Method and system for improving NVH (Noise Vibration and Harshness) of driving shaft of pure electric vehicle based on new material application

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for NVH (Noise Vibration and Harshness) of a driving shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on new material application, relates to the technical field of NVH optimization of the driving shaft, and aims to solve the problem that the NVH performance of the driving shaft is affected as the precision and the surface quality of the driving shaft are difficult to guarantee by a traditional processing technology. Comprising a precision forging device, a gradient temperature heat treatment device, a magnetron sputtering device, a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem and a dynamic testing and debugging platform. The precision forging processing device is used for processing a metal matrix composite material blank for manufacturing the driving shaft into the driving shaft; the gradient temperature heat treatment device comprises a temperature control module and a cooling rate adjusting module, and is used for carrying out gradient temperature heat treatment on the driving shaft blank; the magnetron sputtering device is used for depositing a nanoscale composite coating at the spline connecting position of the driving shaft through the magnetron sputtering technology. The driving shaft has the advantage that the NVH performance of the driving shaft is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of optimizing the NVH of a drive shaft, in particular to a method and system for the NVH of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous rise of global energy crisis and environmental awareness, pure electric vehicles, as a clean and efficient means of transportation, have developed rapidly in recent years. Pure electric vehicles, with their zero emissions, low noise and high energy utilization, have gradually become the main direction of future development of the automobile industry.

[0003] In the research and production process of pure electric vehicles, the NVH performance is one of the important indicators for measuring the quality of the vehicle, which directly affects the comfort of passengers and the driving experience. As a key component of the transmission system of a pure electric vehicle, the NVH performance of the drive shaft is crucial. The drive shaft will bear complex loads when working, accompanied by high-speed rotation, which is prone to vibration and noise. These vibrations and noises not only affect the quiet environment inside the vehicle, but also may have an adverse effect on the reliability and service life of the vehicle. However, in the processing of the drive shaft, the traditional processing technology is difficult to guarantee the precision and surface quality of the drive shaft, thereby affecting the NVH performance of the drive shaft. In view of this, we propose a method and system for the NVH of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method and system for the NVH of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials, aiming to solve the problem that the traditional processing technology is difficult to guarantee the precision and surface quality of the drive shaft, thereby affecting the NVH performance of the drive shaft.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a system for the NVH of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials, which comprises a precision forging processing device, a gradient temperature heat treatment device, a magnetron sputtering device, a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem, and a dynamic testing and debugging platform.

[0006] The precision forging processing device is used to process the metal matrix composite material blank for making the drive shaft into the drive shaft.

[0007] The gradient temperature heat treatment device comprises a temperature control module and a cooling rate adjustment module, and is used for gradient temperature heat treatment of the drive shaft blank.

[0008] The magnetron sputtering device is used to deposit a nanoscale composite coating on the spline connection of the drive shaft by using the magnetron sputtering technology.

[0009] The finite element analysis and simulation subsystem performs multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation on the drive shaft based on finite element analysis, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis and vibration transmission path analysis;

[0010] The dynamic test and debugging platform includes a high-speed rotating test table, a vibration sensor array, a noise acquisition module and a data processing module, data is collected through the vibration sensor array and the noise acquisition module, and the data processing module performs vibration noise source identification and transmission path analysis, which is used for dynamic test and debugging after the drive shaft and its assembled components are assembled.

[0011] A method for optimizing the NVH performance of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials, which uses the system for optimizing the NVH performance of a drive shaft of a pure electric vehicle based on the application of new materials described above, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1, material preparation, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy and silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 15%-20% and a particle size of 5-10 μm are prepared into a metal matrix composite blank by powder metallurgy;

[0013] S2, precision forging, the metal matrix composite blank is processed into a drive shaft by a precision forging processing device, and the forging ratio is controlled to be 8-12 during forging;

[0014] S3, gradient heat treatment: the drive shaft is kept at 500-550℃ for 2-3 hours by a gradient temperature heat treatment device, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 10-20℃ / min;

[0015] S4, coating deposition, a nano-scale composite coating is deposited on the spline connection of the drive shaft by a magnetron sputtering device using magnetron sputtering technology, and the nano-scale composite coating comprises a lubricating phase, a transition phase and a wear-resistant phase;

[0016] S5, simulation analysis, the drive shaft is subjected to multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation by a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis and vibration transmission path analysis, and a drive shaft structure fine-tuning scheme is determined according to the simulation results and a damping groove is designed.

[0017] S6, dynamic test and debugging, the fine-tuned drive shaft and its assembled components are assembled, and then subjected to dynamic test and debugging by a dynamic test and debugging platform, and then the bearing pre-tightening force is adjusted or damping elements are added according to the finite element analysis results, so as to realize NVH performance optimization.

[0018] Preferably, in the above step S1, the surface of the silicon carbide particles is modified by a ball milling process.

[0019] Preferably, 0.5%-1.0% of silane coupling agent is added in the ball milling process to form a silane coating layer on the surface of the silicon carbide particles, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding strength of the silicon carbide particles with the aluminum alloy or the magnesium alloy.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S4, the lubricating phase is composed of alternately deposited layers of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets and layers of graphene quantum dots, and the total thickness of the lubricating phase is controlled to be 100-200 nm.

[0021] Preferably, in the step S4, the transition phase is a titanium-aluminum-nitrogen and chromium-nitrogen gradient structure, and the total thickness of the transition phase is 200-300 nm.

[0022] Preferably, in the step S4, the wear-resistant phase is composed of titanium carbonitride and nanolaminate films of aluminum trioxide, and the total thickness of the wear-resistant phase is 500-800 nm.

[0023] Preferably, the titanium-aluminum-nitrogen layer contained in the transition phase is close to the wear-resistant phase, and the chromium-nitrogen layer is close to the lubricating phase.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The metal matrix composite material blank is processed by the precision forging processing device, the forging ratio is strictly controlled to be 8-12 during the forging process, so that the drive shaft can obtain a more uniform organizational structure and higher dimensional accuracy, and meanwhile, in combination with the gradient temperature heat treatment device, the material internal stress distribution can be optimized and the surface quality can be improved after being kept at 500-550 DEG C for 2-3 hours and being cooled at a cooling rate of 10-20 DEG C / min, and this high-precision processing and heat treatment process can reduce the vibration excitation source caused by processing defects from the source, and effectively improve the NVH performance of the drive shaft.

[0026] 2. The nanoscale composite coating is deposited at the spline connection of the drive shaft by the magnetron sputtering device, and contains a lubricating phase, a transition phase and a wear-resistant phase, so that the friction coefficient during spline engagement can be reduced, the friction vibration and noise can be reduced, the adhesion between the coating and the substrate can be enhanced, stress buffering can be achieved, the wear resistance of the spline connection can be improved, the irregular vibration caused by wear can be reduced, the dynamic performance of the spline connection can be effectively improved by the synergistic effect of the multiphase composite coating, and the NVH performance of the drive shaft is further optimized.

[0027] 3、The metal matrix composite blank is prepared by powder metallurgy method using aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy and silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 15-20% and a particle size of 5-10 mu m, and the silicon carbide particles are surface modified by a ball milling process, and a mass fraction of 0.5-1.0% of silane coupling agent is added to form a silane coating layer on the surface, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding strength with the matrix, having higher strength, stiffness and wear resistance, and better resisting deformation and wear during operation, reducing vibration and noise caused by insufficient material performance, and also providing a better material basis for NVH optimization of the drive shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system in the application;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the method in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment one

[0032] A pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH system based on new material application, the system comprises a precision forging processing device, a gradient temperature heat treatment device, a magnetron sputtering device, a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem and a dynamic test and debugging platform;

[0033] The precision forging processing device is used for processing the metal matrix composite blank for manufacturing the drive shaft into the drive shaft;

[0034] The gradient temperature heat treatment device comprises a temperature control module and a cooling rate adjusting module, and is used for gradient temperature heat treatment of the drive shaft blank;

[0035] The magnetron sputtering device is used for depositing a nanoscale composite coating on the spline connection of the drive shaft by using magnetron sputtering technology;

[0036] The finite element analysis and simulation subsystem performs multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation on the drive shaft based on finite element analysis, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis and vibration transmission path analysis;

[0037] The dynamic test and debugging platform comprises a high-speed rotating test table, a vibration sensor array, a noise acquisition module and a data processing module, acquires data through the vibration sensor array and the noise acquisition module, and performs vibration noise source identification and transmission path analysis through the data processing module, and is used for dynamic test and debugging after the drive shaft and its assembled components are assembled.

[0038] A method for pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application, which adopts the system for pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application to optimize the drive shaft NVH performance, and comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1, material preparation, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy is prepared into a metal matrix composite blank by adopting a powder metallurgy method with silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 15%-20% and a particle size of 5-10 μm, so as to improve the strength, stiffness and wear resistance of the composite material by adding the silicon carbide particles, reduce the vibration response of the drive shaft, and at the same time, the powder metallurgy method can ensure uniform material composition and reduce internal defects;

[0040] S2, precision forging, the metal matrix composite blank is processed into a drive shaft by a precision forging processing device, the forging ratio is controlled to be 8-12 during the forging process, so as to refine the material grain, densify the organization, improve the mechanical properties and size accuracy of the drive shaft, and reduce the vibration and noise caused by forging defects;

[0041] S3, gradient heat treatment: the drive shaft is kept at 500-550℃ for 2-3 hours by a gradient temperature heat treatment device, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 10-20℃ / min, so as to obtain uniform microstructure of the drive shaft, eliminate forging stress, improve material toughness and fatigue resistance, and reduce vibration amplitude during operation;

[0042] S4, coating deposition, a nano-scale composite coating is deposited on the spline connection of the drive shaft by a magnetron sputtering device, the nano-scale composite coating comprises a lubricating phase, a transition phase and a wear-resistant phase, the multi-layer structure of the nano-scale composite coating works synergistically, wherein the lubricating phase reduces friction, the transition phase enhances the bonding force of the coating and the substrate, and the wear-resistant phase improves wear resistance, effectively reducing the friction noise and wear of the spline connection;

[0043] S5, simulation analysis, the drive shaft is subjected to multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation by a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis and vibration transmission path analysis, and the drive shaft structure fine-tuning scheme is determined and a damping groove is designed according to the simulation results, so as to identify the weak link of the drive shaft through simulation analysis, the damping groove can absorb vibration energy, change the vibration transmission path and reduce noise radiation.

[0044] S6, dynamic testing and debugging, the fine-tuned drive shaft and its assembly parts are assembled, and then dynamic testing and debugging are carried out through the dynamic testing and debugging platform, then the bearing pre-tightening force is adjusted or the damping element is added according to the finite element analysis result, the NVH performance is optimized, the accuracy of the simulation result is verified through the dynamic test, the bearing pre-tightening force is adjusted and the damping element is added, the NVH performance of the drive shaft is further optimized, and the actual application requirements are ensured to be met.

[0045] Further, in the above step S1, the silicon carbide particles are also subjected to surface modification treatment by adopting a ball milling process. The ball milling process improves the surface morphology and activity of the silicon carbide particles, improves the interface bonding strength between the silicon carbide particles and the metal matrix, reduces the interface defects in the composite material, and thus improves the overall mechanical properties and NVH performance of the drive shaft.

[0046] Further, in the ball milling process, 0.5%-1.0% of the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent is added to form a silane coating layer on the surface of the silicon carbide particles, thereby enhancing the interface bonding strength between the silicon carbide particles and the aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy, reducing stress concentration, and reducing vibration and noise caused by interface debonding.

[0047] Further, in the above step S4, the lubricating phase is composed of alternately deposited molybdenum disulfide nanosheet layers and graphene quantum dot layers, and the total thickness of the lubricating phase is controlled to be 100-200nm. The excellent lubricating performance of molybdenum disulfide and graphene significantly reduces the friction coefficient at the spline connection, reduces frictional heat and noise, and the alternately deposited structure can improve the stability and durability of the lubricating phase.

[0048] Further, in the above step S4, the transition phase is a titanium-aluminum-nitrogen and chromium-nitrogen gradient structure, and the total thickness of the transition phase is 200-300nm. The gradient structure of the transition phase can relieve the stress difference between the coating and the substrate, improve the bonding strength and anti-peeling ability of the coating, and ensure that the composite coating maintains good performance in long-term use.

[0049] Further, in the above step S4, the wear-resistant phase is composed of titanium carbonitride and nanometer multilayer film of aluminum trioxide, and the total thickness of the wear-resistant phase is 500-800nm. The high hardness and wear resistance of titanium carbonitride and aluminum trioxide can effectively resist wear at the spline connection, and the nanometer multilayer film structure can improve the toughness and fatigue resistance of the wear-resistant phase, thereby prolonging the service life of the coating.

[0050] Further, the titanium-aluminum-nitrogen layer contained in the transition phase is close to the wear-resistant phase, and the chromium-nitrogen layer is close to the lubricating phase, so as to fully exert the performance advantages of each layer. The titanium-aluminum-nitrogen layer matches the wear-resistant phase to improve wear resistance, and the chromium-nitrogen layer matches the lubricating phase to enhance the interface bonding force, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the composite coating.

[0051] The embodiments of the present application disclose the preferred embodiments, but are not limited to the same. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present application according to the above embodiments, and make different inferences and changes, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present application, and are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application, characterized by, The system comprises a precision forging processing device, a gradient temperature heat treatment device, a magnetron sputtering device, a finite element analysis and simulation subsystem, and a dynamic test and debugging platform. The precision forging processing device is used for processing a metal matrix composite material blank for manufacturing a drive shaft into the drive shaft. The gradient temperature heat treatment device comprises a temperature control module and a cooling rate adjusting module, and is used for performing gradient temperature heat treatment on the drive shaft blank. The magnetron sputtering device is used for depositing a nanoscale composite coating on the spline connection of the drive shaft by using the magnetron sputtering technology. The finite element analysis and simulation subsystem performs multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation on the drive shaft based on finite element analysis, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis, and vibration transmission path analysis. The dynamic test and debugging platform comprises a high-speed rotating test table, a vibration sensor array, a noise acquisition module, and a data processing module. The vibration sensor array and the noise acquisition module are used for collecting data, and the data processing module is used for vibration noise source identification and transmission path analysis. The dynamic test and debugging platform is used for performing dynamic test and debugging on the drive shaft and its assembled components after assembly.

2. A method for pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application, the method uses the system for pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application in claim 1 to optimize the drive shaft NVH performance, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, material preparation, an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy is prepared into a metal matrix composite material blank by using a powder metallurgy method with silicon carbide particles with a volume fraction of 15%-20% and a particle size of 5-10 μm; S2, precision forging, the metal matrix composite material blank is processed into a drive shaft by a precision forging processing device, and the forging ratio is controlled to be 8-12 during the forging process; S3, gradient heat treatment, the drive shaft is kept at 500-550 ℃ for 2-3 hours by a gradient temperature heat treatment device, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 10-20 ℃ / min; S4, coating deposition, a nanoscale composite coating is deposited on the spline connection of the drive shaft by using the magnetron sputtering technology, and the nanoscale composite coating comprises a lubricating phase, a transition phase, and a wear-resistant phase; S5, simulation analysis, multi-physical field coupling NVH performance simulation is performed on the drive shaft by using the finite element analysis and simulation subsystem, including structural dynamics analysis, acoustic analysis, and vibration transmission path analysis, and a structure fine-tuning scheme of the drive shaft is determined according to the simulation results and a damping groove is designed; S6, dynamic test and debugging, the fine-tuned drive shaft and its assembled components are assembled, and then dynamic test and debugging are performed on the drive shaft by using the dynamic test and debugging platform, and then the bearing pre-tightening force is adjusted or a damping element is added according to the finite element analysis results to optimize the NVH performance.

3. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the above step S1, the silicon carbide particles are subjected to surface modification treatment by using a ball milling process.

4. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the ball milling process, a mass fraction of 0.5%-1.0% of a silane coupling agent is added to form a silane coating layer on the surface of the silicon carbide particles, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding strength between the silicon carbide particles and the aluminum alloy or the magnesium alloy.

5. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application as claimed in claim 2, wherein, In the above step S4, the lubricating phase is composed of alternately deposited molybdenum disulfide nanosheet layers and graphene quantum dot layers, and the total thickness of the lubricating phase is controlled to be 100-200 nm.

6. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the above step S4, the transition phase is a titanium-aluminum-nitrogen and chromium-nitrogen gradient structure, and the total thickness of the transition phase is 200-300 nm.

7. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application as claimed in claim 2, wherein, In step S4, the wear-resistant phase is composed of titanium carbonitride and aluminum trioxide nanolayer film, and the total thickness of the wear-resistant phase is 500-800 nm.

8. A method of pure electric vehicle drive shaft NVH based on new material application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The titanium-aluminum-nitrogen layer in the transition phase is close to the wear-resistant phase, and the chromium-nitrogen layer is close to the lubricating phase.

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