Real-time monitoring system for river ecological release

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of river discharge monitoring, in particular to a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge. The system comprises a river flow acquisition module, which acquires the river flow at each moment at a fixed position of a river, and forms a river flow sequence by taking the river flow in a preset time period before the current moment; a river flow trend extraction module, which divides the river flow sequence, determines the runoff mutation degree of each subsequence, obtains each data isopotential sequence, determines the runoff heterostatic degree of each data isopotential sequence, and constructs the river time difference of the river flow; and a river ecological discharge regulation module, which determines the correction proportion of the river flow at the current moment, corrects the river flow at the current moment by using the smoothed river flow sequence and the correction proportion, and determines the ecological discharge regulation amount of the river at the current moment. The application improves the regulation adaptability of the river ecological discharge amount.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river discharge monitoring, in particular to a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge. BACKGROUND

[0002] River ecological discharge refers to the release of a certain amount of water flow into a river or water body through human control of the water flow of the river to maintain or restore the health and stability of the ecological environment. Ecological discharge needs to be accurately regulated according to seasonal changes, ecological needs of the river basin, and climate conditions and other factors. At present, the river ecological discharge is too mechanical in operation, lacks real-time ecological monitoring and dynamic adjustment, resulting in a mismatch between water flow and actual ecological needs, affecting the effect of ecological restoration.

[0003] Moreover, the measurement of river flow is usually calculated by combining water level and flow rate, but the actual river flow state is relatively complex. If the adaptability of river flow calculation to a specific area is not strong, it is easy to cause errors in the measurement of river flow, further interfere with the determination of discharge amount, and cause the discharge amount to fail to achieve the expected effect, affecting the realization of ecological restoration goals. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] The present application provides a real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge, which comprises:

[0006] A river flow acquisition module acquires the river flow at each time at a fixed position of the river, and forms a river flow sequence of the river flow in a preset time period before the current time.

[0007] A river flow trend extraction module divides the river flow sequence, determines the runoff abruptness of each sub-sequence based on the difference in change trend between each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence, and merges the sub-sequences according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff abruptness of all sub-sequences to obtain each data homopotent sequence.

[0008] The runoff heteropotent degree of each data homopotent sequence is determined by the numerical difference between each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence, and the data homopotent sequences are merged based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff heteropotent degree of all data homopotent sequences to obtain each homomorphic change sequence.

[0009] The numerical difference and the number difference between the last homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period and the remaining homomorphic change sequences are analyzed to obtain the river temporal difference of the river flow.

[0010] The river ecological discharge regulation module determines a correction proportion of the current time river flow based on the river time difference; and corrects the current time river flow by using the river flow sequence after data smoothing and the correction proportion.

[0011] The river ecological discharge regulation module determines the ecological discharge regulation amount of the current time river by using the difference between the current time corrected river flow and the target river flow.

[0012] In one embodiment, the determination of the runoff mutation degree comprises:

[0013] The linear fitting is performed on each sub-sequence to obtain the slope of the fitting straight line of each sub-sequence, the accumulative sum of all elements in each sub-sequence is calculated, and the runoff mutation degree is determined based on the difference between the slopes of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence and the difference between the accumulative sums.

[0014] In one embodiment, the difference between the slopes of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence is denoted as a first difference, the difference between the accumulative sums of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence is denoted as a second difference, and the runoff mutation degree is positively correlated with the first difference and the second difference.

[0015] In one embodiment, the obtaining process of the data equipotential sequence comprises:

[0016] The runoff mutation degrees of all sub-sequences are combined to form a runoff mutation sequence, all maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence are obtained, the runoff mutation sequence is segmented based on the positions of the maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence to determine each data equipotential sequence.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees between adjacent two maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence are combined to obtain the data equipotential sequence, wherein the data equipotential sequence does not include the sub-sequences corresponding to the maximum values.

[0018] For the first maximum value and the last maximum value in the runoff mutation sequence, the sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees before the first maximum value are combined, and the sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees after the last maximum value are combined.

[0019] In one embodiment, the determination of the runoff heteropotent degree comprises:

[0020] The data equipotential sequences and their adjacent data equipotential sequences are supplemented, the metric distance between the supplemented data equipotential sequences and their adjacent data equipotential sequences is calculated, the difference between the elements at the same positions in the supplemented data equipotential sequences and their adjacent data equipotential sequences is calculated to form a difference value sequence.

[0021] Determine the absolute value of the difference between the number of positive values and the number of negative values in the difference sequence; fuse the absolute value of the difference and the metric distance to obtain the runoff anisotropy degree of each data homopotent sequence.

[0022] In one embodiment, the determination of the homomorphic change sequence includes:

[0023] The runoff anisotropy degrees of all data homopotent sequences form a runoff anisotropy sequence, the maximum values in the runoff anisotropy sequence are obtained, and the data homopotent sequences corresponding to the runoff anisotropy degrees between each maximum value and the previous maximum value are merged to obtain the homomorphic change sequence, wherein the homomorphic change sequence includes the data homopotent sequence corresponding to the previous maximum value and does not include the data homopotent sequence corresponding to each maximum value.

[0024] For the first maximum value in the runoff anisotropy sequence, the data homopotent sequences corresponding to the runoff anisotropy degrees before the first maximum value are merged, and for the last maximum value in the runoff anisotropy sequence, the data homopotent sequences corresponding to the runoff anisotropy degrees after the last maximum value are merged.

[0025] In one embodiment, the determination of the river temporal difference includes:

[0026] Calculate the mean value of all elements in the tail homomorphic change sequence, denoted as the first mean value, and calculate the mean value of all elements in the remaining homomorphic change sequence, denoted as the second mean value; determine the absolute value of the difference between the first mean value and the second mean value, denoted as the first difference absolute value.

[0027] Calculate the sum value of the number of elements in all homomorphic change sequences in the preset time period, and determine the proportion of the difference between the number of elements in the tail homomorphic change sequence and the sum value in the sum value.

[0028] The river temporal difference is the product of the first difference absolute value and the proportion.

[0029] In one embodiment, the corrected proportion is the product of the normalized value of the river temporal difference and a preset maximum corrected proportion.

[0030] In one embodiment, the correction of the current time river flow in combination with the corrected proportion is expressed as:

[0031] ; In the formula, is the corrected river flow at the current time, is the river flow at the current time, is the last element value in the data smoothed river flow sequence, is the corrected proportion of the current time river flow.

[0032] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The application divides the river flow sequence by the river flow trend extraction module, determines the runoff mutation degree of each sub-sequence based on the difference in change trend between each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence after division, improves the mutation response sensitivity of river flow, accurately captures short-time river flow anomalies, and avoids missing sudden hydrological events; according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff mutation degrees of all sub-sequences, the sub-sequences are merged to obtain each data homopotent sequence; redundant calculation is reduced, and the data processing speed is improved; the runoff heteropotent degree of each data homopotent sequence is determined through the numerical difference between each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence; the determination of the runoff heteropotent degree strengthens the trend consistency identification, effectively distinguishes the natural fluctuation of water flow from abnormal interference, identifies the change characteristics of river flow in different time periods, and improves the monitoring accuracy of river flow; the data homopotent sequences are merged to obtain each homomorphic change sequence; the river time difference of river flow is obtained by analyzing the numerical difference and the number difference between the end homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period and the rest homomorphic change sequences; the determination of the river time difference quantifies the degree of deviation of the current river flow state from the historical normal state, improves the sensitivity and reliability of river flow error monitoring; further, a river ecological discharge regulation module is constructed, the correction proportion of the current time river flow is determined based on the river time difference; the correction scientificity of river flow is improved, and the correction process takes into account short-term mutation and long-term trend; the current time river flow is corrected by using the smoothed river flow sequence combined with the correction proportion; which helps to suppress noise interference, improves the correction accuracy of river flow, enhances the regulation adaptability of river ecological discharge, and ensures the health and sustainability of river ecological system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application or prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 The block diagram of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological discharge provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 The implementation block diagram of the river flow trend extraction module;

[0037] Figure 3 The implementation block diagram of the river ecological discharge regulation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to further clarify the technical means and effects taken by the present application to achieve the predetermined object of the application, the specific embodiments, structure, features and effects of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological release according to the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0040] The specific scheme of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological release provided by the present application is described below in combination with the drawings.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows the block diagram of the real-time monitoring system for river ecological release provided by one embodiment of the present application, which includes a river flow acquisition module 101, a river flow trend extraction module 102, and a river ecological release adjustment module 103.

[0042] The river flow acquisition module 101 acquires the river flow at each time at a fixed position of the river, and forms a river flow sequence of the river flow in a preset time period before the current time.

[0043] First, ultrasonic transducers are installed on both banks of the river channel, and the ultrasonic transducers on both banks are mutually transmitters and receivers. The included angle between the straight line formed by the connection of the two ultrasonic transducers and the flow direction of the river is , The value range of In this embodiment, During the river flow measurement process, the ultrasonic transducer on one bank of the river channel transmits ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic transducer on the other bank receives the ultrasonic waves. Then, the transmission and reception of the two ultrasonic transducers are interchanged, and the average flow velocity of the river is calculated according to the time difference detected by the forward and reverse flow transmission. The working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is 1MHz in this embodiment. The process of calculating the average flow velocity of the river by the time difference is a known technology, and the specific calculation process is not described here. The working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer can be set by the implementer according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0044] Secondly, the ultrasonic depth finder is used to emit ultrasonic signals to the water and receive the signals reflected from the river bottom vertically above the river level, and the water depth of the river is calculated according to the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves in the water and the round trip time. By measuring multiple times at different positions vertically above the river, the river cross-sectional curve is obtained, and the river cross-sectional area is obtained by integrating the river cross-sectional curve. The river flow is obtained by multiplying the river cross-sectional area by the average flow velocity of the river. The calculation of the river flow is a known technology, and the specific process will not be described here.

[0045] In this embodiment, the river flow data is collected every 5 seconds, and the river flow in a preset time period before the current time is arranged in chronological order to form a river flow sequence. In this embodiment, the preset time period is 1 hour, and the collector can set the river flow collection time interval and the length of the preset time period according to the actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0046] The river flow trend extraction module 102 (1) divides the river flow sequence, determines the runoff mutation degree of each subsequence based on the difference in change trend between each subsequence and its adjacent subsequence after division, and combines the subsequences according to the extreme value distribution of the runoff mutation degrees of all subsequences to obtain each data potential sequence.

[0047] When the river is affected by rainfall and agricultural irrigation, the river flow will increase or decrease. In the initial stage of river flow change, the increase and decrease of river flow is a sudden result, which leads to a significant difference between the river flow before and after the change, and the data similarity decreases. Therefore, when the river flow sequence data has a large sudden change, it indicates that the water quantity in the river may suddenly increase or decrease, for example, the sudden increase of rainfall intensity causes the increase of river flow, and the increase of agricultural irrigation intensity causes the decrease of river flow.

[0048] Therefore, in this embodiment, the river flow sequence is evenly divided into N subsequences, denoted as river flow subsequences, and N is 60 in this embodiment, which is used to represent the change of river flow in a short time. Each river flow subsequence is taken as the input of the least square method to perform linear fitting, and the output is a fitting straight line. The slope of the fitting straight line is used to represent the change trend of the river flow in a short time. The least square method fitting straight line is a known technology, and the specific process will not be described here. Therefore, the runoff mutation degree of each subsequence is calculated, and the specific expression is:

[0049] ; In the formula, is the runoff mutation degree of the i-th subsequence, is the slope of the fitting straight line of the i-th subsequence, is the slope of the fitting straight line of the i-1-th subsequence, is the cumulative sum of all elements of the i-th sub-sequence, is the cumulative sum of all elements of the i-1-th sub-sequence. The first difference is denoted as is the second difference.

[0050] It should be noted that the difference represents the degree of difference between two variables, which can be calculated by the absolute value of the difference, the square of the difference, the ratio, etc. The present embodiment does not limit this.

[0051] When the river water volume encounters a sudden situation, such as heavy rain or a sharp change in irrigation water, the river flow will change significantly. The greater the intensity of the sudden situation, the more dramatic the change in river flow. In this case, the trend and total amount of river flow before and after the sudden situation will change more strongly, which increases the difference in the trend of river flow change and significantly increases the difference in the total amount of flow, thereby significantly increasing the runoff mutation degree of the sub-sequence. By monitoring the runoff mutation degree of the sub-sequence, abnormal changes in river flow can be effectively captured, providing an important basis for flood warning and water resource management.

[0052] The runoff mutation degrees of all sub-sequences of the river flow sequence are arranged in chronological order to obtain a runoff mutation sequence. The greater the runoff mutation degree of the river flow sub-sequence, the greater the change in the water environment around the river, such as rainfall, irrigation water, which causes sudden changes in river flow. At the same time, it may also be because the speed of ultrasonic wave propagation in the river is affected by aquatic animals and floating debris in the water, which affects the measurement of river flow, but in this case, the influence of measurement error is an accidental situation, so the change in river flow is a sudden instantaneous change.

[0053] The time length of the river flow change caused by the above two cases is different. The time caused by rainfall and irrigation water is longer, and the time caused by measurement error of aquatic animals and floating debris in the water is shorter. Therefore, the present embodiment takes the runoff mutation sequence as the input of the maximum value detection algorithm, and the output is all the maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence and the coordinates of the maximum values. The maximum value detection algorithm is a known technology, and the specific process is not described again.

[0054] ​The coordinates of all maxima in the runoff mutation sequence are arranged in ascending order to form a segmentation sequence. This segmentation sequence is then used to segment the river flow sequence. The segmentation method is as follows: for example, if the segmentation sequence is {5,26,35}, the subsequences corresponding to the first four runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; the subsequences corresponding to the 6th to 25th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; the subsequences corresponding to the 27th to 34th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence; and the subsequences corresponding to the 36th to 60th runoff mutation degrees are merged into one sequence. Since the maxima in the runoff mutation sequence may be anomalous data, the subsequences at those locations are not included in the segmentation. The merged sequence is denoted as the data homogeneous sequence. This provides multiple data homogeneous sequences, effectively removing the influence of anomalous data caused by aquatic animals and floating debris on the monitoring results.

[0055] (2) Determine the runoff anisotropy of each data homomorphic sequence by the numerical difference between each data homomorphic sequence and its neighboring data homomorphic sequences; merge the data homomorphic sequences based on the extreme value distribution of the runoff anisotropy of all data homomorphic sequences to obtain each homomorphic change sequence.

[0056] When the differences between adjacent data sequences of similar potential are small, it indicates that the runoff anomaly caused by the corresponding subsequences between the two data sequences of similar potential is due to measurement errors caused by aquatic animals or floating debris in the water. Conversely, it indicates that the changes in river flow are caused by rainfall or irrigation water use. Therefore, this embodiment calculates the runoff anomaly of each data sequence of similar potential, with the specific expression as follows:

[0057] In the formula, Let represent the runoff anisotropy of the j-th data sequence. First, the j-th data sequence and the (j-1)-th data sequence are padded using polynomial interpolation to ensure that the lengths of the j-th data sequence and the (j-1)-th data sequence are equal. This represents the distance between the j-th and (j-1)-th data sequences that are homogeneous after completion. The alternation coefficient represents the alternation coefficient between the j-th and (j-1)-th data sequences with the same potential. The alternation coefficient is calculated by calculating the difference between each element in the completed j-th data sequence and the element at the same position in the (j-1)-th data sequence, obtaining a difference sequence. The absolute value of the difference between the number of positive and negative values ​​in the difference sequence is determined as the alternation coefficient, used to characterize the variation in river flow. In this embodiment, the distance measurement is calculated using Euclidean distance; implementers can choose other existing feasible distance measurement calculation methods. Polynomial interpolation is a known technique; implementers can choose other existing feasible interpolation methods.

[0058] It should be understood that when the river flow is affected by external factors at different time periods, for example, changes in rainfall patterns or adjustments in agricultural irrigation activities, the trend and total amount of its flow change will differ significantly. The greater the influence, the more obvious the difference in flow change, that is, the difference in trend between the data homotopy sequence and the previous data homotopy sequence, that is, the alternation coefficient will also increase, so that the runoff heterotopy degree is significantly improved. By calculating the runoff heterotopy degree, the change characteristics of the river flow at different time periods can be effectively identified, which is helpful for the rational allocation of water resources and the protection of river ecosystems.

[0059] For the runoff heterotopy degree calculated above, arrange it according to the order of the data homotopy sequence before and after to obtain the runoff heterotopy sequence. When a maximum value point appears in the runoff heterotopy sequence, it indicates that the river flow has changed due to reasons such as rainfall or agricultural irrigation during the monitoring period. Therefore, the runoff heterotopy sequence is taken as the input of the maximum value algorithm, and the output is the maximum value and the position of the maximum value. The position of the maximum value is used to merge the data homotopy sequences, for example, the maximum value position in the runoff heterotopy sequence is {3, 6, 8}, the length of the runoff heterotopy sequence is n, the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the first runoff heterotopy degree to the second runoff heterotopy degree is merged; the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the third runoff heterotopy degree to the fifth runoff heterotopy degree is merged; the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the sixth runoff heterotopy degree to the seventh runoff heterotopy degree is merged; the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the eighth runoff heterotopy degree to the n-th runoff heterotopy degree is merged. Since the runoff heterotopy degree is calculated between the data homotopy sequence and the previous data homotopy sequence, when a mutation occurs, the previous data homotopy sequence is the data corresponding to the early stage of the mutation. Therefore, when merging, the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the maximum value needs to be taken as the first merging item, and the data homotopy sequence corresponding to the next maximum value is not included. The sequence obtained after merging the data homotopy sequences is called the homotopy change sequence.

[0060] (3) Analyze the numerical difference and quantity difference between the last homotopy change sequence in the preset time period and the rest of the homotopy change sequences to obtain the river temporal difference of the river flow.

[0061] When the difference between the last homotopy change sequence in the preset time period and the previous homotopy change sequence is large, it indicates that the current river state is significantly different from the previous river state. Therefore, the river temporal difference of the current river flow is calculated in this embodiment, and the specific calculation method is as follows:

[0062] ; In the formula, represents the river temporal difference of the current river flow, denotes the mean value of all elements in the last homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period, and is recorded as a first mean value, denotes the mean value of all elements in all homomorphic change sequences except the last homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period, and is recorded as a second mean value, denotes the number of elements in the last homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period, denotes the sum of the number of elements in all homomorphic change sequences in the preset time period. The first difference absolute value is recorded as Figure 2 as shown in the implementation block diagram of the river flow trend extraction module.

[0063] It should be understood that when the river state is affected by external factors at different time periods, the river flow state feature will change significantly. The greater the strength of the external factor influence, and due to the accumulation of the influence over time, the greater the numerical difference between the last homomorphic change sequence and the homomorphic change sequence in front of it in the preset time period, and the shorter the length of the last homomorphic change sequence, the shorter the time representing the sudden change, and the greater the river time difference.

[0064] The river ecological release regulation module 103 (1) determines the correction proportion of the current moment river flow based on the river time difference; and corrects the current moment river flow by using the data smoothed river flow sequence and combining the correction proportion.

[0065] When the river state remains highly consistent for a long time, it indicates that the river operation is relatively stable, and there is no sudden weather and other conditions to affect the river flow, that is, in this case, the smaller the river time difference of the river flow. Therefore, in the process of correcting the real-time river flow data, the greater the river time difference indicates that the current moment river data is formed by the influence of sudden conditions, and the greater the correction proportion in the correction, because the river flow data at this time often provides more accurate short-term trend information. Therefore, the correction proportion of the current moment river flow is determined, and specifically:

[0066] ; in the formula, denotes the correction proportion of the current moment river flow, denotes a preset maximum correction proportion, and the value range is [0.7, 0.9], and in this embodiment 0.7, denotes the river time difference of the current moment river flow, denotes a normalization function.

[0067] ​In the calculation process of the correction proportion of the river flow at the current time, the same as the river state at the current time, and the shorter the time length, the greater the difference in the river time of the river flow, and the more the river flow data at the current time should be trusted in the calculation of the data correction, so that the correction proportion of the river flow at the current time is greater.

[0068] The river flow sequence is taken as the input of the exponential moving average (EMA) algorithm, and the output is the smoothed river flow sequence. The last element value in the smoothed river flow sequence is recorded as the trend reference value Su, thereby correcting the river flow, specifically: , wherein, represents the corrected river flow at the current time, represents the river flow at the current time. The EMA algorithm is a known technology, and the implementer can select other existing feasible data smoothing algorithms, such as exponential smoothing, Gaussian smoothing, etc., which are not limited in the embodiment.

[0069] (2) The difference between the corrected river flow at the current time and the target river flow is used to determine the ecological discharge regulation amount of the river at the current time.

[0070] The difference between the corrected river flow at the current time and the target river flow is used to determine the ecological discharge regulation amount of the river at the current time. In the embodiment, the target river flow is the average of the river flow measured in the past year. The implementer can determine the target river flow according to the actual situation, and the embodiment does not limit it. Further, the ecological discharge regulation amount is transmitted to the discharge station above the river to regulate the discharge amount. The discharge station includes a hydropower station, a reservoir, a dam, etc. The realization block diagram of the river ecological discharge regulation module is shown in Figure 3 .

[0071] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the present application is only for description, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multi-task processing and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0072] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0073] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for ecological release of rivers, characterized in that, The system comprises: a river flow collection module, which collects river flow at each time in a fixed position of a river, and forms a river flow sequence from the river flow in a preset time period before the current time; a river flow trend extraction module, which divides the river flow sequence, determines runoff mutation degrees of each sub-sequence based on differences in change trends between each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence, merges the sub-sequences according to extreme value distribution of the runoff mutation degrees of all the sub-sequences, and obtains each data homopotent sequence; determines runoff heteropotent degrees of each data homopotent sequence through numerical differences between each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence, and merges the data homopotent sequences based on extreme value distribution of the runoff heteropotent degrees of all the data homopotent sequences to obtain each homomorphic change sequence; analyzes numerical and quantitative differences between a tail homomorphic change sequence in the preset time period and the rest of the homomorphic change sequences to obtain river temporal differences of the river flow; a river ecological discharge regulation module, which determines a correction proportion of the river flow at the current time based on the river temporal differences, corrects the river flow at the current time by using the data-smoothed river flow sequence and the correction proportion, and determines an ecological discharge regulation amount of the river at the current time by using differences between the corrected river flow at the current time and a target river flow; the data homopotent sequence is obtained by: dividing all the sub-sequences into a runoff mutation sequence, obtaining all the maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence, segmenting the runoff mutation sequence based on positions of the maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence, and determining each data homopotent sequence; merging sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees between adjacent two maximum values in the runoff mutation sequence to obtain the data homopotent sequence, wherein the data homopotent sequence does not include the sub-sequences corresponding to the maximum values; for the first maximum value and the last maximum value in the runoff mutation sequence, merging the sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees before the first maximum value and merging the sub-sequences corresponding to the runoff mutation degrees after the last maximum value; the runoff heteropotent degree is determined by: complementing each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence, calculating a metric distance between the complemented each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence, calculating a difference value sequence from difference values of elements at the same position in the complemented each data homopotent sequence and its adjacent data homopotent sequence, determining a difference absolute value of a positive value quantity and a negative value quantity in the difference value sequence, and fusing the difference absolute value and the metric distance to obtain the runoff heteropotent degree of each data homopotent sequence; the homomorphic change sequence is determined by: dividing all the data homopotent sequences into a runoff heteropotent sequence, obtaining each maximum value in the runoff heteropotent sequence, merging data homopotent sequences corresponding to runoff heteropotent degrees between each maximum value and a previous maximum value to obtain a homomorphic change sequence, wherein the homomorphic change sequence includes the data homopotent sequence corresponding to the previous maximum value and does not include the data homopotent sequences corresponding to the maximum values. ​ For the first maximum value in the runoff potential difference sequence, the data corresponding to the runoff potential difference sequence before the first maximum value is merged into the homotopy sequence, and for the last maximum value in the runoff potential difference sequence, the data corresponding to the runoff potential difference sequence after the last maximum value is merged into the homotopy sequence.

2. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological release according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the runoff mutation degree comprises: linear fitting of each sub-sequence to obtain the slope of the fitting straight line of each sub-sequence, calculation of the cumulative sum of all elements in each sub-sequence, and determination of the runoff mutation degree based on the difference between the slopes of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence and the difference between the cumulative sums.

3. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological release according to claim 2, characterized in that, The difference between the slopes of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence is denoted as the first difference, and the difference between the cumulative sums of each sub-sequence and its adjacent sub-sequence is denoted as the second difference, and the runoff mutation degree is positively correlated with the first difference and the second difference.

4. The real time monitoring system for river ecological release according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the river temporal difference comprises: calculating the mean value of all elements in the tail homotopy change sequence, denoted as the first mean value, calculating the mean value of all elements in the remaining homotopy change sequence, denoted as the second mean value, determining the absolute value of the difference between the first mean value and the second mean value, denoted as the first absolute difference value; calculating the sum value of the number of elements in all homotopy change sequences within the preset time period, determining the proportion of the difference between the number of elements in the tail homotopy change sequence and the sum value in the sum value; The river temporal difference is the product of the first absolute difference value and the proportion.

5. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological release according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corrected proportion is the product of the normalized value of the river temporal difference and the preset maximum correction proportion.

6. The real-time monitoring system for river ecological release according to claim 5, characterized in that, The expression for correcting the river flow at the current time by combining the corrected proportion is: ; wherein, is the corrected river flow at the current time, is the river flow at the current time, is the last element value in the smoothed river flow sequence, is the correction proportion of the river flow at the current time.

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