One-way bolt and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-way bolt and a using method thereof. The bolt comprises a screw rod, a nut and a cross arm. A transverse through hole is formed in the polished rod section of the screw rod, and two vertical sliding grooves are formed in the chord stand column on the two sides of the transverse through hole; an axial through hole is formed in the axis of the threaded section of the screw rod; the nut is sleeved outside the threaded section; the cross arm comprises a stop block and a sliding block, and the stop block is arranged in the transverse through hole; the two sliding blocks are arranged in the two vertical sliding grooves and located on the two side faces of the check block. The method comprises the following steps: inserting the bolt into the screw hole; pushing the chamfered surface of the stop block by using an ejector pin to enable the cross arm to rotate around the sliding block until the chamfered surface is exposed out of the screw rod; applying pulling force to enable the cross arm to rotate to be perpendicular to the screw rod and slide to the bottom of the transverse through hole; tightening the nut to finish mounting; the method comprises the steps that the ejector pin is inserted into the stop block strip-shaped groove and rotates by 90 degrees, the ejector pin is pulled outwards to drive the cross arm to slide to the limiting stop block to enable the cross arm to rotate until the cross arm is completely embedded into the transverse through hole, and the nut is unscrewed to take out the bolt. According to the bolt and the method, the whole mounting and dismounting process can be conveniently completed through a single-side working face.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of building structure structural member connection, and particularly relates to a one-way bolt and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the connection process of conventional bolts, the bolts are usually threaded from one side of the bolt hole to the other side, and then a lock nut is tightened on the other side to fix and clamp. However, in the following situations, this method cannot or is difficult to implement: (1) the installation space is small, such as the bolt connection at the closed section and open section of a steel structure, and the conventional bolt cannot be implemented; (2) the connected member is large in size, such as a large wall in a building, and the length of a hand cannot effectively cover the member, so it is time-consuming and laborious to thread the bolt; (3) high-altitude and near-space members, which are commonly near-space members with one side being an outer side of a building and the other side being an inner side, such as the outer wall of a multi-story building, the tower cylinder of a water tower, the lower bottom plate or lower conical plate of a water tank, the tower body of a cooling tower of a power plant, the cylinder of a chimney, etc., and it is usually difficult to implement the conventional bolt threading; (4) the operation of reinforcing a wall or plate member by increasing the section on one side.

[0003] Since the one-way bolt can realize the functions of single-side installation and single-side tightening, in order to effectively solve the above-mentioned situations, it is a relatively appropriate solution to use a one-way bolt (also known as a blind bolt or single-side locking bolt). However, the current one-way bolt is mainly designed for the connection between steel members, and has poor adaptability to bolt holes in concrete and masonry mortar, and the strength of general mortar is 1 / 50 of that of the minimum strength grade of steel, and the strength of general concrete is about 1 / 20 of that of the minimum strength grade of steel. If the current one-way bolt is used for concrete and mortar substrates, axial slip is likely to occur, and a larger compressive contact surface is also required. The bolt hole is generally larger than the diameter of the bolt, and due to the need for heat preservation, heat insulation and waterproofing, the gap between the bolt hole and the bolt needs to be sealed by filling materials (also known as grouting or glue filling), and it is also possible that the bolt hole is in various directions (horizontal hole, inclined hole, upward hole, etc.), which requires pressure grouting. For one-way bolts that do not require grouting, sometimes it is also required that the one-way bolt has a detachable function. The current one-way bolt cannot simultaneously meet the above-mentioned requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of one-way bolt and a use method thereof to effectively solve the limitations of the existing one-way bolt. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a one-way bolt and a use method thereof. The one-way bolt has a reasonable structure and is convenient for installation operation from one side. It can be used in installation operation conditions of large-size connected members, high-altitude and near-space members, small spaces, and operation conditions of reinforcing a wall or plate member by increasing the section on one side. The method has the advantages of one-way installation, convenience, high efficiency, effective connection, one-way disassembly, reusability, and sealing by pressure grouting.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a one-way bolt, which comprises a lock nut, a screw rod and a cross arm; The screw rod is columnar, the lower section of which is a smooth rod section and the upper section of which is a threaded section; The smooth rod section is provided with a transverse through hole extending radially, and two chord columns are formed on the longitudinal sides of the transverse through hole; the axial center portions of the opposite faces of the two chord columns are symmetrically provided with two vertical sliding grooves, the vertical sliding grooves comprise a large strip-shaped section at the upper part and a small strip-shaped section at the lower part, the cross section of the large strip-shaped section is arc-shaped, and the cross section of the small strip-shaped section is the combination of arc-shaped and rectangular, wherein the arc of the small strip-shaped section and the arc of the large strip-shaped section are equal in radius and have the same center, and the rectangular of the small strip-shaped section is formed on the inner side of the large strip-shaped section; The threaded section is provided with an axial through hole at the axial center, the lower end of the axial through hole is communicated with the top of the transverse through hole, and the upper end of the axial through hole extends to the upper end of the threaded section; two trapezoidal grooves are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the upper end of the threaded section; The cross arm comprises a stop block and a sliding block, the stop block is cuboid-shaped, and a chamfered face is arranged at one corner end of the stop block, the size of the stop block is matched with the size of the transverse through hole, and the stop block is arranged in the transverse through hole; the sliding block is a hemispherical block with opposite cut edges, the cut edge distance is matched with the width of the small strip-shaped section of the vertical sliding groove, two sliding blocks are correspondingly arranged in the inner parts of the two vertical sliding grooves, and are symmetrically installed in the center areas of the two side faces in the thickness direction of the stop block; The lock nut is sleeved on the outside of the threaded section through thread cooperation.

[0006] In the technical scheme, the screw rod only has the smooth rod section and the threaded section, and does not have a nut like the conventional screw rod, so that the screw rod can be conveniently inserted into the mounting screw hole from one side of the smooth rod section during use. The transverse through hole is formed in the smooth rod section, two vertical sliding grooves are formed in the string posts on opposite sides of the transverse through hole, the stop block is arranged in the transverse through hole, two sliding blocks arranged on opposite sides of the stop block are arranged in the two vertical sliding grooves, the large strip-shaped section of the vertical sliding groove at the upper portion is adapted to the radial length of the sliding block, and the small strip-shaped section of the vertical sliding groove at the lower portion is adapted to the thickness direction size of the sliding block. In this way, when the two sliding blocks are located in the large strip-shaped section, the stop block has the rotatable ability, the size of the stop block is adapted to the size of the transverse through hole, and thus, when the stop block is rotated to be consistent with the length direction of the screw rod, the stop block can be completely hidden in the smooth rod section, so that the one-way mounting operation is facilitated. In addition, the diameter direction of the sliding block extends along the height direction of the stop block, so that when the two sliding blocks are slidingly inserted into the small strip-shaped section at the two sides in the thickness direction, the stop block is perpendicular to the screw rod, and in the limiting cooperation state of the sliding block and the small strip-shaped section, the stop block only has the axial translation ability and does not have the rotation ability, so that the stop block can be used to limit the function, and after the lock nut is mounted at one end of the threaded section, the stop block can be used to realize the tensioning and fixing of the other end of the connected or fixed member.

[0007] The one-way bolt structure is reasonable, facilitates the installation operation from one side, and can be applied to the installation operation conditions of large-sized connected members, high-altitude and temporary space members, narrow space, and single-face reinforced wall or plate member operation conditions.

[0008] Further, in order to facilitate the installation of the cross arm in the transverse mounting hole, the cross arm further comprises two clamping members; a special-shaped through hole is formed through the center area of the two side surfaces of the stop block in the thickness direction, the special-shaped through hole comprises a circular hole at the middle portion, and two strip-shaped holes symmetrically distributed at the outer sides of the two ends of the circular hole and extending along the length direction of the stop block. The clamping piece comprises a supporting spring and two sliding clamping seats, the sliding clamping seat comprises a short cylindrical segment in the center, two strip segments symmetrically connected to the outer sides of the two ends of the cylindrical segment, the short cylindrical segment is matched with the size of the circular hole, and the strip segment is matched with the size of the strip hole; the two sliding clamping seats are correspondingly distributed at the two ends of the supporting spring, and the opposite surfaces of the two short cylindrical segments are fixedly connected to the two ends of the supporting spring; the clamping piece is installed in the special-shaped through hole, and under the normal support of the supporting spring, the outer end surfaces of the two sliding clamping seats are flush with the two end surfaces of the stopper; wherein the two sliding blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer end surfaces of the two short cylindrical segments. By arranging the supporting spring in the middle part, the two sliding clamping seats can be compressed in the direction of approaching each other during installation, and then the two sliding blocks can enter the special-shaped through hole, so that the cross arm can be quickly inserted into the vertical sliding groove, and the cross arm can also be easily removed from the vertical sliding groove, so as to facilitate the related maintenance operation.

[0009] Further, in order to facilitate the recycling operation of the one-way bolt and realize the reusable process, the one-way bolt further comprises a dismounting unit, the dismounting unit comprises a strip-shaped groove and a limiting stopper, the strip-shaped groove is arranged in the interior of the stopper, and the cross section of the strip-shaped groove is in the shape of a Chinese character "N"; the length direction of the strip-shaped groove extends obliquely along the length direction of the stopper, the opening end of the strip-shaped groove extends to the end surface of one end of the height direction of the stopper, the first end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove extends to the chamfered surface, the second end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove extends to the middle segment of the stopper, and the depth of the second end is shallower than that of the first end. The limiting stopper is arranged on the inner side of the one end of the transverse through hole, and the two ends of the limiting stopper are fixedly connected to the two string columns corresponding to the middle segment area of the large strip segment.

[0010] Further, in order to facilitate the installation and disassembly efficiency, the one-way bolt further comprises a ejector pin; the ejector pin comprises a horizontal rod segment, a straight rod segment and a curved segment, the length of the horizontal rod segment is matched with the length of the large groove segment of the strip-shaped groove, the width of the horizontal rod segment is matched with the width of the small groove segment of the strip-shaped groove, the lower end of the straight rod segment is connected with the center area of the horizontal rod segment vertically, and the size of the straight rod segment is matched with the size of the axial through hole and the small groove segment of the strip-shaped groove, and the curved segment is fixedly connected with the upper end of the straight rod segment. The cross section of the strip-shaped groove is in the shape of a convex character, and one end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove extends to the chamfered surface, and the length and width of the horizontal rod segment are matched with the large groove segment and the small groove segment respectively, so that the horizontal rod segment can be inserted into the large groove segment through the small groove segment in the recycling process, and the horizontal rod segment is limited and matched with the strip-shaped groove by rotating the ejector pin by 90 degrees. Since the slider is matched with the small strip-shaped segment of the vertical sliding groove through the two sides in the thickness direction, the slider only moves in the axial direction in the initial stage of pulling the stop block outward by the ejector pin, and then the stop block enters the large strip-shaped segment. Since the strip-shaped groove is in an inclined state, and the limiting stop block is arranged at one end of the horizontal through hole, when the slider enters the large strip-shaped segment, the stop block will rotate under the continuous action of the pulling force of the ejector pin, until the length direction of the stop block is consistent with the length direction of the screw rod, and the horizontal segment of the ejector pin can slide out of the end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove. In this state, the screw rod can be pulled out of the mounting nut, so that the recycling operation of the one-way bolt is realized.

[0011] Further, in order to facilitate the installation or disassembly process, the screw rod can be clamped by the clamp to avoid radial rotation, and to facilitate the installation operation of the locking nut and the recycling operation of the one-way bolt, the one-way bolt further comprises a clamp; the clamp is made of an elastic rod body which is folded in half from the middle, and the whole clamp is in the shape of a 7, and the two open ends of the clamp are fixedly connected with two trapezoidal clamping blocks, and the two trapezoidal clamping blocks are matched with two trapezoidal grooves respectively. Two trapezoidal grooves are arranged at the upper end of the threaded segment, and the two ends of the clamp are provided with two trapezoidal clamping blocks, so that when the two trapezoidal clamping blocks of the clamp are embedded in the two trapezoidal grooves, the radial rotation of the screw rod can be limited by the clamp, and the screw rod can be taken out of the small installation space by the clamp.

[0012] The application also provides a use method of the one-way bolt, which comprises the following steps: A1: a mounting screw hole matched with the screw rod is arranged on a to-be-connected component; meanwhile, the one-way bolt is prepared, the stop block is rotated, the stop block is completely hidden in the horizontal through hole of the light rod segment, and it is ensured that one end of the chamfered surface is close to one end of the threaded segment; A2: the one-way bolt is inserted into the mounting screw hole from one end of the light rod segment until the stop block close to one end of the threaded segment passes through the mounting screw hole; A3: the top pin or the top rod is inserted into the axial through hole to the transverse through hole, and the chamfer surface of the block is rotated away from the direction of the light rod section until the chamfer surface rotates out of the transverse through hole; A4: by applying tension to the threaded section, the screw rod is pulled away from the to-be-connected assembly, the slider continues to rotate in the large strip-shaped section, until the block reaches a state perpendicular to the screw rod, and under the guidance of the two sliders and the two small strip-shaped sections, the slider slides to the end of the vertical sliding groove; A5: the locking nut is sleeved on the outside of the threaded section, and the locking nut is tightened until the end surface of the block is tightly connected with the end surface of the to-be-connected assembly, and the connection of the to-be-connected assembly is completed.

[0013] The method is convenient and efficient, and the whole installation process can be completed by a single working surface, and the connection strength can be effectively ensured.

[0014] As a preferred, in A5, for the one-way bolt that needs to be disassembled, the disassembly process is as follows: B1: the locking nut is rotated to the end of the threaded section and removed; B2: the screw rod is pushed towards the light rod section until the length meets the space required for the block to rotate; B3: the top pin is inserted into the axial through hole to the transverse through hole, and the cross rod section is rotated to make the cross rod section enter the large groove section through the small groove section of the strip-shaped groove, and then the top pin is rotated by 90 degrees to make the cross rod section limit with the large groove section; B4: the top pin is pulled outwards to drive the block to translate towards the large strip-shaped section until the block is pulled into the large strip-shaped section from the small strip-shaped section; B5: continue to pull out the top pin, under the pulling action of the top pin, the block translates to the position of the limiting block, under the action of the limiting block, the block starts to rotate, with the continuous pulling action of the top pin, the block completely hides in the transverse through hole, at this time, the cross rod section is pulled out of the axial through hole; B6: the end of the screw rod section is clamped, and the one-way bolt is removed from the to-be-connected assembly to complete the recycling of the one-way bolt.

[0015] In order to facilitate operation, in A2, the two trapezoidal grooves at the end of the threaded section are first clamped by the clamp, and then the one-way bolt is inserted into the installation screw hole from one end of the light rod section by the clamp.

[0016] In order to facilitate operation, in B2, the two trapezoidal grooves at the end of the threaded section are first clamped by the clamp, and then the one-way bolt is inserted into the installation screw hole from one end of the light rod section by the clamp.

[0017] The method is convenient and efficient in implementation process, and can realize the recycling operation of the one-way bolt, and is favorable for realizing the repeated use of the one-way bolt.

[0018] As a preferred, in A5, the axial through hole is used to fill the installation screw hole with pressure perfusion filling material to seal the gap.

[0019] The method is convenient and efficient in implementation process, and can realize the sealing treatment of the gap around the one-way bolt hole, and realizes the requirements of heat preservation, heat insulation and waterproof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the cross arm in the unfolded state in the application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the cross arm in the unfolded state in the application; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the cross arm in the folded state in the application; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the cross arm in the folded state in the application; Figure 5 is an elevation view of the screw rod in the first embodiment in the application; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the screw rod in the first embodiment in the application Figure 1 ; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the screw rod in the first embodiment in the application Figure 2 Figure 8 is a plan view of the screw rod in the first embodiment in the application Figure 9 is Figure 5 a cross-sectional view in A-A direction in the application; Figure 10 is Figure 5 a cross-sectional view in B-B direction in the application; Figure 11 is Figure 5 a cross-sectional view in C-C direction in the application; Figure 12 is a perspective view of the cross arm in the application; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the cross arm in the application; Figure 14 is a perspective view of the clamping piece in the application; Figure 15 is a front view of the clamping piece in the application; Figure 16 is an assembly view of the sliding clamping seat and the sliding block in the application; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the stereoscopic structure of the top pin in the application; Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the stereoscopic structure of the clamp in the application; Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the clamp and the stud in the application; Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the to-be-connected assembly using the one-way bolt in the application.

[0021] In the figure: 1, screw rod, 2, cross arm, 3, threaded section, 4, smooth rod section, 5, locking nut, 6, transverse through hole, 7, vertical sliding groove, 8, large strip section, 9, small strip section, 10, axial through hole, 11, stop block, 12, clamping piece, 13, supporting spring, 14, sliding block, 15, chamfered surface, 16, special-shaped through hole, 17, sliding clamping seat, 18, short cylindrical section, 19, strip section, 20, strip-shaped groove, 21, limiting stop block, 22, string column, 23, horizontal rod section, 24, straight rod section, 25, curved section, 26, trapezoidal groove, 27, trapezoidal clamping block, 28, to-be-connected assembly, 29, mounting screw hole, 30, clamp, 31, top pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The application will be further described below.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 to 20 , the application provides a one-way bolt, which comprises a locking nut 5, a screw rod 1 and a cross arm 2; The screw rod 1 is columnar, the lower section thereof is a smooth rod section 4, and the upper section thereof is a threaded section 3; The smooth rod section 4 is provided with a transverse through hole 6 extending radially, and two string columns 22 are formed on the longitudinal sides of the transverse through hole 6; the axial center portions of the opposite faces of the two string columns 22 are symmetrically provided with two vertical sliding grooves 7, the vertical sliding grooves 7 comprise a large strip section 8 located at the upper portion and a small strip section 9 located at the lower portion, the cross section of the large strip section 8 is arc-shaped, and the cross section of the small strip section 9 is a combination of arc-shaped and rectangular, wherein the arc of the small strip section 9 and the arc of the large strip section 8 have the same radius and the same center, and the rectangle of the small strip section 9 is formed on the inner side of the large strip section 8; As a preferred, the cross section of the transverse through hole 6 is rectangular or waist-shaped; The axial center of the threaded section 3 is provided with an axial through hole 10, the lower end of the axial through hole 10 is in communication with the top of the transverse through hole 6, and the upper end thereof extends to the upper end of the threaded section 3; the upper end of the threaded section 3 is symmetrically provided with two trapezoidal grooves 26 on the two sides thereof; The crosspiece 2 comprises a stopper 11 and sliding blocks 14, the stopper 11 is cuboid, and a chamfered surface 15 is formed at one corner end of the stopper 11, the size of the stopper 11 is matched with the size of the transverse through hole 6, and the stopper 11 is arranged in the transverse through hole 6; two sliding blocks 14 are correspondingly arranged in the interiors of two vertical sliding grooves 7, and are symmetrically arranged at the center regions of the two side surfaces of the stopper 11 in the thickness direction; as a preferred, the sliding block 14 is a half-sphere structure with opposite side cutting edges, and the cutting edge spacing is matched with the width of the small strip-shaped section 9 of the vertical sliding groove 7. The locking nut 5 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded section 3 through thread cooperation.

[0024] In the technical scheme, the screw rod only has the smooth rod section and the threaded section, and does not have a screw cap like the conventional screw rod, so that the screw rod can be conveniently and unidirectionally inserted into the mounting screw hole from the smooth rod section during use. The transverse through hole is formed in the smooth rod section, two vertical sliding grooves are formed on the opposite two side columns of the transverse through hole, the stopper in the crosspiece is arranged in the transverse through hole, the two sliding blocks arranged on the opposite two sides of the stopper are arranged in the two vertical sliding grooves, the large strip-shaped section at the upper part of the vertical sliding groove is matched with the radial length of the sliding block, and the small strip-shaped section at the lower part of the vertical sliding groove is matched with the thickness direction size of the sliding block. Thus, when the two sliding blocks are located in the large strip-shaped section, the stopper has the rotatable ability, the size of the stopper is matched with the size of the transverse through hole, and thus the stopper can be completely hidden in the interior of the smooth rod section when the stopper is rotated to be consistent with the length direction of the screw rod, thereby facilitating the unidirectional mounting operation. In addition, the diameter direction of the sliding block extends along the height direction of the stopper, so that when the two sliding blocks are slidably inserted into the small strip-shaped section in the thickness direction, the stopper is in the state of being perpendicular to the screw rod, and in the limiting cooperation state of the sliding block and the small strip-shaped section, the stopper only has the axial translation ability and does not have the rotation ability, thereby the stopper can be used to play the limiting function, and after the locking nut is mounted at one end of the threaded section, the stopper can be used to realize the tensioning and fixing of the other end of the to-be-connected or to-be-fixed member.

[0025] The unidirectional screw bolt structure is reasonable, and facilitates the installation operation from one side, and can be applied to the installation operation working conditions of large-sized connected members, high-altitude and temporary space members, narrow space, single-face increased cross-section method reinforced wall or plate member operation working conditions.

[0026] In order to facilitate the installation of the crosspiece in the transverse mounting hole, the crosspiece 2 further comprises two clamping pieces 12; the center regions of the two side surfaces of the stopper 11 in the thickness direction are throughly formed with special-shaped through holes 16, the special-shaped through holes 16 comprise a circular hole at the middle part, two strip-shaped holes which are symmetrically distributed at the outer sides of the two ends of the circular hole and extend along the length direction of the stopper 11; The clamping piece 12 comprises a supporting spring 13 and two sliding clamping seats 17, the sliding clamping seat 17 comprises a short cylindrical segment 18 in the center, two strip segments 19 symmetrically connected outside both ends of the cylindrical segment 18, and the short cylindrical segment 18 is matched with the size of the circular hole, and the strip segment 19 is matched with the size of the strip hole; the two sliding clamping seats 17 are correspondingly distributed at both ends of the supporting spring 13, and the opposite sides of the two short cylindrical segments 18 are fixedly connected at both ends of the supporting spring 13; the clamping piece 12 is installed in the special-shaped through hole 16, and under the normal support of the supporting spring 13, the outer end faces of the two sliding clamping seats 17 are flush with the end faces of the stopper 11; wherein the two sliding blocks 14 are symmetrically fixedly connected on the outer end faces of the two short cylindrical segments 18. By arranging the supporting spring in the middle part, the two sliding clamping seats can be compressed in the direction of approaching each other during installation, and then the two sliding blocks can enter the special-shaped through hole, so that the cross arm can be quickly inserted into the vertical sliding groove, and the cross arm can also be easily removed from the vertical sliding groove, so as to facilitate the related maintenance operation.

[0027] In order to facilitate the recycling operation of the one-way bolt and realize the reusable process, the one-way bolt further comprises a dismounting unit, the dismounting unit comprises a strip-shaped groove 20 and a limiting stopper 21, the strip-shaped groove 20 is arranged in the interior of the stopper 11, and the cross section of the strip-shaped groove 20 is in the shape of a Chinese character "N"; the length direction of the strip-shaped groove 20 extends obliquely along the length direction of the stopper 11, the opening end of the strip-shaped groove 20 extends to the end face of one end of the stopper 11 in the height direction, the first end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove 20 extends to the chamfered face 15, the second end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove 20 extends to the middle segment of the stopper 11, and the depth of the second end is shallower than that of the first end. The limiting stopper 21 is arranged on the inner side of one side end of the transverse through hole 6, and corresponds to the middle segment area of the large strip segment 8, the two ends of the limiting stopper 21 are fixedly connected with the two chord columns 22.

[0028] In order to facilitate the installation and disassembly efficiency, the one-way bolt further comprises a ejector pin 22; the ejector pin 22 comprises a horizontal rod section 23, a straight rod section 24 and a curved section 25, the length of the horizontal rod section 23 is matched with the length of the large groove section of the strip-shaped groove 20, the width of the horizontal rod section 23 is matched with the width of the small groove section of the strip-shaped groove 20, the lower end of the straight rod section 24 is perpendicularly connected to the central area of the horizontal rod section 23, and the size of the straight rod section 24 is matched with the size of the axial through hole 10 and the small groove section of the strip-shaped groove 20, and the curved section 25 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the straight rod section 24. In order to facilitate the handheld operation, the curved section 25 is in the shape of a ring with a notch or a square ring with a notch. The cross section of the strip-shaped groove is in the shape of a Chinese character "N", one end of the length direction of the strip-shaped groove extends to the chamfered surface, and the length and width of the horizontal rod section are matched with the large groove section and the small groove section respectively, so that in the recycling process, the horizontal rod section can be inserted into the large groove section through the small groove section, and then the ejector pin is rotated by 90 degrees, so that the horizontal rod section is limited and matched with the strip-shaped groove, because the slider is matched with the small strip-shaped section of the vertical sliding groove through the two sides in the thickness direction, so that in the initial stage of pulling the stop block outward by the ejector pin, the stop block only has an axial translational motion until the stop block enters into the large strip-shaped section. At the same time, because the strip-shaped groove is in an inclined state, and the limiting stop block is arranged at one end of the lateral through hole, when the slider enters into the large strip-shaped section, under the continuous action of the pulling force of the ejector pin, the stop block will have a rotational motion until the length direction of the stop block is consistent with the length direction of the screw rod, and the lateral section of the ejector pin can slide out from the end of the length of the strip-shaped groove, in this state, the screw rod can be pulled out from the mounting nut, so that the recycling operation of the one-way bolt is realized.

[0029] In order to facilitate the installation or disassembly process, the screw rod can be clamped by the clamp to avoid the radial rotation, and in order to facilitate the operation process when the bolt rod is short, the one-way bolt further comprises a clamp 30; the clamp 30 is made of an elastic rod body which is folded at the middle part, and the whole clamp 30 is in the shape of a Chinese character "R", and the two open ends of the clamp 30 are fixedly connected with two trapezoidal clamping blocks 27 which are matched with two trapezoidal grooves 26 respectively. By arranging two trapezoidal grooves at the upper end of the threaded section, and arranging two trapezoidal clamping blocks at the two ends of the clamp, when the two trapezoidal clamping blocks of the clamp are embedded into the two trapezoidal grooves, the radial rotation of the screw rod can be limited by the clamp, and the screw rod can be taken out from the small installation space by the clamp.

[0030] The application further provides a use method of the one-way bolt, which comprises the following steps: A1: a mounting screw hole 29 matched with the screw rod 1 is arranged on a to-be-connected component 28; at the same time, the one-way bolt is prepared, the stop block 11 is rotated, the stop block 11 is completely hidden in the horizontal through hole 6 of the light rod section 4, and one end of the chamfered surface 15 is close to one end of the threaded section 3. A2: Insert the one-way bolt into the mounting screw hole 29 from one end of the light rod section 4 until the stop block 11 is close to the end of the threaded section 3 beyond the mounting screw hole 29; A3: Use the center pin 22 or the center rod to pass through the axial through hole 10 to the transverse through hole 6, and push the chamfered surface 15 of the stop block 11 to rotate in the direction away from the light rod section 4 until the chamfered surface 15 is rotated out of the transverse through hole 6; A4: Apply tension through the threaded section 3 to pull the screw rod 1 away from the component to be connected 28, so that the sliding block 14 continues to rotate in the large bar section 8 until the stop block 11 reaches a state perpendicular to the screw rod 1, and under the guidance of the two sliding blocks 14 and the two small bar sections 9, it slides to the end of the vertical sliding groove 7; A5: Fit the locking nut 5 outside the threaded section 3 and tighten the locking nut 5 until the end surface of the stop block 11 is tightly connected with the end surface of the component to be connected 28, completing the connection work of the component to be connected 28.

[0031] The method is convenient and efficient, which can conveniently complete the entire installation process from one side, and can effectively ensure the connection strength.

[0032] As a preferred, in A5, for the one-way bolt that needs to be disassembled, the disassembly process is as follows: B1: Rotate the locking nut 5 to the end of the threaded section 3 and take it out; B2: Push the screw rod 1 towards the light rod section 4 until the length meets the space required for the rotation of the stop block 11; B3: Insert the center pin 22 through the axial through hole 10 to the transverse through hole 6, and rotate the cross rod section 23 so that the cross rod section 23 enters the large groove section through the small groove section of the bar-shaped groove 20, and then rotate the center pin 22 by 90 degrees to make the cross rod section 23 limit with the large groove section; B4: Pull the center pin 22 outward to drive the stop block 11 to translate towards the large bar section 8 until the stop block 11 is pulled into the large bar section 8 from the small bar section 9; B5: Continue to pull the center pin 22, under the pulling action of the center pin 22, the stop block 11 translates to the position of the limiting block 21, under the action of the limiting block 21, the stop block 11 begins to rotate, with the continuous pulling action of the center pin 22, the stop block 11 completely hides in the transverse through hole 6, at this time, continue to pull the center rod 22, make the cross rod section 23 separate from the end of the bar-shaped groove 20 in the length direction, and remove the screw rod 1 from the axial through hole 20; B6: Hold the end of the threaded section 3, remove the one-way bolt from the component to be connected 28, and complete the disassembly work of the one-way bolt.

[0033] For the convenience of operation, in A2, first, the two trapezoidal grooves 26 at the end of the threaded section 3 are clamped by the clamp 30, and then the one-way bolt is inserted into the mounting screw hole 29 from one end of the polished rod section 4 by the clamp 30.

[0034] For the convenience of operation, in B2, first, the two trapezoidal grooves 26 at the end of the threaded section 3 are clamped by the clamp 30, and then the one-way bolt is inserted into the mounting screw hole 29 from one end of the polished rod section 4 by the clamp 30.

[0035] The method is convenient and efficient in implementation, and can realize the recycling of the one-way bolt, which is conducive to the repeated use of the one-way bolt.

[0036] As a preferred, in A5, the installation screw hole 29 is filled with a filling material by pressure injection through the axial through hole 10 to seal the gap, for the one-way bolt which needs to fill the internal and surrounding gap of the bolt with grouting, the discharge pipe of the pressure grouting machine is connected with the locking nut 5, and the grouting material is filled in through the longitudinal through hole 10. The method is convenient and efficient in implementation, and can realize the sealing treatment of the gap around the one-way bolt hole, and realize the requirements of heat preservation, heat insulation and waterproof.

Claims

1. A one-way bolt comprising a lock nut (5), characterized in that, The single-way bolt further comprises a screw rod (1) and a cross arm (2); The screw rod (1) is columnar, with a lower section being a smooth rod section (4) and an upper section being a threaded section (3); The smooth rod section (4) is provided with a transverse through hole (6) extending radially, and two chord columns (22) are formed on the longitudinal sides of the transverse through hole (6); the axial center portions of the two chord columns (22) on the opposite sides are symmetrically provided with two vertical sliding grooves (7), the vertical sliding grooves (7) comprise a large strip-shaped section (8) at the upper part and a small strip-shaped section (9) at the lower part, the cross section of the large strip-shaped section (8) is arc-shaped, and the cross section of the small strip-shaped section (9) is a combination of arc-shaped and rectangular, wherein the arc of the small strip-shaped section (9) and the arc of the large strip-shaped section (8) have the same radius and the same center, and the rectangle of the small strip-shaped section (9) is formed on the inner side of the large strip-shaped section (8); The threaded section (3) is provided with an axial through hole (10) at the axial center, the lower end of the axial through hole (10) is communicated with the top of the transverse through hole (6), and the upper end extends to the upper end of the threaded section (3); the upper end of the threaded section (3) is symmetrically provided with two trapezoidal grooves (26) on the two sides; The cross arm (2) comprises a stop block (11) and a sliding block (14), the stop block (11) is cuboid, and a chamfered surface (15) is formed on one side end of the stop block (11), the size of the stop block (11) is matched with the size of the transverse through hole (6), and the stop block (11) is arranged in the transverse through hole (6); the sliding block (14) is a hemispherical with opposite side edges, the distance between the side edges is matched with the width of the small strip-shaped section (9) of the vertical sliding groove (7), two sliding blocks (14) are correspondingly arranged in the two vertical sliding grooves (7), and are symmetrically arranged in the center regions of the two sides of the stop block (11) in the thickness direction; The lock nut (5) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded section (3) through thread cooperation.

2. A one-way screw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The cross arm (2) further comprises two clamping pieces (12); the center regions of the two sides of the stop block (11) in the thickness direction are throughly provided with a special-shaped through hole (16), the special-shaped through hole (16) comprises a circular hole at the middle part, two strip-shaped holes symmetrically distributed at the outer sides of the two ends of the circular hole and extending along the length direction of the stop block (11); The clamping piece (12) comprises a supporting spring (13) and two sliding clamping seats (17), the sliding clamping seat (17) comprises a short cylindrical section (18) at the center, two strip-shaped sections (19) symmetrically connected at the outer sides of the two ends of the cylindrical section (18), the size of the short cylindrical section (18) is matched with the size of the circular hole, and the size of the strip-shaped section (19) is matched with the size of the strip-shaped hole; the two sliding clamping seats (17) are correspondingly distributed at the two ends of the supporting spring (13), and the opposite sides of the two short cylindrical sections (18) are fixedly connected at the two ends of the supporting spring (13); the clamping piece (12) is arranged in the special-shaped through hole (16), and under the normal support of the supporting spring (13), the outer end faces of the two sliding clamping seats (17) are flush with the two end faces of the stop block (11); The two sliding blocks (14) are symmetrically fixedly connected on the outer end faces of the two short cylindrical sections (18).

3. A one-way screw according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that The one-way bolt further comprises a dismounting unit, the dismounting unit comprises a strip-shaped groove (20) and a limiting block (21), the strip-shaped groove (20) is arranged in the inside of the block (11), and the cross section of the strip-shaped groove (20) is in the shape of a Chinese character Kua; The limiting block (21) is arranged on the inside of the one side end of the transverse through hole (6), and the limiting block (21) is arranged in the middle segment area of the large strip-shaped segment (8); the two ends of the limiting block (21) are fixedly connected with the two chordal columns (22).

4. The one-way bolt of claim 1, wherein The one-way bolt further comprises a ejector pin (31); The ejector pin (31) comprises a horizontal rod segment (23), a straight rod segment (24) and a curved segment (25); the length of the horizontal rod segment (23) is matched with the length of the large groove segment of the strip-shaped groove (20), the width of the horizontal rod segment (23) is matched with the width of the small groove segment of the strip-shaped groove (20), the lower end of the straight rod segment (24) is perpendicularly connected with the central area of the horizontal rod segment (23), and the size of the straight rod segment (24) is matched with the size of the axial through hole (10) and the small groove segment of the strip-shaped groove (20), and the curved segment (25) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the straight rod segment (24).

5. A one-way screw according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The one-way bolt further comprises a clamp (30); The clamp (30) is made of an elastic rod body which is folded at the middle part, and the clamp (30) is in the shape of a Chinese character Qie; the two end parts of the two opening ends of the clamp (30) are fixedly connected with two trapezoidal clamping blocks (27) which are opposite to each other; the two trapezoidal clamping blocks (27) are matched with two trapezoidal grooves (26) respectively.

6. A method of using a one-way screw, using a one-way screw according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A1: a mounting screw hole (29) which is matched with the screw rod (1) is arranged on the to-be-connected assembly (28); meanwhile, the one-way bolt is prepared, and the block (11) is rotated so that the block (11) is completely hidden in the transverse through hole (6) of the light rod segment (4), and the one end of the chamfered surface (15) is close to the one end of the threaded segment (3); A2: the one-way bolt is inserted into the mounting screw hole (29) from the one end of the light rod segment (4) until the one end of the block (11) which is close to the threaded segment (3) passes the mounting screw hole (29); A3: the ejector pin (31) or the ejector rod is inserted into the axial through hole (10) and then is inserted into the transverse through hole (6), and the chamfered surface (15) of the block (11) is pushed to rotate in the direction away from the light rod segment (4) until the chamfered surface (15) is rotated out of the transverse through hole (6); A4: the screw rod (1) is pulled in the direction away from the to-be-connected assembly (28) by the tension of the threaded segment (3), so that the sliding blocks (14) continue to rotate in the large strip-shaped segment (8) until the block (11) reaches the state of being perpendicular to the screw rod (1), and the sliding blocks (14) slide to the end part of the vertical sliding groove (7) under the guidance of the two sliding blocks (14) and the two small strip-shaped segments (9). A5: The locking nut (5) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded section (3), and the locking nut (5) is tightened until the end face of the stop block (11) is tightly connected with the end face of the to-be-connected assembly (28), and the connection work of the to-be-connected assembly (28) is completed.

7. The method of using a one-way bolt of claim 6, wherein, In A5, for the one-way bolt that needs to be disassembled, the disassembly process is as follows: B1: The locking nut (5) is screwed to the end of the threaded section (3) and taken out; B2: Push the screw rod (1) towards the light rod section (4) until the length of the push meets the space required for the rotation of the stop block (11); B3: The plunger (31) is inserted into the transverse through hole (6) through the axial through hole (10), and the transverse rod section (23) is rotated to make the transverse rod section (23) enter the large groove section through the small groove section of the strip-shaped groove (20), and then the plunger is rotated by 90 degrees to make the transverse rod section (23) limit with the large groove section; B4: Pull the plunger (31) outward to drive the stop block (11) to translate towards the large strip-shaped section (8) until the stop block (11) is pulled from the small strip-shaped section (9) to the large strip-shaped section (8); B5: Continue to pull the plunger (31) outward, under the pulling action of the plunger (31), the stop block (11) translates to the position of the limiting stop block (21), under the action of the limiting stop block (21), the stop block (11) starts to rotate, with the continuous pulling action of the plunger (31), the stop block (11) completely hides in the transverse through hole (6), at this time, continue to pull the plunger (31) to make the transverse rod section (23) separate from the end of the strip-shaped groove (20) in the length direction, and the screw rod (1) is removed from the axial through hole (20); B6: Clamping the end of the threaded section (3), the one-way bolt is removed from the to-be-connected assembly (28), and the disassembly work of the one-way bolt is completed.

8. The method of using a one-way bolt of claim 6, wherein, In A2, first, the two trapezoidal grooves (26) at the end of the threaded section (3) are clamped by the clamp (30), and then the one-way bolt is inserted into or disassembled from the mounting screw hole (29) by the clamp (30).

9. The method of using a one-way bolt of claim 7, wherein, In B2, first, the two trapezoidal grooves (26) at the end of the threaded section (3) are clamped by the clamp (30), and then the one-way bolt is inserted into or disassembled from the mounting screw hole (29) by the clamp (30).

10. The method of using a one-way bolt of claim 6, wherein, In A5, the axial through hole (10) is used to pressurize the mounting screw hole (29) to fill the gap with the material.

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