit and storing energy; the output end of the primary discharge unit is connected with the input end of the pulse transformer, the output end of the pulse transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage unit, the pulse transformer is used for generating a microsecond high-voltage pulse when the primary discharge unit discharges, and the secondary high-voltage unit receives and utilizes the microsecond high-voltage pulse to further generate a nanosecond high-voltage pulse, so that the nanosecond front edge high-voltage trigger power supply with the advantages of high output voltage, fast pulse front edge, repeatable frequency operation and convenient output polarity adjustment is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-voltage pulse power, in particular to a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of pulse power technology, the acquisition of higher output power is always an important direction of the development of pulse power technology. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of application fields, the development direction of pulse power also presents diversification, such as repeatable frequency operation, higher output energy, and specific pulse waveform. Regardless of the application scenario, in order to obtain a certain application effect, it is generally required to output a high-voltage pulse at a specific moment or according to a certain time sequence, which requires that the output moment of the pulse power device can be accurately controlled, which is generally realized by a trigger power supply. In the Marx type capacitor energy storage pulse power supply and the pulse transformer type device, the trigger power supply is an indispensable core component, and its core function is to output a high-voltage pulse at a specific moment, to forcibly turn on the main switch or to accurately control the output time sequence, so as to ensure the efficient operation and energy utilization efficiency of the whole device. The performance of the trigger power supply, especially the amplitude, front time, delay jitter and reliability of the output pulse, is a key parameter for measuring the performance of the pulse power device system.

[0003] At present, the scheme of directly boosting and then rectifying by using a power frequency transformer has a relatively simple circuit, but it is difficult to directly obtain a sub-microsecond or faster front pulse due to the leakage inductance, power capacity and insulation design of the transformer itself, and it has a large volume and weight and poor portability. On the other hand, although the Marx boosting technology can generate a nanosecond or even sub-nanosecond fast front pulse to meet the front requirement, the technology route needs to be equipped with an independent control unit, a charging power supply, a pulse forming module and multiple levels of switches, resulting in a complex system composition, a complicated control logic, insufficient application flexibility, a large overall volume, high cost and poor portability. Therefore, whether it is the power frequency transformer scheme or the Marx technology scheme, there is a problem of low system integration and many auxiliary devices.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be further developed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application relates to the field of high-voltage pulse power, in particular to a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, the present application provides a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, comprising:

[0007] The nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply comprises a power frequency boosting and rectifying unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence.

[0008] The input end of the power frequency voltage boosting rectifying unit is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the power frequency voltage boosting rectifying unit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit, and the primary discharge unit is used for receiving the direct current high voltage output by the power frequency voltage boosting rectifying unit and storing energy.

[0009] The output end of the primary discharge unit is connected with the input end of the pulse transformer, the output end of the pulse transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high voltage unit, the pulse transformer is used for generating microsecond high voltage pulses when the primary discharge unit discharges, and the secondary high voltage unit is used for receiving and further generating nanosecond high voltage pulses by using the microsecond high voltage pulses.

[0010] Specifically, the power frequency voltage boosting rectifying unit comprises a power frequency transformer and a rectifying filter circuit, the input end of the power frequency transformer is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the power frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the rectifying filter circuit, and the output end of the rectifying filter circuit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit.

[0011] Specifically, the primary discharge unit comprises a storage capacitor, a charging inductor and a large-current switch, the rectifying filter circuit comprises an output positive end and an output negative end, the output positive end of the rectifying filter circuit is connected with the input end of the charging inductor, the output end of the charging inductor is connected with the positive electrode of the storage capacitor and the anode of the large-current switch, and the output negative end of the rectifying filter circuit is connected with the cathode of the large-current switch.

[0012] Specifically, the negative electrode of the storage capacitor and the cathode of the large-current switch are connected with the input end of the pulse transformer, when the large-current switch is turned on, the storage capacitor forms a discharge circuit through the large-current switch and the primary coil of the pulse transformer.

[0013] Specifically, the primary discharge unit further comprises a starting signal unit, which is used for receiving an external starting signal and triggering the large-current switch to be turned on.

[0014] Specifically, the primary coil of the pulse transformer comprises a primary coil low-voltage end and a primary coil high-voltage end, the primary coil low-voltage end is connected with the negative electrode of the storage capacitor, the primary coil high-voltage end is connected with the cathode of the large-current switch and the output negative end of the rectifying filter circuit, and the output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer is connected with the secondary high voltage unit.

[0015] Specifically, the secondary high voltage unit comprises a first pulse capacitor, a second pulse capacitor and a gas switch.

[0016] One electrode of the first pulse capacitor and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor are connected to one output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer respectively, and are connected to one electrode of the gas switch respectively at the same time;

[0017] The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor are output ends of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0018] Specifically, when the primary coil of the pulse transformer is discharged, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer induces to generate microsecond high-voltage pulses, and charges the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor.

[0019] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor reaches the breakdown voltage, the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor are turned on and discharged in series, and nanosecond high-voltage pulses are generated at the output end of the first pulse capacitor and the output end of the second pulse capacitor.

[0020] Specifically, the secondary high-voltage unit further comprises an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor, for protecting the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0021] Advantages:

[0022] The present application provides a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, comprising a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence, which solves the technical problems of low system integration and many auxiliary devices in the prior art, and realizes a high-voltage trigger power supply with low pulse front, repeatable frequency operation and output polarity convenient adjustment. In addition, based on the integrated modularization and simple circuit design, the present application also has the excellent performance of compact size and high working reliability, greatly improving the usability and reliability of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is the circuit composition principle diagram of the nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is the circuit principle diagram of the start signal unit provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is the composition principle diagram of the output protection circuit provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is an output voltage curve changing with switch charging pressure provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a typical output waveform diagram provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is an output waveform diagram of 20Hz repetition frequency after changing polarity provided in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0030] In the above figures, the reference signs are as follows:

[0031] T2, pulse transformer; T1, power frequency transformer; Cp, energy storage capacitor; Lp, charging inductor; Sp, large current switch; C1, first pulse capacitor; C2, second pulse capacitor; Sw, gas switch; T11, first pulse transformer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts should all belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the direction words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only the directions of the drawings, therefore, the direction words used are used for illustration but not for limiting the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the trigger power supply is an indispensable important component of the pulse power device. Since it has multiple functions such as forced switch conduction and output time control, the performance of the trigger power supply is also an important parameter for measuring the performance of the pulse power device system. Therefore, designing and developing a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply with integrated design, simple structure and low cost is of great significance to the pulse power device, especially to the Marx type pulse power device.

[0034] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1The embodiment provides a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, which comprises a power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence; the input end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit is connected with an external power supply; the output end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit; the primary discharge unit is used for receiving the direct-current high voltage output by the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit and storing energy; the output end of the primary discharge unit is connected with the input end of the pulse transformer T2; the output end of the pulse transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage unit; the pulse transformer T2 is used for generating a microsecond high-voltage pulse when the primary discharge unit discharges; and the secondary high-voltage unit is used for receiving and further generating a nanosecond high-voltage pulse by using the high-voltage pulse.

[0036] It can be understood that, by means of the technical scheme, the integrated high-voltage pulse trigger power supply capable of generating tens of kilovolt nanosecond front high-voltage pulses and having a repeating working capability is provided; and the nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment can be applied to the fields of pulse power devices, flash photography, high-power microwaves, plasma discharge and material research.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit comprises a power frequency transformer T1 and a rectification filter circuit; the input end of the power frequency transformer T1 is connected with an external power supply; the output end of the power frequency transformer T1 is connected with the input end of the rectification filter circuit; and the output end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit.

[0038] It should be noted that the external power supply in the embodiment is an AC 220V power supply; the external power supply AC 220V is connected with a socket reserved in the embodiment, enters the input end of the power frequency transformer T1 of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectification unit, is boosted by the power frequency transformer T1, is connected with the rectification filter circuit to perform rectification and filtering processing, the mode of directly boosting and rectifying and filtering the commercial power by using the power frequency transformer can directly obtain the required kV-level pulsating direct-current high voltage, the circuit design is simple and the reliability is high, only the commercial power AC 220V input and the common pulse optical signal are needed to stably work, the control interface is less, the logic is simple and the reliability is high, when the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment is used as a trigger source of a Marx-type pulse power source, the natural capacitance voltage division design of the high-voltage end can avoid that the internal circuit components of the power supply are disturbed or even damaged under the high-voltage pulse peak / anti-peak impact, and the safety and stability of the embodiment are further improved.

[0039] Referring to Figure 2In the embodiment, the primary discharge unit comprises an energy storage capacitor Cp, a charging inductor Lp and a high-current switch Sp, the rectification filter circuit comprises an output positive terminal and an output negative terminal, the output positive terminal of the rectification filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the charging inductor Lp, the output terminal of the charging inductor Lp is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp and the anode of the high-current switch Sp, and the output negative terminal of the rectification filter circuit is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch Sp.

[0040] Based on the above circuit connection mode, the embodiment effectively suppresses the rectification output surge current through the specially designed high-voltage charging inductor Lp, reliably isolates the pulse spikes generated during the switching operation of the primary discharge unit, ensures the safety of the front-stage circuit, and improves the reliability and impact resistance of the system.

[0041] Specifically, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp and the cathode of the high-current switch Sp are connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer T2, and when the high-current switch Sp is turned on, the energy storage capacitor Cp forms a discharge circuit through the high-current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2. Through structural and layout design, a compact connection circuit can be realized, effectively reducing discharge loss and circuit inductance, and being beneficial to improving energy transmission efficiency.

[0042] Preferably, in the embodiment, the anode of the high-current switch Sp is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp, and the high-current switch Sp is a thyristor or other megawatt and above high-power switch that can withstand tens of kilo-ampere level transient current impact, and the microsecond level turn-on response characteristic can provide low-loss and long-life on-off control capability for the core discharge circuit, thereby providing core guarantee for repeated frequency operation.

[0043] Referring to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the primary discharge unit further comprises a start signal unit for receiving an external start signal and triggering the control of the conduction of the high-current switch Sp.

[0044] Further, in some specific embodiments, Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2The working process of the circuit diagram of the starting signal unit includes: AC power supply signals are charged to capacitor C11 after bridge rectification, and a stable amplitude DC voltage is obtained after passing through three-terminal linear voltage stabilizer U11 and provided to subsequent circuits; U12 is a photoelectric coupling port, receives external ordinary starting light signals and converts them into electric pulse signals, pushes high-power switch tube Q12 to open after passing through switch tube Q11, capacitor C16 is discharged through the loop formed by high-power switch tube Q12 and the primary coil of first pulse transformer T11, and a certain amplitude electric pulse signal is obtained at the two ends of the secondary coil of first pulse transformer T11 and used as a trigger pulse signal of high-current switch Sp; the starting signal unit circuit realizes reliable isolation between the high-power discharge circuit and the previous stage trigger circuit by introducing a pulse transformer, the previous stage trigger circuit is not easily affected, and through multi-stage switching technology, signal amplification is realized, and multi-stage isolation is also achieved, so that the circuit has excellent electromagnetic compatibility, and because the circuit adopts cascade amplification technology, the requirement for the input pulse light signal is low.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 includes a primary coil low-voltage end and a primary coil high-voltage end, the primary coil low-voltage end is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch Sp and the output negative end of the rectification and filtering circuit, and the primary coil high-voltage end is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp. The output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 is connected to the secondary high-voltage unit. This connection mode constructs a compact discharge path without redundant nodes by connecting the rectification and filtering output negative end, the cathode of the high-current switch Sp and the primary coil low-voltage end of the transformer to a single point; at the same time, the topology of directly connecting the primary coil high-voltage end to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor makes the pulse transformer become the core energy conversion carrier of the discharge circuit, further ensuring efficient transmission of pulse energy to the secondary high-voltage unit.

[0046] Preferably, the pulse transformer T2 in the embodiment is a high-ratio pulse transformer, that is, the primary coil N1: the secondary coil N2≤1 / 20, which can greatly increase the output voltage, so that the secondary coil generates tens of kilovolts of high-voltage pulse in microseconds; at the same time, the compact core structure and the low leakage inductance characteristic can effectively suppress energy loss and improve energy conversion efficiency and voltage rise rate. In addition, the connection point of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 is led out to the outside of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply shell to form a wiring terminal for adjusting the polarity of the output pulse, so that the output polarity of the trigger power supply is portable and adjustable.

[0047] Referring to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the secondary high-voltage unit includes a first pulse capacitor C1, a second pulse capacitor C2 and a gas switch Sw.

[0048] One electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2 are connected to one output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 respectively, and are connected to one electrode of the gas switch Sw respectively at the same time;

[0049] The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2 are output ends of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0050] Specifically, when the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 is discharged, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 generates a microsecond high-voltage pulse, and charges the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2. When the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2 reaches the breakdown voltage, the gas switch Sw is quickly opened, and the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2 form a series discharge, generating a high-voltage trigger pulse with higher voltage and faster front edge at the high-voltage end of the first pulse capacitor C1. The microsecond high-voltage pulse can ensure that the gas switch is stable and reliable at a specific moment, and the moment of conduction is only determined by the pressure of the insulating gas in the switch, and the output pulse front edge can be steep and the output delay can be controlled, which provides core support for precise triggering of the gas switch.

[0051] It can be understood that, by using the topology of parallel charging and series discharging of the double capacitors (C1, C2) and combining the self-triggering characteristics of the gas switch Sw, the output voltage is multiplied and precisely synchronized to be conducted; at the same time, the integrated design of the capacitor electrode as the output end greatly simplifies the high-voltage pulse generation path and significantly improves the pulse front edge steepness and system reliability.

[0052] Preferably, the gas switch Sw in the embodiment needs at least two electrodes, and the gas switch Sw is filled with insulating gas. The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply is adjusted by adjusting the gas pressure in the gas switch Sw, so that the output pulse amplitude of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment is adjustable, that is, it can be linearly adjusted by the gas pressure in the gas switch Sw.

[0053] It should be noted that the working process of the nanosecond front edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment includes:

[0054] For example, the working process of the nanosecond front edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment includes: Figure 2As shown, the external power supply AC220V enters the input end of the power frequency transformer T1 of the power frequency boost rectifier unit, is boosted by T1, is connected to the rectification and filtering circuit for rectification and filtering processing, obtains a pulse DC high voltage with an amplitude of about kV, the high voltage is continuously charged to the energy storage capacitor Cp through the loop formed by the charging inductor Lp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2, and when the large current switch Sp receives an external trigger signal, it is turned on, the energy storage capacitor Cp is discharged through the discharge loop formed by the large current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2, and at the same time, the high voltage with opposite polarity is generated on the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2, and the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 are charged respectively; with the continuous increase of the voltage difference between the pulse capacitors C1 and C2, the voltage difference is applied to the two ends of the gas switch Sw, and finally the gas switch Sw is broken down and quickly closed, the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 form series discharge, thereby obtaining a higher and faster high voltage pulse Vout about twice the charging voltage.

[0055] It can be understood that by adopting the above technical solution, that is, by adopting the pulse transformer T2, the specific switch electrode design and the millisecond charging technology, based on the research on the stability of the self-breakdown voltage of the gas switch, the stable opening of the gas switch at a specific voltage can be realized only by changing the internal insulation gas pressure of the gas switch, and the conduction delay jitter is in the order of tens of nanoseconds. This technical route realizes integrated modular design while generating nanosecond fast front high voltage pulse by using Marx technology.

[0056] Further, the high voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment has only one external start signal, one AC220V input and one high voltage output, the interface relationship and structure design are simple, and the reliability is high. The external start signal is used as the trigger signal of the large current switch Sp of the primary discharge unit after photoelectric conversion, the large current switch Sp is closed after receiving the signal, the energy storage capacitor Cp forms a discharge loop through the large current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2, and at the same time, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 outputs high voltage with opposite polarity, and the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 are charged respectively. When the charging voltage reaches the breakdown voltage (determined by the internal gas pressure and the discharge gap of the gas switch Sw), the gas switch Sw is closed, the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 form series discharge, and a nanosecond high voltage pulse with an amplitude of about twice the charging voltage is obtained at the output end. By integrating the low voltage and high voltage modules, the compact integrated design of the trigger power supply is realized, and the output polarity and output pulse amplitude are conveniently adjustable.

[0057] Further, in the embodiment, based on the research on the stability of the self-breakdown voltage of the gas switch, the near-linear proportional growth relationship between the output voltage and the working gas pressure of the switch is realized, as shown in the following formula: Figure 5The switch self-breakdown voltage dispersion is less than 5% under a fixed gas pressure, while the amplitude of the output high-voltage pulse is adjustable, the output is stable, and the conduction delay jitter is as low as tens of nanoseconds.

[0058] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions of the embodiment, the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply of the application realizes integrated and modular design, has a compact structure and reasonable layout, does not need other auxiliary equipment, and only reserves one start signal access port and one inflation port in addition to one power input port and one high-voltage output port, so that the number of ports is small, the control logic is greatly simplified, only one ordinary pulse optical signal is needed for stable and reliable work, the introduction of the optical start signal significantly improves the anti-interference ability, the output pulse polarity is conveniently adjustable, the pulse amplitude can reach 60kV or even higher, and the pulse front edge is as low as 30ns.

[0059] Referring to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the secondary high-voltage unit further comprises an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2, for protecting the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 An equivalent output protection circuit is shown, the resistance R21 and the inductance L21 together constitute an output equivalent load and are connected across the output circuit, wherein the main function of the inductance L21 is to balance the charging when the charging time is short (less than 100 microseconds), and the inductance L21 can be omitted when the charging time is long, the resistance R22 is connected in series on the output circuit to play a role in current limiting and pulse isolation, the diode D21 and the resistance R23 are connected in series and grounded to form a reverse peak absorption circuit, which mainly absorbs the high-voltage peak pulse generated by the discharge of the subsequent high-voltage circuit to avoid damage to the low-voltage circuit part, and the diode D22 is connected in series on the output circuit to prevent the impact of the high-voltage pulse of the same polarity generated by the discharge of the subsequent high-voltage circuit on the trigger circuit, thereby further playing a role in isolation and protection. The directions of the diodes D21 and D22 can be adjusted according to the output polarity.

[0061] It needs to be further explained that Figure 4 The protection circuit shown is only a preferred typical example, the components in the circuit can be combined in many ways, and can also be simplified or even removed according to the actual use scene, which will not have a substantial impact on the output characteristics of the trigger source, and through circuit equivalence or by adding other components such as inductance, capacitance or resistance without changing the basic circuit principle, the above functions can be realized, and the application does not make further limitations on the design circuit of the output protection module.

[0062] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 is the output voltage curve of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply shown in the embodiment with the change of the switch charging pressure. In the figure, the abscissa represents the switch charging pressure, in atm, and the ordinate represents the peak output voltage, in kV. The black square points in the figure are experimental data obtained by experiments, and the black diagonal line is a linear curve fitted according to the black square experimental points, that is, the fitting result. The change curve is basically quasi-linear.

[0063] Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is the actual output waveform of the nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply shown in the embodiment. In the figure, the abscissa represents time, in us, and the ordinate represents the peak output voltage, in kV. The black line in the figure represents the actual output waveform, and the output polarity is negative. When the switch charging pressure is about 1.2 atm, the trigger source output pulse peak is greater than 60 kV, and the output front is about 28 ns.

[0064] In this embodiment, the primary coil connection points (① and ② positions shown in Figure 2 ) of the pulse transformer T2 shown in Figure 2 are arranged on the external connection posts reserved for the trigger power supply. When it is necessary to change the output polarity of the trigger power supply shown in the embodiment, the output polarity can be changed only by interchanging the positions of the two primary coil connections on the connection posts outside the trigger source housing. Figure 7 is the output waveform of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in the embodiment when the output polarity is changed, which runs at 20 Hz for 5 s. It can be seen that the 100 pulse waveforms output by it have good consistency and high output stability. It should be pointed out that if there are diodes D21 and D22 in the protection circuit shown in Figure 4 , their design and installation should also take into account the convenient reversal when the polarity is reversed.

[0065] It should be pointed out that the embodiment provides a nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, which includes a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence, solves the technical problems of low system integration and many auxiliary devices in the prior art, and realizes a high-voltage trigger power supply with output high voltage, low pulse front, repeatable frequency operation and convenient and adjustable output polarity. In addition, based on the integrated modularization and simple circuit design, the application also has the excellent performance of compact size and high working reliability, realizes the integrated and miniaturized design of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, greatly improves the usability and reliability of the application, and makes the application have good portability.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, in the description and in the claims of the present application are intended to distinguish between similar objects, but are not necessarily intended to describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of such terms is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application described herein to the order in which they are discussed. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "include", and variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, systems, products, or devices that comprise, include, or are otherwise including a list of steps or elements, can include additional steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, systems, products, or devices.

[0067] The technical features described above can be combined arbitrarily. Although all possible combinations of the technical features are not described, any combination of the technical features should be considered to be covered by the present specification, as long as there is no contradiction in such a combination.

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present application described above are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. Various other related changes and modifications of the present application can be made in accordance with the technical concept of the present application, and such changes and modifications should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A nanosecond front high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, characterized in that, The power frequency voltage-boosting rectifier unit, the primary discharge unit, the pulse transformer (T2) and the secondary high-voltage unit are connected in sequence. The input end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectifier unit is connected with an external power supply, and the output end of the power frequency voltage-boosting rectifier unit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit. The output end of the primary discharge unit is connected with the input end of the pulse transformer (T2), and the output end of the pulse transformer (T2) is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage unit. The pulse transformer (T2) is used to generate microsecond high-voltage pulses when the primary discharge unit discharges, and the secondary high-voltage unit is used to receive and further generate nanosecond high-voltage pulses by using the microsecond high-voltage pulses. The power frequency voltage-boosting rectifier unit comprises a power frequency transformer (T1) and a rectification filter circuit. The input end of the power frequency transformer (T1) is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the power frequency transformer (T1) is connected with the input end of the rectification filter circuit, and the output end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit. The primary discharge unit comprises an energy storage capacitor (Cp), a charging inductor (Lp) and a large-current switch (Sp), the rectification filter circuit comprises an output positive end and an output negative end, the output positive end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with the input end of the charging inductor (Lp), the output end of the charging inductor (Lp) is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp) and the anode of the large-current switch (Sp), and the output negative end of the rectification filter circuit is connected with the cathode of the large-current switch (Sp). The primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) comprises a primary coil low-voltage end and a primary coil high-voltage end, the primary coil low-voltage end is connected with the cathode of the large-current switch (Sp) and the output negative end of the rectification filter circuit, the primary coil high-voltage end is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp), and the output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) is connected with the secondary high-voltage unit. The secondary high-voltage unit comprises a first pulse capacitor (C1), a second pulse capacitor (C2) and a gas switch (Sw).

2. The nanosecond front edge high voltage pulse trigger power supply of claim 1, wherein, One electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2) are respectively connected with one output end of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) and are simultaneously respectively connected with one electrode of the gas switch (Sw).

3. The nanosecond front edge high voltage pulse trigger power supply of claim 1, wherein, The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2) are used as the output end of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply. The negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp) and the cathode of the large-current switch (Sp) are connected with the input end of the pulse transformer (T2), and when the large-current switch (Sp) is turned on, the energy storage capacitor (Cp) forms a discharge circuit through the large-current switch (Sp) and the primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2). The primary discharge unit further comprises a starting signal unit for receiving an external starting signal and triggering the large-current switch (Sp) to be turned on.

4. The nanosecond front edge high voltage pulse trigger power supply of claim 1, wherein, When the primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) discharges, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) induces to generate microsecond high-voltage pulse, charges the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2).

5. The nanosecond front edge high voltage pulse trigger power supply of claim 1, wherein, When the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2) reaches the breakdown voltage, the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2) are discharged in series, and nanosecond high-voltage pulse is generated at the output end of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the output end of the second pulse capacitor (C2).

6. The nanosecond front edge high voltage pulse trigger power supply of claim 1, wherein, The secondary high-voltage unit further comprises an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2), for protecting the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

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