Channel parameter determination method, data transmission method, system and equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a channel parameter determination method, a data transmission method, a system and equipment, and relates to the technical field of quantum computing, and the channel parameter determination method is applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system. The channel parameter determination method comprises the following steps: after performing delay receiving on first test data sent by a sending end based on an LVDS protocol according to a plurality of delay intervals, determining a data receiving delay parameter based on a delay interval corresponding to a first test receiving result which is the same as the pre-stored first test data; and after delay receiving is performed on second test data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the data receiving delay parameter, determining a single-channel parameter based on a bit sequence deviation between a received second test receiving result and initial data of a data unit in the pre-stored second test data. According to the scheme, low delay of data transmission among the modules in the quantum computing measurement and control system can be realized, and the stability of data transmission is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a method for determining channel parameters, a data transmission method, a system, and a device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of quantum technology, its application scenarios are also increasing. For example, quantum communication and materials analysis are based on quantum technology. In the process of quantum computing, the coherence time of qubits is on the order of microseconds. That is to say, the relevant operations on qubits need to be completed within this coherence time, that is, the time requirements for the operation and utilization of qubits are very high.

[0003] In related technologies, the manipulation and utilization of qubits can be realized based on a quantum computing measurement and control system. This system can contain multiple different modules, and data communication between these modules is necessary throughout the quantum computing process. Therefore, achieving low latency and ensuring data transmission stability between modules within the quantum computing measurement and control system is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining channel parameters, a data transmission method, a system, and a device, which can achieve low latency in data transmission between modules in a quantum computing measurement and control system while ensuring the stability of data transmission. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect of this invention, a method for determining channel parameters is provided, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the method comprising:

[0006] After delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of the channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data among the received first test reception results; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple continuous time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of data transmitted by the transmitting end;

[0007] After receiving the second test data sent by the sending end through the channel with a delay based on the data reception delay parameter, the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined based on the bit order deviation between the received second test reception result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data; wherein, the second test data is sent by the sending end according to the LVDS protocol in the form of a data unit with a specified multi-bit width; the second test reception result represents the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit.

[0008] Optionally, determining the data reception delay parameter of the channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data among the received first test reception results includes:

[0009] A target interval is determined from each of the delay intervals; wherein the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance;

[0010] Select one target interval from a plurality of consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter of the channel.

[0011] Optionally, determining the single-channel parameters of the channel based on the bit order deviation between the received second test reception result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data includes:

[0012] Each bit of data in a specified data unit in the second test reception result is used as the starting data for truncation, and the specified multi-bit width is used as the truncation size. The second test reception result is truncated in the direction from the high bit to the low bit according to the bit order of the data to obtain multiple truncation results of the specified data unit.

[0013] If any of the multiple interception results is a target interception result that matches any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined according to the position of the starting data of the target interception result in the specified data unit.

[0014] Optionally, there may be multiple channels between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0015] The method further includes:

[0016] After obtaining the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters for each channel, the third test reception result for each channel is obtained. The third test result for each channel is obtained by receiving the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel using the LVDS protocol, based on the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters for each channel. The third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units. Each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

[0017] Based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set, the target bit operation of each channel is determined; wherein, the target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data in the obtained processing result are aligned for the same transmission time.

[0018] Optionally, the operation of determining the target bit of each channel based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set includes:

[0019] In the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0020] The target bit operation for each channel is determined based on the difference between the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

[0021] Optionally, obtaining the third test reception result for each channel includes:

[0022] Based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the second test reception result of each channel is adjusted to obtain the third test reception result of each channel.

[0023] In another aspect of this invention, a data transmission method is provided, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the method comprising:

[0024] The data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters of the channel are obtained; wherein the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters of the channel are determined according to the method for determining the channel parameters described above.

[0025] Based on the data reception delay parameter, the service data sent by the sending end through the channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with a delay to obtain the service reception result; wherein, the service data is: the data unit sent by the sending end according to a specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0026] Based on the single-channel parameters of the channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result is adjusted to obtain the service data.

[0027] Optionally, there may be multiple channels between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0028] Before adjusting the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data, the method further includes:

[0029] Obtain the target bit operation for each channel; wherein the target bit operation for each channel is determined by the method for determining the channel parameters described above;

[0030] The step of delaying the reception of service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol, based on the data reception delay parameter, to obtain the service reception result includes:

[0031] Based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with delay to obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: a part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels;

[0032] The process of adjusting the initial data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data includes:

[0033] Based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the sub-service reception result of each channel is adjusted.

[0034] Based on the target bit operation of each channel, the data in the adjusted sub-service reception result of each channel are shifted to align the data for the same transmission time in the adjusted sub-service reception result obtained through each channel.

[0035] After alignment processing, the aligned data from the adjusted sub-service reception results obtained from each channel are spliced ​​together to obtain the service data.

[0036] This invention also provides a method for determining channel parameters, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the method comprising:

[0037] After delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through each of multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of each channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data in each of the received first test reception results of each channel; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data transmitted by the transmitting end after the first test data;

[0038] After delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the target bit operation of each channel is determined based on the difference between the received third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set; wherein, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol; each reference data unit set contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

[0039] Optionally, determining the data reception delay parameter for each channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is identical to the pre-stored first test data in each of the received first test reception results of each channel includes:

[0040] A target interval is determined from each of the delay intervals; wherein, in each of the first test reception results of each channel, the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance;

[0041] Select one target interval from a plurality of consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter for each channel.

[0042] Optionally, the operation of determining the target bit for each channel based on the difference between the received third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set includes:

[0043] In the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0044] The target bit operation for each channel is determined based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested during the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

[0045] This invention also provides a data transmission method applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the method comprising:

[0046] The data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each of the multiple channels are obtained; wherein the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each channel are determined according to the method for determining the channel parameters described above.

[0047] Based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with a delay to obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: the part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; the sub-service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0048] Based on the target bit operation of each channel, the data in the sub-service reception result of each channel are shifted so that the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time are aligned.

[0049] After alignment processing, the data that are aligned with each other in the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel are spliced ​​together to obtain the service data.

[0050] This invention also provides a quantum computing measurement and control system, which includes a receiver and a transmitter; wherein:

[0051] The transmitting end is used to send data to the receiving end according to a specified multi-bit width data unit based on the LVDS protocol;

[0052] The receiving end is used to execute the above-mentioned method for determining channel parameters or the above-mentioned method for transmitting data.

[0053] This invention also provides a quantum computer, including the above-mentioned quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum chip, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum computing tasks according to the execution signals sent by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0054] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0055] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0056] The processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements any of the methods described above for determining channel parameters or any of the methods described above for transmitting data.

[0057] This invention also provides a device for determining channel parameters, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the device comprising:

[0058] The data reception delay parameter determination module is used to determine the data reception delay parameter of the channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the delay interval of the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple continuous time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data sent by the transmitting end after the first test data;

[0059] A single-channel parameter determination module is used to determine the single-channel parameters of the channel based on the bit order deviation between the received second test data and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data, after delaying the reception of the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel according to the data reception delay parameters; wherein, the second test data is sent by the transmitting end according to the LVDS protocol according to the specified multi-bit width data unit; the second test reception result represents the part of the received data belonging to each data unit.

[0060] This invention also provides a data transmission device for use in a quantum computing measurement and control system, the device comprising:

[0061] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters; wherein, the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters are determined according to the above-mentioned method for determining channel parameters;

[0062] The delayed reception module is used to receive service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol based on the data reception delay parameter, and obtain a service reception result; wherein, the service data is: data units sent by the sending end according to a specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0063] An adjustment module is used to adjust the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data.

[0064] This invention also provides a device for determining channel parameters, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, the device comprising:

[0065] The data reception delay parameter determination module is used to determine the data reception delay parameter for each channel based on the delay intervals corresponding to the delay intervals of the first test reception results that are identical to the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through each of the multiple channels according to the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data transmitted by the transmitting end after the first test data;

[0066] The target bit operation determination module is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the received third test data of each channel and the data in a pre-stored set of reference data units after delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the data reception delay parameter of each channel; wherein, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

[0067] This invention also provides a data transmission device for use in a quantum computing measurement and control system, the device comprising:

[0068] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each of the multiple channels; wherein, the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each channel are determined according to the above-mentioned channel parameter determination method;

[0069] The delayed reception module is used to receive sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, and obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: a part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; the sub-service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0070] The shift module is used to shift each data in the sub-service reception result of each channel based on the target bit operation of each channel, so as to align the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time.

[0071] The splicing module is used to splice the mutually aligned data from the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel after alignment processing to obtain the service data.

[0072] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0073] This invention provides a method for determining channel parameters, enabling low-latency data transmission between a transmitter and receiver within a quantum computing measurement and control system based on the LVDS protocol. Furthermore, by delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitter via the channel using multiple delay intervals according to multiple delay intervals, and determining the channel's data reception delay parameters based on the delay intervals corresponding to the first test reception results that match the pre-stored first test data, the receiver within the quantum computing measurement and control system can subsequently receive the correct service data using these delay parameters.

[0074] Based on this, the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel is received with a delay based on the data reception delay parameter. Based on the bit order deviation between the received second test reception result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data, the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined. Subsequently, based on the determined single-channel parameter, the data received through the channel can be shifted to ensure that the data unit in the data received by the receiving end is consistent with the data unit sent by the transmitting end, thus avoiding invalid data received by the receiving end.

[0075] Therefore, this solution can achieve low latency in data transmission between modules in a quantum computing measurement and control system, while ensuring the stability of data transmission.

[0076] Of course, implementing any product or method of the present invention does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0077] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0078] Figure 1A flowchart illustrating the method for determining channel parameters provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal received by the receiving end in an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the method for determining channel parameters provided in this application embodiment, specifically the process for determining data reception delay parameters;

[0081] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the determination of single-channel parameters in the method for determining channel parameters provided in this application embodiment;

[0082] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of extracting data from a data unit, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0083] Figure 6 Another flowchart illustrating the method for determining channel parameters provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the target bit determination operation provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0085] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0086] Figure 9 This is another flowchart of the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0087] Figure 10 This is another flowchart illustrating the method for determining channel parameters provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0088] Figure 11 This is another flowchart of the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0089] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum computing measurement and control system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0090] Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram of the quantum computing measurement and control system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0091] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0092] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of the channel parameter determination device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0093] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0094] Figure 17 Another schematic diagram of the device for determining channel parameters provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0095] Figure 18 This is another structural schematic diagram of the data transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0096] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0097] In order to achieve low latency in data transmission between modules in a quantum computing measurement and control system and ensure the stability of data transmission, this application provides a method for determining channel parameters, a data transmission method, a device, an equipment, and a quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0098] The method for determining channel parameters provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below. This method is applied to quantum computing measurement and control systems, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0099] S101, after delaying the reception of the periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of the channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data in each received first test reception result;

[0100] Among them, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of data sent by the sending end;

[0101] S102, after delaying the reception of the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the data reception delay parameter, the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined based on the bit order deviation between the received second test reception result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data.

[0102] The second test data is sent by the sending end according to the LVDS protocol in a specified multi-bit width data unit; the second test reception result indicates the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit.

[0103] In this embodiment, the quantum computing measurement and control system may include a central control board, a routing board, and functional boards. The central control board generates trigger signals to control the functional boards to perform their functions, which are then sent to the functional boards via the routing board. The functional boards send signals to the quantum chip to operate on the qubits in the quantum chip and obtain quantum computing results. The routing board is positioned between the central control board and the functional boards to forward the signals transmitted between them.

[0104] Therefore, if this embodiment is applied to a scenario where the central control board sends signals to the routing board, the receiving end is the routing board and the sending end is the central control board; if this embodiment is applied to a scenario where the routing board sends signals to the function board, the receiving end is the function board and the sending end is the routing board.

[0105] LVDS (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling) is a differential signaling technology with low power consumption, low bit error rate, low crosstalk, and low radiation. This transmission technology can reach speeds of over 155 Mbps. The core of LVDS technology is to use extremely low voltage swing for high-speed differential data transmission, which can realize point-to-point or point-to-multipoint connections. Its transmission medium can be copper PCB (Printed Circuit Board) wiring, balanced cables, or other forms.

[0106] In other words, the central control board, routing board, and function boards in this application can all have LVDS interfaces for communication based on the LVDS protocol. The LVDS interface can also be called an RS-644 bus interface.

[0107] The following is an introduction to the data reception delay parameters:

[0108] Because quantum computing measurement and control systems have extremely high requirements for data transmission rates, and given these high data transmission rates, the signal received by the receiver is unstable for a portion of a clock cycle. For example, ... Figure 2As shown, the transmitting end sends a high-level signal representing binary data "1". However, due to signal attenuation during high-speed data transmission, the rising edge of the signal received by the receiving end is not steep enough. The receiving end will parse the signal to obtain the data according to its own clock cycle. That is, when the receiving end's own clock signal is at the rising edge or falling edge, it will parse the currently received signal. However, if the receiving end's own clock signal is at the rising edge or falling edge, the received signal is unstable, and it may parse the transmitting end's data "1" as data "0". Similarly, it may parse the transmitting end's data "0" as data "1". Therefore, it leads to the problem of data error received by the receiving end in the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0109] To address the aforementioned issues, the receiving end can determine the data reception delay parameter for the channel. This ensures that when the receiving end subsequently receives service data with a delay based on this parameter, it can obtain the correct service data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the receiving end can determine the data reception delay parameter by following these steps:

[0110] S301, according to multiple delay intervals, the periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol is received with delay, and the first test reception results are obtained respectively;

[0111] In this embodiment, multiple consecutive delay intervals can be pre-determined according to the clock cycle of the first test data. In one implementation, the multiple delay intervals can be multiple consecutive time periods obtained by equally dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data. For example, two clock cycles of the first test data can be divided into 512 consecutive intervals to obtain multiple delay intervals. Then, the first test data sent by the transmitting end can be delayed according to each delay interval.

[0112] For each delay interval, any delay duration can be determined within that interval, such as the endpoint or midpoint of the interval. Delayed reception is then performed according to this interval, i.e., delayed reception is performed according to the delay duration determined within that interval. In one implementation, an IDELAY3 component (a primitive for signal delay reception) can be integrated at the receiving end. The receiving end can then call the IDELAY3 component to achieve delayed data reception. The delay interval of the IDELAY3 component is approximately 0-2.5ns. In this embodiment, the receiving end can use a 400MHz clock for double-edge sampling (DDR), with one cycle being 1.25ns. Using one IDELAY3 component can meet the requirement of a delay of two clock cycles.

[0113] The receiving end can collect the received first test data according to its own clock cycle to obtain the corresponding received data, i.e., the first test reception result. Specifically, when the receiving end receives its own clock signal at the rising edge or falling edge, it can collect the currently received first test data. If the signal of the first test data is currently at a high level, the binary data "1" can be obtained; if it is at a low level, the binary data "0" can be obtained.

[0114] In one implementation, the first test data can be generated based on a pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS). In the PRBS code stream, binary numbers "0" and "1" are randomly generated within the same clock cycle according to the code stream generation function and the initial code. That is, the occurrence of "0" and "1" within the same clock cycle is random, but the PRBS code is consistent across all clock cycles. Therefore, the receiver only needs to pre-record the generation function and initial code of the PRBS code sent by the transmitter to determine the actual first test data sent by the transmitter. This allows the receiver to compare the received data with the actual first test data to determine whether the data can be correctly received when receiving data with delays according to each delay interval. Since the data received in real-world scenarios is inherently uncertain, using a pseudo-random binary sequence code can better simulate real-world scenarios.

[0115] S302, determine the target interval from each delay interval; wherein the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the pre-stored first test data;

[0116] In one implementation, the receiving end can perform multiple delayed receptions of the first test data for each of the multiple delay intervals, obtaining multiple received data, i.e., the first test reception result; the multiple received data corresponding to each delay interval are compared with the corresponding first test data; the first delay interval in which the number of comparisons reaches the same preset value is determined as the first target interval. The preset value can be set according to experience and requirements, for example, it can be 1, 30, 40, etc.

[0117] For example, the receiving end can first select an uncompared delay interval from multiple delay intervals, and receive the first test data according to the delay interval. It can continuously receive multiple received data corresponding to the delay interval. If a specified number of consecutive received data are identical to the corresponding first test data, then the delay interval is determined to be the target interval; if the specified number of consecutive identical data is not reached, then the delay interval is determined not to be the target interval, and the next uncompared delay interval can be selected from multiple delay intervals. The above process is repeated to verify each delay interval.

[0118] In this embodiment, the first test data can be multi-bit wide data, meaning that the data sent by the transmitting end at one time is multi-bit wide, for example, the multi-bit width can be 8 bits. In this case, the above-mentioned delayed reception of the periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals to obtain each first test reception result can include: reversing the periodic single-bit wide data to be converted sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol to obtain the first test reception result; wherein, the data to be converted is obtained by the transmitting end converting the first test data; and delayed reception of the first test data according to multiple delay intervals to obtain the first test reception result corresponding to each delay interval.

[0119] Since an LVDS protocol channel can only transmit single-bit wide data, during data transmission, the multi-bit wide data at the transmitting end can be converted to single-bit wide data using a FIFO (First Input First Output) memory. This allows the transmitting end to send the first test data to the receiving end based on the LVDS protocol. After receiving the single-bit data, the receiving end can also use the FIFO memory to convert the received data back to multi-bit wide data to obtain the first test reception result.

[0120] S303 selects one target interval from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter of the channel.

[0121] To ensure greater accuracy in the determined data reception delay parameters, and consequently, in the accuracy of the data received by the receiver, the target interval located at the midpoint of a plurality of consecutive target intervals can be selected as the data reception delay parameter. For example, the aforementioned delay intervals, in chronological order, are: interval 1, interval 2, interval 3, interval 4, interval 5, interval 6, and interval 7; where intervals 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are consecutive target intervals, then the target interval located at the midpoint of these consecutive target intervals is interval 4.

[0122] In this embodiment, by receiving periodic first test data sent by the receiving end based on the LVDS protocol, the first test data is received with delay according to multiple delay intervals to obtain the first test reception result corresponding to each delay interval. From each delay interval, a target interval is determined that the corresponding first test reception result is the same as the pre-stored first test data. Then, a target interval is selected from multiple consecutive target intervals. The selected target interval is the delay interval corresponding to the correct data acquisition. Thus, the target interval is used as the data reception delay parameter, so that when the receiving end in the quantum computing measurement and control system subsequently receives the received service data with delay according to the data reception delay parameter, it can obtain the correct service data. Therefore, this solution can avoid data errors received by the receiving end in the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0123] In another embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned multiple delay intervals can be multiple continuous time periods obtained by dividing two clock cycles of the first test data. For example, the two clock cycles of the comparison signal can be divided into 512 equal parts to obtain 512 delay intervals. Since the unstable part of the received signal is usually the rising edge and falling edge of a clock cycle, that is, the two ends of a clock cycle, dividing the two clock cycles into multiple delay intervals allows each delay interval to cover the unstable part of the comparison signal at the two ends of a clock cycle. The part between the unstable parts at the two ends is the stable part of the signal, thus completely and continuously covering the stable part within a clock cycle. This continuous and stable part corresponds to the target interval determined in this embodiment, and the midpoint of this continuous and stable part is the point where the signal is most stable. Based on this, in this embodiment, the target interval located at the midpoint is selected from multiple continuous target intervals as the data receiving delay parameter. When the data sent by the transmitting end is received with a delay according to this data receiving delay parameter, the data will be in the most stable state, thereby making the data received by the receiving end more accurate.

[0124] The single-channel parameters in the embodiments of this application are described below:

[0125] In a quantum measurement and control system, the transmitter and receiver are connected to an external clock through different channels. Although both the transmitter and receiver share the same clock source, and even though the receiver can use a phase-locked loop (PLL) to synchronize the clock frequency with the data transmission rate, the differences between the different channels mean that the clock frequency and the received data frequency will vary after each power outage and power-on. In other words, the phase difference between the clock frequency and the received data frequency is not constant. Therefore, the receiver cannot use a PLL to synchronize the received data frequency with the clock frequency. Consequently, due to the difference in clock signals between the transmitter and receiver, the data units received by the receiver are inconsistent with the data units transmitted by the transmitter, rendering the received data invalid.

[0126] For example, if the external clock frequency of the quantum computing measurement and control system is 100MHz, and the data transmission rate from the transmitter to the receiver in the quantum computing measurement and control system reaches 800Mbits / s, under high-speed data transmission, due to the difference between the clock signals of the transmitter and receiver, the data received by the receiver will be shifted. For instance, if the service data sent by the transmitter is a data unit "10110001", and the clock signal of the receiver lags behind the clock signal of the transmitter by one clock cycle, the receiver cannot collect the high-order bits of the service data, that is, it cannot collect the first "1" in "10110001". It can only start collecting from the second highest bit, that is, from the first "0" in "10110001", and automatically fill the gap at the end of the service data with "0". The result received by the receiver is "01100010". Similarly, if the clock signal of the receiver lags behind the clock signal of the transmitter by two clock cycles, the result received by the receiver is "11000100". For example, the sending end transmits three identical data units: "1011000110110001 10110001". Each data unit is "10110001". The receiving end's clock signal lags behind the sending end's clock signal by one clock cycle. The result received by the receiving end is "01100010 01100011 01100010". The result contains data units including "01100010", "01100011", and "01100010". Obviously, the data units in the received result are not the same as the data units in the transmitted service data.

[0127] To address the aforementioned issues, the receiving end can determine the single-channel parameters based on the established data reception delay parameters. This ensures that when the receiving end subsequently receives service data according to these data reception delay and single-channel parameters, it can obtain the correct data units. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the receiver can determine the single-channel parameters by following these steps:

[0128] S401, based on the data reception delay parameter, delay the reception of the second test data sent by the sending end through the channel to obtain the second test reception result;

[0129] The second test data is sent by the sending end according to the LVDS protocol in a specified multi-bit width data unit; the second test reception result indicates the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit.

[0130] After determining the data reception delay parameter of the channel, the receiving end can delay the reception of the second test data according to the data reception delay parameter in order to accurately obtain the second test reception result.

[0131] S402, taking each bit of data in the specified data unit of the second test reception result as the starting data for truncation, using the specified multi-bit width as the truncation size, and truncation the second test reception result from the high bit to the low bit according to the bit order of the data, to obtain multiple truncation results of the specified data unit;

[0132] For each data unit in the second test reception result, the data in the data unit is arranged from high bit to low bit. For example, in the data unit "10110001", the first "1" is the high bit and the last "0" is the low bit. Each bit of data in the data unit can be used as the starting data for truncation. According to the direction of data from high bit to low bit, a specified number of bits of data can be selected for truncation to obtain multiple truncation results for the data unit.

[0133] In the second test reception result, each data point is received within one clock cycle at the receiving end. Each data unit in the second test reception result is received within the same number of clock cycles as the specified multi-bit width. For example, if the specified multi-bit width is 8 bits, each data unit in the second test reception result is received within 8 clock cycles. The first "1" in "10110001" can be considered as the data received in the first clock cycle of the data unit, and the first "1" can be called the data at position 0 of the data unit. The data received in the second clock cycle of the data unit is the first "0" in "10110001", and the first "0" can be called the data at position 1 of the data unit, and so on. The last "1" in "10110001" can be called the data at position 7 of the data unit. For example, if the second test data consists of multiple consecutive identical data units, each data unit being "10110001", for each data unit, the receiving end can take the data from position 0 to position 7 in each data unit as the starting data, and truncate the data unit with an 8-bit truncation size, following the direction of data from high bit to low bit, to obtain 8 truncation results.

[0134] To better understand the process of extracting data from a data unit, the following will combine... Figure 5 Please provide an explanation.

[0135] like Figure 5 As shown, the second test reception result received by the receiving end is "10110001 1011001010110011". The second test reception result contains data unit b1 "10110001", data unit b2 "10110010", and data unit b3 "10110011". For data unit b1, with a bit width of 8 bits as the truncation size, according to the direction of data from high bit to low bit, the data at positions 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are taken as the starting data for truncation. The truncation results are: "10110001", "01100011", "11000110", "10001101", "00011011", "00110110", "01101100", and "11011001".

[0136] S403, if among the multiple interception results there is a target interception result that is consistent with any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined according to the position order of the starting data of the target interception result in the specified data unit.

[0137] It is understandable that the bit order in a specified data unit refers to the position of the data arranged from the most significant bit to the least significant bit within that specified data unit. If among the multiple acquired interception results there is a target interception result that matches any data unit in the second test data, the single-channel parameter corresponding to the channel can be determined based on the bit order of the starting data of the target interception result in the specified data unit. For example, the single-channel parameter can be the bit order of the starting data in the specified data unit minus 1. For instance, if the starting data of the target interception result is the first bit in the specified data unit, it can be determined that the clock signal at the receiving end is consistent with the clock signal at the transmitting end; if the starting data of the target interception result is the second bit in the specified data unit, it can be determined that the clock signal at the receiving end lags behind the clock signal at the transmitting end by one clock cycle, and the single-channel parameter corresponding to that channel can be determined to be 1.

[0138] For example, if the second test data consists of multiple consecutive identical data units, each data unit being "10110001", and the second test reception result is "01100011 01100011 01100010", the truncation results obtained by extracting the first data unit "01100011" from the second test reception result are: "01100011", "11000110", "10001101", "00011011", "00110110", "01101100", "11011000", and "10110001". The 8th truncation result "10110001" is consistent with the data unit of the second test data. The starting data of the 8th truncation result is position 7 in the first data unit, so the single-channel parameter can be determined to be 7.

[0139] Optionally, in one implementation, the second test data pre-stored at the receiving end can be manually set and stored beforehand, and the second test data sent by the sending end is the same as the second test data stored at the receiving end. Optionally, in another implementation, both the receiving end and the sending end are equipped with PRBS modules for generating PRBS codes. The two PRBS modules apply the same code stream generation function and initial code. The second test data sent by the sending end is the PRBS code stream generated by the PRBS module. The receiving end can pre-generate a PRBS code stream based on its own PRBS module to obtain the second test data. In this scheme, the receiving end can accurately determine the single-channel parameters of the channel by comparing the second test data with the intercepted result.

[0140] In this embodiment, since the single-channel parameter of the channel represents the bit order deviation of the starting data of the data unit in the second test reception result and the second test data, the subsequent receiving end can perform shift processing on the data received through the channel based on the determined single-channel parameter of the channel, so that the data unit in the data received by the receiving end is consistent with the data unit sent by the sending end, and avoid the invalid data received by the receiving end.

[0141] In one embodiment, the designated data unit can be multiple consecutive data units in the second test reception result; if there is a target truncation result among the multiple truncation results that is consistent with any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then determining the single-channel parameters of the channel based on the position order of the starting data of the target truncation result in the designated data unit may include:

[0142] Step A1: If among the multiple cut-off results of each specified data unit there is a target cut-off result that is consistent with any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then determine the initial value of the single-channel parameter of the channel according to the position order of the starting data of the target cut-off result in each specified data unit.

[0143] It is understandable that the specified data unit can be multiple consecutive data units in the second test reception result. For each specified data unit, the receiving end can perform truncation to obtain multiple truncation results for each specified data unit.

[0144] If among the multiple cutoff results of each specified data unit, there is a target cutoff result that matches any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then the initial value of the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined according to the position of the starting data of the target cutoff result in each specified data unit. Since an initial value is determined for each specified data unit, multiple initial values ​​can be determined for multiple specified data units.

[0145] Step A2: Select an initial value from all the determined initial values ​​as the single-channel parameter of the channel.

[0146] The selected initial value is the initial value corresponding to a consecutive specified number of specified data units, and the initial values ​​corresponding to the consecutive specified number of specified data units are consistent.

[0147] It is understandable that there are multiple initial values ​​that can be determined. If a number of consecutive initial values ​​are consistent, then the initial value can be determined as a single-channel parameter.

[0148] For example, the second test reception result includes multiple data units, each corresponding to an initial value. Following the reception order of the data units, the occurrence count of the same initial value is counted. If the same initial value appears, the count is incremented by one; if no identical initial value appears, the count is reset to zero and the count restarts. If the count of the same initial value reaches a specified number, then the same initial value is determined to be a single-channel parameter. The specified number can be 50; this embodiment is merely illustrative and not a specific limitation.

[0149] In this scheme, by determining the initial value of a specified number of consecutive data units as single-channel parameters, the single-channel parameters can be accurately determined, ensuring the validity of the data received by the receiver.

[0150] In this embodiment, the second test reception result is truncated to obtain multiple truncated results for each specified data unit. Essentially, the second test reception result is sliced. By comparing the truncated results with the data units of the second test data, the accurate single-channel parameters can be determined from multiple initial values. Since the single-channel parameter of the channel represents the bit order deviation of the starting data of the data unit in the second test reception result and the second test data, the data shift deviation of the second test reception result relative to the second test data can be determined. Subsequently, the receiving end can adjust the data received through the channel based on the determined single-channel parameters to ensure that the data units in the data received by the receiving end are consistent with the data units sent by the sending end, thus avoiding invalid data received by the receiving end.

[0151] In one embodiment of this application, before step S402 above, the method for determining the channel parameters may further include the following steps:

[0152] Select one data unit from the data units contained in the second test result as the designated data unit.

[0153] Understandably, the receiving end can specify one data unit from the multiple data units in the second test reception result as the specified data unit; that is, the number of specified data units can be one.

[0154] In this invention, a data unit can be directly selected from the second test reception result as a designated data unit. The single-channel parameters can be determined simply and directly using the designated data unit, and the positional deviation of the starting data of the data unit in the second test data and the second test reception result can be determined conveniently and quickly.

[0155] In quantum measurement and control systems, the receiver can receive multiple parts of the target service data through multiple channels, and then splice these parts together to obtain the final target service data, thereby improving data transmission efficiency. However, due to differences between different channels, the different parts of the same data received by the receiver through different channels are not aligned in time; that is, different parts received within the same clock cycle do not belong to the same data. Therefore, splicing together the parts received within the same clock cycle will result in inconsistencies between the spliced ​​data and the data sent by the transmitter, leading to data transmission errors. Therefore, when there are multiple channels between the receiver and transmitter, to solve the above problem, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method for determining channel parameters provided in this application embodiment may further include the following steps:

[0156] S601, after obtaining the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters for each channel, obtains the third test reception result for each channel;

[0157] The third test result for each channel is obtained by receiving the third test data sent by the transmitter through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter and single-channel parameter of each channel; the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitter; the first number is not less than 3;

[0158] In this embodiment, the sending end and the receiving end can communicate through multiple channels. Each channel can be a physical link. For example, a network cable contains multiple lines, and each line in the network cable can serve as a channel. For instance, a network cable contains 8 lines, and the sending end and the receiving end are connected through the network cable. The sending end can simultaneously send data to the receiving end through all 8 lines in the network cable.

[0159] For each of the multiple channels, the third test data sent from the transmitter to the receiver consists of multiple identical sets of reference data units. Each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units in the order of the transmitter's clock cycles, and the first number is not less than 3. For example, the different data units contained in each set of reference data units are b1, b2, and b3, where b1, b2, and b3 are data units with specified widths, and b1, b2, and b3 are sent continuously by the transmitter according to its own clock cycle. The third test data can be "b1, b2, b3, b1, b2, b3, b1, b2, b3, ...".

[0160] Furthermore, the test data transmitted by the sending end through each of the multiple channels is identical. For example, if there are three communication channels between the sending and receiving ends, the third test data transmitted through channel 1 is b1, b2, and b3; the third test data transmitted through channel 2 is also b1, b2, and b3; and the third test data transmitted through channel 3 is also b1, b2, and b3. In this invention, because the test data transmitted through each channel is consistent, it is convenient to subsequently compare the differences between the test reception results of each channel to determine the differences between the channels.

[0161] For each of the multiple channels, the transmitter can send third test data to the receiver through that channel based on the LVDS protocol. The receiver can receive the third test data according to its own clock cycle and obtain the third test reception result for each channel.

[0162] Understandably, the sending end can send third test data to the receiving end in data units of a specified multi-bit width. Both the sending and receiving ends contain registers with a data width of the specified multi-bit width, such as FIFO (First In First Out) registers. The sending end can use registers to convert each data unit from a specified multi-bit width data unit into a single-bit data unit, and then send this single-bit data unit to the receiving end; the receiving end can use registers to parse the received single-bit data unit into a specified multi-bit width data unit, and then receive the specified multi-bit width data unit.

[0163] For example, a data unit with a specified width of multiple bits can be a data unit containing 8 bits of data. The sending end can use a register to convert each data unit of the service data from a data unit containing 8 bits of data into a data unit containing 1 bit of data, and send the data unit containing 1 bit of data to the receiving end. The receiving end can use a register to parse the received data unit containing 1 bit of data into a data unit containing 8 bits of data, and receive the data unit containing 8 bits of data.

[0164] It is understandable that the third test data consists of multiple identical sets of reference data units, and each set of reference data units contains a first set of different data units in accordance with the clock cycle order of the transmitting end. The transmitting end sends the third test data according to its own clock cycle. In other words, the set of reference data units in the third test data is arranged in the clock cycle order of the transmitting end, and each data unit in the set of reference data units is also arranged in the clock cycle order of the transmitting end.

[0165] It should be noted that if the set of reference data units sent by the transmitting end through each channel is the same, and the data in the set of reference data units are all the same data units, for example, the same data unit is "b1", and the data sent by the transmitting end through channel 1, channel 2 and channel 3 are all "b1, b1, b1, ...", then even if there are differences between different channels, the data units received by each channel in the same clock cycle will be the same, and there will be no misalignment of the data units received through different channels. In this case, it is impossible to align the data of multiple channels.

[0166] Furthermore, in practice, when the sending end transmits multiple data units through multiple channels at the same time, the misalignment between the data units received by the receiving end from one channel and the data units received through other channels will not exceed two data units. However, if each set of reference data units contains only two data units, and the misalignment between the data units received by the receiving end from one channel and the data units received through other channels is exactly two data units, then the misalignment between the two data units cannot be tested using only a set of reference data units containing two data units.

[0167] For example, the third test data consists of consecutive "b1, b2". The receiver and transmitter are connected via channels 1, 2, and 3. The data received by the receiver through channel 1 is "b1, b2, b1, b2, b1, b2...". The data units received by the receiver through channel 1 are exactly one data unit off from the data units received through channel 2. The data received by the receiver through channel 2 is "b2, b1, b2, b1, b2, b1...". The data units received by the receiver through channel 1 are exactly two data units off from the data units received through channel 3. The data received by the receiver through channel 3 is "b1, b2, b1, b2, b1, b2...". Obviously, there is no difference between the data received through channel 1 and channel 3, and it is impossible to test that the data units received by the receiver through channel 1 are exactly two data units off from the data units received through channel 3.

[0168] To test the misalignment between the data units received by the receiver from one channel and the data units received through other channels, each data unit in the reference data unit set needs to be different. Furthermore, based on the actual data units received from one channel, the misalignment between them and the data units received through other channels should not exceed two data units. The number of different data units in each reference data unit needs to be no less than 3, that is, the first number should be no less than 3. For example, the first number can be 8 or 10, etc. This invention is only illustrative and does not impose specific limitations.

[0169] Optionally, in one implementation, the first number of distinct data units in each set of reference data units are: a first number of consecutive random codes of a specified multi-bit width obtained based on the PRBS algorithm.

[0170] Understandably, the PRBS algorithm can generate multiple sets of random binary numbers within a single generation cycle. These binary numbers are also called PRBS codes. With a fixed bitstream generation function and initial code, the PRBS codes for each generation cycle are identical. The PRBS codes for each time period within the generation cycle are random, and they are continuous. For example, the PRBS code for the first time period could be b1 "10110001", the PRBS code for the second time period could be b2 "10110010", and the PRBS code for the third time period could be b3 "10110011". b2 is the PRBS code obtained by adding 1 to the PRBS code of b1, and b3 is the PRBS code obtained by adding 1 to the PRBS code of b2. Each data unit in each set of reference data units obtained based on the PRBS algorithm is a different PRBS code with a specified multi-bit width, and these data units are continuous PRBS codes. For example, the sending end has a PRBS module for generating PRBS codes to generate third test data and send it to the receiving end through multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol.

[0171] In the solution of this invention, the random code generated based on the PRBS algorithm is used as the data unit in the reference data unit set. This ensures that each data unit in the reference data unit set is continuous and different. By testing with continuous and different data units, alignment processing of data units for multiple channels can be achieved.

[0172] Optionally, in another implementation, the first number of distinct data units in each set of reference data units are: a first number of consecutive data units of a specified multi-bit width that are pre-defined.

[0173] Understandably, technicians can pre-set a first number of different data units, and the transmitting end can use these pre-set data units as a reference data unit set, continuously sending multiple reference data unit sets to the receiving end. In the solution of this invention, the reference data unit set can be manually set directly, ensuring that each data unit in the reference data unit set is continuous and different. By testing with continuous different data units, alignment processing for data units across multiple channels can be achieved.

[0174] S602, based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set, determines the target bit operation for each channel;

[0175] The target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data in the processing result are aligned for the same transmission time.

[0176] Specifically, this step may include:

[0177] Step B1: In the third test reception result of each channel, determine the first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period to obtain the set of data units to be tested within the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes the first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0178] To compare the received third test reception result with the third test data sent by the transmitter, the receiver can select multiple data units in the third test reception result for comparison with multiple data units in the third test data. Data units from a reference data unit set can be used as the multiple data units to be compared. The receiver can select a first number of continuously received data units within a specified statistical period from the third test reception result. Specifically, the specified statistical period can include a first number of time periods. When the last time period of the specified statistical period is reached, the data received in each time period within that specified statistical period can be acquired to obtain a set of test data units with the same number of data units as a reference data unit set; that is, the set of test data units for that statistical period.

[0179] The specified statistical period comprises a first number of time cycles that conform to the clock cycle sequence of the receiving end. Each time cycle contains the same number of clock cycles as the number of data bits of the specified multi-bit width. The receiving end can receive one bit of data per clock cycle, and then treats the specified multi-bit width data as a single data unit. The time taken to receive one data unit is recorded as one time cycle. The specified statistical period contains the first number of time cycles, meaning the set of data units to be tested within the specified statistical period contains the first number of data units. The number of clock cycles contained in the specified statistical period can be the product of the first number and the number of specified multi-bit width data units. For example, if the first number is 3 and the specified multi-bit width is 8 bits, then the number of clock cycles contained in one specified statistical period can be 3 × 8 = 24 clock cycles.

[0180] For example, the first number is 3. A specified statistical period contains 3 time periods. The data unit received by the receiving end in the first time period is b1, the data unit received in the second time period is b2, the data unit received in the third time period is b3, the data unit received in the first time period of the next statistical period is b1, and so on. The data received by the receiving end is "b1, b2, b3, b1, b2, b3, b1, b2, b3, ...". Every three time periods constitute a specified statistical period. In the third time period, the data received in the first, second and third time periods of the first specified statistical period can be obtained to obtain the set of data units to be tested in that statistical period, "b1, b2, b3".

[0181] Step B2: Determine the target bit operation for each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested for a specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data cells.

[0182] To determine the misalignment between data units in the test data unit set and data units in the reference data unit set, the difference between the data received by the receiver and the data sent by the transmitter under different misalignment conditions can be predetermined, and the correspondence between the difference and the bit operations required for that misalignment condition can be determined. The receiver can calculate the difference between the data in the test data unit set and the reference data unit set for a specified statistical period, and accurately determine the target bit operation for each channel based on the difference.

[0183] The sending end can send multiple data to the receiving end at the same time through multiple channels. Since the multiple channels between the sending end and the receiving end are fixed, and the differences between each channel are also fixed, for each of the multiple channels, during the process of the sending end sending the actual service data to the receiving end through that channel, the sending end can adjust the received service reception result based on the determined target bit operation of that channel, so that the processed service reception result is aligned with the data at the same time.

[0184] Given the first test data, the receiving end can determine the reference data unit set. Optionally, in one implementation, the reference data unit set in the third test data is a set of data units pre-set by a technician. The receiving end can pre-store the reference data unit set pre-set by the technician to calculate the difference between the test data unit set and the reference data unit set for a specified statistical period. Optionally, in another implementation, the sending end has a PRBS module for generating PRBS codes, and the receiving end also has a PRBS module. The PRBS modules in the sending and receiving ends generate PRBS codes in the same way. The receiving end can determine the reference data unit set based on the PRBS module and use the determined reference data unit set to calculate the difference between the test data unit set and the reference data unit set for a specified statistical period. Furthermore, the reference data unit set generated based on the PRBS module contains continuously different data units. In the process of determining the correspondence between the difference set and the bit operation set, the accurate difference can also be determined based on continuous data to further determine the accurate correspondence between the difference set and the bit operation set. In this scheme, the transmitting end can determine a reference data unit set to accurately calculate the difference between the test data unit set and the reference data unit set for a specified statistical period, thus ensuring the accuracy of the determined target bit operation.

[0185] Optionally, in one implementation, the target bit operation is: left shift, right shift, or remain unchanged.

[0186] It is understandable that the data received by the receiving end is ordered from left to right, from most significant bit to least significant bit. That is, in a sequence of received data, the most significant bit is on the left and the least significant bit is on the right. The target bit operation is a global operation on the arrangement of the data units received by the receiving end, causing each data unit to shift while maintaining its original data position. For example, if the target bit operation is left shift, the data unit received by the receiving end is moved to the left; if the target bit operation is right shift, the data unit received by the receiving end is moved to the right; if the target bit operation is unchanged, the data unit received by the receiving end remains in its original arrangement position.

[0187] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the data units in the reference data unit set are b1, b2, and b3, and the reference data unit set is "b1, b2, b3". That is to say, the standard data received by the receiving end is "..., b1, b2, b3, ...". The target bit operation corresponding to a channel can exist in the following three cases.

[0188] Scenario 1: Within a specified statistical period, the data unit received by the receiving end through a channel in the first time period of the specified statistical period is b1, the data unit received in the second time period of the specified statistical period is b2, and the data unit received in the third time period of the specified statistical period is b3. The set of data units to be measured in the specified statistical period is "b1, b2, b3". Similarly, in the first time period of the previous specified statistical period, the data unit received is b1, the data unit received in the second time period of the same specified statistical period is b2, and the data unit received in the third time period of the same specified statistical period is b3. In the first time period of the following specified statistical period, the data unit received is b1, the data unit received in the second time period of the same specified statistical period is b2, and the data unit received in the third time period of the same specified statistical period is b3, and so on. The data received through this channel is "..., b1, b2, b3, ...". The set of test data units for the specified statistical period is the standard data “…, b1, b2, b3, …”. Based on the difference between the test data unit set for the specified statistical period and the data in the reference data unit set, it can be determined that the target bit operation corresponding to the channel remains unchanged.

[0189] Scenario 2: Within a specified statistical period, the receiving end receives data unit b2 in the first time period, b3 in the second time period, and b1 in the third time period through a channel. The set of data units to be tested in this specified statistical period is "b2, b3, b1". Similarly, within the previous specified statistical period, the data unit received in the first time period is b2, the data unit received in the second time period is b3, and the data unit received in the third time period is b1. In the subsequent specified statistical period, the data unit received in the first time period is b2, the data unit received in the second time period is b3, and the data unit received in the third time period is b1, and so on. The data received through this channel is "..., b2, b3, b1,...". Based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested and the reference data unit set within this specified statistical period, the target bit operation corresponding to this channel can be determined to be a right shift. Shift all received data units one data unit to the right. After the shift operation, the data unit at the first time period position within the specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3; the data unit at the first time period position within the previous specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3; the data unit at the first time period position within the next specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3, and so on, to obtain the standard data "..., b1, b2, b3, ...".

[0190] Scenario 3: Within a specified statistical period, the receiving end receives data unit b3 in the first time period, b1 in the second time period, and b2 in the third time period through a channel. The set of data units to be tested in this specified statistical period is "b3, b1, b2". Similarly, within the previous specified statistical period, the data unit received in the first time period is b3, in the second time period is b1, and in the third time period is b2. In the subsequent specified statistical period, the data unit received in the first time period is b3, in the second time period is b1, and in the third time period is b2, and so on. The data received through this channel is "..., b3, b1, b2,...". Based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested and the reference data set within this specified statistical period, the target bit operation corresponding to this channel can be determined to be a left shift. Shift all received data units one data unit to the left. After the shift operation, the data unit at the first time period position within the specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3; the data unit at the first time period position within the previous specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3; the data unit at the first time period position within the next specified statistical period is b1, the data unit at the second time period position is b2, and the data unit at the third time period position is b3, and so on, to obtain the standard data "..., b1, b2, b3, ...".

[0191] In the solution of the present invention, since the multiple channels between the transmitting end and the receiving end are fixed, and the differences between the channels are also fixed, the data received by the receiving end through different channels can be aligned by operating on the left, right, or keeping the target bit unchanged based on the determined target bit, thus avoiding data transmission errors.

[0192] Based on the above processing, for each of the multiple channels, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units transmitted by the transmitter through the channel; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units in the order of the transmitter's clock cycle; the first number is not less than 3; and the set of data units to be tested for a specified statistical period is a first number of data units continuously received within the specified statistical period, the specified statistical period containing a first number of time periods in the order of the receiver's clock cycle; thus, based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested and the reference data unit set in the specified statistical period, the target bit operation for each channel can be determined. Since the target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data for the same transmission time in the processing result are aligned; thus, the data obtained through each channel can be shifted according to the determined target bit operation to align the data for the same transmission time, and correspondingly, the data for the same transmission time can be concatenated so that the concatenated data is consistent with the data transmitted by the transmitter, avoiding data transmission errors.

[0193] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned set determination module is specifically used to determine, in the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received in each specified statistical period of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, to obtain a set of data units to be tested for each specified statistical period.

[0194] It is understandable that, in the third test reception result of the channel, the receiving end can determine the number of data units continuously received in each specified statistical period within multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, thus obtaining the set of data units to be tested for each specified statistical period. In this invention, a set of data units to be tested can be determined for each specified statistical period within multiple consecutive specified statistical periods.

[0195] Specifically, in the third test reception result of each channel, the first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested for the specified statistical period, which may include:

[0196] Step B11: When each time period in each specified statistical period is reached, the data received in that time period is cached according to a preset duration.

[0197] The preset duration is the duration of a preset number of time periods; the preset number is the first number minus 1.

[0198] Understandably, the third test reception result for each channel is received according to the clock cycle of the receiving end. Each time cycle can receive data of a specified bit width, that is, each time cycle contains the same number of clock cycles as the specified bit width. When each time cycle in a specified statistical period is reached, the data received in that time cycle can be buffered for a preset number of time cycles, and the preset number is a first number minus 1. For example, if the first number is 3 and the preset number is 2, the data received in the first time cycle of a specified statistical period will be buffered until the third time cycle of that specified statistical period.

[0199] Step B12: When the last time period in each specified statistical period is reached, the data received in other time periods within the specified statistical period that have been cached is obtained. Combined with the data received in the last time period, the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period is obtained according to the time sequence of the received data.

[0200] Understandably, the preset number is a first number minus 1. Each specified statistical period contains a first number of time periods. When the last time period of the specified statistical period is reached, the data cached from the second-first number of time periods to the last time period can be directly obtained, which is the data received in other time periods within the specified statistical period. This data is then combined with the data received in the last time period. Then, according to the clock cycle order of the received data, the set of test data units for the specified statistical period is obtained. For example, according to the chronological order of the received data, the data received in other time periods and the data received in the last time period are arranged from left to right to obtain the set of test data units for the specified statistical period.

[0201] In this embodiment, data received in other time periods within each statistical period can be cached, and the cached data from other time periods can be combined with the data received in the last time period to obtain the set of data units to be tested for the specified statistical period, ensuring the smooth execution of the difference calculation between the set of data units to be tested and the set of reference data units.

[0202] The operation of determining the target bit for each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data cells for a specified statistical period may include:

[0203] Step B21: Based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the data in the set of reference data cells in each of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, determine the initial bit operation for each channel to obtain all the initial bit operations for multiple specified statistical periods.

[0204] Understandably, the receiving end can determine the initial bit operation for each specified statistical period, and for multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, multiple initial bit operations can be determined.

[0205] Optionally, in one implementation, step B21 may include the following steps:

[0206] B211, determine the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the data in the set of reference data cells in each of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, and use it as the difference to be tested;

[0207] B212 determines the bit operation corresponding to the difference to be measured for each specified statistical period from the pre-defined correspondence between the difference set and the bit operation set, and uses it as the initial bit operation for each channel.

[0208] Understandably, since the multiple channels between the receiver and transmitter are fixed, and the differences between each channel are also fixed, the correspondence between the difference between the data in the test data unit set and the reference data unit set and the bit operation is also fixed. The transmitter can pre-store a preset correspondence between the difference set and the bit operation set. For each specified statistical period, the difference between the data in the test data unit set and the reference data unit set in that specified statistical period is calculated as the test difference; then, from the preset correspondence between the difference set and the bit operation set, the bit operation corresponding to the test difference in that specified statistical period is determined as the initial bit operation for that specified statistical period. Since multiple specified statistical periods are determined in the third test reception result of each channel, multiple initial bit operations can be determined for each channel.

[0209] In the solution of the present invention, the initial bit operation of each channel can be accurately determined by the correspondence between the preset difference set and the bit operation set.

[0210] Optionally, in determining the correspondence between the preset difference set and the bit operation set, since the differences between each channel are fixed, there are multiple fixed cases for the difference between the data in the test data unit set and the reference data unit set. Therefore, technicians can directly determine the difference corresponding to each fixed case as the preset difference set. Each determined difference is the difference between the data in the corresponding sample data unit set and the reference data unit set. For each difference in the difference set, the bit operation corresponding to the sample data unit set can be determined based on the misalignment between the data units in the corresponding sample data unit set and the data units in the reference data unit set.

[0211] For example, if the three data units in the baseline data unit set within a specified statistical period are "b1, b2, b3", and the baseline data unit set is "..., b1, b2, b3...", and the data units received in the sample data unit set within a specified statistical period are "b3, b1, b2", and the sample data unit set is "..., b3, b1, b2, ..."; for the data units received in each time period within a specified statistical period, the data unit "b1" received by the sample data unit set in the second time period of the specified statistical period is related to the data unit received by the baseline data unit set in the first time period of the specified statistical period. The received data unit "b1" is the same; the data unit "b2" received by the sample data unit set in the third time period of the specified statistical period is the same as the data unit "b2" received by the benchmark data unit set in the second time period of the specified statistical period. It can be seen that the data units in the sample data unit set are shifted one data unit to the right compared to the data units in the benchmark data unit set. Therefore, shifting the data units in the sample data unit set one data unit to the left will make the sample data unit set consistent with the benchmark data unit set; thus, the bit operation corresponding to this sample data unit set can be determined as a left shift. Similarly, if the data units in the sample data unit set are shifted one data unit to the left compared to the data units in the benchmark data unit set, shifting the data units in the sample data unit set one data unit to the right will make the sample data unit set consistent with the benchmark data unit set; thus, the bit operation corresponding to this sample data unit set can be determined as a right shift. If the data units in the sample data unit set are not shifted compared to the data units in the benchmark data unit set, then the bit operation corresponding to this sample data unit set can be determined as unchanged.

[0212] Specifically, a set of bit operations can be constructed using the bit operations corresponding to each determined set of sample data units. Since each set of sample data units corresponds to a difference and each set of sample data units corresponds to a bit operation, each bit operation in the set of bit operations corresponds to a difference. Therefore, a correspondence between the set of differences and the set of bit operations can be established.

[0213] In this scheme, the bit operation corresponding to the sample data unit set can be determined based on the misalignment between the data units of the sample data unit set and the data units of the reference data unit set. The bit operation is then mapped to the difference between the sample data unit set and the reference data unit set, thus accurately determining the correspondence between the preset difference set and the bit operation set.

[0214] Step B22: From all initial bit operations, select the initial bit operation that is consistent for the second consecutive number of specified statistical periods, and use it as the target bit operation for each channel.

[0215] It is understandable that for each channel, there are multiple initial bit operations corresponding to each specified statistical period of that channel. Generally speaking, the differences between one channel and other channels are fixed, and the multiple initial bit operations determined for one channel are all the same. However, since the data transmission process is greatly affected by the environment, it cannot be guaranteed that the multiple initial bit operations belonging to one channel are all the same, and the accuracy of the target bit operation determined by only one initial bit operation cannot be guaranteed. In order to ensure the accuracy of the target bit operation, in the solution of this invention, if the initial bit operations of the second consecutive specified statistical periods are consistent, the initial bit operation of that specified statistical period is taken as the target bit operation, which can guarantee the accuracy of the target bit operation.

[0216] For example, for each specified statistical period corresponding to the initial bit operation, the occurrence count of the same initial bit operation is counted according to the time sequence of each specified statistical period. If the same initial bit operation occurs, the occurrence count of the same initial bit operation is incremented by one; if the same initial bit operation does not occur, the occurrence count of the same initial bit operation is reset to zero and the count is restarted. If the counted occurrence count of the same initial bit operation reaches a second number, then the same initial bit operation is determined to be the target bit operation. The second number can be 50; this embodiment of the invention is only for illustrative purposes and does not impose a specific limitation.

[0217] In this scheme, the target bit operation can be accurately determined by identifying the second consecutive set of initial bit operations that are consistent with each other.

[0218] In one implementation, obtaining the third test reception result for each channel may include: adjusting the starting data of each data unit represented by the second test reception result of each channel based on the single-channel parameters of each channel to obtain the third test reception result for each channel.

[0219] In other words, the second and third test data can be the same set of data. The receiving end can determine the single-channel parameters of each channel and the target bit operation of each channel based on only the third test data (i.e. the second test data), thereby saving processing steps and improving the efficiency of determining the single-channel parameters and target bit operation.

[0220] In this embodiment, for each of the multiple channels, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitter based on the LVDS protocol; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units in the clock cycle order of the transmitter; the first number is not less than 3; and the set of data units to be tested for a specified statistical period is a first number of data units continuously received within the specified statistical period, the specified statistical period containing a first number of time periods in the clock cycle order of the receiver; thus, based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested and the reference data unit set in the specified statistical period, the target bit operation for each channel can be determined. Since the target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data for the same transmission time in the processing result are aligned; thus, the data obtained through each channel can be shifted according to the determined target bit operation to align the data for the same transmission time, and correspondingly, the data for the same transmission time can be concatenated so that the concatenated data is consistent with the data sent by the transmitter, avoiding data transmission errors.

[0221] Based on the above method for determining channel parameters, this application provides a data transmission method applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the method includes:

[0222] S801, obtain the channel data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters; wherein, the channel data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters are determined by the method described above for determining channel parameters;

[0223] S802, based on the data reception delay parameter, performs delayed reception on the service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol, and obtains the service reception result; wherein, the service data is: the data unit sent by the sending end according to the specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0224] S803 adjusts the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data.

[0225] Furthermore, when there are multiple channels between the receiving end and the sending end, such as... Figure 9 As shown, prior to step S803 above, the method further includes:

[0226] S901, Obtain the target bit operation for each channel; wherein, the target bit operation for each channel is determined according to the channel parameter determination method described above;

[0227] Step S802 above includes:

[0228] S902, based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, delay reception is performed on the sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the LVDS protocol to obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: the part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels;

[0229] Step S803 above includes:

[0230] S903, based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, adjusts the starting data of each data unit represented by the sub-service reception result of each channel;

[0231] S904, based on the target bit operation of each channel, shifts each data in the adjusted sub-service reception result of each channel so that the data for the same transmission time in the adjusted sub-service reception result obtained through each channel are aligned.

[0232] S905, after alignment processing, splices together the mutually aligned data from the adjusted sub-service reception results obtained from each channel to obtain service data.

[0233] Since each channel corresponds to a different arrangement position in the service data, the receiving end can splice the data according to the arrangement position of the corresponding parts of each channel. For example, if there are three channels, channel 1, channel 2, and channel 3, the trigger signal can be divided into a first part corresponding to the beginning position, a second part corresponding to the middle position, and a third part corresponding to the end position, according to their arrangement positions. The receiving end receives the first part through channel 1, the second part through channel 2, and the third part through channel 3. After alignment processing, the receiving end can splice the first, second, and third parts according to the arrangement position of the corresponding parts of each channel, that is, the order of the beginning position, the middle position, and the end position. Optionally, the arrangement position of the parts corresponding to each channel can be preset. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this, but only provides an example.

[0234] For example, the business data consists of three different data units: "10110001", "10110010", and "10110011", forming the data "1011000110110010". The transmitter and receiver communicate via three channels. The transmitter can divide the trigger signal into three sub-service data: the first part "10110001" corresponding to the beginning position, the second part "10110010" corresponding to the middle position, and the third part "10110011" corresponding to the end position. The transmitter sends the first part "10110001" through channel 1, the second part "10110010" through channel 2, and the third part "10110011" through channel 3. The receiver receives the sub-service data through each channel. After the shift module performs alignment processing, the splicing module can splice the first part "10110001", the second part "10110010", and the third part "10110011" according to the arrangement of the parts corresponding to each channel to obtain the service data "10110001 10110010 10110011".

[0235] In the solution of the present invention, the data can be spliced ​​according to the arrangement position of the corresponding parts of each channel, so as to ensure that the spliced ​​data is consistent with the business data in terms of arrangement order, and avoid errors in transmitting data through multiple channels.

[0236] In this embodiment, the transmitting and receiving ends of the quantum computing measurement and control system transmit data based on the LVDS protocol, achieving low latency data transmission within the system. Furthermore, the receiving end first delays the reception of the service data sent by the transmitting end according to the data reception delay parameters of each channel to avoid data errors. Based on this, it adjusts the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result of each channel according to the single-channel parameters, ensuring that the data units in the received data are consistent with those sent by the transmitting end. Further, it uses target bit operations of each channel to shift the data in the adjusted service reception results obtained through each channel, aligning the data for the same transmission time in the adjusted service reception results obtained through each channel. Finally, it concatenates the aligned data in the adjusted service reception results of each channel, ensuring that the concatenated data is consistent with the data sent by the transmitting end. Thus, this scheme achieves low latency data transmission between modules in the quantum computing measurement and control system while ensuring data transmission stability.

[0237] In another aspect of this application, a method for determining channel parameters is also provided, applicable to quantum computing measurement and control systems, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the method may include:

[0238] S1001, after delaying the reception of the periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through each of the multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of each channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data in each of the received first test reception results of each channel.

[0239] Among them, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data sent by the sending end after the first test data;

[0240] S1002, after delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the target bit operation of each channel is determined based on the difference between the received third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set.

[0241] The third test data consists of multiple identical sets of reference data units sent by the transmitter based on the LVDS protocol; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units in accordance with the clock cycle order of the transmitter; the first number is not less than 3.

[0242] Step S1001 above may include:

[0243] The target interval is determined from each delay interval; wherein, in each first test reception result of each channel, the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the pre-stored first test data;

[0244] Select one target interval from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter for each channel.

[0245] Optionally, determining the target interval from each delay interval may include:

[0246] The first test reception result corresponding to each delay interval in each delay interval is compared with the pre-stored first test data; the delay interval with the same comparison result is determined as the target interval.

[0247] Optionally, the above-mentioned delayed reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the sending end through each of the multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals may include:

[0248] For each of the multiple delay intervals, the periodic first test data sent by the sending end through each of the multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol is received multiple times with delay according to each delay interval, so as to obtain the corresponding multiple first test reception results;

[0249] Determining the target interval from each delay interval can include:

[0250] Each delay interval is compared with the corresponding first test data; the delay interval in which the number of comparisons reaches the same preset value is determined as the target interval.

[0251] Optionally, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing the two clock cycles of the first test data.

[0252] Optionally, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by equally dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data.

[0253] Optionally, the above selection of a target interval from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter for each channel includes:

[0254] Select the target interval located at the midpoint from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter for each channel.

[0255] Optionally, the first test data is a pseudo-random binary sequence code.

[0256] Optionally, the first test data is multi-bit wide data; delayed reception is performed on the periodic first test data transmitted by the sending end through each of the multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, including:

[0257] The first test data is obtained by reversing the periodic single-bit-width data to be converted sent by the sending end through each of the multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol; wherein, the data to be converted is obtained by the sending end converting the first test data;

[0258] The first test data is received with delay according to multiple delay intervals.

[0259] Step S1002 above may include:

[0260] In the third test reception result of each channel, the first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes the first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0261] The target bit operation for each channel is determined based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested for a specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data cells.

[0262] Optionally, in the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain a set of data units to be tested for the specified statistical period, including:

[0263] In the test reception results of each channel, the first number of data units continuously received in each specified statistical period within multiple consecutive specified statistical periods are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in each specified statistical period.

[0264] The above-mentioned operation of determining the target bit of each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested for a specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data cells includes:

[0265] Based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the set of reference data cells in each of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, the initial bit operation of each channel is determined to obtain all the initial bit operations of multiple specified statistical periods.

[0266] From all initial bit operations, select the initial bit operation that is consistent for the second consecutive number of specified statistical periods, and use it as the target bit operation for each channel.

[0267] Optionally, the above-mentioned determination of the initial bit operation for each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the data in the set of reference data cells in each of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods, to obtain all the initial bit operations for multiple specified statistical periods, including:

[0268] The difference between the data in the set of data cells to be tested and the data in the set of data cells to be referenced in each of multiple consecutive specified statistical periods is determined as the difference to be tested.

[0269] From the pre-defined correspondence between the set of differences and the set of bit operations, determine the bit operation corresponding to the difference to be measured for each specified statistical period, and use it as the initial bit operation for each channel.

[0270] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a data transmission method applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the method may include:

[0271] S1101, obtain the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation for each of the multiple channels; wherein, the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation for each channel are determined by the method for determining the channel parameters described above;

[0272] S1102, based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, delay reception is performed on the sub-service data sent by the sending end through each channel based on the LVDS protocol to obtain the sub-service reception result;

[0273] Among them, sub-service data is: the portion containing at least one data unit obtained by the sending end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; sub-service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0274] S1103, based on the target bit operation of each channel, shifts each data in the sub-service reception result of each channel so that the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time are aligned.

[0275] S1104 After alignment processing, the data that are aligned with each other in the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel are spliced ​​together to obtain service data.

[0276] In this embodiment, the transmitting and receiving ends of the quantum computing measurement and control system transmit data based on the LVDS protocol, achieving low latency data transmission within the system. Furthermore, the receiving end first delays the reception of sub-service data transmitted by the transmitting end through each channel according to the data reception delay parameters for each channel, to avoid errors in the received data. Based on this, target bit operations for each channel are used to align the data at the same transmission time in the received results from each channel. Then, the aligned data from the received results of each channel are concatenated, ensuring that the concatenated data is consistent with the service data transmitted by the transmitting end. Thus, this scheme achieves low latency data transmission between modules in the quantum computing measurement and control system while ensuring data transmission stability.

[0277] This application also provides a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the quantum computing measurement and control system includes a receiver 1202 and a transmitter 1201; wherein:

[0278] Transmitter 1201 is used to send data to receiver according to a specified multi-bit width data unit based on the LVDS protocol;

[0279] The receiver 1202 is used to perform any of the above-described methods for determining channel parameters or any of the above-described methods for transmitting data.

[0280] In this embodiment of the application, the structural schematic diagram of the quantum computing measurement and control system can be as follows: Figure 13As shown, the quantum computing measurement and control system includes: a routing board 20, a function board 40, and a central control board 30. The central control board 30 and the routing board 20 are typically connected via a network cable; that is, a link based on the LVDS protocol is loaded onto the network cable between the central control board 30 and the routing board 20. Furthermore, the function board 40 and the routing board 20 are typically connected via PCB (Printed Circuit Board) backplane traces, and signal transmission between the function board 40 and the routing board 20 can also be performed based on the LVDS protocol.

[0281] The functional board 40 is used to send execution signals to the quantum chip 50 to control the qubits in the quantum chip 50 and obtain the measurement results of the qubits; the routing board 20 is used to forward the data transmitted between the functional board 40 and the central control board 30; the central control board 30 is used to control the functional board 40 to send execution signals to the quantum chip 50.

[0282] It is understandable that during the process of forwarding data between the function board 40 and the central control board 30 by the routing board 20, if the forwarded data is data used to control the qubits in the quantum chip 50 to perform quantum operations, such as a trigger signal, then there are two possibilities: First, the sending end is the central control board 30 and the receiving end is the routing board 20; second, the receiving end is the routing board 20 and the sending end is the function board 40.

[0283] The aforementioned functional board 40 may include: AWG (Arbitrary Wave Generator) board 401, DAC (Analog to Digital Converter) board 402 and ADDA (Analog to Digital / Digital to Analog) board 403;

[0284] Functional board 40 may include a variety of boards to perform different tasks.

[0285] The quantum chip 50 integrates multiple qubits, and each qubit of the quantum chip 50 is connected to a magnetic flux modulation control line, a quantum state control line, and a readout bus.

[0286] When qubits perform quantum operations, they need to be at a corresponding operating frequency. The execution signal of the AWG board 401 is a magnetic flux modulation signal. Through the magnetic flux modulation control line, the magnetic flux modulation signal is applied to the qubits of the quantum chip 50 to control the operating frequency of the qubits. The magnetic flux modulation signal can include a DC voltage signal and a pulse bias signal.

[0287] When a qubit performs a quantum operation, its quantum state needs to be in the target quantum state. The execution signal of the DAC board 402 is the first microwave signal. Through the quantum state control line, the first microwave signal is applied to the qubit of the quantum chip 50 to adjust the quantum state of the qubit to the target quantum state.

[0288] The execution signal of ADDA board 403 is the second microwave signal. ADDA board 403 has a DAC section. ADDA board 403 applies the second microwave signal to the quantum bit through the read bus, and then, based on the DAC section, acquires the feedback signal output by the quantum bit. The feedback signal is modified to obtain the measurement result of the quantum bit, realizing quantum measurement of the result of quantum operation on the quantum bit. The second microwave signal is the signal obtained by mixing the intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillator signal of the DAC section on ADDA board 403. Both the first and second microwave signals are high-frequency microwave signals, but their frequencies and power parameters are different.

[0289] In this invention, the service data is a trigger signal sent by the routing board 20. The function board 40 generates an execution signal through the signal parameters and sends a first ready signal to the routing board 20. Based on the LVDS protocol and the target service acquisition result obtained by adjusting the single-channel parameters, the function board 40 can effectively receive the trigger signal, control the quantum operation of the quantum chip 50, and obtain the measurement result, thereby ensuring the validity of the measurement result of the quantum computing measurement and control system and the efficient utilization of the coherence time of the quantum bits.

[0290] The host computer 10 can determine the task information of the quantum computing task to be executed. This task information may include qubit information and signal parameters, which can be parameter information for various signals provided to the qubits. The routing board 20 in the quantum computing measurement and control system can receive the signal parameters sent by the host computer 10 and send them to the function board 40. After receiving the signal parameters, the function board 40 generates an execution signal and then sends it to the quantum chip 50. Furthermore, after receiving the signal parameters, the function board 40 can send a first ready signal to the routing board 20.

[0291] When the routing board 20 receives the first ready signal from the function board 40, it can send a second ready signal to the central control board 30. Upon receiving the second ready signal, the central control board 30 generates a trigger signal and sends it to the routing board 20 based on the LVDS protocol. When the routing board 20 receives the trigger signal, it sends it to the function board 40 based on the LVDS protocol. When the function board 40 receives the trigger signal, it sends an execution signal to the quantum chip 50 and then acquires the measurement results of the quantum bits. The function board 40 can send the acquired measurement results to the routing board 20, and the routing board 20 can send the received measurement results to the host computer 10.

[0292] The data transmission process based on the LVDS protocol within the quantum measurement and control system can be performed using the data transmission method provided in the aforementioned embodiments to achieve low latency in data transmission between modules in the quantum computing measurement and control system and ensure the stability of data transmission.

[0293] This application also provides a quantum computer, including the above-mentioned quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum chip, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum computing tasks according to the execution signals sent by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0294] This invention also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 14 As shown, it includes a processor 1401, a communication interface 1402, a memory 1403, and a communication bus 1404, wherein the processor 1401, the communication interface 1402, and the memory 1403 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1404.

[0295] Memory 1403 is used to store computer programs;

[0296] The processor 1401, when executing the program stored in the memory 1403, implements the method for determining the channel parameters described above, or the method for transmitting data described above.

[0297] The communication bus mentioned in the above electronic devices can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0298] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic devices and other devices.

[0299] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0300] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0301] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a device for determining channel parameters, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the device includes:

[0302] The data reception delay parameter determination module 1501 is used to determine the data reception delay parameter of the channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data sent by the transmitting end after the first test data.

[0303] The single-channel parameter determination module 1502 is used to determine the single-channel parameters of the channel based on the bit order deviation between the received second test data and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data after delaying the reception of the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the data reception delay parameters; wherein, the second test data is sent by the transmitting end according to the LVDS protocol according to the specified multi-bit width data unit; the second test reception result represents the part of the received data belonging to each data unit.

[0304] Optionally, the data reception delay parameter determination module 1501 includes:

[0305] The target interval determination submodule is used to determine a target interval from each of the delay intervals; wherein the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance;

[0306] The parameter determination submodule is used to select one target interval from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter of the channel.

[0307] Optionally, the single-channel parameter determination module 1502 includes:

[0308] The interception submodule is used to intercept the second test reception result by taking each bit of data in the specified data unit of the second test reception result as the starting data for interception, taking the specified multi-bit width as the interception size, and intercepting the second test reception result in the direction from the high bit to the low bit according to the bit order of the data, so as to obtain multiple interception results of the specified data unit.

[0309] The single-channel parameter determination submodule is used to determine the single-channel parameter of the channel based on the position of the starting data of the target interception result in the specified data unit if there is a target interception result among the multiple interception results that is consistent with any data unit in the pre-stored second test data.

[0310] Optionally, the device for determining the channel parameters may further include:

[0311] The receiving result acquisition module is used to acquire the third test receiving result for each channel after obtaining the data receiving delay parameter and single-channel parameter for each channel; wherein, the third test result for each channel is obtained by receiving the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the LVDS protocol, based on the data receiving delay parameter and single-channel parameter of each channel; the third test data is a plurality of identical reference data unit sets; each reference data unit set contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3;

[0312] The target bit operation determination module is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set; wherein, the target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data in the obtained processing result are aligned for the same transmission time.

[0313] Optionally, the target bit operation determination module includes:

[0314] The unit set determination submodule is used to determine, in the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period, to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0315] The target bit operation determination submodule is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested during the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

[0316] Optionally, the receiving result acquisition module is specifically used to adjust the starting data of each data unit represented by the second test receiving result of each channel based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, so as to obtain the third test receiving result of each channel.

[0317] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a data transmission device applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the device includes:

[0318] The parameter acquisition module 1601 is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters; wherein the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters are determined by the aforementioned method for determining channel parameters;

[0319] The delayed reception module 1602 is used to receive service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol based on the data reception delay parameter, and obtain a service reception result; wherein, the service data is: data units sent by the sending end according to a specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0320] The adjustment module 1603 is used to adjust the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data.

[0321] This invention also provides a device for determining channel parameters, applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the device includes:

[0322] The data reception delay parameter determination module 1701 is used to determine the data reception delay parameter for each channel based on the delay intervals corresponding to the delay intervals of the first test reception results that are the same as the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through each of the multiple channels according to the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data sent by the transmitting end after the first test data.

[0323] The target bit operation determination module 1702 is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the received third test data of each channel and the data in a pre-stored set of reference data units after delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the data reception delay parameter of each channel; wherein, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

[0324] Optionally, the data reception delay parameter determination module 1701 includes:

[0325] The target interval determination submodule is used to determine a target interval from each of the delay intervals; wherein the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance;

[0326] The parameter determination submodule is used to select one target interval from multiple consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter of the channel.

[0327] The target bit operation determination module includes:

[0328] The unit set determination submodule is used to determine, in the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period, to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end.

[0329] The target bit operation determination submodule is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested during the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

[0330] Optionally, the receiving result acquisition module is specifically used to adjust the starting data of each data unit represented by the second test receiving result of each channel based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, so as to obtain the third test receiving result of each channel.

[0331] Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a data transmission device applied to a quantum computing measurement and control system, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the device includes:

[0332] The parameter acquisition module 1801 is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each of the multiple channels; wherein, the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each channel are determined according to the method for determining channel parameters;

[0333] The delayed reception module 1802 is used to receive sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, and obtain a sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: a part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; the sub-service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit;

[0334] The shift module 1803 is used to shift each data in the sub-service reception result of each channel based on the target bit operation of each channel, so as to align the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time.

[0335] The splicing module 1804 is used to splice the mutually aligned data from the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel after alignment processing to obtain the service data.

[0336] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining channel parameters described above, or the method for transmitting data described above.

[0337] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the channel parameter determination method or the data transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0338] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)).

[0339] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0340] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system and device embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0341] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining channel parameters, characterized in that, The method, applied to quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: After delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of the channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data among the received first test reception results; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple continuous time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of data transmitted by the transmitting end; After delaying the reception of the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel based on the data reception delay parameter, the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined based on the bit order deviation between the received second test reception result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data; wherein, the second test data is sent by the transmitting end according to the LVDS protocol in the form of a data unit with a specified multi-bit width; the second test reception result represents the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the data reception delay parameter of the channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is identical to the pre-stored first test data among the received first test reception results includes: A target interval is determined from each of the delay intervals; wherein the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance; Select one target interval from a plurality of consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter of the channel.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of single-channel parameters of the channel based on the bit order deviation between the received second test result and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data includes: Each bit of data in a specified data unit in the second test reception result is used as the starting data for truncation, and the specified multi-bit width is used as the truncation size. The second test reception result is truncated in the direction from the high bit to the low bit according to the bit order of the data to obtain multiple truncation results of the specified data unit. If any of the multiple interception results is a target interception result that matches any data unit in the pre-stored second test data, then the single-channel parameter of the channel is determined according to the position of the starting data of the target interception result in the specified data unit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple channels between the receiving end and the sending end; The method further includes: After obtaining the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters for each channel, the third test reception result for each channel is obtained. The third test result for each channel is obtained by receiving the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel using the LVDS protocol, based on the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters for each channel. The third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units. Each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3. Based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set, the target bit operation of each channel is determined; wherein, the target bit operation of each channel is used to shift the data received by each channel so that the data in the obtained processing result are aligned for the same transmission time.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operation of determining the target bit for each channel based on the difference between the third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set includes: In the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end. The target bit operation for each channel is determined based on the difference between the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The acquisition of the third test reception result for each channel includes: Based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the second test reception result of each channel is adjusted to obtain the third test reception result of each channel.

7. A data transmission method, characterized in that, The method, applied to quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: The data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters of the channel are obtained; wherein the data reception delay parameters and single-channel parameters of the channel are determined by the method according to any one of claims 1-3; Based on the data reception delay parameter, the service data sent by the sending end through the channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with a delay to obtain the service reception result; wherein, the service data is: the data unit sent by the sending end according to a specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit; Based on the single-channel parameters of the channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result is adjusted to obtain the service data.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, There are multiple channels between the receiving end and the sending end; Before adjusting the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data, the method further includes: Obtain the target bit operation for each channel; wherein the target bit operation for each channel is determined by the method according to any one of claims 4-6; The step of delaying the reception of service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol, based on the data reception delay parameter, to obtain the service reception result includes: Based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with delay to obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: a part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; The process of adjusting the initial data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data includes: Based on the single-channel parameters of each channel, the starting data of each data unit represented by the sub-service reception result of each channel is adjusted. Based on the target bit operation of each channel, the data in the adjusted sub-service reception result of each channel are shifted to align the data for the same transmission time in the adjusted sub-service reception result obtained through each channel. After alignment processing, the aligned data from the adjusted sub-service reception results obtained from each channel are spliced ​​together to obtain the service data.

9. A method for determining channel parameters, characterized in that, The method, applied to quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: After delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through each of multiple channels based on the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals, the data reception delay parameter of each channel is determined based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data in each of the received first test reception results of each channel; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are: multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data transmitted by the transmitting end after the first test data; After delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the target bit operation of each channel is determined based on the difference between the received third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set; wherein, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol; each reference data unit set contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of determining the data reception delay parameter for each channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the first test reception result that is identical to the pre-stored first test data in each of the received first test reception results of each channel includes: A target interval is determined from each of the delay intervals; wherein, in each of the first test reception results of each channel, the first test reception result corresponding to the target interval is the same as the first test data stored in advance; Select one target interval from a plurality of consecutive target intervals as the data reception delay parameter for each channel.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The operation of determining the target bit for each channel based on the difference between the received third test reception result of each channel and the data in the pre-stored reference data unit set includes: In the third test reception result of each channel, a first number of data units continuously received within a specified statistical period are determined to obtain the set of data units to be tested in the specified statistical period; wherein, the specified statistical period includes a first number of time periods that conform to the clock cycle order of the receiving end. The target bit operation for each channel is determined based on the difference between the data in the set of data units to be tested during the specified statistical period and the data in the pre-stored set of reference data units.

12. A data transmission method, characterized in that, The method, applied to quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: The data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each of the multiple channels are obtained; wherein the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each channel are determined by the method according to any one of claims 9-11; Based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, the sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the LVDS protocol is received with a delay to obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: the part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; the sub-service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit; Based on the target bit operation of each channel, the data in the sub-service reception result of each channel are shifted so that the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time are aligned. After alignment processing, the data that are aligned with each other in the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel are spliced ​​together to obtain the service data.

13. A quantum computing measurement and control system, characterized in that, The quantum computing measurement and control system includes a receiver and a transmitter; wherein: The transmitting end is used to send data to the receiving end according to a specified multi-bit width data unit based on the LVDS protocol; The receiving end is used to perform the method for determining channel parameters as described in any one of claims 1-6 or 9-11, or the data transmission method as described in claims 7-8 or 12.

14. A quantum computer, characterized in that, It includes the quantum computing measurement and control system and quantum chip as described in claim 13, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum computing tasks according to the execution signals sent by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-12.

16. A device for determining channel parameters, characterized in that, The device, used in quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: The data reception delay parameter determination module is used to determine the data reception delay parameter of the channel based on the delay interval corresponding to the delay interval of the first test reception result that is the same as the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple continuous time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data sent by the transmitting end after the first test data; A single-channel parameter determination module is used to determine the single-channel parameters of the channel based on the bit order deviation between the received second test data and the starting data of the data unit in the pre-stored second test data, after delaying the reception of the second test data sent by the transmitting end through the channel according to the data reception delay parameters; wherein, the second test data is sent by the transmitting end according to the LVDS protocol according to the specified multi-bit width data unit; the second test reception result represents the part of the received data belonging to each data unit.

17. A data transmission device, characterized in that, The device, used in quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: A parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters; wherein the data reception delay parameters of the channel and the single-channel parameters are determined by the method according to any one of claims 1-3; The delayed reception module is used to receive service data sent by the sending end through the channel based on the LVDS protocol based on the data reception delay parameter, and obtain a service reception result; wherein, the service data is: data units sent by the sending end according to a specified multi-bit width; the service reception result represents: the portion of the received data belonging to each data unit; An adjustment module is used to adjust the starting data of each data unit represented by the service reception result based on the single-channel parameters of the channel to obtain the service data.

18. A device for determining channel parameters, characterized in that, The device, used in quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: The data reception delay parameter determination module is used to determine the data reception delay parameter for each channel based on the delay intervals corresponding to the delay intervals of the first test reception results that are identical to the pre-stored first test data, after delaying the reception of periodic first test data transmitted by the transmitting end through each of the multiple channels according to the LVDS protocol according to multiple delay intervals; wherein, the multiple delay intervals are multiple consecutive time periods obtained by dividing at least one clock cycle of the first test data; the data reception delay parameter is used to delay the reception of other data transmitted by the transmitting end after the first test data; The target bit operation determination module is used to determine the target bit operation of each channel based on the difference between the received third test data of each channel and the data in a pre-stored set of reference data units after delaying the reception of the third test data sent by the transmitting end through each channel according to the data reception delay parameter of each channel; wherein, the third test data is a set of multiple identical reference data units sent by the transmitting end based on the LVDS protocol; each set of reference data units contains a first number of different data units that conform to the clock cycle order of the transmitting end; the first number is not less than 3.

19. A data transmission device, characterized in that, The device, used in quantum computing measurement and control systems, includes: A parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each of the multiple channels; wherein, the data reception delay parameters and target bit operation of each channel are determined by the method according to any one of claims 9-11; The delayed reception module is used to receive sub-service data sent by the transmitting end through each channel based on the data reception delay parameter of each channel, and obtain the sub-service reception result; wherein, the sub-service data is: a part containing at least one data unit obtained by the transmitting end dividing the service data according to the number of channels; the sub-service reception result represents: the part of the received data belonging to each data unit; The shift module is used to shift each data in the sub-service reception result of each channel based on the target bit operation of each channel, so as to align the data in the sub-service reception result obtained through each channel for the same transmission time. The splicing module is used to splice the mutually aligned data from the sub-service reception results obtained from each channel after alignment processing to obtain the service data.

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