Pipeline opening grinding device for pipeline machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipeline opening polishing device for pipeline machining, and relates to the technical field of pipeline machining, the pipeline opening polishing device comprises a positioning cylinder, a servo motor is mounted at one end of the positioning cylinder, and an output shaft of the servo motor is located in the positioning cylinder and connected with a switching driving mechanism; positioning mechanisms are arranged at the positions, located on the two sides of the switching driving mechanism, of the interior of the positioning cylinder, a size adjusting mechanism is rotationally arranged at the end, away from the servo motor, of the positioning cylinder, and a polisher is arranged on the size adjusting mechanism. According to the pipeline opening grinding device for pipeline machining, the position of the grinding roller can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, so that the end face of a pipeline and the outer side edge wall of a pipeline opening are ground, the grinding roller can be rapidly switched between the horizontal state and the vertical state through simple operation of an adjusting sleeve and assistance of a reset spring, and the grinding efficiency is improved. And the equipment can meet various polishing requirements, and the applicability and flexibility of pipeline polishing are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipeline processing, in particular to a pipe opening polishing device for pipeline processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The pipe opening polishing device for pipeline processing is a device specially used for polishing the pipe port during pipeline processing. It polishes the pipe port at high speed through a specific polishing mechanism, removes burrs and excess material at the port, makes the port surface smooth, and improves the connection quality and use performance of the pipeline. This device is widely used in the petroleum, chemical, construction, automobile and other industries, and is an indispensable important equipment in the pipeline processing process.

[0003] However, the existing pipe opening polishing device has some defects. First, the existing polishing device is often designed for a specific size of pipe, and for pipes of different sizes, the polishing device needs to be replaced or adjusted, which not only increases the operation complexity, but also reduces the production efficiency. Second, the positioning and clamping of the existing polishing device during polishing is not accurate enough, which can easily lead to uneven polishing and affect the connection quality of the pipe. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can efficiently and accurately polish the ports of pipes of different sizes to improve the quality and efficiency of pipeline processing. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a pipe opening polishing device for pipeline processing, which solves the problem of insufficient adaptability and precision of the existing pipe opening polishing device, leading to complex operation and difficult to ensure polishing quality.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a pipe opening polishing device for pipeline processing, comprising a positioning cylinder, one end of the positioning cylinder is provided with a servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor is located in the positioning cylinder and connected with a switching drive mechanism, the inside of the positioning cylinder is provided with a positioning mechanism on both sides of the switching drive mechanism, and the end of the positioning cylinder away from the servo motor is rotationally provided with a size adjusting mechanism, and the size adjusting mechanism is provided with a polisher.

[0006] The polishing device comprises a moving base, the upper end of the moving base is provided with a recess, a movable block is hinged in the recess, the upper end of the movable block is provided with a polishing motor on one side, the output shaft of the polishing motor is connected with a polishing roller at the other side of the movable block, an adjusting sleeve is longitudinally sleeved on the outside of the moving base below the recess, the moving base is provided with a through slot on one side corresponding to the adjusting sleeve, the adjusting sleeve is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block slides through the through slot, the upper part of the connecting block is connected with a positioning shaft, the upper end of the positioning shaft longitudinally slides through the inside top side of the through slot, the lower part of the connecting block and the lower part of the through slot are connected through a return spring, and the lower end and one side of the movable block are provided with positioning holes.

[0007] The switching driving mechanism comprises a rotating shaft connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, a cavity is arranged in the other end of the rotating shaft, a moving rod is transversely inserted into the other end of the rotating shaft, one end of the moving rod is connected with a driving gear, and the other end of the moving rod is connected with a magnetic block in the cavity, the inner side wall of the cavity is provided with an electromagnet corresponding to the magnetic block, and the outside of the moving rod is sleeved with a limiting spring, the two ends of the limiting spring are connected with one side of the driving gear and one end of the rotating shaft respectively.

[0008] Preferably, when the polishing roller is in the horizontal state and the return spring is in the reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft is clamped in the positioning hole at the bottom of the movable block, and when the polishing roller is in the vertical state and the return spring is in the reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft is clamped in the positioning hole on the side of the movable block.

[0009] Preferably, the attractive force and repulsive force of the electromagnet on the magnetic block are greater than the elastic force of the limiting spring, and by changing the current direction of the electromagnet, the magnetism of the side of the electromagnet close to the magnetic block can be changed, so that the two attract or repel each other.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises a double-threaded screw rod rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the one end of the positioning cylinder close to the servo motor, two nut sleeves are threadedly rotatable on the outside of the double-threaded screw rod, two adjusting rods are hingedly connected to the upper parts of the two nut sleeves, the two adjusting rods are hingedly connected together through the shaft intersection between the middle parts of the two adjusting rods, the positioning mechanism further comprises a positioning strip, the other ends of the two adjusting rods are hingedly connected to the two ends of the positioning strip, the positioning cylinder is provided with a guide slot corresponding to the positioning strip, and the adjusting rods pass through the guide slot.

[0011] Preferably, when the double-threaded screw rod rotates, the two nut sleeves on the double-threaded screw rod move in opposite directions, so that they move close to or away from each other.

[0012] Preferably, the other end of the double-threaded screw rod is connected with a transmission gear one, and when the magnetic block is attracted by the electromagnet, the driving gear is engaged with the transmission gear one.

[0013] Preferably, the size adjusting mechanism comprises a circular cavity plate, a convex cavity communicated with the inside of the circular cavity plate is arranged at the center of one side of the circular cavity plate, the convex cavity is rotationally arranged at one end of the positioning cylinder, and an internal gear is further arranged on the inner wall of the convex cavity; the end of the positioning cylinder close to the convex cavity is an opening, a limiting seat is arranged on the inner wall of the opening, a transmission gear three is rotationally arranged on one side of the limiting seat, and the transmission gear three is engaged with the internal gear; when the electromagnet is powered off, the limiting spring is in a reset state, and the driving gear is just engaged with the transmission gear three.

[0014] Preferably, the inside of the size adjusting mechanism is further provided with an adjusting driver for driving the displacement of the moving seat, the adjusting driver comprises a threaded rod rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the circular cavity plate, a moving block is threadedly screwed on the outer part of the threaded rod, a connecting rod is hinged on the moving block, the lower end of the moving seat is longitudinally inserted into the upper part of the circular cavity plate, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the lower end of the moving seat, the other end of the threaded rod is provided with a worm gear, and the adjusting driver further comprises a worm rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the circular cavity plate, the worm is engaged with the worm gear, and the other end of the worm is connected with a transmission gear two.

[0015] Preferably, when the electromagnet and the magnetic block repel each other, the driving gear is just engaged with the transmission gear two.

[0016] Preferably, the driving gear comprises a circular plate, tooth blocks are equidistantly arranged on the outer side edge of the circular plate, rubber flanges are arranged on the two sides of the tooth blocks, and the side of the rubber flanges away from the tooth blocks is arc-shaped.

[0017] The pipe mouth polishing device for pipe machining has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. The pipe mouth polishing device for pipe machining can flexibly adjust the position of the polishing roller according to requirements, thereby realizing polishing of the end face of the pipe and the outer side wall of the pipe mouth, and through simple adjustment of the adjusting sleeve and the assistance of the reset spring, the polishing roller can be quickly switched between the horizontal and vertical states, so that the device can adapt to various polishing requirements, and the applicability and flexibility of pipe polishing are greatly improved.

[0019] 2. The pipe mouth polishing device for pipe machining can accurately position pipes of different sizes, not only improves the efficiency of pipe polishing, but also ensures the stability of the device during polishing, and avoids the problem that the polishing quality is affected due to displacement of the device.

[0020] 3、The pipeline processing pipe opening polishing device, through the design of switching drive mechanism, realizes the mutual switching of pipeline positioning, polishing adjustment and polishing around the pipeline rotation and other functions, this design not only simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the cost, also ensures that each function does not interfere with each other, improves the overall performance and reliability of the equipment, and only needs a servo motor to drive, saves the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the positioning cylinder and size adjusting mechanism of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of the polisher of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the split schematic diagram of the polisher structure of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the switching drive mechanism of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the adjusting driver of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the sectional view of the size adjusting mechanism of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the structure schematic diagram of the driving gear of the present application.

[0029] In the figure: 1, positioning cylinder;2, servo motor;3, switching drive mechanism;31, rotating shaft;32, cavity;33, moving rod;34, driving gear;341, circular plate;342, tooth block;343, rubber flange;35, limit spring;36, magnetic block;37, electromagnet;4, positioning mechanism;41, double toothed screw;42, nut sleeve;43, adjusting rod;44, positioning strip;45, transmission gear one;5, size adjusting mechanism;51, circular cavity plate;52, convex cavity;53, internal gear;54, adjusting driver;541, threaded rod;542, moving block;543, connecting rod;544, worm wheel;545, worm;546, transmission gear two;6, polisher;61, moving seat;62, groove;63, movable block;64, polishing motor;65, polishing roller;66, positioning hole;67, adjusting sleeve;68, through slot;69, connecting block;610, positioning shaft;611, return spring;7, limiting seat;8, transmission gear three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Clearly, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The present application provides four technical solutions:

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-2 In the embodiment of the present application, a pipe opening polishing device for pipe machining includes a positioning cylinder 1, one end of the positioning cylinder 1 is provided with a servo motor 2, the output shaft of the servo motor 2 is located in the positioning cylinder 1 and is connected with a switching driving mechanism 3, the inside of the positioning cylinder 1 is provided with a positioning mechanism 4 at both sides of the switching driving mechanism 3, and the end of the positioning cylinder 1 away from the servo motor 2 is rotationally provided with a size adjusting mechanism 5, and the size adjusting mechanism 5 is provided with a polisher 6.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 2-4 In the embodiment of the present application, the polisher 6 includes a moving seat 61, the upper end of the moving seat 61 is provided with a groove 62, the groove 62 is hingedly connected with a movable block 63, the upper end of the movable block 63 is provided with a polishing motor 64 on one side, the output shaft of the polishing motor 64 is connected with a polishing roller 65 at the other side of the movable block 63, the outside of the moving seat 61 is longitudinally slidably sleeved with an adjusting sleeve 67 below the groove 62, one side of the moving seat 61 is provided with a through groove 68 corresponding to the adjusting sleeve 67, the adjusting sleeve 67 is provided with a connecting block 69, the connecting block 69 slides through the through groove 68, and the upper part of the connecting block 69 is connected with a positioning shaft 610, the upper end of the positioning shaft 610 longitudinally slides through the inside top side of the through groove 68, the lower part of the connecting block 69 and the lower part of the through groove 68 are connected through a return spring 611, and the lower end and one side of the movable block 63 are provided with positioning holes 66.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 3-4 In the embodiment of the present application, when the polishing roller 65 is in a horizontal state and the return spring 611 is in a reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft 610 is clamped in the positioning hole 66 at the bottom of the movable block 63, and when the polishing roller 65 is in a vertical state and the return spring 611 is in a reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft 610 is clamped in the positioning hole 66 at the side of the movable block 63.

[0035] In the scheme, if the outer side edge wall of the pipe port needs to be polished, the adjusting sleeve 67 is slid downward under the elasticity of the reset spring 611, the positioning shaft 610 is separated from the positioning hole 66 on the movable block 63, then the movable block 63 is rotated, and the polishing roller 65 is in a horizontal state, if the port surface of the pipe needs to be polished, the polishing roller 65 is rotated to a vertical state, after adjustment, the adjusting sleeve 67 is loosened, the reset spring 611 resets the adjusting sleeve 67, the positioning shaft 610 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole 66 on the movable block 63, and the movable block 63 is fixed to prevent the movable block 63 from shaking or shifting during polishing, so that the stability of polishing is ensured.

[0036] Example two differs from example one in that:

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the switching driving mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 2, a cavity 32 is arranged in the other end of the rotating shaft 31, a moving rod 33 is transversely inserted into the other end of the rotating shaft 31, a drive gear 34 is connected to one end of the moving rod 33, a magnetic block 36 is connected to the other end of the moving rod 33 in the cavity 32, an electromagnetic iron 37 corresponding to the magnetic block 36 is arranged on the inner side wall of the cavity 32, a limiting spring 35 is sleeved outside the moving rod 33, and the two ends of the limiting spring 35 are connected to one side of the drive gear 34 and one end of the rotating shaft 31 respectively.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the attractive force and repulsive force of the electromagnetic iron 37 to the magnetic block 36 are both greater than the elastic force of the limiting spring 35, by changing the current direction of the electromagnetic iron 37, the magnetism of the side of the electromagnetic iron 37 close to the magnetic block 36 can be changed, so that the electromagnetic iron 37 and the magnetic block 36 attract or repel each other.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, the other end of the double-toothed screw 41 is connected with a transmission gear one 45, when the magnetic block 36 is adsorbed by the electromagnetic iron 37, the drive gear 34 is just engaged with the transmission gear one 45.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, when the electromagnetic iron 37 and the magnetic block 36 repel each other, the drive gear 34 is just engaged with the transmission gear two 546.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 2In the embodiment of the present application, the size adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a circular cavity plate 51, a convex cavity 52 is arranged in the center of one side of the circular cavity plate 51 and communicates with the inside of the circular cavity plate 51, the convex cavity 52 is rotatably arranged on one end of the positioning cylinder 1, and the inner wall of the convex cavity 52 is further provided with an internal gear 53, one end of the positioning cylinder 1 close to the convex cavity 52 is an opening, the inner wall of the opening is provided with a limiting seat 7, one side of the limiting seat 7 is rotatably provided with a transmission gear three 8, the transmission gear three 8 is engaged with the internal gear 53, and when the power supply of the electromagnet 37 is turned off, the limiting spring 35 is in a reset state, and the driving gear 34 is just engaged with the transmission gear three 8.

[0042] In the scheme, when the power supply of the electromagnet 37 is turned off, there is no attractive force between the electromagnet 37 and the magnetic block 36, the limiting spring 35 is in a reset state, at this time, the driving gear 34 is just engaged with the transmission gear three 8, when the power supply of the electromagnet 37 is turned on, and the direction of the current is controlled, the magnetism of the side of the electromagnet 37 close to the magnetic block 36 is opposite to the magnetism of the side of the magnetic block 36 close to the electromagnet 37, then the electromagnet 37 will attract the magnetic block 36, under the elasticity of the limiting spring 35, the electromagnet 37 will attract the magnetic block 36, at this time, the driving gear 34 is clamped into the transmission gear one 45 and engaged with the transmission gear one 45, when the direction of the current is changed, the magnetism of the side of the electromagnet 37 close to the magnetic block 36 is the same as the magnetism of the side of the magnetic block 36 close to the electromagnet 37, then the two repel each other, the magnetic block 36 will move away from the electromagnet 37, at this time, the driving gear 34 will be clamped into the transmission gear two 546 and engaged with the transmission gear two 546, so that the functions of pipe positioning, polishing adjustment and pipe rotating polishing can be switched with each other.

[0043] Further, please refer to Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present application, the driving gear 34 comprises a circular plate 341, the outer side of the circular plate 341 is equidistantly provided with a plurality of tooth blocks 342, the two sides of each tooth block 342 are provided with a rubber flange 343, and the side of the rubber flange 343 away from the tooth block 342 is arc-shaped.

[0044] It should be noted that the structure of the driving gear 34 is the same as that of the transmission gear one 45, the transmission gear two 546 and the transmission gear three 8, so that when the driving gear 34 is transversely displaced, the rubber flange 343 on the driving gear 34 will first contact the rubber flange 343 on the transmission gear, and the elasticity of the rubber flange 343 can make the driving gear 34 be smoothly clamped into the transmission gear and engaged with the transmission gear.

[0045] Embodiment three, which is different from embodiment one, is as follows:

[0046] Please refer to Figure 2In the embodiment of the present application, the positioning mechanism 4 comprises a double-toothed screw 41 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1 near one end of the servo motor 2, the outer part of the double-toothed screw 41 is threadedly connected with two nut sleeves 42, the upper part of each of the two nut sleeves 42 is hingedly connected with an adjusting rod 43, the middle part of each of the two adjusting rods 43 is hingedly connected together through an axle, the positioning mechanism 4 further comprises a positioning strip 44, the other end of each of the two adjusting rods 43 is hingedly connected to the two ends of the positioning strip 44, the positioning cylinder 1 is provided with a guide groove corresponding to the positioning strip 44, and the adjusting rod 43 penetrates through the guide groove.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present application, when the double-toothed screw 41 rotates, the two nut sleeves 42 on the double-toothed screw 41 move in opposite directions, so that they are close to or away from each other.

[0048] In the scheme, when in use, the double-toothed screw 41 is rotated, and then the two nut sleeves 42 on the double-toothed screw 41 are displaced, so that the two nut sleeves 42 are close to each other, and then the adjusting rod 43 lifts up the positioning strip 44, so that the two positioning strips 44 press against the inner wall of the pipeline, thereby positioning the pipeline of different sizes, and preventing the equipment from being displaced during polishing and affecting the polishing quality.

[0049] Embodiment four is different from embodiment one in that:

[0050] Please refer to Figures 6-7 In the embodiment of the present application, the inside of the size adjusting mechanism 5 is further provided with an adjusting driver 54 for driving the displacement of the moving seat 61, the adjusting driver 54 comprises a threaded rod 541 rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the circular cavity plate 51, the outer part of the threaded rod 541 is threadedly connected with a moving block 542, the moving block 542 is hingedly connected with a connecting rod 543, the lower end of the moving seat 61 longitudinally penetrates through the upper part of the circular cavity plate 51, the other end of the connecting rod 543 is hingedly connected to the lower end of the moving seat 61, the other end of the threaded rod 541 is provided with a worm gear 544, the adjusting driver 54 further comprises a worm 545 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the circular cavity plate 51, the worm 545 is meshed with the worm gear 544, and the other end of the worm 545 is connected with a transmission gear two 546.

[0051] In the scheme, when in use, the worm 545 is rotated, the worm 545 drives the rotation of the worm gear 544 meshed therewith, the worm gear 544 drives the rotation of the threaded rod 541, the threaded rod 541 drives the displacement of the moving block 542, the moving block 542 drives the longitudinal displacement of the moving seat 61 through the connecting rod 543, and the position of the polishing roller 65 is adjusted to be in contact with the port of the pipeline, so that the pipeline of different sizes can be polished.

[0052] Working principle: when the power of the electromagnet 37 is off, there is no attraction between the electromagnet 37 and the magnetic block 36, and the limiting spring 35 is in the reset state, at this time the driving gear 34 is just engaged with the transmission gear three 8, when the power of the electromagnet 37 is turned on, and the direction of the current is controlled, the magnetic property of the side of the electromagnet 37 close to the magnetic block 36 is opposite to that of the side of the magnetic block 36 close to the electromagnet 37, then the electromagnet 37 will attract the magnetic block 36, under the elasticity of the limiting spring 35, the electromagnet 37 will attract the magnetic block 36, at this time the driving gear 34 is engaged in the transmission gear one 45 and engaged with it, when the direction of the current is changed, the magnetic property of the side of the electromagnet 37 close to the magnetic block 36 is the same as that of the side of the magnetic block 36 close to the electromagnet 37, then they repel each other, the magnetic block 36 will move away from the electromagnet 37, at this time the driving gear 34 will be engaged in the transmission gear two 546 and engaged with it;

[0053] Insert the positioning cylinder 1 into the pipe, then change the direction of the current, so that the electromagnet 37 and the magnetic block 36 repel each other, then the driving gear 34 is engaged with the transmission gear two 546, at this time under the rotation of the servo motor 2, the rotating shaft 31 is driven to rotate, the rotating shaft 31 drives the driving gear 34 to rotate, the driving gear 34 drives the transmission gear two 546 to rotate, the transmission gear two 546 drives the worm 545 to rotate, the worm 545 drives the worm wheel 544 engaged with it to rotate, the worm wheel 544 drives the threaded rod 541 to rotate, the threaded rod 541 drives the moving block 542 to displace, the moving block 542 drives the connecting rod 543 to drive the moving seat 61 to displace longitudinally, adjusts the position of the polishing roller 65, so that it contacts with the port of the pipe, so that the pipe of different sizes can be polished;

[0054] If it is needed to polish the outer side wall of the pipe port, under the elasticity of the reset spring 611, slide the adjusting sleeve 67 downward, so that the positioning shaft 610 leaves the positioning hole 66 on the movable block 63, then rotate the movable block 63, so that the polishing roller 65 is in the horizontal state, if it is needed to polish the port surface of the pipe, then rotate the polishing roller 65 to the vertical state, after adjustment, loosen the adjusting sleeve 67, the reset spring 611 resets the adjusting sleeve 67, the positioning shaft 610 will be inserted into the corresponding positioning hole 66 on the movable block 63, so that it is fixed, to prevent the movable block 63 from shaking or displacing during polishing, to ensure the stability of polishing;

[0055] After the position of the polishing roller 65 is adjusted, the power of the electromagnet 37 is turned on to attract the magnetic block 36, so that the driving gear 34 is engaged with the transmission gear one 45. Then the servo motor 2 is operated, which drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, and further drives the driving gear 34 at one end of the moving rod 33 to rotate. The driving gear 34 drives the transmission gear one 45 engaged therewith to rotate, which drives the double-threaded screw rod 41 to rotate, and further drives the two nut sleeves 42 on the double-threaded screw rod 41 to displace, so that the two nut sleeves 42 are close to each other, and further the adjusting rod 43 lifts the positioning strips 44, so that the two positioning strips 44 are pressed against the inner wall of the pipe, which plays a role in positioning the pipe of different sizes, and prevents the equipment from being displaced during polishing to affect the polishing quality.

[0056] After the pipe is positioned, the power of the electromagnet 37 is turned off, so that there is no attractive force and repulsive force between the electromagnet 37 and the magnetic block 36. Then the limiting spring 35 is reset, the driving gear 34 is engaged with the transmission gear three 8, and drives the transmission gear three 8 to rotate when the driving gear 34 rotates. Since the transmission gear three 8 is engaged with the internal gear 53 on the inner wall of the convex cavity 52, the transmission gear three 8 drives the circular cavity plate 51 at one end of the convex cavity 52 to rotate when the transmission gear three 8 rotates, and further drives the polisher 6 to rotate around the pipe. Thus, when the polishing motor 64 drives the polishing roller 65 to rotate, the polishing roller 65 can polish different positions of the pipe opening.

[0057] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in the specification all belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining, comprising a positioning cylinder (1), characterized in that: One end of the positioning cylinder (1) is provided with a servo motor (2), the output shaft of the servo motor (2) is located in the positioning cylinder (1) and is connected with a switching drive mechanism (3), the inside of the positioning cylinder (1) is provided with a positioning mechanism (4) at both sides of the switching drive mechanism (3), and the end of the positioning cylinder (1) away from the servo motor (2) is rotationally provided with a size adjusting mechanism (5), and the size adjusting mechanism (5) is provided with a sander (6). The sander (6) comprises a moving seat (61), the upper end of the moving seat (61) is provided with a groove (62), the groove (62) is hingedly connected with a movable block (63), the upper end of the movable block (63) is provided with a polishing motor (64) on one side, the output shaft of the polishing motor (64) is connected with a polishing roller (65) at the other side of the movable block (63), the outside of the moving seat (61) is longitudinally and slidingly provided with an adjusting sleeve (67) below the groove (62), one side of the moving seat (61) is provided with a through groove (68) corresponding to the adjusting sleeve (67), the adjusting sleeve (67) is provided with a connecting block (69) therein, the connecting block (69) slidingly passes through the through groove (68), and the upper part of the connecting block (69) is connected with a positioning shaft (610), the upper end of the positioning shaft (610) longitudinally and slidingly passes through the inside top side of the through groove (68), and the lower part of the connecting block (69) and the lower part of the through groove (68) are connected through a return spring (611), and the lower end and one side of the movable block (63) are provided with positioning holes (66). The switching drive mechanism (3) comprises a rotating shaft (31) connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (2), the other end of the rotating shaft (31) is provided with a cavity (32) in the inside, and the other end of the rotating shaft (31) is transversely and slidingly provided with a moving rod (33), one end of the moving rod (33) is connected with a drive gear (34), and the other end of the moving rod (33) is connected with a magnetic block (36) in the cavity (32), the inner side wall of the cavity (32) is provided with an electromagnet (37) corresponding to the magnetic block (36), and the outside of the moving rod (33) is provided with a limiting spring (35), and the two ends of the limiting spring (35) are connected with one side of the drive gear (34) and one end of the rotating shaft (31) respectively.

2. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the polishing roller (65) is in a horizontal state and the return spring (611) is in a reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft (610) is clamped in the positioning hole (66) at the bottom of the movable block (63), and when the polishing roller (65) is in a vertical state and the return spring (611) is in a reset state, the upper end of the positioning shaft (610) is clamped in the positioning hole (66) at the side of the movable block (63).

3. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attraction and repulsion of the electromagnet (37) to the magnetic block (36) are both greater than the elastic force of the limiting spring (35), by changing the current direction of the electromagnet (37), the magnetism of the electromagnet (37) close to the magnetic block (36) can be changed, so that the two attract or repel each other.

4. The pipe end polishing apparatus for pipe machining according to claim 1, characterized by: The positioning mechanism (4) comprises a double-toothed screw (41) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the positioning cylinder (1) near one end of the servo motor (2), the outer part of the double-toothed screw (41) is threadedly connected with two nut sleeves (42), the upper part of each of the two nut sleeves (42) is hingedly connected with an adjusting rod (43), the middle part of each of the two adjusting rods (43) is hingedly connected together through an axle, the positioning mechanism (4) further comprises a positioning strip (44), the other end of each of the two adjusting rods (43) is hingedly connected to the two ends of the positioning strip (44), the positioning cylinder (1) is provided with a guide groove corresponding to the positioning strip (44), and the adjusting rod (43) penetrates through the guide groove.

5. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the double-toothed screw (41) rotates, the two nut sleeves (42) on the double-toothed screw (41) move in opposite directions, so that they are close to or away from each other.

6. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the double-toothed screw (41) is connected with a transmission gear one (45), when the electromagnet (37) adsorbs the magnetic block (36), the driving gear (34) is engaged with the transmission gear one (45).

7. The pipe end polishing apparatus for pipe machining according to claim 1, characterized by: The size adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a circular cavity plate (51), the circular cavity plate (51) is provided with a convex cavity (52) communicated with the inside thereof at the center of one side of the circular cavity plate (51) near the positioning cylinder (1), the convex cavity (52) is rotatably arranged on one end of the positioning cylinder (1), and the inner wall of the convex cavity (52) is further provided with an internal gear (53), one end of the positioning cylinder (1) near the convex cavity (52) is an opening, the inner wall of the opening is provided with a limiting seat (7), one side of the limiting seat (7) is rotatably provided with a transmission gear three (8), the transmission gear three (8) is engaged with the internal gear (53), when the electromagnet (37) is powered off, the limiting spring (35) is in a reset state, and the driving gear (34) is engaged with the transmission gear three (8).

8. A pipe end polishing device for pipe machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inside of the size adjusting mechanism (5) is further provided with an adjusting driver (54) for driving the displacement of the moving seat (61), the adjusting driver (54) comprises a threaded rod (541) rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the circular cavity plate (51), the outer part of the threaded rod (541) is threadedly connected with a moving block (542), the moving block (542) is hingedly connected with a connecting rod (543), the lower end of the moving seat (61) is longitudinally and slidingly inserted into the upper part of the circular cavity plate (51), the other end of the connecting rod (543) is hingedly connected to the lower end of the moving seat (61), the other end of the threaded rod (541) is provided with a worm wheel (544), the adjusting driver (54) further comprises a worm (545) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the circular cavity plate (51), the worm (545) is engaged with the worm wheel (544), and the other end of the worm (545) is connected with a transmission gear two (546).

9. A pipe opening polishing apparatus for pipe machining according to claim 8, characterized by: When the electromagnet (37) and the magnetic block (36) repel each other, the driving gear (34) is engaged with the transmission gear two (546).

10. The pipe opening grinding device for pipe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear (34) comprises a circular plate (341), the outer side of the circular plate (341) is equidistantly provided with tooth blocks (342), rubber flanges (343) are arranged on both sides of the tooth blocks (342), and the arc-shaped surface of the rubber flanges (343) is far away from the tooth blocks (342).

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