An axial permanent magnetic levitation bearing based on electromagnetic suspension and a control system thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing based on electromagnetic suspension and a control system thereof, which comprises an axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing stator, an axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor, a load, an axial permanent magnetic bearing and two radial electromagnetic bearings, the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor and the radial electromagnetic bearings are installed in the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing stator, the axial permanent magnetic bearing is installed on the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor, the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor is connected with the load, the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing rotor passes through the radial electromagnetic bearings and the axial permanent magnetic bearing, the radial electromagnetic bearings are located on the two sides of the axial permanent magnetic bearing, and the axial suspension is realized through the relative movement between a plurality of annular permanent magnets of the axial permanent magnetic bearing. The application realizes the radial control of the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing, thereby ensuring that the axial permanent magnetic suspension bearing based on the suspension structure design of the permanent magnetic array can work in the optimal suspension gap, and the floating weight ratio is greatly improved in the axial direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of suspension bearing technology, and in particular to an axial permanent magnet suspension bearing based on electromagnetic suspension and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing magnetic levitation bearings suffer from problems such as complex control systems, high energy consumption, and low buoyancy-to-weight ratio in axial support. Electromagnetic levitation offers advantages such as high stiffness and adjustable electromagnetic force, but requires a levitation control system, increasing system complexity and energy consumption. Permanent magnet levitation, largely based on the principle of like poles repulsion in permanent magnets, offers low energy consumption, but has weaker load-bearing capacity and lower levitation stiffness. Hybrid levitation can increase load-bearing capacity to some extent compared to permanent magnet levitation, but its nonlinear characteristics increase control difficulty.

[0003] The invention patent with publication number CN116398538A discloses a permanent magnet biased radial magnetic levitation bearing and a magnetic levitation rotating mechanism. The radial magnetic levitation bearing includes a stator assembly, a main shaft, and a control unit. The stator assembly includes end magnetic plates, a permanent magnet assembly, and a stator core with an embedded control coil, which are coaxially stacked vertically. The main shaft is coaxially inserted into the stator assembly. An end air gap is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft and the inner peripheral end face of the end magnetic plates, and an electromagnet air gap is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft and the inner peripheral end of the stator core. The control unit drives the control coil to generate control currents in positive and negative directions. This patent cannot provide good axial support.

[0004] Therefore, providing a bearing that can better provide axial support is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art by providing an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation and its control system.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation is provided, comprising an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator, an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor, a load, an axial permanent magnet bearing, and two radial electromagnetic bearings. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor and the radial electromagnetic bearings are both installed in the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator. The axial permanent magnet bearings are installed on the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor is connected to the load. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor passes through the radial electromagnetic bearings and the axial permanent magnet bearings. The radial electromagnetic bearings are located on both sides of the axial permanent magnet bearings. Axial levitation is achieved by the relative movement between multiple annular permanent magnets of the axial permanent magnet bearings.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the radial electromagnetic bearing includes a radial electromagnetic bearing stator and a radial electromagnetic bearing coil. The radial electromagnetic bearing stator is connected to the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator. The radial electromagnetic bearing coil is mounted on the radial electromagnetic bearing stator and is spaced apart with the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor as the center.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotor includes a rotating shaft, a thrust disk, and a magnetic guide ring. The rotating shaft passes through the radial electromagnetic bearing and the axial permanent magnet bearing. The thrust disk and the magnetic guide ring are both mounted on the rotor. The magnetic guide ring and the radial electromagnetic bearing are on the same plane.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing further includes a partition plate, which is installed on the stator of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing and is located between two radial electromagnetic bearings.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the axial permanent magnet bearing includes a second annular permanent magnet and two sets of first annular permanent magnets. The second annular permanent magnet is installed in the middle of the first annular permanent magnets, the first annular permanent magnets are installed on a partition plate, and the second annular permanent magnet is installed on a thrust plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the second annular permanent magnet and the two sets of first annular permanent magnets engage without contact.

[0013] Both the first and second annular permanent magnets include multiple layers of magnetic poles, but the arrangement of the multiple layers of magnetic poles in the first and second annular permanent magnets is different.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the axial permanent magnet bearing further includes a partition plate, which is installed between adjacent magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet and the second annular permanent magnet.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the axial permanent magnet bearing further includes an anti-sucking cover, which is installed on the first annular permanent magnet and the second annular permanent magnet, and the anti-sucking cover is connected to the partition or the thrust plate respectively.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a control system for an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation as described above is provided, the control system comprising a levitation controller, a displacement sensor and a current sensor, all of which are connected to the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing, the levitation controller being used for radial position control of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This invention employs an axial permanent magnet bearing and two radial electromagnetic bearings in cooperation to achieve radial control of the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing, thereby ensuring that the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing based on the permanent magnet array suspension structure design can work at the optimal suspension gap, achieving a significant improvement in the buoyancy ratio in the axial direction.

[0019] 2. The present invention is provided with a second annular permanent magnet and two sets of first annular permanent magnets. Under the action of a load, the second annular permanent magnet moves into or away from the first annular permanent magnet, and the levitation position is controlled according to the change of magnetic poles.

[0020] 3. The first and second annular permanent magnets of the present invention have different multi-layer magnetic pole arrangements, which causes the second annular permanent magnet to be displaced under the action of load, and the magnetic force it receives is different, thereby realizing the control of the levitation position.

[0021] 4. The first and second annular permanent magnets of the present invention are provided with anti-sucking covers to prevent the first and second annular permanent magnets from being directly attracted to each other. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the radial electromagnetic bearing structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial permanent magnet bearing of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first magnetization method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second magnetization method of the present invention;

[0027] 1. Axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator; 2. Radial electromagnetic bearing; 3. Axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor; 4. Load; 5. Axial permanent magnet bearing; 6. Partition plate; 21. Radial electromagnetic bearing stator; 22. Radial electromagnetic bearing coil; 31. Shaft; 32. Thrust disc; 33. Magnetic ring; 51. First annular permanent magnet; 52. Second annular permanent magnet; S. S pole of permanent magnet; N. N pole of permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] This invention designs an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on a permanent magnet array levitation structure, and achieves radial control of the magnetic levitation bearing by setting radial electromagnetic levitation bearings at both ends of the rotating shaft. This ensures that the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on the permanent magnet array levitation structure can work at the optimal levitation gap, and achieves a significant improvement in the buoyancy ratio in the axial direction.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1-5 The present invention discloses an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation, comprising an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1, an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3, a load 4, an axial permanent magnet bearing 5, and two radial electromagnetic bearings 2. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 and the radial electromagnetic bearings 2 are both installed in the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1. The axial permanent magnet bearings 5 ​​are installed on the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 is connected to the load 4. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 passes through the radial electromagnetic bearings 2 and the axial permanent magnet bearings 5. The radial electromagnetic bearings 2 are located on both sides of the axial permanent magnet bearings 5. Axial levitation is achieved by the relative movement between multiple annular permanent magnets of the axial permanent magnet bearings 5.

[0032] In this embodiment, the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing mainly consists of an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1, an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3, a load 4, an axial permanent magnet bearing 5, and two radial electromagnetic bearings 2.

[0033] The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure. There is an annular partition 6 in the middle of the inner side of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1. A circular hole is opened at the center of the annular partition 6. The circular hole is used to pass through the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3. The annular partition 6 in the middle of the inner side of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1 is integral with the hollow cylindrical structure shell of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1.

[0034] The radial electromagnetic bearing 2 includes a radial electromagnetic bearing stator 21 and a radial electromagnetic bearing coil 22. The radial electromagnetic bearing stator 21 is connected to the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1. The radial electromagnetic bearing coil 22 is mounted on the radial electromagnetic bearing stator 21 and is spaced apart with the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 as the center.

[0035] In this embodiment, the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 is composed of a radial electromagnetic bearing stator 21 and a radial electromagnetic bearing coil 22. In this embodiment, the two radial electromagnetic bearings 2 are respectively set at the upper and lower inner ends of the cylindrical hollow structure of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1, and are used to control the radial suspension gap of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3. To ensure the connection strength, the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 can be directly welded to the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1, or it can be fixed by bolt connection.

[0036] The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31, a thrust disk 32, and a magnetic ring 33. The rotating shaft 31 passes through the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 and the axial permanent magnet bearing 5. The thrust disk 32 and the magnetic ring 33 are both mounted on the rotor 31. The magnetic ring 33 and the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 are on the same plane.

[0037] The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing also includes a partition plate 6, which is installed on the stator 1 of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing and is located between two radial electromagnetic bearings 2.

[0038] In this embodiment, the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 consists of a rotating shaft 31, a magnetic ring 33, and a thrust disk 32. The magnetic ring 33 is made of a magnetically conductive material with high magnetic permeability. It is a hollow annular structure that is fitted onto the rotating shaft 31 by welding or other means, and is on the same horizontal plane and has the same thickness as the radial electromagnetic bearing stator 22. The thrust disk 32 is the main component of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor 3 that bears the axial load. To ensure connection strength, the rotating shaft 31 and the thrust disk 32 are fixed by an integrated design or welding.

[0039] The axial permanent magnet bearing 5 includes a second annular permanent magnet 52 and two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51. The second annular permanent magnet 52 is installed in the middle of the first annular permanent magnets 51. The first annular permanent magnets 51 are installed on the partition plate 6. The second annular permanent magnet 52 is installed on the thrust plate 32.

[0040] The second annular permanent magnet 52 and the two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 engage without contact.

[0041] Both the first annular permanent magnet 51 and the second annular permanent magnet 52 include multiple magnetic poles, but the arrangement of the multiple magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet 51 and the second annular permanent magnet 52 is different.

[0042] The axial permanent magnet bearing 5 also includes a partition plate, which is installed between adjacent magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet 51 and the second annular permanent magnet 52.

[0043] The axial permanent magnet bearing 5 also includes an anti-sucking cover, which is installed on the first annular permanent magnet 51 and the second annular permanent magnet 52, and the anti-sucking cover is connected to the partition plate 6 or the thrust plate 32 respectively.

[0044] In this embodiment, the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 is designed based on a permanent magnet array suspension structure. In this embodiment, the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 includes a set of second annular permanent magnets 52 and two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51. The first annular permanent magnets 51 and the second annular permanent magnets 52 are engaged with each other without contact. The second annular permanent magnets 52 are fixed on the lower surface of the thrust disk 32, and the two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 are fixed on the upper surface of the circular partition 6 located in the middle of the inner side of the hollow cylindrical stator. The two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 are arranged at intervals with the second annular permanent magnets 52 as the partition.

[0045] Each group of second annular permanent magnets 52 and first annular permanent magnets 51 contains multiple layers of radial magnetic poles. In this embodiment, three layers are used as an example. Each layer of magnetic poles is divided into N and S polarities radially. The magnetic pole distribution of the two groups of first annular permanent magnets 51 is the same, from bottom to top as NS, SN, and NS. The magnetic pole distribution of the second annular permanent magnets 52 is from bottom to top as SN, NS, and SN. The magnetic poles are divided into first, second, and third layers from bottom to top. The magnetization directions of the radial magnetic poles of adjacent layers of each group of annular permanent magnets are opposite. Under no axial load, the radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 are magnetized in the same direction. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The image shows two radial magnetization methods for the annular permanent magnet in an axial permanent magnet bearing.

[0046] Specifically: the magnetization directions of adjacent layers of the three radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52 and the first annular permanent magnet 51 are opposite; the first annular permanent magnet 51 includes two sets of annular permanent magnets composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles, and the second annular permanent magnet 52 includes one set of annular permanent magnets composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles; the magnetization directions of the same layer of radial magnetic poles of different sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 are the same, and the magnetization directions of the three layers of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52 are the same as the magnetization directions of the radial magnetic poles in the first annular permanent magnet 51 that are directly opposite to it. That is, the first layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52 is directly opposite to the second layer of radial magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet 51, and they are magnetized in the same direction; the second layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52 is directly opposite to the third layer of radial magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet 51, and they are magnetized in the same direction; the magnetization direction of the third layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52 is opposite to the magnetization direction of the second layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnet 52.

[0047] Both the second annular permanent magnet 52 and the first annular permanent magnet 51 are composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles, and the radial magnetic poles of adjacent layers are separated by a partition plate made of epoxy resin.

[0048] A stainless steel cover is attached to the surface of the second annular permanent magnet 52 and fixed to the lower surface of the thrust plate 32; a stainless steel cover is attached to the surface of the first annular permanent magnet 51 and fixed to the upper surface of the annular partition 6 located in the middle of the inner side of the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing stator 1; the function of the stainless steel cover is to fix the second annular permanent magnet 52 and the first annular permanent magnet 51 and to prevent the second annular permanent magnet 52 and the first annular permanent magnet 51 from being directly attracted and locked.

[0049] The levitation principle of the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 is as follows:

[0050] A set of second annular permanent magnets 52 composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles is provided on the lower surface of the thrust plate 32. Two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles are provided on the upper surface of the annular partition 6 located in the middle of the inner side of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator 1. Both the second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 adopt a permanent magnet levitation array structure. The second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 are interlocked and meshed with each other, but there is a gap between them, so they do not make contact. The magnetic lines of force between the second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 pass through the second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 laterally, and interlock and mesh according to the principle of the shortest magnetic lines of force. The magnetic fields between adjacent second annular permanent magnets 52 and first annular permanent magnets 51 at the same horizontal height are opposite. When the magnetic levitation bearing is subjected to axial load and displacement occurs in the vertical direction, the second annular permanent magnets 52 and the first annular permanent magnets 51 can generate a vertical levitation force, thereby suppressing axial displacement.

[0051] In this embodiment, the process of generating the axial permanent magnet levitation force is as follows:

[0052] When the shaft 31 of the magnetic levitation bearing is subjected to a vertically downward load, the rotor 3 of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing produces a vertically downward displacement, and the second annular permanent magnet 52 fixed on the lower surface of the thrust disk 32 also produces a vertically downward displacement. At this time, a resultant force of vertically upward magnetic repulsion is generated between the first radial poles of the first ring permanent magnet 51 and the first radial poles of the second ring permanent magnet 52; a resultant force of vertically upward magnetic attraction is generated between the second radial poles of the first ring permanent magnet 51 and the first radial poles of the second ring permanent magnet 52; a resultant force of vertically upward magnetic repulsion is generated between the second radial poles of the first ring permanent magnet 51 and the second radial poles of the second ring permanent magnet 52; a resultant force of vertically upward magnetic attraction is generated between the third radial poles of the first ring permanent magnet 51 and the second radial poles of the second ring permanent magnet 52; and a resultant force of vertically upward magnetic repulsion is generated between the third radial poles of the first ring permanent magnet 51 and the third radial poles of the second ring permanent magnet 52.

[0053] Similarly, when the shaft 31 of the magnetic levitation bearing is subjected to an upward load, the rotor 3 of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing generates an upward displacement, and the second annular permanent magnet 52 fixed on the lower surface of the thrust disk 32 also generates an upward displacement. At this time, a magnetic attraction force with a vertically downward resultant force is generated between the second layer of radial magnetic poles of the two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 and the first layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnets 52; a magnetic repulsion force with a vertically downward resultant force is generated between the third layer of radial magnetic poles of the two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 and the first layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnets 52; and a magnetic attraction force with a vertically downward resultant force is generated between the third layer of radial magnetic poles of the two sets of first annular permanent magnets 51 and the second layer of radial magnetic poles of the second annular permanent magnets 52.

[0054] Therefore, the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 has bidirectional load-bearing capacity, capable of withstanding both axial pressure and axial tension.

[0055] The permanent magnets in the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 adopt a permanent magnet levitation array structure. This structure is interlocked between the second annular permanent magnet 52 and the first annular permanent magnet 51 according to the principle of the shortest magnetic field line, thereby constraining the axial displacement of the magnetic levitation bearing. It has the characteristics of high utilization rate of permanent magnets, low magnetic leakage, and strong load-bearing capacity. Compared with traditional axial permanent magnet bearings that rely on magnetic repulsion, the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 described in this paper has the advantages of high buoyancy ratio and bidirectional load-bearing capacity.

[0056] In addition, it also includes load 4. The axial permanent magnet bearing 5 based on the permanent magnet array suspension structure provided in this embodiment has the advantage of a large buoyancy ratio. At the same time, the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 can ensure that the magnetic suspension bearing has no mechanical wear. Therefore, the load 4 in this embodiment can be a magnetic suspension fan load with high speed requirements, a magnetic suspension compressor load, etc., or an aero-turbine engine load with high buoyancy ratio requirements, a flywheel energy storage load, etc.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A control system for an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation is disclosed. The control system includes a levitation controller, a displacement sensor, and a current sensor, all of which are connected to the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing. The levitation controller is used for radial position control of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing.

[0059] In this embodiment, by setting up a suspension controller, displacement sensor, and current sensor, it is to ensure that the radial electromagnetic bearing 2 can achieve radial position control of the magnetic levitation bearing, while ensuring that the axial permanent magnet bearing 5 can work in the optimal suspension position; the suspension controller is used to implement the above control process.

[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation, characterized in that, The system includes an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator (1), an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor (3), a load (4), an axial permanent magnet bearing (5), and two radial electromagnetic bearings (2). The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor (3) and the radial electromagnetic bearings (2) are both installed in the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing stator (1). The axial permanent magnet bearing (5) is installed on the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor (3). The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor (3) is connected to the load (4). The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing rotor (3) passes through the radial electromagnetic bearings (2) and the axial permanent magnet bearings (5). The radial electromagnetic bearings (2) are located on both sides of the axial permanent magnet bearings (5). Axial levitation is achieved by the relative movement between multiple annular permanent magnets of the axial permanent magnet bearings (5). The radial electromagnetic bearing (2) includes a radial electromagnetic bearing stator (21) and a radial electromagnetic bearing coil (22). The radial electromagnetic bearing stator (21) is connected to the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing stator (1). The radial electromagnetic bearing coil (22) is mounted on the radial electromagnetic bearing stator (21) and the radial electromagnetic bearing coil (22) is spaced apart with the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotor (3) as the center. The axial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotor (3) includes a rotating shaft (31), a thrust disk (32) and a magnetic ring (33). The rotating shaft (31) passes through the radial electromagnetic bearing (2) and the axial permanent magnet bearing (5). The thrust disk (32) and the magnetic ring (33) are both mounted on the rotating shaft (31). The magnetic ring (33) and the radial electromagnetic bearing (2) are on the same plane. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing also includes a partition (6), which is installed on the stator (1) of the axial permanent magnet levitation bearing and is located between two radial electromagnetic bearings (2). The axial permanent magnet bearing (5) includes a second annular permanent magnet (52) and two sets of first annular permanent magnets (51). The second annular permanent magnet (52) is installed in the middle of the first annular permanent magnets (51). The first annular permanent magnets (51) are installed on the partition plate (6). The second annular permanent magnet (52) is installed on the thrust plate (32). Both the first annular permanent magnet (51) and the second annular permanent magnet (52) include multiple layers of magnetic poles. The arrangement of the multiple layers of magnetic poles of the first annular permanent magnet (51) and the second annular permanent magnet (52) is different. Both the second annular permanent magnet (52) and the first annular permanent magnet (51) are composed of three layers of radial magnetic poles, and the radial magnetic poles of adjacent layers are separated by a partition plate.

2. The axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is no contact engagement between the second annular permanent magnet (52) and the two sets of first annular permanent magnets (51).

3. An axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial permanent magnet bearing (5) also includes an anti-sucking cover, which is installed on the first annular permanent magnet (51) and the second annular permanent magnet (52), and the anti-sucking cover is connected to the partition (6) or the thrust plate (32) respectively.

4. A control system for an axial permanent magnet levitation bearing based on electromagnetic levitation as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The control system includes a suspension controller, a displacement sensor, and a current sensor. The suspension controller, displacement sensor, and current sensor are all connected to the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing. The suspension controller is used for radial position control of the axial permanent magnet suspension bearing.

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