Dissolving heat absorbing refrigeration device, thermal management device, control method thereof, and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to the energy storage field, and provides a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, a thermal management equipment, a control method thereof and an energy storage system.The device comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening is used for communicating with a water supply equipment; an electrically-controlled condenser is located at the second opening; a first heat exchanger is located in the shell, the inlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth opening; a nitrate salt solvent is stored in the shell, the nitrate salt solvent immerses the first heat exchanger and the liquid level is a first liquid level value, in the case that water is supplied to the shell and the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat; in the case that water supply to the shell is stopped and the electrically-controlled condenser is started, water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell drops to the first liquid level value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to a solution heat absorption refrigeration device, thermal management device, control method and energy storage system for an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rise of the new energy industry, the energy storage battery market is growing rapidly, and the importance of battery thermal management systems is increasing daily. Currently, most energy storage systems use liquid cooling for thermal management. Liquid cooling uses liquid as the cooling medium, with a separate compression refrigeration unit matching the system. The refrigerant and liquid exchange heat through a heat exchanger, cooling the liquid, which is then introduced into the battery liquid cooling system. However, compression refrigeration units are greatly affected by ambient temperature; their cooling capacity decreases significantly under high-temperature conditions, affecting the cooling effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a solution heat absorption refrigeration device, thermal management device, control method and energy storage system for energy storage equipment, which at least solves the problem that the compression refrigeration equipment in the existing liquid cooling system is greatly affected by the ambient temperature and has poor environmental adaptability.

[0004] According to some embodiments of this application, one aspect of this application provides a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for an energy storage device, comprising: a shell, wherein the shell has a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening being for communication with a water supply device; an electrically controlled concentrator located at the second opening; a first heat exchanger located inside the shell, the inlet of the first heat exchanger being connected to the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger being connected to the fourth opening; the shell contains nitrate solvent, the nitrate solvent immersing the first heat exchanger at a first liquid level value; when water is supplied to the shell and the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate reacts with water to absorb heat; when the water supply to the shell is stopped and the electrically controlled concentrator is turned on, the water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell drops to the first liquid level value.

[0005] In some embodiments, the nitrate solvent comprises ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, wherein the content of ammonium nitrate is 60% to 80% and the content of sodium nitrate is 20% to 40%.

[0006] In some embodiments, the electrically controlled condenser is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, the housing is a housing with an opening on the top surface, and the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is located on the top surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the housing further has a bottom surface opposite the top surface, the distance between the first heat exchanger and the bottom surface is less than the distance between the first heat exchanger and the top surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device further includes: a liquid level sensor located on the bottom surface inside the housing, the liquid level sensor being used to detect the liquid level inside the housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the housing further has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, and a fifth opening is provided on the housing. The distance between the fifth opening and the top surface is less than the distance between the fifth opening and the bottom surface. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further includes an exhaust valve located at the fifth opening, through which the water vapor formed by evaporation is discharged to the outside of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the melting heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further includes: a heat insulation material layer located on the outer surface of the housing.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger is a serpentine tube heat exchanger.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, another aspect of this application provides a thermal management device, including: a valve group including a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and a fifth valve; a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for any of the above-described energy storage devices, wherein a first opening of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is used to communicate with a water supply device, and the third valve is located on the pipeline between the first opening and the water supply device; a liquid cooling device including a second heat exchanger and a liquid cooling plate, wherein the second heat exchanger includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, the coolant inlet is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate through the first valve, the outlet of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device sequentially through the second valve and the fifth valve, the coolant outlet is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger through the fifth valve, the coolant outlet is also connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate through the fourth valve, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger further includes a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further includes: a pump set located on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate and the inlet of the second heat exchanger; and a compression refrigeration device, the outlet of which is connected to the refrigerant inlet and the inlet of which is connected to the refrigerant outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water supply device is a dehumidifier of an energy storage device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, another aspect of this application provides a control method for the aforementioned thermal management device, wherein the liquid cooling plate of the thermal management device is used to contact an energy storage device, the method comprising: acquiring the liquid level in the housing of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the operating stage of the energy storage device, and the state of charge of the energy storage device, wherein the operating stage includes a charging stage and a discharging stage; controlling the opening and closing state of the valve group at least according to the liquid level, the operating stage, and the state of charge, such that the coolant in the thermal management device returns to the liquid cooling plate via one of the following to cool the coolant: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, or the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

[0016] In some embodiments, the switching state of the valve group is controlled at least based on the liquid level, the operating stage, and the state of charge, including: when a predetermined condition is met, controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to open and controlling the first valve and the fourth valve to close, so as to supply water to the housing and allow the coolant to return to the liquid cooling plate via the first heat exchanger, the predetermined condition including the liquid level in the housing being less than the second liquid level value, the operating stage being the charging stage, and the state of charge being less than or equal to a first value; when the predetermined condition is not met, at least the first valve is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate at least via the second heat exchanger.

[0017] In some embodiments, if the predetermined conditions are not met, at least the first valve is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate at least via the second heat exchanger. This includes: when the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first value, controlling the first valve and the fourth valve to open and controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger; when the operating phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the operating phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, controlling at least the first valve and the fourth valve to open and controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger; when the state of charge is greater than the second value, controlling at least the first valve and the fourth valve to open and controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger.

[0018] In some embodiments, when the operating phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the operating phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger, including: when the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value; or when the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the discharging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value. In the case of the second value, the first valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate sequentially through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger; when the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the discharging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger, including: when the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, controlling the first valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to open, and controlling the second valve and the fourth valve to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate after passing through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in sequence; and when the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, controlling the first valve and the fourth valve to open, and controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate after passing through the second heat exchanger.

[0020] In some embodiments, the charging phase is a period of time during the day, and the discharging phase is a period of time at night. The method further includes: when the current time is daytime and the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, controlling the electrically controlled concentrator of the dissolution heat absorption cooling device to turn on and controlling the third valve to close, so as to evaporate the water in the housing; when the liquid level in the housing is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the housing is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve is open, or when the current time is nighttime, controlling the electrically controlled concentrator to turn off.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first value is less than or equal to 10%, and the second value is 90% to 95%.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, another aspect of this application provides an energy storage system, including: an energy storage device; any of the aforementioned thermal management devices; and a control device for the thermal management device, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a control method for performing any of the aforementioned thermal management devices.

[0023] In some embodiments, the energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, which further includes a photovoltaic power station electrically connected to the energy storage device, and the photovoltaic power station is used to charge the energy storage device during the day.

[0024] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages: This application provides a device for cooling an energy storage device using the principle of solution endothermic reaction. The device contains nitrate solvent in its casing, which immerses a first heat exchanger. By supplying water to the casing, the nitrate reacts with water to absorb heat, thereby cooling the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger. An electrically controlled concentrator is installed on the casing. By turning on the electrically controlled concentrator, light is focused onto the nitrate mixture solution inside the casing, which evaporates the water in the mixture solution and restores the nitrate solvent. Since the reaction process of nitrate is basically unaffected by ambient temperature and has strong environmental adaptability, this solution endothermic refrigeration device can achieve both cyclic refrigeration and avoid the problem of unstable cooling capacity caused by poor environmental adaptability, thus ensuring a good cooling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the drawings in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or in the conventional art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solution-endothermic refrigeration device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a thermal management device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of an energy storage system provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] The accompanying drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0031] 10. Housing; 11. Water supply pipe; 12. Electrically controlled concentrator; 13. First heat exchanger; 14. Liquid level sensor; 15. Exhaust valve; 20. First valve; 21. Second valve; 22. Third valve; 23. Fourth valve; 24. Fifth valve; 25. Second heat exchanger; 26. Liquid cooling plate; 27. Pump set; 28. Compression refrigeration equipment; 29. ​​Dehumidifier; 30. Industrial water supply equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0032] As can be seen from the background technology, the compression refrigeration equipment in the current liquid cooling system is greatly affected by the ambient temperature. Under high temperature conditions, the cooling capacity will be significantly reduced, and the environmental adaptability is poor.

[0033] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a solution-based heat absorption and cooling device for an energy storage equipment, comprising: a housing with a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening, the first opening being for communication with a water supply device; an electrically controlled concentrator located at the second opening; a first heat exchanger located within the housing, the inlet of the first heat exchanger being connected to the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger being connected to the fourth opening; the housing contains nitrate solvent, the nitrate solvent immersing the first heat exchanger at a first liquid level value; when water is supplied to the housing and the liquid level in the housing is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate reacts with water to absorb heat; when water supply to the housing is stopped and the electrically controlled concentrator is turned on, the water in the housing evaporates until the liquid level in the housing drops to the first liquid level value.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0035] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of this application, the thickness and area of ​​the layers are enlarged for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or there may be a third component between the two components. Conversely, when describing a component on the surface of another component, or when another component is formed or disposed on the surface of a component, it indicates that there is no third component between the two components. Furthermore, when describing a component as being "generally" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a portion of the edge of the entire surface.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, when a component "includes" another component, other components are not excluded unless otherwise stated, and other components may be further included. Furthermore, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located" on another component, it can be "directly on" the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them), or it can have another component present in between. Moreover, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located" on another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it indicates that no other components are located in between.

[0042] The terminology used in the description of the various embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, the term "part" is also intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Components include layers, films, regions, or plates, etc.

[0043] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this application to facilitate a better understanding of the application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0044] One embodiment of this application provides a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for energy storage equipment. Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a melting heat absorption refrigeration device for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device includes a solution-absorbing heat refrigeration unit comprising:

[0045] The housing 10 has a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening being used to communicate with a water supply device;

[0046] Optionally, the housing 10 can be a regularly shaped housing 10, for example, the housing 10 can be a cabinet; the housing 10 can also be an irregularly shaped housing 10. The housing 10 has an accommodating space, and the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, and the fourth opening respectively penetrate from the outer surface of the housing 10 into the interior of the housing 10. The four openings are spaced apart. Figure 1 As shown, a water supply pipe 11 is provided at the first opening, and the water supply pipe 11 is connected to the water supply equipment.

[0047] The electrically controlled concentrator 12 is located at the second opening;

[0048] In other words, the second opening is used to install the electrically controlled concentrator 12. The concentrator 12 can be turned on or off electrically to control whether the light is focused or not.

[0049] The first heat exchanger 13 is located inside the housing 10. The inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the fourth opening.

[0050] Specifically, the first heat exchanger 13 is located within the housing space of the shell 10, the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 can communicate with the outside of the shell 10 through the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 can communicate with the outside of the shell 10 through the fourth opening.

[0051] The shell 10 contains nitrate solvent, which submerges the first heat exchanger 13 at a first level. When water is supplied to the shell 10 and the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than or equal to a second level, the nitrate reacts with the water, absorbing heat. When the water supply to the shell 10 is stopped and the electrically controlled concentrator 12 is turned on, the water in the shell 10 evaporates until the liquid level in the shell 10 drops to the first level.

[0052] Specifically, the second liquid level is greater than the first liquid level. Optionally, the nitrate solvent includes nitrate and water. When the liquid level is the first liquid level, the nitrate solvent is in a supersaturated state, meaning the nitrate concentration exceeds its solubility in water. During the process of supplying water to the shell 10 and the liquid level inside the shell 10 being less than or equal to the second liquid level, the nitrate in the nitrate solvent dissolves in the water. The dissolution process is endothermic, and the coolant can flow into the first heat exchanger 13 through the inlet and out of the first heat exchanger 13 through the outlet, exchanging heat with the mixed solution inside the shell 10. When the liquid level inside the shell 10 reaches the second liquid level, the mixed solution inside the shell 10 reaches a saturated state. During the evaporation of water inside the shell 10, some of the nitrate in the mixed solution gradually precipitates from the water until the liquid level drops to the first liquid level, at which point the nitrate solvent returns to a supersaturated state.

[0053] The above embodiment provides a device for cooling an energy storage device using the principle of endothermic reaction. The device's casing 10 stores nitrate solvent, which immerses a first heat exchanger 13. By supplying water to the casing 10, the nitrate reacts with the water, absorbing heat and cooling the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger 13. An electrically controlled concentrator 12 is installed on the casing 10. By activating the concentrator 12, light is focused onto the nitrate mixture solution within the casing 10, evaporating the water from the mixture and restoring the nitrate solvent. Since the reaction process of nitrate is largely unaffected by ambient temperature and exhibits strong environmental adaptability, this endothermic reaction cooling device can achieve both cyclic cooling and avoids the problem of unstable cooling capacity caused by poor environmental adaptability, ensuring a good cooling effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the amount of water required for the nitrate solvent inside the shell 10 to completely dissolve is (second liquid level value - first liquid level value). When the liquid level inside the shell 10 is greater than the second liquid level value, the nitrate mixture is in an unsaturated state, and the nitrate no longer dissolves endothermically.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the first liquid level can be 20 mm above the first heat exchanger 13. The control error between the first liquid level and the second liquid level can be ±5 mm.

[0056] The solution-endothermic refrigeration device of this application achieves efficient cooling of the energy storage device through the endothermic reaction of nitrate solvent with water and the heat release mechanism of evaporation by the electrically controlled concentrator 12. This process not only utilizes the endothermic characteristics of chemical reactions but also combines the natural advantages of solar energy, requiring no additional energy consumption and reducing cooling costs.

[0057] In some embodiments, the nitrate solvent comprises ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, wherein the content of ammonium nitrate is 60%–80%, and the content of sodium nitrate is 20%–40%. For example, the content of ammonium nitrate can be 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, or 80%, and the content of sodium nitrate can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%, etc. This proportion of nitrate solvent can further ensure that the nitrate solvent generates a large endothermic effect during dissolution, and can also ensure the stability of the nitrate solvent under high-temperature environments, avoiding the risk of high-temperature deterioration of the nitrate solvent under light. At the same time, the use of this solvent does not produce harmful substances and is environmentally friendly.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, the nitrate solvent is composed of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate. In this embodiment, considering that pure ammonium nitrate will decompose and deteriorate at 169°C, adding 30% sodium nitrate will raise the decomposition and deterioration temperature to above 200°C, thus avoiding the risk of high-temperature deterioration of the solution under light. Therefore, the solvent in the shell 10 is set as a mixed solution of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate.

[0059] According to other embodiments of this application, the electrically controlled concentrator 12 is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, and the housing 10 is a housing 10 with an opening on the top surface, with the electrically controlled Fresnel lens located on the top surface. In this embodiment, the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is positioned at the opening on the top surface of the housing 10. Through its high-efficiency optical focusing capability, it can concentrate sunlight onto a specific area inside the housing 10, accelerating the evaporation of moisture and achieving rapid repositioning of the nitrate solvent. Furthermore, the Fresnel lens also features low production cost, thinness, wind pressure resistance, and high weather resistance, making it suitable for applications in harsh weather conditions.

[0060] For example, the top surface of the housing 10 is open on one entire surface to house the electrically controlled Fresnel lens. In other embodiments, a portion of the top surface of the housing 10 is open to house the electrically controlled Fresnel lens.

[0061] In addition to the Fresnel lens described above, in other embodiments, the electrically controlled condenser 12 can also be a curved mirror or a microlens array.

[0062] In some embodiments, the housing 10 further has a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and the distance between the first heat exchanger 13 and the bottom surface is less than the distance between the first heat exchanger 13 and the top surface. The dissolution endothermic refrigeration device further includes a liquid level sensor 14 located on the bottom surface inside the housing 10, which is used to detect the liquid level inside the housing 10. In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 13 is located at the bottom of the housing 10, and the nitrate solvent is immersed in the first heat exchanger 13 located at the bottom of the housing 10. Through the focusing effect of the electrically controlled Fresnel lens located at the top of the housing 10, light can be efficiently and quickly focused onto the nitrate solvent at the bottom of the housing 10. Real-time monitoring of the liquid level inside the housing 10 can be achieved by the liquid level sensor 14 located on the bottom surface of the housing 10.

[0063] In another alternative embodiment, the housing 10 further has a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and a fifth opening is provided on the housing 10. The distance between the fifth opening and the top surface is less than the distance between the fifth opening and the bottom surface. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further includes an exhaust valve 15 located at the fifth opening, through which the water vapor generated by evaporation is discharged to the outside of the housing 10. In this embodiment, the fifth opening is provided near the top surface of the housing 10, and the exhaust valve 15 is configured at the fifth opening to ensure that the water vapor generated by evaporation inside the housing 10 can be discharged from the housing 10 in a timely manner, preventing excessive pressure inside the housing 10 from affecting the cooling effect and the safety of the device.

[0064] The proper configuration of the exhaust valve 15 in the described embodiment ensures the safe operation of the dissolution-endothermic refrigeration device. During the process of the electrically controlled concentrator 12 accelerating water evaporation, the generated water vapor needs to be discharged promptly through the exhaust valve 15 to prevent pressure buildup within the casing 10 and ensure the stability and safety of the device. Furthermore, the opening degree of the exhaust valve 15 can be controlled according to the evaporation status to automatically adjust the exhaust rate.

[0065] In specific applications, the distance between the first opening and the top surface is greater than the distance between the first opening and the bottom surface. In other words, the first opening is located close to the bottom surface of the housing 10 to facilitate the addition of water to the nitrate solvent.

[0066] In some embodiments, the heat absorption cooling device of the energy storage device further includes an insulation material layer located on the outer surface of the housing 10. The configuration of the insulation material layer can effectively reduce heat exchange between the inside and outside of the housing 10, maintain the stability of the temperature inside the housing 10, and further avoid the impact of external ambient temperature fluctuations on the internal cooling effect of the heat absorption cooling device.

[0067] According to some embodiments of this application, the first heat exchanger 13 is a serpentine tube heat exchanger. The use of a serpentine tube heat exchanger can increase the contact area between the coolant and the nitrate solvent in the first heat exchanger 13, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and thus more effectively reduce the temperature of the coolant in the first heat exchanger 13.

[0068] In other embodiments, the dissolution heat absorption cooling device of the energy storage device further includes a solar tracker located at the second opening. The solar tracker includes a bracket, a motor, an angle sensor, and a controller. The bracket is mechanically connected to the electrically controlled concentrator 12. The motor is used to move and drive the bracket to rotate. The angle sensor is used to detect the angle data of the electrically controlled concentrator 12. The controller calculates the real-time solar position information through the built-in GPS (Global Positioning System) and time information, and then adjusts the movement of the motor in combination with the angle data fed back by the angle sensor. This causes the electrically controlled concentrator 12 to rotate through the bracket, ensuring that the focal point of the electrically controlled concentrator 12 maintains the best photothermal conversion efficiency with the solution inside the housing 10.

[0069] In other embodiments, the heat absorption and cooling device of the energy storage device may further include an electric heater located inside the housing 10, at the bottom of the housing 10 or around the nitrate solvent in the housing 10. In this way, under insufficient light conditions (such as at night or on a cloudy day), the electric heater can operate to heat the solution inside the housing 10, promoting the evaporation of water in the solution and helping the solution return from a saturated state to a supersaturated state.

[0070] Another embodiment of this application provides a thermal management device. Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of a thermal management device according to an embodiment of this application is shown, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management device of this application includes:

[0071] The valve group includes a first valve 20, a second valve 21, a third valve 22, a fourth valve 23, and a fifth valve 24;

[0072] Specifically, the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23, and the fifth valve 24 are used to control the flow path of the coolant. Optionally, the valve types of the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23, and the fifth valve 24 can be the same or different. For example, the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23, and the fifth valve 24 can all be solenoid valves.

[0073] The energy storage device has a first opening for connecting to a water supply device, and the third valve 22 is located on the pipeline between the first opening and the water supply device.

[0074] Specifically, by controlling the opening and closing of the third valve 22, water can be supplied to or not supplied to the housing 10 of the melting heat absorption refrigeration device.

[0075] The liquid cooling device includes a second heat exchanger 25 and a liquid cooling plate 26. The second heat exchanger 25 includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The coolant inlet is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 through a first valve 20. The outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device through a second valve 21 and a fifth valve 24 in sequence. The coolant outlet is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 through the fifth valve 24. The coolant outlet is also connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 through a fourth valve 23. The outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26.

[0076] Specifically, the first end of the first valve 20 is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26, the second end of the first valve 20 is connected to the coolant inlet, the first end of the second valve 21 is connected to both the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the first end of the first valve 20, the second end of the second valve 21 is connected to the coolant outlet, the first end of the fifth valve 24 and the first end of the fourth valve 23, the second end of the fifth valve 24 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13, and the second end of the fourth valve 23 is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26.

[0077] In the thermal management device of the described embodiment, a dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device is connected to a liquid cooling device, and multiple valves are installed on the connecting pipeline between the two. By controlling the opening and closing of these valves, three coolant circulation paths can be achieved: coolant circulating only in the first heat exchanger 13, coolant circulating only in the second heat exchanger 25, and coolant circulating in both the first and second heat exchangers 13 and 25. The introduction of the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device alleviates the thermal management pressure on the liquid cooling device, reduces its operating time and power consumption, and ensures the overall cooling effect of the thermal management device. Furthermore, since the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device is largely unaffected by ambient temperature, the combined use of the liquid cooling device and the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device makes the entire thermal management device highly adaptable to the environment.

[0078] In this application, the thermal management device is applied to an energy storage device, and the liquid cooling plate 26 is in contact with the energy storage device. Specifically, the liquid cooling plate 26 is in contact with the top or bottom surface of each battery in the energy storage device.

[0079] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger 25 further includes a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further includes: a pump assembly 27 located on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25; and a compression refrigeration device 28, the outlet of which is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the inlet of which is connected to the refrigerant outlet. The pump assembly 27, located on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25, is used to drive the circulation of the coolant. The compression refrigeration device 28 is used to provide cooling capacity when needed, cooling the coolant flowing between the coolant inlet and coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 to ensure that the temperature of the coolant can be stabilized within the required range.

[0080] Because the compression refrigeration equipment 28 is greatly affected by the environment, its cooling capacity will decrease significantly under high temperature conditions. In contrast, the dissolution endothermic refrigeration device is basically unaffected by the ambient temperature. By introducing a dissolution endothermic refrigeration device on the basis of the liquid cooling device, the combination of the two can further improve the environmental adaptability of the entire thermal management equipment.

[0081] In some embodiments, the water supply device is a dehumidifier 29 of an energy storage device. Since the dehumidifier produces a certain amount of condensate during operation, reusing this water in the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device reduces the waste of energy and water resources, saves water resources, and helps reduce the pressure on water resources during the operation of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device.

[0082] Of course, in addition to the dehumidifier described above, in other exemplary embodiments, the water supply equipment may also be an industrial water supply equipment 30.

[0083] In other exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the water supply equipment includes a dehumidifier 29 and an industrial water supply equipment 30.

[0084] In practical applications, those skilled in the art can choose any suitable type of heat exchanger as the second heat exchanger 25. According to one embodiment of this application, the second heat exchanger 25 is a plate heat exchanger. Plate heat exchangers, through their structural characteristics, can provide a larger heat exchange area for the stored coolant, improving heat exchange efficiency and enabling the coolant to rapidly reduce its temperature under high heat load conditions, thus ensuring the cooling requirements of the energy storage device under extreme operating conditions.

[0085] In another aspect, this application provides a control method for the aforementioned thermal management device, wherein the liquid cooling plate 26 of the thermal management device is used to contact the energy storage device. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a control method for a thermal management device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0086] Step S201: Obtain the liquid level inside the shell 10 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the working stage of the energy storage device, and the state of charge of the energy storage device. The working stage includes a charging stage and a discharging stage.

[0087] Specifically, the liquid level can be obtained by a liquid level sensor installed inside the housing 10 of the melting endothermic refrigeration device.

[0088] Step S202: Based at least on the liquid level, the working stage, and the state of charge, control the opening and closing state of the valve group so that the coolant in the thermal management device returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via one of the following to cool the coolant: the first heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 25, or the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25.

[0089] Specifically, when the coolant in the thermal management device flows through the first heat exchanger 13 and back to the liquid cooling plate 26, the thermal management device cools the energy storage device through the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device; when the coolant in the thermal management device flows through the second heat exchanger 25 and back to the liquid cooling plate 26, the thermal management device cools the energy storage device through the liquid cooling device; when the coolant in the thermal management device flows through both the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25 and back to the liquid cooling plate 26, the thermal management device cools the energy storage device through both the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the liquid cooling device.

[0090] In this embodiment, the liquid level inside the housing 10 of the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device, the operating stage of the energy storage device, and its state of charge are first obtained. Based on this information, the opening and closing states of the valve group are controlled, thereby controlling the coolant flow through the first heat exchanger 13 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, or through the second heat exchanger 25 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, or through both the first and second heat exchangers 13 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, thus achieving cooling of the energy storage device. This application, by monitoring the liquid level inside the housing 10, the operating stage of the energy storage device, and its state of charge, intelligently adjusts the opening and closing states of the valve group, achieving flexible circulation of the coolant between the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device and the liquid cooling device, ensuring that the coolant can select the most suitable flow path according to actual cooling needs.

[0091] In some embodiments, the switching state of the valve group is controlled at least according to the liquid level, the working stage, and the state of charge, including: when a predetermined condition is met, controlling the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 to open and controlling the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 to close, so as to supply water to the housing 10 and allow the coolant to return to the liquid cooling plate 26 via the first heat exchanger 13, wherein the predetermined condition includes the liquid level in the housing 10 being less than the second liquid level value, the working stage being the charging stage, and the state of charge being less than or equal to a first value; when the predetermined condition is not met, at least the first valve 20 is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via at least the second heat exchanger 25.

[0092] In the aforementioned embodiment, if the liquid level inside the housing 10 is lower than the second liquid level value, it indicates that the solution inside the housing 10 has not yet reached saturation. Adding water to the housing 10 will still allow the nitrate to dissolve and absorb heat, meaning the dissolution-endothermic refrigeration device possesses cooling capacity at this time. When the energy storage device is in the charging phase and has a low state of charge, the energy storage device generates less heat. At this time, the second, third, and fifth valves 24 are opened, while other valves are kept closed. This allows the thermal management device to cool the energy storage device solely through the dissolution-endothermic refrigeration device, ensuring good cooling while avoiding the high power consumption problem caused by the operation of the liquid cooling device. If the predetermined conditions are not met, the on / off state of the valve group is controlled to ensure that the thermal management device cools the energy storage device at least through the liquid cooling device, guaranteeing safe, efficient operation and a long service life for the energy storage device.

[0093] In practical applications, the first value can be set to a relatively small value. In one exemplary scheme, the first value is set to be less than or equal to 10%. This setting ensures that when the state of charge of the energy storage device is low and the heat release of the energy storage device is low, the melting and heat absorption cooling device can be activated first to provide cooling capacity, thereby further reducing the overall power consumption of the thermal management device.

[0094] In some embodiments, if the predetermined conditions are not met, at least the first valve 20 is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 at least via the second heat exchanger 25. This includes: when the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first value, controlling the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 to open and controlling the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25; when the operating phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value. If the value is greater than the first value, or if the working stage is the discharge stage and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to open and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25; if the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to open and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25.

[0095] In the aforementioned embodiment, when the liquid level within the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, it indicates that the solution within the housing 10 has reached a saturated or unsaturated state. In this case, the dissolution-endothermic cooling device lacks cooling capacity. When the dissolution-endothermic cooling device lacks cooling capacity, and the energy storage device is in the charging phase with a low state of charge, the first and fourth valves 23 are opened while other valves remain closed. This ensures that the thermal management device cools the energy storage device solely through the liquid cooling device, thereby guaranteeing good heat dissipation for the energy storage device. Conversely, when the energy storage device is in the charging phase with a high state of charge, or in the discharging phase with a state of charge not exceeding the second value, at least the first and fourth valves 23 are opened while other valves remain closed. This ensures that the thermal management device cools the energy storage device at least through the liquid cooling device, thereby managing the energy storage device's thermal performance and preventing excessive temperature rise that could affect its normal function and lifespan.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the second value according to the actual situation. In one embodiment, the second value is 90% to 95%, for example, the second value can be 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, or 95%. Since the cooling effect of the liquid cooling device is better than that of the melting heat absorption refrigeration device, by setting the second value to the range, it is ensured that when the state of charge of the energy storage device is high and the heat dissipation of the energy storage device is large, it can be cooled at least through the second heat exchanger 25, further ensuring a good heat dissipation and cooling effect on the energy storage device.

[0097] In one exemplary embodiment, when the operating phase is the charging phase and the state of charge (SBC) is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the operating phase is the discharging phase and the SBC is less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to open, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25. This includes situations where the liquid level in the housing 10 is less than the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the charging phase, and the SBC is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value; or situations where the liquid level in the housing 10 is less than the second liquid level value, the operating phase is the discharging phase, and the SBC is less than or equal to the second value. Under the following conditions, the first valve 20, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are opened, and the second valve 21 and the fourth valve 23 are closed, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25 and the first heat exchanger 13 in sequence; when the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the discharging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are opened, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are closed, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25.

[0098] In the aforementioned embodiment, when the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge (SOC) is no greater than the second value but greater than the first value, or when the working phase is the charging phase and the SOC is no greater than the second value, if the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device has cooling capacity, water is added to the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device by controlling the opening and closing of the valve group. The coolant is then controlled to sequentially pass through the liquid cooling device and the dissolution heat-absorbing device before returning to the liquid cooling plate 26. The dissolution heat-absorbing device can compensate for the insufficient cooling capacity of the compression refrigeration equipment 28 of the liquid cooling device, further ensuring a better cooling effect on the coolant. This further ensures that the coolant can remove more heat through heat exchange with the energy storage device at the liquid cooling plate 26, further ensuring a better cooling effect on the energy storage device. As the amount of water added to the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device increases, after the liquid level reaches the second level value, the dissolution heat-absorbing refrigeration device no longer has cooling capacity. At this time, the opening and closing state of the valve group is changed, allowing the thermal management device to cool the coolant through the liquid cooling device. When the SOC is greater than the second value, it indicates that the energy storage device is in the later stages of charging and discharging. At this time, at least the liquid cooling device is used for thermal management of the energy storage device. This not only meets the cooling requirements of energy storage devices under different operating conditions, but also ensures the efficient operation of thermal management devices, further guaranteeing the high cooling efficiency of thermal management devices.

[0099] In some embodiments, when the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to open, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 via the second heat exchanger 25. This includes: when the liquid level in the housing 10 is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, controlling the first valve 20, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 to open, and controlling the second valve 21 and the fourth valve 23 to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 after passing through the second heat exchanger 25 and the first heat exchanger 13 in sequence; and when the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, controlling the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 to open, and controlling the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate 26 after passing through the second heat exchanger 25. This technical solution determines whether the dissolution heat absorption cooling device has cooling capacity by measuring the liquid level within the casing 10. When the dissolution heat absorption cooling device has cooling capacity and the state of charge is greater than a second value, the energy storage device is cooled jointly by the dissolution heat absorption cooling device and the liquid cooling device. When the dissolution heat absorption cooling device does not have cooling capacity but the state of charge is greater than the second value, the energy storage device is cooled solely by the liquid cooling device. This solution can meet the cooling requirements of the energy storage device under different operating conditions while ensuring the efficient operation of the thermal management equipment.

[0100] According to some alternative embodiments of this application, the charging phase is a period of time during the day, and the discharging phase is a period of time during the night. The method further includes: when the current time is daytime and the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, controlling the electrically controlled concentrator 12 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device to open and controlling the third valve 22 to close, so as to evaporate the water in the housing 10; when the liquid level in the housing 10 is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve 22 is open, or when the current time is nighttime, controlling the electrically controlled concentrator 12 to close. When the current time is daytime and the liquid level in the housing 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the reset condition for the nitrate solvent in the housing 10 is met. At this time, by opening the electrically controlled concentrator 12 and stopping the addition of water to the housing 10, the nitrate solvent in the housing 10 is reset, and the reset dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device regains its cooling capacity. If the liquid level inside the housing 10 is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, it indicates that the nitrate solvent inside the housing 10 has reached a supersaturated state, and the reset is complete. Since it is nighttime, there is no sunlight to continue the reset of the nitrate solvent inside the housing 10, and the electrically controlled concentrator 12 is turned off. This scheme achieves automatic reset control of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, improving the environmental adaptability and economy of the thermal management equipment.

[0101] According to some alternative solutions, the method of this application can also combine weather forecast data to predict light intensity and duration, and plan in advance the solution reset and dissolution heat absorption period of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device. In other embodiments, the thermal management device may also include an electric heater. The method uses machine learning or artificial intelligence technology to predict the heat release of the energy storage device throughout the day; with the goal of minimizing the total energy consumption of the thermal management device, the method uses the temperature threshold requirement of the energy storage device and the solvent reset time of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device as constraints to establish objective functions for heat release, working period of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, cooling capacity of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, working period of the liquid cooling device, and cooling capacity of the liquid cooling device. The method calculates the working period of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the working period of the liquid cooling device corresponding to the minimum total energy consumption, thereby minimizing the energy consumption of the entire thermal management device and maximizing its thermal management efficiency.

[0102] Another aspect of this application embodiment also provides an energy storage system, including:

[0103] Energy storage devices;

[0104] Any of the aforementioned thermal management devices;

[0105] The control device of the thermal management device includes one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a control method for performing any one of the thermal management devices.

[0106] In the aforementioned embodiments, the energy storage system includes the thermal management device, and the operation of the thermal management device is controlled by the described control method to perform thermal management of the energy storage device. This method, through precise control of the valve assembly, enables the circulation of coolant between the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and / or the liquid cooling device. This ensures that the coolant can select the most suitable cooling path according to the operating state and state of charge of the energy storage device, improving cooling efficiency and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system. This technical solution also solves the problem of traditional thermal management devices having a single cooling strategy when dealing with complex operating conditions. Through intelligent control of the valve assembly, it achieves adaptive adjustment of the cooling system.

[0107] Specifically, in the energy storage system, the energy storage device, the liquid cooling device of the thermal management device, and the control device can be integrated in the battery cabinet. The melting heat absorption cooling device of the thermal management device can be located outside the battery cabinet and connected to the liquid cooling device inside the battery cabinet only through the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 13, without changing the internal structure of the battery cabinet.

[0108] In some embodiments, the energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, which further includes a photovoltaic power station electrically connected to the energy storage device. The photovoltaic power station is used to charge the energy storage device during the day. Specifically, the energy storage device is charged during the day and discharged at night. This technical solution fully utilizes solar energy during the day to charge the energy storage device while effectively controlling the operating temperature of the energy storage device, thereby improving the overall efficiency and economic benefits of the energy storage system.

[0109] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the working process of the energy storage system of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0110] In the energy storage system of this application, the thermal management equipment includes a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, a liquid cooling device, and a valve group. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device includes a cabinet with an outer layer of insulation material, a serpentine tube heat exchanger at the bottom of the cabinet, a liquid level sensor at the bottom of the cabinet, a water supply pipe at the side of the cabinet, an electrically controlled Fresnel lens at the top of the cabinet, and an automatic exhaust valve at the upper side of the cabinet. The cabinet contains a mixed solution of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate.

[0111] When the water supply to the cabinet of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device ends, the mixed solution is saturated, and the corresponding liquid level is h1; when the focusing of the electrically controlled Fresnel lens ends, the mixed solution is supersaturated, and the corresponding liquid level is h2. At this time, the liquid level is about 20mm above the serpentine tube heat exchanger.

[0112] The dissolution heat absorption process of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is as follows: When heat absorption is required, the water supply pipe is opened and the Fresnel lens is closed, water is injected into the cabinet, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate dissolve, and ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate absorb a large amount of heat during the dissolution process, causing the temperature of the coolant in the serpentine tube heat exchanger to decrease. When the liquid level rises from h2 to h1, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate are completely dissolved, and the dissolution heat absorption process ends. The solution reset process of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is as follows: When reset is required, the water supply pipe is closed and the Fresnel lens is opened. Using the illumination and the focusing function of the Fresnel lens, the water in the solution evaporates, and the water vapor is discharged through the automatic exhaust valve. When the liquid level drops from h1 to h2, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate reset to a supersaturated state, and some ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate precipitate out. At this time, the Fresnel lens is closed.

[0113] In the thermal management equipment, the connection relationship between the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the liquid cooling device, and the valve group is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 In the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the inlet of the serpentine tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the plate heat exchanger through the fifth valve. The outlet of the serpentine tube heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate. The outlet of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the inlet of the water pump. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the plate heat exchanger through the first valve. The outlet of the water pump is also connected to the outlet of the plate heat exchanger through the second valve. The outlet of the plate heat exchanger is directly connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate through the fourth valve. The water supply pipe of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is connected to the condensate of the battery cabinet dehumidifier or industrial water supply equipment through the third valve.

[0114] The thermal management equipment described in this application is used in conjunction with photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment charges from 10:00 to 14:00 during the day and discharges from 20:00 to 24:00 at night. Before the charging phase, under sunlight, a solution reset process is performed; at the beginning of charging, a solution dissolution and heat absorption cooling process is performed, cooling the coolant through dissolution and heat absorption; during the middle of charging, solution reset is performed, and the coolant is simultaneously compressed and cooled; at the end of charging, the coolant undergoes both compression and heat absorption cooling. Before the discharging phase, under sunlight, a solution reset process is performed; at the beginning of discharging, the coolant undergoes compression and heat absorption cooling; at the end of discharging, the coolant undergoes both compression and heat absorption cooling.

[0115] The specific working process of an energy storage system can be summarized as follows:

[0116] Step S1: At the beginning stage of charging, determine whether the liquid level in the cabinet of the dissolution endothermic refrigeration device satisfies h2 - 5mm < liquid level < h2 + 5mm. If so, it indicates that the dissolution endothermic refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity. At this time, open the second, third, and fifth valves, close other solenoid valves, supply water into the cabinet through the third valve. The coolant flowing out of the liquid cooling plate flows through the serpentine tube heat exchanger via the water pump, the second valve, and the fifth valve. The solution in the cabinet absorbs heat to cool the coolant, and the cooled coolant flows back into the liquid cooling plate again. During this process, the coolant does not flow through the plate heat exchanger, that is, the compression refrigeration equipment (including the compressor) does not work.

[0117] Step S2: After the battery SOC (State of Charge) reaches 10% during the charging stage, close the second, third, and fifth valves, and open the first and fourth valves. The coolant flowing out of the liquid cooling plate returns to the liquid cooling plate after being cooled by heat exchange through the plate heat exchanger; after the battery SOC reaches 10% and before the charging ends, control the Fresnel lens to turn on, reset the solution, and then turn off the Fresnel lens.

[0118] Step S3: At the end stage of charging, when the battery SOC reaches 92%, determine whether the liquid level in the cabinet satisfies h2 - 5mm < liquid level < h2 + 5mm. If so, close the second and fourth valves, open the first, third, and fifth valves, and supply water into the cabinet through the third valve. That is, first, the compression refrigeration equipment cools the coolant preliminarily, and then the solution in the cabinet further cools the coolant by dissolution endotherm, making the coolant have a lower temperature. After the battery SOC reaches 100%, close all valves; otherwise, open the first and fourth valves and cool the coolant through the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0119] Step S4: At the beginning stage of discharging, open the first and fourth valves, and close other solenoid valves, and cool the coolant through the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0120] Step S5: At the end stage of discharging, when the battery SOC reaches 92%, determine whether the liquid level in the cabinet satisfies h2 - 5mm < liquid level < h2 + 5mm. If so, close the second and fourth valves, open the first, third, and fifth valves, and supply water into the cabinet through the third valve. That is, first, the compression refrigeration equipment cools the coolant preliminarily, and then the solution in the cabinet further cools the coolant by dissolution endotherm, making the coolant have a lower temperature. After the battery SOC reaches 100%, close all valves, otherwise, open the first and fourth valves and cool the coolant through the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments described in this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0123] This application provides a device for cooling an energy storage device using the principle of solution endothermic reaction. The device contains nitrate solvent stored inside its casing, which immerses a first heat exchanger. By supplying water to the casing, the nitrate reacts with the water, absorbing heat and cooling the coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger. An electrically controlled concentrator is installed on the casing. By activating the concentrator, light is focused onto the nitrate mixture solution inside the casing, evaporating the water in the mixture solution and restoring the nitrate solvent. Since the reaction process of nitrate is largely unaffected by ambient temperature and has strong environmental adaptability, this solution endothermic refrigeration device can achieve both cyclic refrigeration and avoid the problem of unstable cooling capacity caused by poor environmental adaptability, ensuring good cooling effect.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Any person skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A solution-absorbing heat refrigeration device for an energy storage equipment, characterized in that, include: The housing has a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening being used to communicate with a water supply device; An electrically controlled concentrator is located at the second opening; A first heat exchanger is located inside the shell, with its inlet connected to the third opening and its outlet connected to the fourth opening. The shell contains nitrate solvent, which submerges the first heat exchanger at a first level. When water is supplied to the shell and the liquid level is less than or equal to a second level, the nitrate reacts with water and absorbs heat. When the water supply to the shell is stopped and the electrically controlled concentrator is turned on, the water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell drops to the first level.

2. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrate solvent includes ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, wherein the content of ammonium nitrate is 60% to 80% and the content of sodium nitrate is 20% to 40%.

3. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrically controlled condenser is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, and the housing is an open-top housing with the electrically controlled Fresnel lens located on the top surface.

4. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for energy storage equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing also has a bottom surface opposite the top surface, the distance between the first heat exchanger and the bottom surface is less than the distance between the first heat exchanger and the top surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device further includes: A liquid level sensor is located on the bottom surface inside the housing, and the liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level inside the housing.

5. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for energy storage equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing also has a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and a fifth opening is provided on the housing. The distance between the fifth opening and the top surface is less than the distance between the fifth opening and the bottom surface. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further includes: An exhaust valve is located at the fifth opening, through which the water vapor formed by evaporation is discharged to the outside of the housing.

6. The solution-endothermic refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device's heat absorption and refrigeration unit also includes: An insulation material layer is located on the outer surface of the shell.

7. The solution-endothermic refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger is a serpentine tube heat exchanger.

8. A thermal management device, characterized in that, include: The valve assembly includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and a fifth valve; The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 has a first opening for connecting to a water supply device, and the third valve is located on the pipeline between the first opening and the water supply device. A liquid cooling device includes a second heat exchanger and a liquid cooling plate. The second heat exchanger includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The coolant inlet is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate through a first valve. The outlet of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device through a second valve and a fifth valve in sequence. The coolant outlet is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger through the fifth valve. The coolant outlet is also connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate through a fourth valve. The outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate.

9. The thermal management device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second heat exchanger further includes a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further includes: The pump unit is located on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate and the inlet of the second heat exchanger; A compression refrigeration device, wherein the outlet of the compression refrigeration device is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the inlet of the compression refrigeration device is connected to the refrigerant outlet.

10. The thermal management device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The water supply equipment is a dehumidifier for an energy storage device.

11. The thermal management device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

12. A control method for a thermal management device, characterized in that, The thermal management device is the thermal management device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the liquid cooling plate of the thermal management device is used to contact the energy storage device, and the method includes: The liquid level inside the shell of the dissolution endothermic refrigeration device, the working stage of the energy storage device, and the state of charge of the energy storage device are obtained. The working stage includes a charging stage and a discharging stage. The opening and closing states of the valve group are controlled at least according to the liquid level, the working stage, and the state of charge, so that the coolant in the thermal management equipment returns to the liquid cooling plate via one of the following to cool the coolant: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

13. The control method for the thermal management equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, Controlling the opening and closing state of the valve assembly based at least on the liquid level, the operating stage, and the state of charge includes: Under predetermined conditions, the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to open, and the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to close, so as to supply water into the housing and allow the coolant to return to the liquid cooling plate via the first heat exchanger. The predetermined conditions include that the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first value. If the predetermined conditions are not met, at least the first valve is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate at least through the second heat exchanger.

14. The control method for the thermal management equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, If the predetermined conditions are not met, at least the first valve is controlled to open, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate at least via the second heat exchanger, including: When the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger; When the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger; When the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate via the second heat exchanger.

15. The control method for the thermal management equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the operating phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the operating phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate via the second heat exchanger, including: When the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value, the working stage is the discharging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, the first valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate sequentially through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger; When the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage is the discharging stage, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

16. The control method for the thermal management equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid-cooled plate via the second heat exchanger, including: When the liquid level in the housing is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to open, and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate after passing through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in sequence. When the liquid level in the housing is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to close, so that the coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate after passing through the second heat exchanger.

17. The control method for the thermal management device according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that, The charging phase occurs during a period of time during the day, and the discharging phase occurs during a period of time at night. The method further includes: When it is daytime and the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the electrically controlled concentrator of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is turned on and the third valve is turned off to evaporate the water in the shell. When the liquid level in the housing is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the housing is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve is open, or when the current time is nighttime, the electrically controlled concentrator is controlled to close.

18. The control method for the thermal management equipment according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The first value is less than or equal to 10%, and the second value is 90% to 95%.

19. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Energy storage devices: The thermal management device according to any one of claims 8 to 11; The control device of the thermal management device includes one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a control method for performing the thermal management device according to any one of claims 12 to 18.

20. The energy storage system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, which further includes a photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic power station is electrically connected to the energy storage device and is used to charge the energy storage device during the day.

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