A fiber grating monitoring mechanism for ground settlement

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of optical fiber grating monitoring mechanism for ground subsidence, belong to optical fiber grating monitoring technical field, the application includes shell and the optical fiber press joint end located left and right ends, the shell and optical fiber press joint end are crossed optical fiber wire harness, the inside of the shell is equipped with optical fiber grating sensor, the end of the shell is equipped with movable cover, and movable cover is connected with the end of shell by first metal spring, the side of the optical fiber wire harness is provided with wire pressing column, and the upper end of wire pressing column is installed on support plate, the support plate is fixedly installed on the side of driving part, and wire pressing column is connected with support plate by second metal spring.The optical fiber grating monitoring mechanism for ground subsidence is pulled by setting buffer structure, when optical fiber is pulled by external force, the elastic deformation of buffer structure can offset part of tension, and when being bitten by mouse and other species, mouse can be driven.

Description

A fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic grating monitoring technology, specifically to a fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber optic grating monitoring is mainly used in the construction and operation and maintenance of natural gas pipelines to monitor the safety status of pipelines in real time and accurately, and to prevent risks such as leakage and deformation. The fiber optic grating sensor can detect the tiny deformation of the pipeline caused by external forces (such as geological subsidence, construction vibration, etc.). The change in the wavelength of reflected light can be accurate to the micrometer level, so as to detect abnormal pipeline stress in time and avoid structural damage.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent with announcement number CN222258138U, titled "A Fiber Optic Grating Sensor with Heat Insulation Function," and announcement date of 2024-12-27, includes an armored optical cable, an outer shell, and an elastic element. The exposed end portion of the armored optical cable is engraved with a grating. The grating and a portion of the elastic element are fixed together by the inner shell. The inner shell is protected by multiple layers of heat insulation, including an aerogel felt layer, a ceramicized silicone rubber layer, and a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, to prevent external high temperatures from being transmitted to the grating, thereby avoiding the influence of high temperatures on the grating. The other end of the elastic element passes through the inner shell and the heat insulation component, and the other end of the elastic element bears the force. The stress of the elastic element acts on the grating, and the grating receives the stress change, causing its wavelength to shift.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies have the following technical problems: When conducting geological settlement monitoring, fiber optic grating sensors are usually required to be buried underground to ensure that the sensors deform synchronously with the soil / rock strata, thereby accurately reflecting the stress state of the pipeline and the surrounding geological changes. However, when the sensors are buried underground, they do not have corresponding protective structures. When the sensors are gnawed by external species such as rats, they are easily damaged. At the same time, when the optical fibers on the fiber optic grating sensors are stretched, it is not easy to counteract the tension. When subjected to large tension, the optical fibers are prone to loosening, which in turn affects the final monitoring.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence, addressing the aforementioned issues raised in the background section. Currently, fiber optic grating sensors on the market are typically buried underground for geological subsidence monitoring to ensure synchronous deformation with the soil / rock strata, thus accurately reflecting the stress state of the pipeline and surrounding geological changes. However, when buried, the sensors lack adequate protective structures, making them highly susceptible to damage from external pests like rodents. Furthermore, the fiber optic cables on the grating sensor are difficult to stretch, making it difficult to counteract the tension. Under significant tension, the cables can loosen, affecting the final monitoring results.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence, comprising an outer shell and fiber optic crimping ends located at the left and right ends, fiber optic bundles passing through the outer shell and the fiber optic crimping ends, a fiber optic grating sensor installed inside the outer shell, a movable cover installed at the end of the outer shell, and the movable cover being connected to the end of the outer shell via a first metal spring, a pressure post provided on the side of the fiber optic bundle, and the upper end of the pressure post being mounted through a support plate, the support plate being fixedly mounted on the side of a driving component, and the pressure post being connected to the support plate via a second metal spring, a contact push rod provided on the side of the pressure post, and the contact push rod being connected to the driving component, the pressure post providing resistance through the contact push rod and the movement of the driving component after movement, thereby counteracting the tension on the fiber optic bundle.

[0008] Preferably, the first metal spring is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the movable cover, and the movable cover can slide at the end of the outer shell.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the optical fiber bundle is pulled by an external force, the movable cover can slide on the side of the outer shell, thereby causing the first metal spring to deform.

[0010] Preferably, the crimping end of the crimping post and the fiber optic bundle is provided with rollers, and the crimping post and the support plate are slidably connected.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the optical fiber bundle is stretched by tension, it can squeeze the pressure post, causing the pressure post to move along the top of the support plate, thereby causing the second metal spring to deform.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the abutment push rod near the pressure post is configured as a spherical structure, and the spherical end of the abutment push rod is in contact with the upper inclined surface of the pressure post in the initial state.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressure post moves upward, the inclined side can be used to squeeze the spherical end of the push rod, causing it to move against the push rod.

[0014] Preferably, the driving component includes a protective cylinder fixed to the outside of the outer shell, and an elastic metal collar is provided in the middle of the protective cylinder. An adjusting bag is connected between the elastic metal collar and the outer shell, and the side of the adjusting bag is connected to a diverting ring through a conveying rubber conduit. The diverting ring is fixedly connected to a push rod. A connecting block extending out of the protective cylinder is connected to the edge of the diverting ring, and an air outlet is installed on the side of the connecting block facing the center of the protective cylinder. A squeezing crossbar is fixed on the side of the diverting ring facing the adjusting bag.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the regulating bag is squeezed by external force, the airflow inside the regulating bag can enter the interior of the diversion ring through the delivery rubber conduit.

[0016] Preferably, the longitudinal sections of both the adjusting pouch and the elastic metal collar are set as annular structures, and the inner ring wall of the elastic metal collar and the outer ring wall of the adjusting pouch fit together.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the elastic metal collar is deformed by external biting, the biting force can be transmitted to the regulating sac.

[0018] Preferably, the inside of the diversion ring is a hollow structure, and the inside of the diversion ring is filled with particles that emit odors to repel biting animals, and the inside of the diversion ring and the connecting block are interconnected.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when airflow enters the interior of the diversion ring, the airflow can carry the odor of the particles into the interior of the connecting block.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting block and the air outlet are in one-to-one correspondence and are interconnected, and a generating chamber is provided on the inner side of the outlet end of the air outlet.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the airflow is discharged outward through the air outlet, the airflow generating chamber can produce a sound, which will frighten the biting animal.

[0022] Preferably, multiple compression crossbars are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the diversion ring, and each compression crossbar is in contact with the adjusting bag. Furthermore, the side of the diversion ring away from the adjusting bag is in contact with the protective cylinder in the initial state.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the diversion ring is subjected to external thrust, the squeezing crossbar can move and squeeze the regulating bag.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence, by setting a tension buffer structure, when the optical fiber is pulled by external force, the elastic deformation of the buffer structure can offset part of the tension, and at the same time, when it is bitten by species such as rats, it can drive away rats.

[0025] 1. It is equipped with a pressure post. When the optical fiber bundle is pulled by an external force, the optical fiber bundle gradually straightens. The straightened optical fiber bundle can push the pressure post upward. After the pressure post moves on the support plate, the elastic deformation of the second metal spring can offset part of the tension on the optical fiber bundle, preventing the excessive tension from causing the optical fiber bundle to break or loosen.

[0026] 2. It is equipped with an adjustment bag. When an animal bites the elastic metal collar, the elastic metal collar deforms and can transfer the biting force to the adjustment bag. The adjustment bag is compressed, which forces the internal airflow through the delivery rubber tube into the interior of the diversion ring. After passing through the diversion ring, the airflow can carry the odor of the particulate matter and spray it out through the connecting block and the air outlet. The emitted odor can drive away the biting animal. At the same time, the air outlet is equipped with a generating chamber. When the airflow is discharged from the air outlet, it makes a sound after passing through the generating chamber, which can further frighten the biting animal.

[0027] 3. A compression bar is provided. When the pressure post moves upward, it can use the inclined surface to compress the push rod. After the push rod is compressed, it can push the shunt ring to move towards the adjustment bag. The movement of the shunt ring can use the compression bar to compress the adjustment bag. The resistance of the compression bar when compressing the adjustment bag can further offset the tension on the fiber optic bundle. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 is a frontal perspective view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber bundle and pressure post structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of point A in Figure 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in Figure 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the protective cylinder and elastic metal collar structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connecting block and the air outlet structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the movable cover and the first metal spring sheet structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the conveying rubber conduit and diversion ring structure of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Fiber optic crimping end; 3. Fiber optic cable bundle; 4. Movable cover; 5. First metal spring; 6. Wire clamping post; 7. Support plate; 8. Second metal spring; 9. Abutment push rod; 10. Driving component; 101. Protective cylinder; 102. Elastic metal collar; 103. Adjusting bag; 104. Delivery rubber conduit; 105. Diverter ring; 106. Connecting block; 107. Air outlet; 108. Extrusion crossbar. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Referring to Figures 1-9, when monitoring geological settlement, fiber optic grating sensors are typically buried underground to ensure synchronous deformation with the soil / rock strata, thereby accurately reflecting the stress state of the pipeline and surrounding geological changes. However, when buried underground, the sensors lack corresponding protective structures, making them highly susceptible to damage from external pests such as rodents. Furthermore, the fiber optic cables on the sensor are difficult to counteract tension under stress, easily leading to loosening and affecting the final monitoring results. To address this technical problem, this example discloses the following technical content: a fiber optic grating sensor for monitoring surface settlement. The fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism includes a housing 1 and fiber optic crimping ends 2 located at the left and right ends. Fiber optic bundles 3 pass through the housing 1 and the fiber optic crimping ends 2. A fiber optic grating sensor is installed inside the housing 1. A movable cover 4 is installed at the end of the housing 1, and the movable cover 4 is connected to the end of the housing 1 via a first metal spring 5. A wire clamping post 6 is provided on the side of the fiber optic bundle 3, and the upper end of the wire clamping post 6 is mounted through a support plate 7. The support plate 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the driving component 10, and the wire clamping post 6 is connected to the support plate 7 via a second metal spring 8. An abutment push rod 9 is provided on the side of the wire clamping post 6, and the abutment push rod 9 is connected to the driving component 10. After the wire clamping post 6 moves, it provides resistance through the movement of the abutment push rod 9 and the driving component 10. The force is used to counteract the tension on the fiber optic bundle 3. The first metal spring 5 is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the movable cover 4, and the movable cover 4 can slide at the end of the outer shell 1. The crimping end of the crimping post 6 and the fiber optic bundle 3 is provided with a roller, and the crimping post 6 and the support plate 7 are slidably connected. The end of the abutment push rod 9 near the crimping post 6 is set as a spherical structure, and the spherical end of the abutment push rod 9 is in contact with the upper inclined surface of the crimping post 6 in the initial state. The driving component 10 includes a protective cylinder 101 fixed to the outside of the outer shell 1, and an elastic metal collar 102 is provided in the middle of the protective cylinder 101. An adjustment bag 103 is connected between the elastic metal collar 102 and the outer shell 1, and the side of the adjustment bag 103 is connected to the delivery rubber conduit 104. The diversion ring 105 is interconnected with the flow divider ring 106, which is fixedly connected to the push rod 9. A connecting block 106 extending from the protective cylinder 101 is connected to the edge of the diversion ring 105, and an air outlet 107 is installed on the side of the connecting block 106 facing the center of the protective cylinder 101. A compression crossbar 108 is fixed on the side of the diversion ring 105 facing the regulating bag 103. The longitudinal sections of both the regulating bag 103 and the elastic metal collar 102 are annular structures, and the inner ring wall of the elastic metal collar 102 and the outer ring wall of the regulating bag 103 are in close contact. The interior of the diversion ring 105 is hollow and filled with odor-emitting particles to repel biting animals. The interiors of the diversion ring 105 and the connecting block 106 are interconnected.Multiple compression crossbars 108 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the diversion ring 105, and each compression crossbar 108 is in contact with the adjusting bag 103. Furthermore, the side of the diversion ring 105 away from the adjusting bag 103 is initially in contact with the protective cylinder 101.

[0040] During natural gas pipeline construction, geological subsidence is monitored using fiber optic grating sensors inside the outer casing 1. During operation, when the fiber optic bundle 3 is pulled by an external force, the movable cover 4 moves. This movement causes the first metal spring 5 to deform, which partially offsets the tension. Simultaneously, the fiber optic bundle 3 straightens under pressure, pushing the pressure post 6. The pressure post 6 then moves along the top of the support plate 7, compressing the second metal spring 8. This deformation further offsets the tension. Simultaneously, the upward movement of the pressure post 6 presses the spherical end of the contact push rod 9 via its inclined edge. This pressure causes the diversion ring 105 to move towards the regulating bag 103. The diversion ring 105 then presses the regulating bag 103 via the compression bar 108. The compression of the regulating bag 103 further contributes to the overall structural integrity and stability. The variable resistance can again counteract the pulling force on the fiber optic bundle 3, thereby minimizing the impact of the pulling force on the fiber optic bundle 3. When an animal bites the elastic metal collar 102, the elastic metal collar 102 undergoes a concave deformation. After the elastic metal collar 102 deforms, the regulating bag 103 undergoes a compression deformation. After the regulating bag 103 is compressed, the airflow inside enters the interior of the diverting ring 105 through the delivery rubber conduit 104. Since the interior of the diverting ring 105 is filled with particulate matter, when the airflow passes through the interior of the diverting ring 105, it can carry some odor into the connecting block 106. The airflow inside the connecting block 106 is finally sprayed out through the side air outlet 107. The airflow with the odor that drives away biting animals is sprayed out through the air outlet 107, thereby driving away the animals and preventing the animals from continuously biting the monitoring mechanism and damaging the internal sensors. In addition, the elastic metal collar 102 itself is elastic, and when there are no animals biting it, it can rebound and reset itself through its own elasticity.

[0041] Example 2: The technical content disclosed in this example is a further improvement on the basis of Example 1 above. The following technical content is disclosed in this example. As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 7, the connecting block 106 and the air outlet 107 correspond one-to-one and are interconnected. The connecting block 106 and the air outlet 107 are provided with a generating chamber on the inner side of the outlet end of the air outlet 107.

[0042] When the airflow inside the diversion ring 105 passes through the connecting block 106 and is discharged outward through the air outlet 107 on the side of the connecting block 106, the airflow makes a sound after passing through the air outlet 107 because the air outlet 107 has a generating chamber. The sound can further frighten the biting animals. It should be noted that the generating chamber disclosed in this embodiment is similar to the sound principle of whistling in the prior art.

[0043] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber Bragg grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence, comprising a housing (1) and fiber optic crimp terminals (2) located at the left and right ends, wherein fiber optic bundles (3) pass through the housing (1) and the fiber optic crimp terminals (2), and a fiber Bragg grating sensor is installed inside the housing (1), characterized in that: The end of the outer shell (1) is equipped with a movable cover (4), and the movable cover (4) is connected to the end of the outer shell (1) through a first metal spring (5). The side of the fiber optic bundle (3) is provided with a pressure post (6), and the upper end of the pressure post (6) is installed through the support plate (7). The support plate (7) is fixedly installed on the side of the driving component (10), and the pressure post (6) is connected to the support plate (7) through a second metal spring (8). The side of the pressure post (6) is provided with an abutment push rod (9), and the abutment push rod (9) is connected to the driving component (10). After the pressure post (6) moves, it provides resistance through the movement of the abutment push rod (9) and the driving component (10), thereby offsetting the tension on the fiber optic bundle (3); the driving component ( 10) Includes a protective cylinder (101) fixed to the outside of the outer shell (1), and an elastic metal collar (102) is provided in the middle of the protective cylinder (101). An adjusting bag (103) is connected between the elastic metal collar (102) and the outer shell (1). The side of the adjusting bag (103) is connected to the other side through a conveying rubber conduit (104) and a diverting ring (105). The diverting ring (105) is fixedly connected to the abutting push rod (9). The edge of the diverting ring (105) is connected to a connecting block (106) that extends out of the protective cylinder (101). An air outlet (107) is installed on the side of the connecting block (106) facing the center of the protective cylinder (101). A squeezing crossbar (108) is fixed on the side of the diverting ring (105) facing the adjusting bag (103).

2. The fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal spring (5) is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the movable cover (4), and the movable cover (4) can slide at the end of the outer shell (1).

3. The fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crimping end of the crimping post (6) and the fiber optic bundle (3) is provided with rollers, and the crimping post (6) and the support plate (7) are slidably connected.

4. The fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the abutting push rod (9) near the pressure post (6) is set as a spherical structure, and the spherical end of the abutting push rod (9) and the upper inclined surface of the pressure post (6) are in contact with each other in the initial state.

5. A fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal sections of the regulating bag (103) and the elastic metal collar (102) are both set as annular structures, and the inner ring wall of the elastic metal collar (102) and the outer ring wall of the regulating bag (103) are in close contact with each other.

6. A fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the diversion ring (105) is hollow, and the interior of the diversion ring (105) is filled with particles that emit odors to repel biting animals. The interiors of the diversion ring (105) and the connecting block (106) are interconnected.

7. A fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting block (106) and the air outlet (107) correspond one-to-one, and the connecting block (106) and the air outlet (107) are interconnected. Furthermore, a generating chamber is provided on the inner side of the outlet end of the air outlet (107).

8. A fiber optic grating monitoring mechanism for land subsidence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion crossbars (108) are evenly distributed in multiples in the circumferential direction of the diversion ring (105), and each extrusion crossbar (108) is in contact with the regulating bag (103). Furthermore, the side of the diversion ring (105) away from the regulating bag (103) is in contact with the protective cylinder (101) in the initial state.

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