Dangerous rock deformation monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring and alarming, and discloses a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device which comprises a soil pressure meter and a retaining wall, the soil pressure meter is installed on the stress face of the retaining wall, a retaining foundation wall is installed on the side portion of the retaining wall, and the retaining wall is in sliding fit with the retaining foundation wall. A buffer wall pad is installed between the retaining wall and the retaining foundation wall, a supporting plate is movably installed on the back side of the retaining foundation wall and used for enhancing the supporting effect on the retaining wall, and the retaining wall is in transmission connection with the supporting plate. According to the scheme, when the dangerous rock body slope deforms, stress transmission is sensed by the soil pressure meter, alarm is triggered, before a worker takes measures, if the dangerous rock body deforms continuously, the retaining wall is extruded, the inclination angle of the supporting plate is changed while the supporting plate moves downwards, supporting of the supporting plate to the retaining foundation wall is enhanced through the change, and the safety of the worker is improved. And the soil insertion degree is improved, so that the overall stability of the retaining wall after alarming is improved, and the dangerous rock body is protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of monitoring alarm, in particular to a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, in the field of geotechnical engineering disaster prevention, dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring is a core technical link for preventing slope instability, landslides and other geological disasters. As a key monitoring element, the earth pressure gauge (also known as the earth pressure cell) has formed a mature industrial system through technical evolution. The current mainstream products are divided into two categories: steel string type and resistance strain type. The steel string type earth pressure gauge senses the stress of the soil body through the change of the vibration frequency of the built-in high-strength steel string, and realizes data acquisition with a frequency instrument; the resistance strain type utilizes the linear relationship between the resistance change rate of the metal strain gauge and the soil pressure, and completes signal conversion through a resistance strain gauge. The two technical routes have formed a standardized product system in terms of core parameters such as range (0-10MPa), accuracy level (±1%FS), and environmental adaptability (-30℃~80℃).

[0003] The operation mode of the traditional monitoring system has significant limitations: the earth pressure gauge is usually installed in a buried or surface attached manner on the retaining wall structure, and transmits stress data to the monitoring center through wired or wireless means. When the monitoring value exceeds the preset threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm and sends an early warning message to the management personnel.

[0004] The existing earth pressure gauge is usually installed on the retaining wall of the dangerous rock mass slope. After the alarm, manual intervention is required to reinforce the retaining wall, which exists a secondary disaster risk window period, otherwise it is easy to cause greater risk; therefore, we propose a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device, which can solve the problem of the need for manual intervention to reinforce the retaining wall after the alarm, the existence of a secondary disaster risk window period, and the risk of causing greater risk otherwise.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device, which comprises an earth pressure gauge and a retaining wall, the earth pressure gauge is installed on the stress surface of the retaining wall, the retaining wall is provided with a retaining wall on the side, the retaining wall and the retaining wall are in sliding fit, a buffer wall pad is installed between the retaining wall and the retaining wall, a supporting plate is movably installed on the back side of the retaining wall, which is used to strengthen the supporting effect of the retaining wall, and the retaining wall is in transmission connection with the supporting plate.

[0007] Optionally, the retaining wall top is integrally provided with an extension top plate, the bottom surface of the end of the extension top plate is fixedly provided with a stop plate, the back side of the retaining wall is slidably provided with an intermediate sliding block, the intermediate sliding block is provided as a sliding block with an inclined upper surface, the stop plate is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the intermediate sliding block, and the bottom surface of the intermediate sliding block is in abutment with the support plate.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom end of the support plate is integrally provided with a plate nail for insertion into the foundation.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom surface of the retaining wall is provided with an inclined bottom, the sliding surface of the retaining wall and the retaining wall is provided as an inclined slope, and the inclined bottom is in sliding fit with the inclined slope.

[0010] Optionally, the retaining wall is detachably provided with a sealing plate on both sides.

[0011] Optionally, a cavity is formed in the middle of the retaining wall, a reinforcing nail plate is slidably installed in the cavity, the cavity is provided with a transmission connection mechanism, and the reinforcing nail plate moves downward through the transmission connection mechanism after the retaining wall is compressed.

[0012] Optionally, the transmission connection mechanism comprises a toothed rotating shaft rotatably installed on the retaining wall, a pressing plate is integrally installed on the side of the toothed rotating shaft, the pressing plate is in abutment with the inner wall of the retaining wall, a rack is provided on the side of the reinforcing nail plate, and the rack is in meshing engagement with the toothed rotating shaft.

[0013] Optionally, a torsional spring is installed at the end of the toothed rotating shaft, and the torsional spring is fixedly clamped with the retaining wall.

[0014] Optionally, the buffer wall pad is a sandbag wall pad.

[0015] Optionally, a sliding groove is formed in the back side of the retaining wall, and the intermediate sliding block is slidably clamped in the sliding groove.

[0016] By the technical scheme, the dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device provided by the scheme has the following advantages in use: when the dangerous rock mass slope deforms, stress transmission is sensed by the soil pressure instrument, and an alarm is triggered in time, if the dangerous rock mass continuously deforms and the retaining wall is extruded, the retaining wall moves towards the retaining base wall, at this time, the buffer wall pad acts as a buffer layer, and different from the prior art, in the scheme, the retaining base wall is reinforced by the support plate, in normal times, one end of the support plate abuts against the back of the retaining base wall, and the other end is inserted into the soil layer through the plate nail, when the retaining wall is extruded, the retaining wall moves to make the extended top plate move, so that the abutting plate slides on the inclined surface of the middle sliding block, the relative movement of the abutting plate and the middle sliding block makes the middle sliding block slide downwards, and the middle sliding block extrudes the support plate, since the support plate is movably arranged, the extrusion of the middle sliding block makes the support plate move downwards and the inclination angle of the support plate changes, the change improves the support of the support plate on the retaining base wall and the degree of insertion into the soil, so that the stability of the retaining wall as a whole after the alarm and the protection of the dangerous rock mass are improved.

[0017] By arranging the reinforcing nail plate, the bottom end of the reinforcing nail plate fixes the retaining base wall above the soil layer in normal times, when the retaining wall is extruded, the abutting plate between the retaining base wall and the retaining wall is extruded and touched by the retaining wall, the abutting plate is turned over to synchronously rotate the toothed rotating shaft, the meshing of the rack and the toothed rotating shaft makes the reinforcing nail plate move downwards, so that the insertion depth of the reinforcing nail plate into the soil layer is increased, and the reinforcing effect of the retaining base wall itself in the vertical direction of the soil layer is improved, so that the retaining base wall can withstand the deformation pressure of the dangerous rock mass and does not collapse.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the scheme will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the scheme, constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the scheme, but do not constitute a limitation on the scheme. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall explosion three-dimensional structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing nail plate of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure before deformation of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure after deformation of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 The application relates to a Figure 5 The application relates to a

[0026] The application relates to a DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the application more apparent and comprehensible, the specific embodiments of the application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the application. However, the application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the application, so the application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. The terms "first", "second" are used to distinguish one element from another element, and do not have sequentiality and importance. In addition, the following description refers to the drawings, and the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements, which are not described here.

[0029] In the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present scheme, a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device is provided, as shown in Figures 1-6 The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device includes a soil pressure gauge 110 and a retaining wall 120. The soil pressure gauge 110 is installed on the force surface of the retaining wall 120. A retaining base wall 130 is installed on the side of the retaining wall 120. The retaining wall 120 and the retaining base wall 130 are in sliding fit. A buffer wall pad 140 is installed between the retaining wall 120 and the retaining base wall 130. The buffer wall pad 140 is a sandbag wall pad. A support plate 240 is movably installed on the back side of the retaining base wall 130 to strengthen the support effect on the retaining wall 120. The retaining wall 120 is in transmission connection with the support plate 240.

[0031] Thus, when the dangerous rock mass slope undergoes initial deformation, the soil pressure gauge 110 monitors the stress change in real time and triggers a first-level alarm. During the emergency response window period, if the deformation continues to develop, the device realizes dynamic protection through a linkage mechanism.

[0032] In addition, an extended top plate 210 is integrally arranged on the top of the retaining wall 120. A stop plate 220 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the end of the extended top plate 210. An intermediate sliding block 230 is movably installed on the back side of the retaining base wall 130. The intermediate sliding block 230 is arranged as a sliding block with an inclined upper surface. The stop plate 220 is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the intermediate sliding block 230. The bottom surface of the intermediate sliding block 230 is in abutment with the support plate 240. A plate nail 250 is integrally installed on the bottom end of the support plate 240 for insertion into the foundation.

[0033] Further, an inclined bottom 121 is arranged on the bottom surface of the retaining wall 120. The sliding surface of the retaining base wall 130 and the retaining wall 120 is arranged as an inclined slope 131. The inclined bottom 121 and the inclined slope 131 are in sliding fit. A sealing plate 150 is detachably installed on both sides of the retaining base wall 130.

[0034] Specifically, after the retaining wall 120 is extruded, it moves along the inclined slope 131 to the retaining base wall 130. The sand and gravel of the buffer wall pad 140 dissipates energy through intergranular friction, absorbs impact kinetic energy, and the extended top plate 210 drives the stop plate 220 to move. The force generated by the inclined surface of the stop plate 220 pushes the intermediate sliding block 230 to move vertically downward. The intermediate sliding block 230 presses the support plate 240 to form a lever effect, so that the insertion depth of the plate nail 250 into the soil increases, the support angle increases, and the support reaction force improves.

[0035] By the technical scheme, when the dangerous rock mass slope has initial deformation, the earth pressure gauge 110 senses the stress change of the stress surface of the retaining wall 120 through the built-in sensor in real time, and immediately triggers the early warning signal. If the deformation continues to develop, the extrusion of the dangerous rock mass on the retaining wall 120 is enhanced, and the retaining wall 120 is pushed to move along the sliding fit surface formed by the slope bottom 121 of the bottom of the retaining wall 120 and the inclined slope 131 of the retaining wall 130. At this time, the sandbag buffer wall pad 140 arranged between the retaining wall 120 and the retaining wall 130 absorbs part of the impact energy through deformation, forming a buffer protection.

[0036] In the process of continuous deformation, the extension top plate 210 at the top of the retaining wall 120 moves synchronously, and the abutting plate 220 fixed to the bottom of the extension top plate 210 slides on the slope of the middle sliding block 230. The middle sliding block 230 is vertically guided and slides through the sliding groove formed on the back side of the retaining wall 130. When the abutting plate 220 moves downward along the slope, the middle sliding block 230 slides downward under the action of the vertical component force, and applies a downward compression force to the top of the support plate 240 movably installed on the back side of the retaining wall 130.

[0037] The support plate 240 has two dynamic adjustments under the compression: first, the inclination angle of the support plate 240 and the retaining wall 130 increases, so that the depth of the plate nail 250 inserted into the soil layer increases; second, the contact area of the bottom of the support plate 240 and the soil layer is expanded, forming a more stable triangular support structure. This dynamic adjustment mechanism converts the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall 120 into the vertical insertion depth and the increase of the inclined support force of the support plate 240 through mechanical transmission, thereby constructing active reinforcement protection and further reinforcing support.

[0038] It should be noted that the earth pressure gauge 110 uses an existing technical product.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present scheme, a dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device is provided, which is shown in Figures 1-6 The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device includes a cavity 310 formed in the middle of the retaining wall 130, a reinforced nail plate 320 slidably installed in the cavity 310, and a transmission connection mechanism arranged in the cavity 310. After the retaining wall 120 is pressed, the reinforced nail plate 320 moves downward through the transmission connection mechanism.

[0040] Further, the transmission connection mechanism comprises a toothed rotating shaft 340 rotatably installed on the retaining wall 130, and a pressing plate 350 is integrally installed on the side of the toothed rotating shaft 340, the pressing plate 350 is in abutment with the inner wall of the retaining wall 120, the rack 330 is arranged on the side of the reinforcing plate 320, and the rack 330 is in meshing engagement with the toothed rotating shaft 340. Through the arrangement of the reinforcing plate 320, the bottom end of the reinforcing plate 320 can fix the retaining wall 130 above the soil layer in normal times, when the retaining wall 120 is pressed, the pressing plate 350 between the retaining wall 130 and the retaining wall 120 is pressed and contacted by the retaining wall 120, the pressing plate 350 is turned over to synchronously rotate the toothed rotating shaft 340, the meshing engagement of the rack 330 and the toothed rotating shaft 340 makes the reinforcing plate 320 move downward, and the insertion depth of the reinforcing plate 320 into the soil layer is increased, so that the reinforcement of the retaining wall 130 in the vertical direction of the soil layer is improved, and the collapse of the retaining wall 130 under the pressure of the dangerous rock deformation is avoided.

[0041] Specifically, a torsional spring 341 is installed at the end of the toothed rotating shaft 340, and the torsional spring 341 is fixedly clamped with the retaining wall 130.

[0042] Through the above technical scheme, the dangerous rock deformation monitoring and early warning device provided by the present application can realize the vertical reinforcement of the retaining wall 130 through the transmission connection mechanism when in use. In the initial state, the bottom of the reinforcing plate 320 is inserted into the soil layer at a preset depth, and the retaining wall 130 is stably anchored on the slope surface. When the dangerous rock body continuously deforms to cause the retaining wall 120 to be pressed, the inner wall of the retaining wall 120 exerts a pressing action on the pressing plate 350, forcing the pressing plate 350 to turn over around the toothed rotating shaft 340.

[0043] The rotating movement of the toothed rotating shaft 340 is transmitted to the rack 330 through gear meshing, and since the rack 330 is fixedly connected with the reinforcing plate 320, the transmission action is converted into the vertical downward displacement of the reinforcing plate 320. In this process, the reinforcing plate 320 slides in the cavity 310 formed in the middle of the retaining wall 130, and the bottom tip of the reinforcing plate 320 continuously penetrates into the soil layer, forming a dynamic insertion depth adjustment positively correlated with the deformation degree. When the pressure of the dangerous rock body reaches the peak value, the vertical displacement amount of the reinforcing plate 320 reaches the maximum, and the bonding strength of the retaining wall 130 and the soil layer is simultaneously improved to the design limit. In the critical period before personnel intervention, the anchoring strength of the retaining wall 130 is continuously enhanced, and the risk of collapse of the dangerous rock body is reduced.

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical scheme of the present application within the technical concept of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] It should be further noted that the various technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the technical features are not described again in the present scheme.

[0046] In addition, various different embodiments of the present scheme can also be combined with each other, as long as it does not deviate from the idea of the present scheme, it should also be considered as disclosed by the present scheme.

Claims

1. A dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising a soil pressure gauge (110) and a retaining wall (120), characterized in that: The earth pressure gauge (110) is installed on the stress surface of the retaining wall (120), the retaining wall (120) is provided with a retaining wall base (130) on the side, the retaining wall (120) and the retaining wall base (130) are in sliding fit, a buffer wall pad (140) is installed between the retaining wall (120) and the retaining wall base (130), a supporting plate (240) is movably installed on the back side of the retaining wall base (130), so as to strengthen the supporting effect on the retaining wall (120), and the retaining wall (120) is in transmission connection with the supporting plate (240).

2. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall (120) is integrally provided with an extended top plate (210) at the top, the bottom surface of the end of the extended top plate (210) is fixedly provided with a resisting plate (220), the back side of the retaining wall base (130) is slidably provided with an intermediate sliding block (230), the intermediate sliding block (230) is provided as a sliding block with an inclined upper surface, the resisting plate (220) is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the intermediate sliding block (230), and the bottom surface of the intermediate sliding block (230) is in abutment with the supporting plate (240).

3. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting plate (240) is integrally provided with a plate nail (250) at the bottom end, which is used for inserting into the foundation.

4. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the retaining wall (120) is provided with an inclined bottom (121), the sliding surface of the retaining wall base (130) and the retaining wall (120) is provided as an inclined slope (131), and the inclined bottom (121) is in sliding fit with the inclined slope (131).

5. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall base (130) is detachably provided with a sealing plate (150) on both sides.

6. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall base (130) is provided with a cavity (310) in the middle, a reinforcing nail plate (320) is slidably installed in the cavity (310), the cavity (310) is provided with a transmission connection mechanism, and the reinforcing nail plate (320) moves downward through the transmission connection mechanism after the retaining wall (120) is pressed.

7. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission connection mechanism comprises a toothed rotating shaft (340) rotatably installed on the retaining wall base (130), a pressing plate (350) is integrally installed on the side of the toothed rotating shaft (340), the pressing plate (350) is in abutment with the inner wall of the retaining wall (120), a rack (330) is provided on the side of the reinforcing nail plate (320), and the rack (330) is in engagement with the toothed rotating shaft (340).

8. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A torsional spring (341) is installed at the end of the toothed rotating shaft (340), and the torsional spring (341) is fixedly clamped with the retaining wall base (130).

9. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer wall pad (140) is provided as a sandbag wall pad.

10. The dangerous rock mass deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The back side of the retaining wall base (130) is provided with a sliding groove, and the intermediate sliding block (230) is slidably clamped in the sliding groove.

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